Original Concept Research Articles

The evolution of ideas about vegetarianism in British literature in the Late 18th – Early 19th Century (a case of ‘An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty’ by J. Ritson, ‘Queen Mab’ and ‘A Vindication of Natural Diet’ by P.B. Shelley)

The article examines the literary representation of the topic of vegetarianism in the works of British writers in the Late 18th – Early 19th Century. English sugar merchant, author of popular self-help books Thomas Tryon was one of the first to propose the concept of vegetarianism, which was new to his contemporaries. His works, like those of his followers, inspired Joseph Ritson and Percy Bysshe Shelley. Joseph Ritson in his essay ‘An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty’ (1802) summarizes the experience of his predecessors and proposes an original concept of vegetarianism, close to the romantic philosophy. P. B. Shelley used Ritson's ideas in his philosophical poem ‘Queen Mab’ (1813) and his essay ‘A Vindication of Natural Diet’ (1813). The article presents the results of a productive dialogue between intellectuals of the Enlightenment (such as T. Tryon and G. Cheyne) and J. Ritson. This influenced the further development of the philosophy of vegetarianism in European culture. Thus, the poet of the romantic era P.B. Shelley, inspired by Ritson's essay, rethought his ideas in his own way and presented them in his works.

Empowering Sustainability: The Promise of Energy Harvesting from Wheel Motion (Experiment and simulation)

The evident rise in the demand for durable and environmentally friendly power solutions in the future has spurred the advancement of inventive energy harvesting architectures, specifically emphasizing renewable sources such as wind and solar power. This study aims to make a valuable contribution to the field of energy harvesting by introducing an original concept: the utilization of energy generated from wheel motion. The proposed method involves strategically positioning magnets and copper coils inside the hubcap's spoke. As the wheel rotates, the magnets' movement induces a winding action within the coils. This dynamic interaction, in accordance with Faraday's Law, generates an electric current within the coil. To assess the effectiveness of this approach, a meticulously designed experimental setup was implemented, measuring the output voltage of the electromagnetics. These measurements provide significant insights into the energy harvesting potential of this method. Furthermore, to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the findings, a numerical simulation was conducted, enabling a comprehensive analysis and validation of the experimental results. By exploring the concept of wheel motion energy harvesting, this research strives to contribute to the development of sustainable and efficient power generation solutions. The integration of electromagnetic principles into this innovative approach highlights the viability of utilizing wheel motion as a practical energy source. These findings pave the way for further advancements in energy harvesting technologies, fostering a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future.

Mutual Aid and Technology in the Time of Covid

The pandemic afforded us a tiny glimpse of our interconnectedness to each other and to the planetary ecosystem. This article explores the mutual aid groups that emerged during the Covid-19 pandemic and the technologies that facilitated their proliferation in relation to Kropotkin's ideas. Although Covid Mutual Aid Groups (CMAGs) themselves have mostly disappeared as the acute crisis of the pandemic has faded, it is still unclear what, if anything, the political implications of this emergence of mutual aid might be, or if it might contribute to any kind of paradigm shift. This article examines the intersections between organisation and media in relation to the CMAGs, and, focusing on the UK context, reviews the original concept of mutual aid as conceived by Kropotkin, his ideas on technology, and his vision of a future of plenty for all. Borrowing from Cultural Studies, it maps some of the complexities of struggles of power and difference to trace what might be vying to emerge. It argues that a new common sense centred around 'social Kropotkinism' could be a way to develop what has been left of the CMAG's activities.

Models of the Self: The Potential for Developing and Enhancing of Subjectness of Self

The paper presents a distinctive experience of dialogue between two researchers that is comprised of the creative synthesis of their original concepts of Subjectness of Self and ways of enhancing it. Here, the dialogical interaction of scientists is manifested not in academic controversy, but in “integrating”, or connecting, the researchers’ concepts related to a common study object and providing profound insight into this object that is unattainable outside of dialogue. The problems solved by the researchers are associated, firstly, with a new reflection on their relevant research; secondly, with the development of the scientific theory of the Self of Personality; thirdly, with substantiating the possibility of achieving “creative consistency”, or “creative partnership” in theoretical research; and, fourthly, with demonstrating the significance of scientific dialogue in psychology of personality as the art of aligning researchers’ standpoints for the benefit of human cognition. The purpose and original result of the dialogical integration of the presented concepts was deeper and more expanded knowledge about the structure of Self the Subject, about the properties of the Self that determine its subjectness, about the Unknown Self and the active attitude of the personality towards it, about self-identity of the Self and ways to achieve it, and about the self-causality of the Self and methods of its empirical research. The method of conceptual analysis and synthesis, the method of hermeneutics, and reflexive and phenomenological methods were applied for searching, operating and revealing knowledge about the Self and its subjectness. The dialogue was within the space of general personology, a trend in the study of personality that was founded by the researchers. It presupposes the unity of cultural-hermeneutic, theoreticalempirical, practical and self-positing approaches in research, counseling and psychotherapy of personality. The dialogue has resulted in the development of a new field of science, personology of Self. The paper contains the voices of both the authors and all those who have inspired their views and ideas.

