Outdoor Sportswear Research Articles

Thiol-ene click chemistry reaction for preparing superhydrophobic polyamide fabric with self-cleaning, UV-blocking, photothermal conversion and antibacterial properties

Polyphenols have been utilized to connect hydrophobic modifiers with certain substrates because of their adhesive properties and multiple active groups in their structure. Nevertheless, research is scarce regarding using polyphenols to enhance the superhydrophobic properties of polyamide. In this study, a plant-derived phenolic compound, p-coumaric acid (pCA), was chelated with Fe3+ and deposited on the polyamide 66 (PA66) surface to increase its roughness. Subsequently, octadecanethiol was grafted onto pCA using a thiol-ene click chemistry reaction to create a superhydrophobic modified PA66 fabric (pCA-Fe-SH-PA66) with a static water contact angle (CA) of 154.4° and a sliding angle (SA) of 2°. The resulting pCA-Fe-SH-PA66 demonstrated excellent capabilities in self-cleaning, UV-blocking, photothermal conversion, and oil-water separation. Furthermore, pCA-Fe-SH-PA66 exhibited remarkable antibacterial ability, displaying inhibitory rates of 97.00% against E. coli and 96.15% against S. aureus, respectively. Additionally, it demonstrated noteworthy stability in a series of tests, encompassing 225 min of washing, 1000 cycles of abrasion, 48 h of UV light aging, 48 h of acid/base solution, seawater, and organic reagents immersion. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that three additional plant-derived phenolic compounds, namely 3-hydroxycinnamic acid (HA), polyatin (PD), and 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxycinnamic acid (HDA), can also be effectively utilized for the multifunctional modification of PA66 fabric. The proposed modification method is mild, fast, and simple, offering a novel approach to the multifunctional modification of synthetic materials. The modified PA66 fabric holds potential in applications such as oily wastewater treatment, outdoor sportswear, tents, and other fields.

Sustainable Footwear in Outdoor Sportswear Industries: An Effect of Recycled Fabric Configuration on a Thermal Sensation Model in the Foot

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of recycled fabrics (i.e., denim and hemp) on a thermal sensation model in the foot from the perspectives of fabric thermal properties and thermal sensation. The thermal and evaporative resistance of a two-layered material configuration, including recycled denim fabric and hemp fabric (recycled DH fabric), were compared with commercial calf-skin and pig-skin leathers (CP leather). For potential outdoor shoes, the thermal sensation model in the foot was proposed to predict thermal sensation with different fabrics in real time based on environmental conditions and fabric properties. The results showed that there were no significant differences between thermal insulation and evaporative resistance among the five different thicknesses of recycled DH fabrics. The thermal sensation model in the foot in the fabrics ranged from -0.7 (slightly cool) to 0.5 (slightly warm) in the case studied (25ºC, 45% relative humidity, and 0.5 m/s of air velocity). A similar thermal sensation among the recycled DH fabrics was observed with a maximum difference at the thermal sensation of 0.04. Therefore, the thermal sensation model in the foot of wearers wearing recycled DH fabrics and sustainable denim shoes is practically comparable to the thermal sensation of commercial shoes. This study can be used to provide fundamental knowledge regarding recycled material testing for developing outdoor sustainable products including footwear and clothing in sportswear industries.

Market Analysis of Chinese Outdoor Sportswear Industry Based on the Paradigm of "Structure-Behavior-Performance"

Based on the research context of SCP paradigm, this paper first clearly defines the category of outdoor sportswear industry according to the "Statistical Classification of National Sports Industry" and analyzes the current situation of China's outdoor sportswear industry market. Secondly, SCP paradigm is adopted to analyze the market structure, behavior and performance of China's outdoor sportswear industry in detail, and it is found that China's outdoor sportswear industry is a competitive type of market structure. Then it discusses the pricing, discount, promotion and other price behaviors of enterprises in the market. The influence of non-price behaviors mainly in advertising, sponsorship and organizational adjustment mainly in MERGER and acquisition on market concentration and product differentiation. In the end, the market performance of outdoor sportswear industry, such as overall profit decline, productivity and technical level improvement and industrial structure optimization and upgrading, is expounded.

