Anisaldehyde Research Articles

Pyrimidine appended heterocycles: synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation

A new class of pyrimidine-based heterocycles has been successfully synthesized via a simple and efficient way starting from 2-keto-thiophene (1). The α,β-unsaturated ketone (chalcone) (3) was first synthesized by treating the ketone (1) with 4-methoxy benzaldehyde (2), followed by treating with amino formamidine hydrochloride to afford the intermediate pyrimidine moiety (4) which was converted to amide functionalized pyrimidines (5a–e), pyrimidine-2-imines (6a–e) and thiophene tethered pyrimidine-imidazoles (7a–e). The structures assigned to the new compounds are confirmed by IR, NMR, and MS studies. The newly synthesized compounds were subjected to a molecular docking study with the protein of Staphylococcus aureus (PDB ID: 1JIJ), for antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The compounds 5a, 6a, 6b, and 7d were found to show hydrogen bond interaction with active site amino acid residues with the binding energy of −8,08, −8.39, −8.64, and −8.02 kJ/mol, respectively, and may act as potential inhibitors of bacterial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetases. The biological study envisioned that the synthesized compound 7b has shown potent antioxidant properties with 74.07% scavenging activity at 400 µg/mL and compound 6b was found to exhibit excellent antibacterial activity with 16, 20, 21, and 22 mm zone of inhibition against S. aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella paratyphi-A and Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains, respectively.

Selective electrochemical oxidation of organic compounds in a mass transfer-enhanced electrochemical flow reactor (e[sbnd]NETmix)

eNETmix stands as an electrochemical flow reactor engineered to enhance mass transfer. This study aimed at assessing the performance of the eNETmix reactor in the realm of organic electrosynthesis. Specifically, the research focused on the selective electrochemical oxidation of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (4-MBA) to p-anisaldehyde (PAA) using a bare fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) anode. The efficiency of the process was assessed for distinct current densities (j), Reynolds numbers (Re), supporting electrolyte contents, and substrate initial contents. The eNETmix reactor was extensively compared to a commercial electrochemical flow reactor (MicroFlowCell from ElectroCell, Denmark). eNETmix facilitated the use of a broader range of j (0.8–2.0 mA cm−2versus 0.8 mA cm−2) together with smaller Re (≥190 versus >1750), supporting electrolyte contents (≥1 mM versus ≥30 mM), and substrate initial contents (≥2.0 mM versus ≥3.0 mM) with no loss of PAA production or energy consumption. These findings underscore a remarkable suitability of eNETmix as a reactor for organic electrosynthesis.

Synthesis, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicology (ADMET) and molecular docking studies of some pyridin-2(1H)-one derived from a Apocynin in Thi-Qar Governorate

The present study includes synthesized of some pyridin-2(1H)- one of 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethan-1-one. The [ 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) - 4 - (4-methoxyphenyl) - 2 - oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine - 3- carbonitrile, 4 - (4-bromophenyl) - 6 -(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2- dihydropyridine - 3- carbonitrile, 4 - (4-bromophenyl) – 6 - (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1, 2 - dihydropyridine - 3-carbonitrile] derivatives have been synthesized by cyclization reaction of the 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one with various aldehydes (4-methoxy benzaldehyde, 4-bromo benzaldehyde ,4-dimethyamino benzaldehyde) respectively and ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of ammonium acetate. The structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed by the different available spectroscopic methods, such as FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectroscopy. The physical properties were assessed. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated by the use of 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. The compounds 4-(4-bromophenyl)-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile,and4-(4-bromophenyl)-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile, showed the highest activity as antioxidants (79.05, 67.28)%, which can be compared with ascorbic acid 82.71%, while the antioxidant activity of compound 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile, showed less effectiveness for the antioxidant 17.55% at a concentration of 12 ppm. Also, the prepared compounds were assessed for in vitro biological activity against the two types of bacteria [staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli] respectively which displayed moderate inhibition. In an attempt to understand the ligand–protein interactions in terms of the binding affinity, docking studies were performed using Py-Rx and BIOVIA\Discovery Studio 2021 for the compounds. the binding affinities calculated were in agreement with the minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] values.