Formation Practices for the Russian People’s Ethno-Cultural Identity: from the Emergence of the Russian Tradition and Statehood to Modern Falsifications

The historical approach to the formation of the origin concept for the Old Russian state and the ethno-cultural history of the Russian people allows for fervent discussions. They can be resolved by a culturological approach and the understanding of the cultureforming role of Orthodoxy as a key factor in the formation, preservation and transmission of the folk tradition through many centuries. Since the very emergence of the Russian land, the Orthodox tradition has been preserving the continuous transmission of values, worldview, and attitudes to many phenomena of the cultural life of the Russian population. However, after Peter the Great, and even more after the Soviet period marked by controlled destruction and substitution of the tradition, one can talk about the crisis of the Russian identity and the search for the living tradition and its place in contemporary life. In modern Russia, three approaches to the replication of the folk tradition can be observed. The fi rst one is conditioned by the activity of cultural institutions and dates back to the Soviet period of the Russian tradition destruction and the formation of the new Soviet people’s identity. The second one is implemented through the activity of the youth folklore movement of “practicing folklorists” who are guided by the materials of folklorist and ethnographic research and fi eld data. The third one is represented by an alternative identity formed through the practices of neo-pagan associations and the activity of organizers of holidays, festivities, and seminars who share this worldview. The latter approach is characterized by the rejection of the Christian bases and content of folk festivals that have survived till present in the research data. Maslenitsa and Kupala have always been Christian holidays and have been perceived as such among those with a Christian worldview. However, representatives of the third approach deny this, going to obvious falsifi cations and forgeries. Their worldview leads not only to the distortion of the value bases of Russian ethno-cultural tradition, but also to an anti-state ideology.

РЕФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССА ЗАЩИТЫ ДИССЕРТАЦИЙ В ЮРИДИЧЕСКОЙ НАУКЕ КАК ИМПЕРАТИВ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРАВОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ УЗБЕКИСТАНА

This article is devoted to the topical issues of reforming the system of preparation and defense of dissertations on legal sciences in Uzbekistan. On the basis of the analysis of the current state of dissertation activity in the legal sphere, the necessity of its improvement is substantiated in order to ensure further progressive development of the national legal system. The article identifies a number of systemic problems that reduce the quality and practical value of legal dissertations. They include a high level of borrowing, a lack of novelty in the obtained results, and a weak focus on the solution of urgent problems in legal regulation. The article proposes a set of measures to reform the dissertation defense process. In particular, improved dissertation structures have been developed taking into account the level of training, including the mandatory development of original theoretical concepts and drafts of normative legal acts. It is expected that the implementation of the proposed measures will significantly improve the quality of dissertation research in the legal sphere, the level of training of scientific and legal personnel, as well as the implementation of the results in law-making activities. The reform of the dissertation defense system will contribute to the activation of scientific activity and the improvement of legal regulation in accordance with the priorities of Uzbekistan’s development. The conclusion emphasizes that the modernization of approaches to the organization of dissertation research is an objective imperative for the development of legal science and the entire legal system of the country. The pace of legal, social, and economic progress in Uzbekistan depends on the quality of the training of highly qualified scientific personnel.

Behavioral capital: gaming and monetization in post-marxist perspective

Abstract The most successful games today do not use a pay-for-product model, but involve complex and aggressive modes of monetizing their content (downloadable content, skins, in game currencies and markets, seasonal passes, etc.). While this has already been scrutinized, there are further consequences for games themselves and the economization of play. In my paper, I show how this strategy creates a conceptually novel situation, where playing can be considered to constitute reproductive labor-power and behavioral capital. In other words, playing here represents not only consumption but also the very production of such consumption, insofar as the main reason behind the massive success of these games is precisely their massive pool of players and data concerning their activity. Firstly, I analyse PUBG: Battlegrounds as an example of the most successful model of monetizing games and maintaining a large number of players and interaction. I focus both on the economic incentives as well as on the gameplay that is generated or tailored towards aggressive monetization. Later, I set a theoretical context for my analysis stemming from ludocapitalist discourse (itself combining Marx with poststructuralism) and the concept of surveillance capitalism. I conclude my text with a systematization and definition of my original concept of behavioral capital and an attempt to formulate art critique and usage of games as a form of cultural production exposing several examples from contemporary art.

