Organization Of Innovative Activity Research Articles

Organization of innovative activities in telecommunications enterprises

In the context of the global pandemic, the rapid penetration of information technology in all spheres of economic activity, increasing demand for online sales of services and goods, leads to the important role of telecommunications companies in the national economy. The main role of the telecommunications sector is reflected in the essence of the impact of the national economy on the process of transition to innovative development. This, in turn, requires the development of innovative activities of telecommunications enterprises that meet the requirements of the current stage of development, taking into account the impact of internal and external factors that threaten the innovative development of the country. In general, the innovation process consists of obtaining and commercializing inventions, new technologies, types of products and services, production, financial, administrative or other decisions and other results of intellectual activity.

Содержание понятия «управление человеческими ресурсами» в кадровом менеджменте, объясняющее появление «новых» менеджеров по персоналу

The article discusses the content of the concept of "human resource management". The prerequisites for the emergence of a new model of personnel management are revealed. Approaches to determining the content of personnel management are proposed: traditional, resource and evolutionary. A review of foreign and domestic literature has shown that the development of human resource management in HR management is associated with such indicators as greening and sustainability, which have determined the emergence of new areas as "green" practices in HRM. The competence - based approach to personnel management has increased the innovative activity of organizations. Evolutionary HR management has defined a set of new competencies for HR professionals, such as the ability to work with a large array of information; the ability to use network resources and change the digital environment in management; focus on the organization's HR policy, and others. There is a need for specialists who are able to translate the current activities of the organization into business processes, are able to automate management and increase labor productivity, and are able to optimize personnel costs. It also provides an analysis of salaries in terms of employers ' requirements for "new" HR managers.

Promoting business model innovation through social media strategic capability: A moderated mediation model

The rapid development of social media has significantly affected organizational innovation activities. However, scant research has investigated how social media, as an important innovative tool within the corporate landscape, influences firm business model innovation (BMI). This paper provides an initial investigation into whether, and how, social media can be used to promote firm BMI. Drawing on the strategic capability literature, the study examines the relationship between social media strategic capability (SMSC) and BMI by focusing on the mediating role of strategic flexibility and the moderating effects of top management team (TMT) heterogeneity and environmental dynamism. Empirical results from a sample of 283 Chinese firms with two key informants each show a significant and positive association between SMSC and BMI, which is mediated by strategic flexibility. In addition, moderated path analyses indicate that TMT heterogeneity positively moderates the SMSC–strategic flexibility path, while environmental dynamism positively moderates the strategic flexibility–BMI path in the mediated relationship. Theoretical and practical implications of this study for both social media and BMI research are discussed.

Economic model of forecasting financial condition of the enterprise

This article shows the calculation of a the organization of the innovation process as a scientific direction can be considered as a form of scientific knowledge, studying the laws of creation and development of production systems and forming methods of production organization, which provide effective construction and interaction of elements, parts and structure of systems in dynamic conditions of production. Organization of development of new products includes preparation of production of new and modernization of manufactured products, improvement of production technology, current regulation and control of all production units. It covers all stages of production and is systemic in nature, subordinating all private tasks to the main - the maximum satisfaction of social needs through the production of competitive products. In the system plan the organization of innovative activity represents set of forms, methods and receptions of scientifically proved connection of labor force with means of production. This connection is based on the specified goals of the system and the functions of its individual elements. The type of production is defined by the complex characteristic of technical, organizational and economic features of production caused by breadth of the nomenclature, regularity, stability and volume of production. A single production is characterized by a small volume of production of the same products, the re-manufacture and repair of which, as a rule, are not provided. Single and close to it small-scale production is characterized by the manufacture of parts of a large range of jobs that do not have a certain specialization. This production should be sufficiently flexible and adapted to the implementation of various production orders. The sites are equipped with universal equipment and equipment, the operations are used by workers-generalists of high qualification, in many areas practiced combination of professions. Serial production is characterized by the production of a limited range of parts in batches, repeated at regular intervals. This allows the production of new products to use along with universal special equipment.

ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ИССЛЕДОВАНИЮ ИНЖИНИРИНГОВЫХ ИННОВАЦИЙ

The increased attention to the theoretical issues of activation of innovation processes in the industrial sector is caused by various factors of influence, and primarily by the elimination of the technological gap between Russia and developed foreign industrial countries. To solve this problem, the author suggests focusing the priorities of innovation activity on the activation of high-tech industries. It is shown that domestic enterprises have come close to intensifying the search, development and implementation of the latest technologies, and activation of innovative activities. According to the author, the innovative activity of industrial enterprises primarily depends on the structure of production, enterprise management and organization of innovative activities.

Organizational and economic aspects of innovation management in agro-industrial enterprises

The economic aspects of innovation activity are determined by the fact that innovations serve to achieve the economic goals of the enterprise, act as a means of competition and require the use of economic resources. When organizing innovation activities, it is important to take into account macroeconomic factors and intra-company conditions. The authors identify three large-scale macroeconomic factors that have a significant impact on the chain of interrelated innovations in the activities of modern Russian agro-industrial enterprises. At present, the factor of creating institutions of the digital economy is beginning to take effect, in connection with which the third wave of organizational, technological and marketing innovations and the next growth of agro-industrial production in Russia are expected. Due to the different rates of economic concentration in the three areas of the agro-industrial complex, historically, unfair vertical competition has been and remains one of the limitations for innovation at agro-industrial enterprises. In the digital economy, information about the essential conditions of concluded transactions becomes available to antimonopoly authorities in real time, which allows them to quickly develop and apply regulatory actions in cases of violations of antimonopoly legislation or in cases of “failures” of the market. It is also possible to create institutions that support fair competition in the vertical and horizontal dimensions. The opportunities that open up actualize the improvement of the conditions for innovation activity at the intra-company level.

ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО БИЗНЕСА СФЕРЫ АПК НА ОСНОВЕ ПРОЕКТНОГО ПОДХОДА

Relevance and goals. In modern conditions, an important strategic direction of the region’s development is the introduction of innovations in small and medium-sized businesses in the agricultural sector. To activate the introduction of innovations in small business organizations, it is necessary to use project-oriented management, which will allow effective management of the organization’s resources in the conditions of constantly changing parameters of the external and internal environment. The purpose of this study is to identify the features of the functioning and development of directions for the development of small and medium – sized agribusiness enterprises based on a project campaign. Materials and methods. In the course of the research, methods of data analysis and formal logic, the methodology of a comprehensive assessment of the development of small and medium-sized agribusiness, comparative analysis and sociological research methods were used. Results. The article presents the current state of innovation activity of Russian organizations, reveals an imbalance, both in quantitative and qualitative parameters of innovations in the field of agriculture. The model of implementation of the strategy of innovative development of small and medium-sized businesses based on the project approach is presented, problems and ways of their solution are identified. A sociological study of graduates of agricultural universities regarding project activities and the introduction of innovations was conducted, on the basis of which conclusions were formulated. The need for the introduction of project-oriented management in the agro-industrial complex of the region is justified. Discussion (Discussion). The results of the study correspond to the proposed hypothesis. According to which, the proposed measures by the actors of regional management based on the project approach will contribute to the effective introduction of innovations in small and medium-sized businesses in the field of agriculture. Conclusions. The implementation of the proposed development directions will contribute to the innovative development of small and medium-sized agribusiness, which is an important factor in improving the competitiveness and economic development of the region.