Analysis of Technical Pattern and Product Characteristics of Global Outdoor Sportswear

Analysis of Technical Pattern and Product Characteristics of Global Outdoor Sportswear

Flexible, portable and heatable non-woven fabric with directional moisture transport functions and ultra-fast evaporation.

Compared with previous textiles possessing a hierarchical roughness structure for accelerating moisture evaporation, the use of Joule-heating to prepare heatable textiles is a more novel and useful way to achieve ultra-fast evaporation. Herein, we report an assembly strategy to create a functional non-woven (NW) fabric for directional moisture transportation and ultra-fast evaporation, ameliorating previous shortcomings. The resulting functional NW fabric reaches a sheet resistance of 1.116 Ω □−1, and the increased surface temperature (76.1 °C) induced by a low voltage (5 V) further results in an excellent ultra-fast evaporation rate (3.42 g h−1). Also, the moisture is transported to the outer surface of the designed fabric and spreads onto this surface. This desirable property can expand the contact area between sweat and the heatable fabric, further improving the evaporation efficiency, while maintaining the dry state of human skin. Generally, this functional textile with remarkable moisture management capabilities could be applied in winter outdoor sportswear to maintain human comfort.

야간 작업자를 위한 에너지 하베스팅 기반 안전의복 개발

The purpose of this study is to illustrate the design of safety suits based on energy-harvesting technology, particularly targeting street cleaners who must work at night with high mobility. The design focuses on applying lightweight energyharvesting tools and illuminant into the wear. The design development reflects feedback from testers collected via survey constituting a key methodology. The development process has two main stages. Each stage uses a process of design prototyping, internal examination, test sampling, test wearing, and wearers’ feedback via survey that consists of questions on visibility, wearing convenience, and washability. The first stage results show the design of safety suits with energy-harvested LED illuminant inserted and the survey results collected from street cleaners dressed in 4 sample and 80 actual suits in total. Improved based on the first-stage survey results, the second stage designs the suits with detachable energy-harvested EL tape. From these 5 sample and 30 actual second-stage suits, the additional survey indicates that this second-stage design facilitates more visibility and convenience in washing and wearing than the first-stage design. Accordingly, one can expect that this new design can apply not only to safety suits for night workers but also to handicapped or outdoor sportswear applications in the future.

Thermal insulation and morphology of natural and synthetic filled outdoor sportswear by repeated water washing and dry cleaning

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the thermal insulation and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) according to the type of the filling material, and compared the thermal insulation in the dynamic state considering actual wearing conditions.Design/methodology/approachThe thermal insulation and WVTR were evaluated in a standard state depending on the type of filling material (goose down (GD), duck down (DD), Thinsulate700 (T700), Thinsulate600 (T600) and Polyester (PET)), and the changes in thermal insulation were examined by measuring the microclimate in the case of an environmental change from a high temperature to a low temperature. In addition, the clumping of filling material and the changes in the thickness/weight depending on the laundry process were observed, and the relationships with the thermal insulation were analyzed.FindingsThe results showed that for natural filling materials (GD and DD), the thermal insulation deteriorated significantly due to changes in the thickness/weight after laundering ten times, and water washing was more appropriate than the dry cleaning. On the other hand, the artificial filling materials (T700, T600 and PET) showed a relatively smaller difference, except for clumping, when they went through more dry cleaning or water washing cycles compared to the natural filling materials.Originality/valueThe results showed that the laundry methods have different effects on the damage to the filling material, the change in thermal insulation, and the change in the comfort-related physical property. Therefore, it is important to select the optimal laundry method depending on the filling material.