THE CONCEPT OF CREATION BY L. P. KARSAVIN IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITION OF EXPLAINING THE ORIGIN OF THE WORLD

This article shows the features of the creation concept of L. P. Karsavin in the historical and philosophical context. In particular, the author correlates Karsavin’s understanding of the origin of the world with creationism, dualism and pantheism. The Russian philosopher developed an original concept that belongs to a particular philosophical tradition presented in some gnostic texts and the writings of Nicholas of Cusa. The dynamic understanding of creation as self-limitation of the Absolute in the sphere of nothingness uniquely solves the universal problem of the metaphysics of unity.

VALIDATION OF THE KURDISH LANGUAGE VERSION OF THE STANDARDIZED COSMESIS AND NASAL OUTCOMES SURVEY (SCHNOS), APPLICATION FOR SEPTORHINOPLASTY HEALTH

Background The Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) questionnaire is a recent tool for evaluating patient satisfaction in both functional and cosmetic components of rhinoplasty. It is a reliable, steady, and corroborated patient-reported outcome measure that is not available in Kurdish.
 Objectives To evaluate the application of the Kurdish version of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) scale for Septorhinoplasty surgery and research.
 Materials and Methodsconducted four centre studies to validate The Kurdish version of the scale We adhered to a strict translation procedure, including a forward and back translation and reconciliation interviews, to ensure the original content and concepts were preserved compared for patients and control groups and tailored to the demographic the instrument was intended for.
 Resultsshowed that the Kurdish version of the SCHNOS was conceptually comparable to the original English version and demonstrated high internal consistency for nasal function as an aesthetic postoperative outcome. The Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated a weak to moderate correlation between the different items, indicating that the different items measure somewhat distinct aspects of nasal function and appearance. However, the high Cronbach’s alpha values suggested that the different items measure similar aspects of nasal function and appearance and can be considered a reliable scale for assessing SCHNOSE.The results of the paired samples t-test showed significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative obstructive and aesthetic SCHNOSE scores, indicating that the observed differences are likely to be real and not simply due to random variation in the data.
 ConclusionThe Kurdish form of the SCHNOS demonstrates virtuous reliability and validity, coherent with the original version. Thus, it can be used as a validated questionnaire for outcome measurements for rhinoplasty. This version should be recommended to evaluate both functional and cosmetic outcomes in daily practice and rhinoplasty-related examinations.

Vacuum representations of blackbody radiation

We present and discuss two exact, but perhaps unfamiliar, representations of thermal radiation. The first has the form of a superposition of the quantum vacuum and a stochastic classical field and the second is the pure-state thermofield representation introduced by Takahashi and Umezawa. It is interesting that the former is, essentially, the opposite of Planck’s original conception of blackbody radiation.

A Review on Data Lake

One of the contentious ideas to emerge in the big data era. The original concept for Data Lake originated in the business sphere rather than the academic one. Due to its revolutionary features and recent development, Data Lake faces a variety of adoption problems. However, Because data lakes have the ability to alter the data environment, it is worthwhile to conduct research on them

The Cultural Landscape of Rural Cemeteries on the Polish–Czech Borderlands: Multi-Faceted Visual Analysis as an Element of Tourism Potential Assessment

This article presents the tourism potential of the Polish–Czech borderlands (Klodzko Land, Lower Silesia, Poland), in which historical sacred sites, namely cemeteries and churches, play a significant role. An analysis of the most important features of sacred sites was carried out to present the diversity of the architectural richness of the region. At the same time, attention was paid to additional elements, such as their visual aspects and their impact on shaping space. The research is based on the sacred sites located on the Polish–Czech borderland. As part of the work, an analysis of historical, natural, and landscape conditions was performed along with the spatial layout of 106 cemeteries. During the field research, inventories of landscape and natural values were carried out. The assessment of landscape value was carried out using an original concept to enable an indication of site’s tourism potential on the basis of visual aspects of its space. The article and the research methods contained within concern interdisciplinary research combining architecture, landscape architecture, socio-economic geography, and tourism.