Исследование отдельных аспектов формирования человеческого капитала в Дальневосточном федеральном округе (оценка динамики системы высшего образования)

Relevance. The study of human capital is currently one of the topical areas of research in the field of socio-economic development of territories and business entities on it. At the same time, in our study, special attention was paid to the consideration of the education sector as a factor influencing the level of development and competitiveness of a modern organization, a municipality, a region, or a state. The purpose of this study is to analyze the main trends in the development of higher education system by assessing the dynamics of the student population. Objectives: to study the main factors of human capital formation and development; to conduct an analytical study of indicators of monitoring of higher education organizations of the Far Eastern Federal District by the given contingent of students, on the basis of which to highlight the main factor of human capital formation, determined by the systemic role of the university in the regional and national development. Methodology. The information-empirical base of the study was formed by the analytical materials of the monitoring of higher education institutions in the Far Eastern Federal District. The research methods include synthesis, dynamic analysis and statistical method. Results. Based on the monitoring of universities in the Far Eastern Federal District, we assessed the distribution of the reduced student contingent in terms of districts and universities. It was found that the reduced contingent tends to decrease everywhere, except for medical specialized universities in the Far Eastern Federal University and the Churapchi State Institute of Physical Culture and Sports. Conclusion. In general, the analytical study of the main factor of human capital formation on the basis of monitoring of universities in the Far Eastern Federal District, identified as the main problem – the reduction of the reduced number of students, which in comparison with the Russian average indicators is faster. In addition, among the main problems of human capital decrease are still: the low level of innovative activity of organizations, insufficient funding of research and development. Such dynamics on the one hand indicates the concentration of the contingent of students in the leading universities, on the other hand a high degree of migration.

The intellectual component of the business of the construction industry enterprises

At present, the issues of interrelation and mutual influence of the results of intellectual activity on the final results of the functioning of an enterprise are becoming more and more current, since the world community demonstrates the colossal growth and progressive development of enterprises of various industries using intellectual levers. Russian enterprises also strive to improve the efficiency of the qualitative and quantitative indicators of their companies’ activities, but at the same time use mainly material resources, which reduces the efficiency of resulting indicators. The article examines the indicators of the dynamics of economy and innovative development of the Russian Federation, presents the level of innovative activity of organizations in the period 2017-2019. The authors calculated the indicator of J. Tobin, which reflects the value of the intellectual capital of enterprises in the construction industry. The study showed that all the enterprises under consideration have intellectual capital, to a greater or lesser extent, however, its competent use and effective management are decisive in improving the efficiency of an enterprise.

Концептуальні засади «Психолого-організаційної технології формування компетентностей конкурентоздатності особистості в умовах інноваційної діяльності організацій» (Частина 2)

Концептуальні засади «Психолого-організаційної технології формування компетентностей конкурентоздатності особистості в умовах інноваційної діяльності організацій» (Частина 2)

Scenario Analysis of the Intellectual Capital Development of the Region in Postcovid Economics Based on Financial Assets

The article presents the main trends and factors involved in developing intellectual capital in the region during and after the pandemic of Covid-19 based on financial assets, which are of strategic importance both for the state and for international development. The authors provide benefits and drawbacks to the growth of the situation in the context of the main elements of the region's intellectual capital. These factors consist of Innovative activities in the region (Intellectual Property Market, Innovative infrastructure of the region, Innovative activities of organizations) and Human Resources (Labor Market, Higher, and Continuing Professional Education System). A pessimistic scenario involves that the state and the economic system could not cope with a negative trend for various reasons. On the other hand, an optimistic scenario implies that the state and economic entities can see the trend as an opportunity and apprehend it to stabilize the region's economic situation and further surmount the crisis.

Interfirm Partnerships and Organizational Innovation: Study of SMEs in the Automotive Sector

This study aims to analyze the influence that interfirm partnership motives can have on the implementation of organizational innovation activities. To achieve this aim, a quantitative cross-sectional research design was adopted, surveying owners-managers of small and medium-sized enterprises in the automotive sector. Based on the empirical evidence, the study concludes that the motives for partnership formation are related to organizational innovation activities, but only partially. Of the four main factors for establishing interfirm partnerships (‘Efficiency’, ‘Innovation and learning’, ‘Market opportunities’, ‘Technology and competition’), only the motives associated with the latter were shown to have a positive and significant influence on organizational innovation. Implications for theory and practice are also presented.