액티브 시니어들의 아웃도어스포츠웨어 선택속성 대한 중요도 및 만족도 분석

The purpose of this study was to verify the importance and satisfaction of active senior choice attributes for positioning strategies of outdoor sportswear using Importance-Performance Analysis. In order to achieve this objective, samples were taken by using convenience sampling method among non-probability sampling methods. Total 349 data were collected in this study except data which did not respond or trustlessly responded. In data processing, via SPSS version 20.0 for window, exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach

Middle-aged male consumers’ outdoor sportswear purchase behavior of according to shopping orientation

Middle-aged male consumers’ outdoor sportswear purchase behavior of according to shopping orientation

Investigation on hydrostatic resistance and thermal performance of layered waterproof breathable fabrics

Waterproof breathable layered fabrics allow water vapor passing through, but resist liquid water to pass. This ability of the fabrics to protect rain and snow water while allowing sweat vapor to evaporate from inside to outside atmosphere, leads them to be used as outdoor sportswear or protective clothing. The big challenge of enhanced hydrostatic resistance of these fabrics with proper breathability and thermal comfort has widened the research scope. This study presents an experimental investigation on hydrostatic resistance and thermal behavior of layered waterproof breathable fabrics. Six different types of hydrophobic and hydrophilic membrane laminated layered fabrics were evaluated by varying different fabric parameters in the experiment. Hydrostatic resistance and water vapor permeability of the laminated fabrics were measured by SDL ATLAS Hydrostatic Head Tester and PERMETEST respectively. Thermal properties were evaluated by ALAMBETA instrument. Moreover, FX-3300 air permeability tester was used to measure air permeability which represents the porosity of the fabrics and computer based See System software was used for water contact angle measurement on the outer fabric surface in order to determine the hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties. This experiment clearly discusses the influence of different fabric characteristics and parameters on hydrostatic resistance and thermal properties of the breathable laminated fabrics. The results show that fabric material composition, density, thickness, and hydrophobic and hydrophilic membranes have significant effects on hydrostatic resistance, breathability and thermal properties of different laminated fabrics.

A Product Line Analysis for Eco-Designed Fashion Products: Evidence from an Outdoor Sportswear Brand

With the increasing awareness of sustainability, eco-design has been an important trend in the fashion industry. Many fashion brands such as Nike, Adidas, and The North Face have developed sustainable fashion by incorporating eco-design elements. Eco-design is an important part of sustainable supply chains. In this paper, we conducted a product line analysis of eco-designed products from a famous outdoor sportswear brand, Patagonia. We collected Patagonia’s 2017 Spring Season product line data and analyzed the data through descriptive analysis, factor analysis and correlation analysis. We found that Patagonia mainly uses organic, recycled, and traceable materials in their eco-product line development. We identified that the usage of eco-materials may significantly affect the number of color choices and product weight as well as gender difference, pattern design, product fit and online reviewers’ opinions at Patagonia. We argued that Patagonia should focus on functionality more than aesthetics in eco-design. We discussed how sustainable fashion firms should manage eco-design in the supply chain.

아웃도어 스포츠웨어 기업의 기업능력 및 기업사회적책임활동 연상이 브랜드충성도에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among corporate ability and corporate social responsibility association, brand trust, corporate identification, corporate loyalty and brand loyalty of outdoor sportswear corporate. 475 customer were selected to achieve this purpose using convenient sampling method and self-administration method. For the data, SPSSWIN Ver. 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 were used and after verifying the suitability of a model, each theoretical situation was confirmed. The empirical analysis concludes as follows. First, corporate ability and corporate social responsibility association, had significant influence on brand trust. Second, corporate social responsibility association had significant influence on corporate identification. Third, brand trust had significant influence on brand loyalty. Fourth, corporate identification had significant influence on corporate loyalty. Fifth, corporate loyalty had significant influence on brand loyalty.

SNS 소셜 빅데이터를 이용한 아웃도어 스포츠의류 브랜드 현황 분석에 관한 연구

This study aims to understand consumers’ needs and provide preliminary data capable of providing products or service differentiated from competitors by analyzing SNS social big data on outdoor sportswear. For the foregoing, this study selected Kolon Sports, North Face, Black Yak, Eider and Nepa as subjects of research, and produced the following conclusions by analyzing the frequency of mention, associated words and positive/negative associated words on the SNS(twitter, blog) through the Social MaxtixTM service of Daum Soft Inc. for a period of one month from November 29 to December 29, 2016. First, the brand which was mentioned the most on the SNS out of outdoor sportswear brands was Kolon Sports as 3,445 cases on twitter and 156 on blog. Second, the word shown associated the most with outdoor sportswear brand was Attribute showing unique characteristics of outdoor sportswear, which was total 23,376 cases, and Third, as for positive/negative associated words on outdoor sportswear brands, results show that total 2,494 cases were associated with positive words.