Tissue-specific and novel secondary metabolites identified by SPME/GC-MS in Artemisia annua calli cultured under different wavelength

The controlled environment in the in vitro conditions allow for a stable and high-quality production of metabolites. Also, the use of different tissues, under in vitro conditions, can produce a profile of secondary metabolites different from those produced under conventional systems. The present study aimed to develop a protocol for in vitro calli induction and proliferation of Artemisia annua, and to compare the secondary metabolite profile of in vitro calli, in vitro plantlets, and plants cultivated ex vitro. The effects of different light wavelengths on the production of secondary metabolites were also evaluated. The presence of phytoregulators 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) promoted the induction and proliferation of calli, with an increase in diameter and fresh weight of the calli. SPME/GC-MS analysis showed differences in the profile of secondary metabolites produced by different A. annua cultivation systems and light wavelengths. White light sources (cold fluorescent) and red light (LEDs) resulted in a greater diversity of metabolites produced by the calli. In total, 25 metabolites were detected exclusively in calli of A. annua, four of which are reported for the first time in the species: menthyl acetate, geranyl acetate, 4-methoxy benzaldehyde, and alpha-santalene. Of these, six metabolites were uniquely identified in calli cultured under red LED, demonstrating calli response specificity. The results demonstrate the potential of in vitro culture of A. annua calli in the production of metabolites different from those obtained in different tissues, such as in vitro plantlets and plants grown in greenhouse.

The nano mixture of ethanol extract ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum L.) seed and putri malu (Mimosa pudica L.) leaves potentially reduced blood glucose levels in hyperglycemia wistar rat

The formation of nano extracts can increase the bioactivity of a compound in the body. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of a nano mixture of Coriandrum sativum L seed and ethanol extract of Mimosa pudica L leaves to reduce glucose levels in hyperglycemic rats, compared to an ethanolic extract mixture of Coriandrum sativum L seeds and Mimosa pudica L leaves. The size and zeta potential characterization of the ethanolic extract mixture of Coriandrum sativum L seed and Mimosa pudica L leaves was carried out using a Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). The results of characterization with PSA showed that the nanoparticle size of the ethanolic mixture of Coriandrum sativum L seeds and Mimosa pudica L leaves was 184.4 nm and the zeta potential value was -1.62 mV. The particle size obtained is in accordance with the herbal nano size, which is 50-300 nm. Identification of compounds in the ethanolic extract mixture of Coriandrum sativum L seed and Mimosa pudica L leaves by LC-MS/MS, found 7 compounds suspected of antihyperglycemia, namely phenylalanine, indole, 4-methoxy benzaldehyde, 2,5-dimethoxy benzaldehyde, apigenin, 2-flouren-9-ylidenemethyl-pyridine, and 5-Pentyl-1,3-benzenediol. The activity test results showed that the nano ethanol extract mixture of Coriandrum sativum L seed and Mimosa pudica L leaves was more effective in lowering blood glucose levels (79.29%) compared to the ethanolic extract mixture of Coriandrum sativum L seed and Mimosa pudica L leaves (50.88%).

Ultrasonic study for the molecular interactions of the ternary liquid mixture of p-anisaldehyde (4-methoxy benzaldehyde) with dimethylamine (N-methylmethanamine) and n-hexane at various temperatures

Ultrasonic study for the molecular interactions of the ternary liquid mixture of p-anisaldehyde (4-methoxy benzaldehyde) with dimethylamine (N-methylmethanamine) and n-hexane at various temperatures

