T HE PERIOD WHEN children are able to control their urinary sphincters both day and night is accepted to be between 3 and 5 years of age. During this period, if the child involuntarily urinates on the bed repeatedly, it is called Enuresis is considered under the title defects in excretion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders III R (DMS III R) (American Psychiatric Association, 1987). For children between the ages of 5 and 6 years the diagnostic criteria for enuresis is incontinence of urine at least twice a week, or incontinence of urine during night time for a period of 6 months. For children older than 6 years enuresis is diagnosed if incontinence occurs at least once during the night time during a 1 month period. Among enuretic children, primary enuresis is observed in 85% of the children whereas 15% experience secondary enuresis which begins 3 to 6 months after the attainment of the control of the urinary sphincter (Dischie, 1988; Dobson, 1989; Gokalp, Gultekin, 1982; Guvencer, 1988; Hjalmas & Sillen, 1990; Kendry & Stewart 1974; McLorie & Hussman 1987; Ramer & Domoto, 1986; Teets, 1992; Whelen, 1984; Wylkelstein, 1989). The prevalance of enuresis is high in Turkey. However, because of some false beliefs, lack of information, and limited facilities, the children with enuresis are not brought to clinics or hospitals for therapy. Generally imipiramin is recommended for the treatment of enuresis, however, there is a common misconception that imipiramin causes infertility. Because of this false belief, imipiramin is not used by the enuretic children (Ak, Sohmen, & Sohmen, 1988). In Turkey, studies related to the prevalence of enuresis show that the percentage of enuretic children is higher than many other countries. Twenty-two percent to 41% of the children in the province Ankara are enuretic, whereas the figures are 5.5% to 20% in the province Sivas. The percent of enuretic children in the provinces of Malatya, Giresun, Nevsehir, and Rize are 20%, 28%, 30%, and 37% respectively (Bilir, Ary, & Donmez, 1987; Gokler & Okdem, 1985; Mocan, 1984). In Turkey, the total number of pediatric psychiatrists is approximately 100 and most of them work in the metropolitan universities. Because of the lack of health professionals and facilities, the number of children with enuresis, who are brought to pediatric psychiatrists is very limited. There is also a common belief that imipramine, the medicine often recommended for the treatment of enuresis, causes infertility. In addition, the presence of enuresis among other children of the family as well as among the parents, leads to the common belief that enuresis is not important and does not need medical treatment. Some families also evaluate enuresis as a situation to be ashamed of and they keep this problem as a secret. All these factors lead to avoidance of the treatment of enuresis. Because of the lack of information, some families punish the child with enuresis by limiting the amount of liquid given to the child, compare the child with others, make the child feel ashamed and neglect the needs of the child. The abovementioned factors show the importance of treating enuretic children in Turkey in their home surroundings. Orem's Self-Care may be useful during home visits to treat children who have enuresis. The Self-Care Model encour-