Effects of Social Media on Generation Y Consumers’ Brand Knowledge of Eco-friendly Outdoor Sportswear

Effects of Social Media on Generation Y Consumers’ Brand Knowledge of Eco-friendly Outdoor Sportswear

아웃도어 스포츠 의류 브랜드 개성과 자아이미지 일치성이 브랜드 태도와 브랜드 애착에 미치는 영향

아웃도어 스포츠 의류 브랜드 개성과 자아이미지 일치성이 브랜드 태도와 브랜드 애착에 미치는 영향

Thermal inter-fiber adhesion of the polyacrylonitrile/fluorinated polyurethane nanofibrous membranes with enhanced waterproof-breathable performance

Abstract Macroporous membranes with robust waterproofness, breathability and mechanical properties have attracted a great deal of attention. However, great challenges still remained in developing an effective and cost-efficient method to fabricate such materials. In this study, polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/fluorinated polyurethane (FPU) nanofibrous composite membranes with enhanced waterproof and breathable performance were fabricated by combination of electrospinning and heat post-treatment. The introduction of FPU enriched the nanofibrous membranes with superhydrophobic surface with water contact angle of 151°, optimized pore size and porosity. Moreover, the relationship among hydrostatic pressure, pore structure and surface wettability has proven to be in accordance with Young–Laplace equation. By employing the heat post-treatment, the pristine PAN/FPU composite membranes were endowed with physically adhesion structure, thereby significantly improved the waterproof-breathable performance as well as the mechanical property. Owing to these effects, the resulting thermal treated PAN/FPU composite membranes exhibited the integrated properties of high hydrostatic pressure (114.6 kPa), water vapor transmission rate (10.1 kg m −2 d −1 ) and good tensile strength (9.4 MPa). Furthermore, the reinforced PAN/FPU nanofibrous composite membranes have great potential to be used as functional materials for fabricating separation media, filter, outdoor sportswear, chemical protective clothing, and army combat uniforms.

Breathability Enhancement of Electrospun Microfibrous Polyurethane Membranes through Pore Size Control for Outdoor Sportswear Fabric

Breathability Enhancement of Electrospun Microfibrous Polyurethane Membranes through Pore Size Control for Outdoor Sportswear Fabric

Verification on the Mediating Effect of Brand Identity in Relation to the Relationship between Factors in Choosing Outdoor Sportswear and the Satisfaction Level of Purchases

Verification on the Mediating Effect of Brand Identity in Relation to the Relationship between Factors in Choosing Outdoor Sportswear and the Satisfaction Level of Purchases

나노 TiO2와 나노 은의 광증착을 이용한 폴리우레탄 멤브레인의 항균성 부여 연구

Polyurethane membrane was chosen as an alternate for Gore-Tex used in outdoor sportswear. Antimicrobial property was induced by dispersing titanium dioxide () particles on the surface of the membrane via sonication. Furthermore, Ag particle was photodeposited on the particles via UV irradiation to enhance the photocatalytic activity. Measurements using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed that and Ag particles were evenly deposited on the membrane. In addition, the antimicrobial property against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus was validated using the shake flask method and clear zone method.

아웃도어 스포츠의류의 원산지정보 효과 분석

The purpose of this study was to examine that was find out effect analysis of country of orihin in outdoor sportswear. To achieve the purpose of this study, 623 were selected using customer for the analysis university students in 2011-2012 ski(board) of Seoul and Pusan were selected by using a convenience sampling method. The results are as followed. First, the country of manufacture had effect consumers` quality perception and purchase intention. The country of brand had effect consumers` quality perception, while others had not effect purchase intention. Second, the interaction between country of manufacture and country of brand had not ef-fect consumers` quality perception and purchase intention(After controlling brand awareness and brand pref-erence). Lastly, the interaction between country of manufacture and country of brand in high ethnocentrism product had not effect consumers` quality perception and purchase intention. These results will be used as the important data of sports industry. The purpose of study will give to good message of management strategies to the outdoor sportswear company. Futhermore, will help to enable the domestic sports market.