Novel alkyl-substituted 4-methoxy benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazones: Multi-target directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder affecting mental ability and interrupts neurocognitive functions. Treating multifactorial conditions of AD with a single-target-directed drug is highly difficult. Thus, a multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) development strategy has been developed as a promising approach for the treatment of AD.Herein, we have synthesized two novel thiosemicarbazones as MTDLs and reported their bioactivities against diverse neuropathological events involved in AD. In vitro studies revealed that both compounds exhibited promising anticholinesterase activity (AChE, IC50 = 15.98 μM, MZET and IC50 = 30.23 μM, MZMT), well supported by a detailed computational study. Both analogs have shown good thermodynamic behaviour and stability through interactions with characteristic amino acid residues throughout simulation of 100 ns against acetylcholinesterase enzyme. In an electrophysiology assay, these analogs have shown a characteristic inhibitory response against the GluN1-1a + GluN2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Pre-treatment of BV-2 microglial cells with MZET effectively decreased nitrite production compared to nitrite produced by lipopolysaccharide-treated cells alone. Further, the effect of MZMT and MZET on autophagy regulation was determined using stably transfected SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. MZET significantly enhanced the autophagy flux in neuroblastoma cells. A significant decrease in copper-catalysed oxidation of amyloid-β in presence of synthesized thiosemicarbazones was also observed.Collectively, our findings indicated that these analogs have potential as effective anti-AD candidates and can be used as a prototype to develop more safer multi-targeted anti-AD drugs.

Shear Stress Triggers Ultrathin-Nanosheet Carbon Nitride Assembly for Photocatalytic H2O2 Production Coupled with Selective Alcohol Oxidation.

Coupled photocatalysis without cocatalysts can maximize the utilization of photons and atoms, which puts forward higher demands on photocatalysts. Polymeric carbon nitride (CN) has become the most promising photocatalyst, but still suffers from major drawbacks of insufficient catalytic sites and low quantum efficiency. Herein, we report a fluid shear stress-assisted molecular assembly to prepare ultrathin-nanosheet-assembled acanthosphere-like CN (ASCN) with nitrogen vacancy (Nv) and carbonyl modification. Shear stress breaks the stacking interactions between layers and cuts the stacked structure into ultrathin layers, which are further reassembled into acanthosphere bundles driven by "centrifugal force". Benefitted greatly from the ultrathin nature that provides more exposed active sites and improves charge carrier separation, ASCN-3 exhibits a 20-fold higher activity than the bulk counterpart toward oxygen reduction to H2O2 coupled with 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (4-MBA) oxidation to anisaldehyde (AA), with significantly increased turnover frequency (TOF) values (TOF: 1.69 h-1 for H2O2 and 1.02 h-1 for AA). Significantly, ASCN-3 exhibits 95.8% conversion for 4-MBA oxidation with nearly 100% selectivity. High apparent quantum yields of 11.7% and 9.3% at 420 nm are achieved for H2O2 photosynthesis and 4-MBA oxidation. Mechanism studies suggest that carbonyl induces holes concentrated at the neighboring melem unit to directly oxidize the Cα-H bond of 4-MBA to produce carbon radicals, and Nv as oxygen adsorption active site traps electrons to form a superoxide radical that further combines with the shed protons into H2O2. This work presents a simple physical method to break the layered stack of CN for creating hierarchical assembly for coupled photocatalysis.

Antimicrobial and biofilm inhibition effects of p-anisaldehyde against Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a food-borne bacterial pathogen that seriously threatens the safety of seafood and human health. Biofilm formation is an important cause of pathogenicity and effective natural antibiofilm substances are urgently needed. Herein, we investigated the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of p-anisaldehyde (PAA) from Pimpinella anisum L. against V. parahaemolyticus, along with its application on salmon. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of PAA against V. parahaemolyticus was 2 μL/mL. PAA inhibited the growth, motility and adhesion of V. parahaemolyticus in a dose-dependent manner. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that cell membrane integrity was disrupted and the ultrastructure of cells was damaged. Transcriptome analysis showed that treatment with PAA resulted in significant differences in the expression of 2415 genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses showed that differentially expressed genes related to biofilm formation, flagella mobility and quorum sensing (QS) were significantly altered in V. parahaemolyticus. Notably, PAA could also inhibit V. parahaemolyticus in salmon via fumigation, suggesting its potential application in food preservation. This study identified PAA as a potential natural antimicrobial agent to inhibit biofilm formation of V. parahaemolyticus and thereby protect salmon against infection.

