Orem's Self-Care Research Articles

ADAPTACIÓN, AFRONTAMIENTO Y CALIDAD DE VIDA EN MODOS ADAPTATIVOS DE CUIDADORES PRIMARIOS

Objetivo: analizar la relación del proceso de afrontamiento y adaptación con la calidad de vida y satisfacción de cuidadores primarios, mediante la aplicación e integración de las teorías de Orem y Roy. Metodología: se realizó un estudio mixto de tipo triangulación concomitante, en el Policlínico “Chiqui Gómez Lubián” del municipio de Santa Clara en Cuba; desde el año 2016 al 2019. La población de estudio fue 21 cuidadores primarios de infantes con déficit de atención e hiperactividad. Los datos se recogieron con dos escalas autoadministrables y una entrevista en profundidad. Las escalas se procesaron con el programa estadístico para las ciencias sociales SPSS versión 24.0 y la entrevista mediante análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: se obtuvo nivel medio de capacidad de afrontamiento, adaptación y calidad de vida y satisfacción de cuidadores primarios, en relación a los modos adaptativos, además de obtener una propuesta de definición de calidad de vida en cuidadores primarios, basada en su relación con el proceso de afrontamiento y adaptación. Conclusiones: los referentes teóricos fueron el sustento ideal para el análisis, dado que el mismo se basó en la integración del modelo de adaptación de Roy y el sistema de apoyo educativo de la Teoría de Autocuidado de Orem, lo que facilitó la comprensión de la relación entre las dimensiones afectadas de calidad de vida y satisfacción de cuidadores primarios, como necesidades adaptativas de autocuidado y los modos adaptativos, en el proceso de afrontamiento y adaptación, durante el acto de cuidar.

Aplicabilidade da teoria de Orem no autocuidado de pessoa com estomia intestinal: estudo reflexivo

A confecção de uma estomia intestinal leva a modificações físicas que podem afetar todas dimensões da vida do ser humano. Acredita-se que por meio da Teoria de Enfermagem do Déficit do Autocuidado é possível promover o cuidado de enfermagem à pessoa com estomia intestinal. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi refletir sobre a aplicabilidade da Teoria do Déficit do Autocuidado de Dorothea Orem no cuidado de enfermagem à pessoa com estomia intestinal. Trata-se de um estudo teórico-reflexivo e para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão narrativa com busca do material nas bases de dados LILACS, Pubmed e Google Acadêmico e síntese qualitativa dos trabalhos analisados. Diante das mudanças ocasionadas pela presença da estomia, a pessoa necessita realizar cuidados importantes para seu autocuidado. O planejamento da assistência de enfermagem fundamentado na Teoria do Déficit d Autocuidado contribui para a o retorno às atividades de vida diária, a reinserção social, ao cuidado com a estomia e equipamento coletor e prevenir complicações. Assim, a aplicabilidade desta teoria demonstra o seu potencial para subsidiar o planejamento e a implementação da assistência à pessoa com estomia de modo a promover a sua autonomia e independência para realizar o seu autocuidado, além de subsidiar a Prática Avançada de Enfermagem no cenário nacional.

Serebral Palsili Bir Çocuğun Orem Öz-Bakım Eksikliği Kuramı'na Göre Hemşirelik Bakımı: Olgu Sunumu

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, kuadriplejik tipte Serebral Palsi (SP) tanısı olan bir çocuk hastanın Orem Öz-bakım Eksikliği Kuramı'na göre hemşirelik girişimlerinin planlanması amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Pediatri servisinde on gündür yatmakta olan SP, epilepsi ve hidrosefali tanılı hastada gözlem, fizik muayene ve iletişim tekniği kullanılarak Orem Öz-Bakım Eksikliği Kuramı’nda yer alan temel durumsal faktörler değerlendirildi. Kuramın her basamağı Orem’in oluşturduğu hemşirelik sistemi, öz-bakım ve öz-bakım yetersizlik modelinin verilerinin yer aldığı bakım planı üzerinden özetlendi ve örümcek kavram haritası ile sunuldu.Bulgular: SP, epilepsi ve hidrosefalisi olan 8 yaşında kız hastanın öz-bakım gereksinimlerini etkileyen faktörler arasında hastalığın şiddetine bağlı sekonder sorunlarının fazla, destek mekanizmalarının ve bakım vericilerin bilgi düzeyinin yetersiz olduğu saptandı. Hastanın öz-bakım gücünün, algısal, bilişsel ve duyusal yeterliliğinin oldukça zayıf olduğu görüldü. Orem’e göre hastanın en önemli sağlıktan sapma gereksinimleri; solunum, görme, diş, üriner, oral motor ve uyku problemleri, beslenme bozukluğu, mental retardasyon, epileptik nöbetler ve sosyal izolasyon olarak belirlendi.Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, kuadriplejik tipte SP’li bir çocuk hastanın, Orem’in Öz-bakım Eksikliği Kuramı'na göre temel öz-bakım becerilerini karşılamakta oldukça yetersiz olduğu saptandı. Bu nedenle hemşirenin “Tümüyle Eksiklik Giderici” rolü kapsamında hastanın öz-bakımını sağlayıcı hemşirelik girişimleri planlandı. Ayrıca hastanın öz-bakımını karşılayan annesinin ve diğer aile üyelerinin gereksinimleri, hemşirenin “Destekleyici ve Eğitsel” rolü kapsamında ele alınarak eğitim ve danışmanlık planlandı. Pediatri hemşireleri, SP’li çocukların öz-bakımlarını gerçekleştirme durumlarını ve öz-bakım gereksinimlerini belirlemeli, öz-bakımını gerçekleştirmede çocuk ve ebeveynlerini desteklemelidirler.