Innovative and motivational competence of leaders and its transformation in the context of digitalization

The main factor that affected changing competencies in modern conditions is digitalization; the necessity of the interconnected development of innovative and motivational competence of managers is substantiated. The goal of this article is to highlight the most important characteristics of the innovative and motivational competence of organizational leaders. To analyze the competence factors, hypotheses about their change were made, which were tested using two methods: a sociological survey to assess the competencies priority and pairwise comparisons of competency characteristics in terms of their impact on the innovative activity of organizations. The competency model of a modern, innovatively active leader was formed, which included: psychological readiness for change and constant selfdevelopment, a desire to lead the organization to success, the need to be a leader based on innovative style of behavior, knowledge of advanced achievements in the organization's field of activity, experience in introducing inventions, skills to attract investment, understanding the risks of improvement. Our assumptions about the transformation of the leaders’ competencies are confirmed. However, estimates of the competencies shift towards motivational components were less significant than expected. Nevertheless, in the context of digitalization, it is very important for innovative leaders to constantly improve their motivational competencies in order to stimulate there highly professional creative workers who create and implement innovations.

Innovative and investment activity as the basis for the formation of production potential and sustainable development of dairy cattle breeding

The formation of the production potential and sustainable development of the dairy cattle breeding industry as a whole is impossible without the innovative and investment activity of business entities. The innovative activity of organizations in the agricultural sector is much lower than the average Russian level, which acts as a deterrent to the development of agriculture. As practice shows it is necessary to develop tools for forming the production potential of dairy cattle breeding on an innovative basis for the dairy cattle breeding industry. At the same time, the low level of innovation implementation is completely dependent on the low level of investment activity. In addition, the two types of activity are affected by the specifics of the dairy cattle breeding industry, in particular, the low investment attractiveness of the industry is observed as a result of the long return on funds invested in the dairy cattle breeding industry, and as a result, production modernization is proceeding at a slower rate than is claimed.

How to Facilitate Different Types of Innovation Activities in Organizations?

In dynamic and competitive environment, the importance of innovation is accepted as a necessary ingredients for firms to create value and sustain competitive advantage. However, very little empirical research has specifically addressed to what extent different kinds of innovation rely on specific knowledge management processes and entrepreneurial orientation. The objective of this study is to identify the different types of innovation that are predominant in companies, and how to facilitate different types of innovation activities. A questionnaire survey was conducted and 169 valid replies were received. This research analyzes the relationship among knowledge management processes, as well as entrepreneurial orientation and different types of innovation. The results from an empirical survey study reveal that organizations facilitate different types of innovation (i.e., administrative versus technical innovation, and product versus process innovation) through entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge management process (i.e., knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing and knowledge application). The results also show that the partial mediating role of knowledge management processes in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and different types of innovation.

“Lean in”: the moderating effect of female ownership on the relationship between human capital and organizational innovation

PurposeWith the aim of shedding new light on the characteristics of human capital in its relationship with organizational innovation, this paper develops a novel theoretical and empirical exploration of the characteristics of human capital, both executives' experience and employees' average education level, as well as the moderating effect of female ownership, on two different aspects of organizational innovation.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained from the World Bank's China private manufacturing enterprise questionnaire survey. The study employs regression analysis of a logistic model using 1,598 samples, because the dependent variable of an organization's innovation index is a binary variable.FindingsUsing World Bank survey data of Chinese private manufacturing enterprises, the authors find that executives' experience has a significantly positive effect on process innovation. Female ownership strengthens the relationship between executives' experience and process innovation. Moreover, the results indicate that employees' average educational level has a significantly positive effect on product innovation. Female ownership strengthens the relationships between employees' average educational level and organizational innovation including product innovation and process innovation. This study highlights the importance of simultaneously testing the effects of human capital and gender heterogeneity on organizational innovation activities.Originality/valueThis study explores the impact of human capital on organizational innovation activities in the context of the Chinese manufacturing industry. Moreover, organizational innovation activities are divided into two aspects: product innovation and process innovation. This study separately discusses the effect of human capital on these two kinds of innovation in detail. Finally, female ownership is selected as a moderating variable, and it is demonstrated that interactions of female owners with executives' experience and employees' average educational level have a positive impact on increasing different kinds of organizational innovation. The authors identify new boundary conditions for the domain of female research that are sorely lacking in the present literature.

ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В КОНТЕКСТІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СТАНУ ТА ПРОБЛЕМ РОЗВИТКУ КОРПОРАТИВНОГО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА

У статті розглянуто актуальні проблеми зниження інноваційної активності українських суб’єктів підприємництва та у зв’язку з цим погіршення інших оціночних характеристик стану підприємств: втрату конкурентоспроможності, гнучкості, адаптивності та ефективності. Стан та проблеми розвитку корпоративного підприємництва визначаються детермінантами низької інноваційності українських підприємств. Метою статті є здійснення аналізу стану інноваційної діяльності українських підприємств та розроблення пропозицій з активізації процесів генерування та впровадження інновацій у внутрішньому корпоративному середовищі. Для досягнення визначеної мети було проведено динамічний та порівняльний статистичні аналізи інноваційної діяльності підприємств України та Європейського Союзу. Результати дослідження вказують на надзвичайно низький рівень та негативну динаміку інноваційної активності українських підприємств, а також колосальне відставання від рівня інноваційності підприємств Європейського Союзу. Ідентифікований стан та тенденції вказують на необхідність удосконалення процесу управління інноваціями на підприємствах шляхом цілеспрямованого впливу вищого керівництва. Практична цінність статті полягає в обґрунтуванні перспектив упровадження корпоративного підприємництва як інструменту стимулювання інновацій у внутрішньому середовищі організацій.

Impact of innovative activity of organizations on the development of pharmaceutical industry: a case study

Тhe article proposes a new methodological approach to the study and evaluation of external factors affecting innovation activity. External factors were estimated, a correlation model was built, and key factors affecting innovation activity and susceptibility to innovation of Russian companies were identified. A regression model reflecting the dependence of the level of innovation activity of Russian companies on changes in environmental factors in the dynamics from 2006 to 2016 was constructed. The study was conducted on the basis of statistical data on the development of the pharmaceutical industry as one of the high-tech industries of the Russian industry. The study confirmed and measured the relationship between the macro factors of development of the Russian pharmaceutical industry and the volume of its production. This study is an occasion to discuss and further study the development of sound recommendations to change or improve the state industrial policy. Directions of further researches are connected with a deeper study of the causes of interrelation of volume of output and macroeconomic factors, as well as with the assessment of the temporal distribution of the macroeconomic consequences of purposeful influence on the magnitude of the factors considered.

Innovative Railway Transport Ecosystem: Practices of Leading Companies

The railway industry is one of the key areas of transport activity for many countries, in particular for the Russian Federation. The innovative development of this industry and of its corporate actors is an important aspect of development of economy and infrastructure of the respective countries. An innovative ecosystem creates an enabling environment necessary for such development. The objective of this article is to analyze the components of the innovation ecosystem: the ways of organizing innovative activities, suggesting their classification into internal and external types of organizations. The study is based on a comparative analysis of the practices of the most competitive world railway companies. The results show that railway companies using tools of both external and internal types are characterized by a high level of competitiveness and technological development. If the external type of organization of innovative activity has a positive effect on reducing costs, and also promotes active interaction with core external companies, then a one-sided orientation to it leads to an increase in dependence on third-party organizations. Carrying out research and development within the framework of own innovative laboratories and R&D centers allows railway companies to significantly reduce this dependence, but leads to a high level of costs, increases the risk of obtaining results that do not correspond to the best world standards. The optimal and effective way to organize the innovation activity of a railway company is to implement a mixed type organization, which includes elements of independent research and development and active interaction with external organizations, companies and experts. This choice is confirmed by the activities of most of the analyzed companies. At the same time, it is important to choose the directions of technological development, within which it is possible and expedient to conduct independent research and development at the present time, as well as those requiring further development of competencies for independent research activities as well as for participating in innovative consortia.

Проектный подход к управлению инновационной деятельностью организаций нефтегазового комплекса

Проектный подход к управлению инновационной деятельностью организаций нефтегазового комплекса