Facile fabrication of chitosan Schiff bases from giant tiger prawn shells (Penaeus monodon) via solvent-free mechanochemical grafting

Fabrication of chitosan Schiff bases (ChSB) from giant tiger prawn shells (Penaeus monodon) using an environmentally friendly method has been conducted successfully. Transformation of Prawn Shells (PS) as raw material into chitin then chitosan was executed under ambient temperature. Later, three Ch Schiff bases (ChSB-A, ChSB-S, and ChSB-V) were successfully synthesized for the first time via solvent-free mechanochemical grafting with 2-hydroxy benzaldehyde, 4-methoxy benzaldehyde, and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy benzaldehyde, respectively. Synthesis was carried out with Shaker Mill-Ultimate Gravity equipped with a Teflon jar with zirconia balls; then the product was characterized. FTIR analysis proved the conversion of free amine to imine groups. The degree of substitution (DS) and crystallinity index (CrI) were determined by elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The DS values obtained were about 0.343, 0.795, and 0.055 for ChSB-A, ChSB-S, and ChSB-V, respectively. The CrI of ChSB-A, ChSB-S, and ChSB-V was 53.3, 51.7, and 46.9 %, respectively. The thermal gravimetric analysis showed that the mechanochemical grafting of Ch improves the thermal stability of ChSB. This developed method provides a novel potential technique to convert PS into ChSB products by solvent-free mechanochemical grafting.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Agents

In this study, we aimed to develop new biologically active compounds with antibacterial properties. 4-amino-5-methyl-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3(4H)-one (1) was converted to the corresponding Schiff bases (2) with the reaction with a 4-anis aldehyde. Acetic acid ethyl esters containing [1,2,4] triazole ring (3) were synthesized by the condensation of compounds (2) with ethyl bromoacetate in basic media. The reaction of compounds (3) with hydrazine hydrate led to the formation of acid hydrazides (4). The reaction of hydrazide (4) with phenyl isothio - and phenyl isocyanate produced the corresponding carbothioamide (5a) and carboxamide (5b). The basic treatment of carbothioamide (5a) and. carboxamide (5b) produced 1,2,4-triazole (6a, 6b) compounds, respectively. The reactions of ( (6b) with norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin in the presence of formaldehyde afforded the corresponding Mannich bases( 7a, 7b). The structural assignments of the new compounds were based on elemental analysis and spectral (IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR) data. All newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity. The in vitro antimicrobial activities of the compounds were evaluated against pathogenic microorganisms, and compounds 7a and 7b were found the most effective antimicrobial activity.

Composite Eu-MOF@CQDs “off & on” ratiometric luminescent probe for highly sensitive chiral detection of l-lysine and 2-methoxybenzaldehyde

The high amount of l-lysine can increase the potential risk of cardiovascular disease. Additionally, 2-methoxy benzaldehyde (2-MB) has high toxicity and can easily pollute the environment. In this work, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) can be encapsulated into Eu-BTB (H3BTB = 1,3,5-tri(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene), forming the multi-emission composite material Eu-BTB@CQDs. It has two emissions peaks (617 nm for Eu and 470 nm for CQDs). Eu-BTB@CQDs can be applied as bi-functional ratiometric “off & on” luminescent sensor for l-lysine and 2-MB with high sensitivity and selectivity, the low limit of detection (LOD) for l-lysine is 3.68 µmol/L and for 2-MB is 0.54 µmol/L, respectively. Additionally, Eu-BTB@CQDs can quantitatively discriminate l-lysine in the mixed d- and l-lysine water solutions (five different concentrations ratio of l/d-lysine has been set) makes the chiral detection of l-lysine are more meaningful. On the other hand, Eu-BTB@CQDs also can detect 2-MB over 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (4-MB) with high selectivity. Further the detection of 2-MB and l-lysine in the lake water real samples with the reasonable recovery rate. Finally, the detection mechanisms for l-lysine and 2-MB were also investigated and discussed in detail.