Associations between maternal chronic diseases and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in offspring: a population-based cohort study.

The relationship between maternal chronic diseases and congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) in offspring still needs elucidation. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the associations between maternal chronic disease and CAKUT in their offspring. Data of mothers and children were extracted from the Taiwan Maternal and Child Health Database and National Health Insurance Research Database. The concept of developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) was used to select maternal chronic diseases. The study cohort included 1196175 mothers and 1628706 offspring. Analysis showed that maternal chronic diseases, especially type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, connective tissue disorders and CAKUT were highly associated with CAKUT in the offspring. Higher maternal age, abnormal birthweight (>3500g or <2500g), gestational age <36weeks and birth order <2 were all associated with a higher risk of CAKUT. Maternal chronic hypertension and taking angiotensin-related drugs increased the odds ratios of obstructive kidney disease in the offspring. Offspring tended to have the same type of CAKUT as their mothers. Maternal chronic diseases, older maternal age and abnormal birthweight are risk factors for CAKUT. Also, a percentage of patients with CAKUT were not full-term newborns. Results support prenatal counselling and health management of pregnant women with chronic diseases and extra care for infants with a high risk of anomalies. It is strongly recommended that prevention of CAKUT in offspring should start with care of the mothers' prenatal chronic diseases.

Creating the baseline: data relations and frictions of UK City of Culture evaluation

PurposeSocioeconomic aims and impacts are an explicit part of the UK City of Culture (UKCoC) application, bidding, delivery and evaluation stages. This article engages with existing debates on evaluating cities of culture and introduces perspectives from critical data studies to examine the collection and analysis of different data for the purposes of the CoC application and evaluation processes.Design/methodology/approachThe meta-methodological concept of accompanying researcher is used to analyse the experiences of researchers based within a city bidding for UKCoC 2025 in dialogue with the evaluation reports from past UKCoC host cities.FindingsFindings are analysed under three themes: defining data morsels; local histories and infrastructures of data generation and sharing; and resources, capacities and expertise for data generation and evaluation. The discussion examines data still to be generated and/or brought into relation; tensions around data and measurement; and how constructing an evaluation baseline is generative—creating new organisations, relationships and practices.Practical implicationsThe conceptual and methodological approach and empirical findings will be relevant for academic, policymakers and practitioners engaging with cultural evaluation.Originality/valueIn focussing on the bidding stage in real time through the accompanying researcher position, this article presents original empirical insights into the process of creating a baseline for cities of culture evaluation. The conceptual originality of this article is in using critical data studies to explain strategies of data generation and analyse data relations and frictions.

The relationship teased between the science of the principles of jurisprudence Usul al-Fiqh and principles of interpretation Usul al-Tafsir

The relationship teased between the science of the principles of jurisprudence Usul al-Fiqh and principles of interpretation Usul al-Tafsir

ЭПИСТОЛЯРЛЫҚ ТІЛДІК ТҰЛҒА: КАТЕГОРИЯЛЫҚ ЖӘНЕ ТИПОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ ЕРЕКШЕЛІК

The article deals with issues related to the term-status of the phrase «epistolary linguistic personality», which is used in linguistic research in recent years. The original concepts of scientists in the study of the phenomenon of linguistic personality are compared, including various criteria taken into account in the typology of linguistic personality, their views on the grouping of linguistic personality in relation to the fields of linguistic science. The analysis of linguistic and extralinguistic factors taken into account when considering ETT, the image of the author within the framework of epistolary communication and the features of his linguistic expression in the text is carried out. Based on the definition given by A.V. Kuryanovich of the epistolary linguistic personality, categorical and typological features of the epistolary linguistic personality are determined. The material for the analysis was the letters of the national hero, writer Bauyrzhan Momyshuly to M.Gabdullin, M.Auezov, M.Abdikhalykov.