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES OF SCHIFF BASE LIGAND DERIVED FROM PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES

Novel classes of heterocyclic Schiff base ligand were prepared from the condensation of 2-methoxy benzaldehyde and 2-amino 4-methyl pyridine in absolute ethanol in presence of catalytic amount of dilute HCl. The resulted novel class ofheterocyclic ligand was treated with metal salt or acetate results in the formation of Fe (III), Co (III), Ni (II) & Cu (II)complexes. All newly synthesized resulted ligand its metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis and FTIR,Magnetic susceptibility, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, ESR spectrum for Copper complex in DMF solvent recorded atroom temperature. The Electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements indicates that square planer andoctahedral geometry of these complexes also suggest their structure in which (N, O) group acts as bidentate ligand. Thethermal stability, decomposition behavior has been investigated by using thermo gravimetric analysis at heating rate 10°Cper minute with nitrogen atmosphere and their and kinetic parameter was also calculated by using Freeman Carrollmethod. Screening results of antimicrobial, antioxidant activity of transition metal complexes shows good antibacterialand antifungal activity and excellent antioxidant activity.

Phytochemical Screening, GC-MS & HPLC Analysis of Decalepis arayalpathra (Joseph & Chandras) an Endangered Medicinal Plant

Decalepis arayalpathra is one of the important medicinal plants with milky latex, which grows on the exposed rocky slopes at an
 800-1200 m elevation. It is endemic to the southern region of the Western Ghats chiefly in the Agasthyamalai region of Tamil Nadu. The plant
 has been used by traditional people to treat various diseases such as peptic ulcers, cancer like affliction, skin diseases etc. The moniliform tuberous roots have special fragrance like vanilla, because the roots contain different compounds such as α-amyrin acetate, ß-sitosterol, naringenin, kaempferol and aromadendrin especially in 2-hydroxy 4-methoxy benzaldehyde (2H4MB). The present study was aimed to examine the phytochemical screening and identification of bioactive compounds of Decalepis arayalpathra by GC-MS & HPLC analysis. The phytochemical analysis was carried out by using standard methods. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed major bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, steroids, terpenoids, quinones, resins, phenols, tannins, volatile oils and other phytocompounds. FTIR analysis identified various bioactive components and those were confirmed through GC-MS analysis. 2-hydroxy 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (2H4MB) and ß-sitosterol were quantified by HPLC analysis. Further studies have to be carried out in the in-vitro multiplication, isolation and characterization of compounds to enhance the root flavouring complexes for medicinal, food and beverage industries.

Synthesis of N-Benzylideneaniline by Schiff base reaction using Kinnow peel powder as Green catalyst and comparative study of derivatives through ANOVA techniques

The cheap and easy availability of the Kinnow peel waste has reported various applications due to presence of multifunctional groups. Therefore, in present study we explored its application to synthesize N-Benzylideneaniline and its derivatives based on Schiff base reaction. Kinnow peel powder is characterized by FTIR, TEM, SEM, XRD, EDX, and TGA for functional groups, morphology, surface, elements and thermal stability. Benzaldehyde, aniline, and their derivatives such as 4-methyl benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde, 4-methoxy benzaldehyde, and 4-methoxy aniline have been used to compare the efficacy of the Schiff base reaction using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and it has been observed that combination of Aniline and benzaldehyde for Schiff base reaction provided 85% yield of relative product.

Synthesis and identification of benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-one derivatives and testing of antibacterial activity of some of them

Schiff bases (M1-M9) were prepared from a reaction of 4,4-methylenedianiline (MDA) 4,4-Methylenedianiline with aldehydes (2-bromobenzaldehyde, 2-chlorobenzaldehyde, benzaldehyde and 4-methoxy benzaldehyde) were prepared by microwave irradiation. Schiff bases (M10-M18) were reacted Prepared in the previous paragraph with salicylic acid to prepare 4,3-dihydro-1,3 -oxazine-4-one derivatives by microwave method. Nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy, as well as physical changes such as melting points and color change, were used to diagnose the produced compounds. Some of the prepared compounds were tested against two types of bacterial isolates, Staphylococcus aureus gram-positive and Klebsiella pneumonia gram-negative. The results showed the antibacterial activity of these compounds, at different concentrations (5,10,15) mg/ml against this bacterium compared with antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Some compounds, including the compound M5, showed good activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and some were moderately effective against Klebsiella pneumonia.