Stage Unity of D. Lider’s Plastic Concept of Scenography and S. Danchenko’s Theatre Direction

The purpose of the study is to highlight the stage unity of the plastic concept of D. Lider’s scenography and S. Danchenko’s theatre direction, to characterise the original concept of the image of the performances, their uniqueness of artistic solution. The research methodology is to apply the functional and typological method to consider the scenographic activity of D. Lider as an innovative form of artistic creativity in the context of the formation and development of the direction of effective scenography, as well as to assess its significance in the development of scenographic vocabulary of the Ivan Franko National Academic Drama Theatre. The art method is used to analyse the scenographic solution of the performances directed by S. Danchenko and to identify the main conditions and principles of scenographic solutions, compositional techniques and components of D. Lider’s scenography, as well as to determine their influence on the artistic image of the productions. An axiomatic method helped consider Danylo ider's worldview prerogatives in the context of the peculiarities of the formation of his philosophy and artistic and aesthetic position as a master of effective scenography. The novelty of the study. The article comprehensively examines the stage unity of the plastic concept of D. Lider’s scenography and S. Danchenko’s theatre direction in the context of the formation and development of the scenography of the Ivan Franko National Academic Drama Theatre. Conclusions. As a philosopher of theatre, D. Lider’s scenography is not guided by any prescribed rules, and it is impossible to judge it by means of a defining judgment, by imposing certain already known categories on his scenographic vocabulary. The scenery created by the master testifies to an innovative form of the sublime that allows for the acquisition of creative energy – D. Leader sought to overcome the dictates of sensual perception of reality in order to reflect the essential, hidden characteristics of existence. The associative connection and drawing parallels between the actual problems of the present and the problems of a literary work as the basis for deep philosophical and aesthetic reflections introduced by D. Lider is the basis of Ukrainian stage art of the twenty-first century.&#x0D; Key words: Danylo Lider, Serhii Danchenko, director, theatre, scenography.

40 YEARS OF FLEXIBLE SCOUR APRONS: ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC COAST CASE HISTORIES

Flexible scour apron mats are sometimes used where seawalls are ‘floating’ in the beach, where firm rock foundations are out of economic reach. This paper reviews the use of flexible scour aprons for the toe protection of seawalls and revetments, based on some 20 to 40 years exposure at sites in NSW, Australia and in Cubut, Argentina. It contains examples of simple and compound revetments, and discusses the problems of design variations driven by cost cutting, and the risks of post-design and post- construction policy changes that critically affect the original design concepts, especially where reliance had been placed on concurrent beach nourishment, and apron elevation had been raised to take the benefit of increased protection offered by the beach nourishment.

"Ambiguous" Network Monarchy as Problematic Euphoric Couplet

Frequently cited in the literature on recent Thai politics, Duncan McCargo's influential "network monarchy" concept is nonetheless inadequately developed. As such, it has been questioned and challenged by several scholars in recent years. In his 2021 Pacific Affairs article, McCargo rebuts many of these scholars' arguments and defends his concept. His defence is unpersuasive, however. It falls short of elaborating on the scope, composition, and modus operandi of network monarchy, leaving the shortcomings of his original concept unrectified. Most seriously, McCargo now accentuates the "ambiguous" quality of network monarchy—a quality he did not emphasize originally—in order to accommodate new empirical anomalies and counter his critics. By so doing, he renders his argument unfalsifiable. Drawing on Robert Cribb's thoughts, this article first spells out why or how the insu ciently developed network monarchy concept has become so widespread in the first place. It then examines the untenable nature of McCargo's rejoinder to his critics, especially to Eugénie Mérieau.

生态翻译学视域下李陆史《再别康桥》韩译分析

As a typical Chinese modern poem, Farewell to Kangqiao has a high influence and research value at home and abroad. This paper takes Li Lushi's Korean version of Farewell to Kangqiao as an example and analyzes the translation under the framework of three-dimensional transformation in ecological translation science. At the linguistic level, the translation is discussed in terms of vocabulary, syntax, and rhythm, and the translator highly restores the original poem's artistic conception and rhythm through vocabulary conversion, retaining the original poem's syntax, and changing the poem's rhythm. At the cultural level, the translation is discussed in terms of the translation of imagery-lexical conversion in the cultural context of the two countries, and the translator selectively adapts the cultural imagery in the original poem to make it more compatible with the cultural background and cognitive habits of Korean readers. In the communicative level, the translation of the poem conveys the emotion and mood of the original poem to Korean readers by condensing the words to preserve the rhythm of the original and to make the emotion of the original poem more explicit. Lee's Korean translation highly restores the phonetic meter and emotional mood of Farewell to Kangqiao from three levels: linguistic, cultural, and communicative, and creatively recreate the poetic beauty. It also compares and analyzes the poetic ecology of the original text and the translation under the guidance of ecological translation theory, which guides a new direction for the translation of the modern poetry, improves the quality of Korean poetry translation, and promotes the cross-cultural exchange of modern Chinese poetry.