The p-Anisaldehyde/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes as a sustained release agent: Characterization, storage stability, antibacterial and antioxidant activity

In order to develop a biodegradable agent for food preservation, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexes containing p-Anisaldehyde (PAA) were prepared using co-precipitation method. Physical properties including moisture content, bulk density, hygroscopicity, entrapment efficiency and loading capacity of the inclusion complexes showed considerable results for food applications. SEM and particle size test showed notably difference between the prepared inclusion complexes and the other formulations including the raw β-CD, physical mixture, and the recrystallized β-CD in both shape and size distribution. FTIR, XRD, TGA and DTA were also carried out and confirmed the formation of inclusion complexes and inhibition of the volatility of encapsulated PAA. As a potential preservation agent, inclusion complexes demonstrated a sustained released behavior in phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Comparing with pure PAA, the inclusion complexes presented a better storage stability in low humidity environment, a higher antioxidant activity, and equal MICs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

High-efficiency activation of the C–H bond to synthesize p-methoxy benzaldehyde over a MnO2/CNT/Gr catalyst

The selective oxidation of C(sp3)–H was achieved by the MnO2/CNTs/Gr electrocatalyst: 81.03% faradaic efficiency and 82.73% selectivity of p-methoxy benzaldehyde were obtained.

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of 4-(4-Bromo-1-Hydroxy Naphthalen-2-Yl)-6-(4-Methoxy Phenyl)-5,6-Dihydropyrimidine-2(1h)-One

1-(4- Bromo -1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-ethan-1-one was prepared by refluxing 4- bromonaphthalen-1-ol with glacial acetic acid in presence of fused ZnCl2. By condensing 1-(4- bromo -1-hydroxynaphthalen-2- yl)-ethan-1-ones with 4- methoxy benzaldehyde, to prepared by 1-(4- bromo -1- hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-3-(4-methoxy phenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one were synthesized.1-(4- bromo -1- hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-3-(4-methoxy phenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one, urea and concentrated HCl in DMF were added and refluxed. Cool and pour in crushed ice. Treat it with cold NH4OH solution to obtain titled compounds. The compounds thus synthesized have been characterized by physical and spectral data. All of these titled synthesized compounds have been screened for antimicrobial study and are found to possess excellent antimicrobial activities.

Synthesis and characterization of copolymer Poly [(Thiophene-2, 5-diyl)-co-para methoxy benzylidene] doped with Cobalt acetate using Oxidative polymerization

A one pot oxidative polymerization technique is used to synthesize copolymer Poly [(thiophene-2, 5-diyl)-copara methoxy benzylidene]. In this technique we used catalyst POCl3 and 1, 4 dioxane solvent for copolymerization of para methoxy benzaldehyde with thiophene. One pot method takes around 24 hours. Doped copolymer was synthesized in presence of 0.2gm cobalt acetate. Catalyst is removed using ammonia. Products are obtained using menthol. UV–Vis, FTIR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, BET and TGA are used to analyze physical properties of undoped and doped copolymers. The polycrystalline phase is confirmed using structural analysis. Interconnected nonoporous structure is indicated by surface morphology. The nano crystalline sizes of undoped and doped forms are 44 nm and 55 nm respectively. The surface area changed due to cobalt doping of copolymer from 3000 to 47900cm2/g. Both copolymers are thermally stable up to 280oC confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis. Optical absorption studies proved that band gap changed from 2.93 to 2.83 eV after doping and two-probe method was used to calculate conductivity values as 1.34 x 10-9to 7.54 x 10-8 S/cm for undoped and doped copolymers. Both undoped and doped copolymers have several uses like semiconducting material and energy storage in the field of conducting polymers.