Autocuidado: una aproximación teórica al concepto

Self-care has been extensively investigated from the Orem Self-Care Deficit Theory, which has its beginnings in the field of nursing where most of the research that emphasizes the physical-biological component of self-care is concentrated. From the perspective of Health Psychology, we advocate a biopsychosocial perspective in the analysis of this category that points to a comprehensive care of the human being, one that is aimed at promoting the self-responsibility of people in self-care, as a resource to raise their quality of life and well-being. The work presents a theoretical review of the concept and the models on which self-care has been studied from its origins to the most contemporary conceptions. It concludes with the definition of the authors and a proposal for a methodological approach for selfcare research.

Self-care deficits in women with leg ulcers and sickle cell disease.

to identify self-care deficits in women with leg ulcers and sickle cell disease. a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory approach with 14 women. The collection was performed from December 2015 to January 2016, while the analysis was supported by Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory. self-care requirements are not fully met. The following were identified as universal: balance between loneliness and social interaction, rest and proper nutrition; development: inability to perform work, abrupt changes in the environment due to hospitalization, educational deprivation and dropout; health deviations: ulcer recurrences, pain, changes in skin appearance and gait changes. nursing care for women with leg ulcers and sickle cell disease requires planned actions for comprehensive care.

Models and theories of care applicable to predicting and improving adherence behaviours among Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients

Introduction : Models which relate to cognitive variables and processes may apply to adherence behaviours in patients with chronic conditions. Management of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) requires incorporation of these models to facilitate the positive adherence behaviours among patients. Aim : This article critiques models and theories of care applicable to predicting and improving adherence behaviours among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods : Medline, Ebsco, PubMed, Google Scholar, Cinahl and grey literature were used to identify the relevant articles from the years 1990-2018. A conclusive search was done using the following key words: Models OR ‘Theories of care AND Prediction [tab]’ AND Improving AND adherence behaviours AND Chronic Kidney Disease Results : The search identified 23 articles containing information on models and theories of care applicable to the management of CKD patients. The Common-Sense Model, Orem Self-care and Theory of Planned Behaviour Models were applied in predicting and improving adherence among CKD patients. Other identified possible models in predicting and improving adherence included Tran’s Theoretical Model, the Theory of Reasoned Action, and the Social Cognitive and Health Belief Models. Conclusion : These theories and models provide a baseline assessment regarding predicting and improving adherence in chronic kidney disease patients. However, there is no model or theory which comprehensively explains an understanding of predicting and improving adherence of CKD patients to their management, hence the need to consider the available models/theories to effectively engage CKD patients with their integrated management to promote the highest level of adherent behaviour. _________________________________________________________________________ Key words : Models/theories of care, prediction, adherence, Chronic Kidney Disease stages 1 to 5.

SELF-CARE IN CHILDREN WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS

Self-care is an area that aims to develop habits, knowledge and attitudes in helping one self. Children of the typical population adopt these skills by observing the activities of their parents or caregivers. In children with a mild cognitive impairment, the situation is different. Within this population, there are several developmental obstacles that cause delays in the adoption of self-care activities. The delayed development of imitation skills, low quality of ability for receptive speech, and frequent fluctuations in attention make it difficult to perform tasks in this field. However, research shows that, with adequate support, children with a mild cognitive impairment mainly develop self-care skills at the operational level. This paper describes the developmental specifics of children with a mild cognitive impairment in self-care, as well as adequate techniques for supporting these skills. Relying on Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory (Orem, 1991), a system of educational support for self-care skills is proposed. This system is used when a child has abilities to master these skills but requires minimal support. The methodological approach in Orem's Self-Care Theory has three main components: assessment of self-care skills, process schemes as a learning plan for the skills of self-care and implementation of the implemented. Adequate techniques used in learning self-care activities in children with a mild cognitive impairment are described in the paper by definition, with the given operationalization. These are: Task analysis, Creating a visual guide, Verbal and gesture stimulation, “Links in the chain”, Social stories, Video modeling and self-modeling and using mobile applications.

Group of pregnant women and / or pregnant couples: a collective construction process (1996-2016)

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand how the process of construction of the Group of Pregnant Women and/or Pregnant Couples of the Federal University of Santa Catarina from 1996 to 2016 was established. Method: Qualitative research of a social historical nature, involving nine health professionals who participated in the group of pregnant women and/or pregnant couples in this period. The date of collection took place between February and May 2017. Data analysis was guided by Orem's Self-Care Theory and Bardin's content analysis technique. Results: The process of construction of the group of pregnant women had strong influence from the public health policies of the University Hospital Maternity and its assistance of the time. Likewise, it was created based on the need for guidance to pregnant women and their companions to deal with the pregnancy-puerperal process with the perspective of a multidisciplinary and integral work, stimulating self-knowledge and self-care. Conclusion: The group emerged as an extension project and strengthened by public health policies, its scientific evidences and by the assistance philosophy of a maternity school. The group building process involved a set of actions, planning and execution of activities, building an educational space, free of charge, with an exchange of mutual experience and open to the community.

Orem自理模式配合早期康复训练在膝关节交叉韧带损伤患者干预中的应用

Orem自理模式配合早期康复训练在膝关节交叉韧带损伤患者干预中的应用

Effect of Orem's Self-Care Model Training Program on Anxiety of Women with Breast Cancer: A Clinical Trial Study

Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of death after lung cancer and is associated with numerous complications, including anxiety. It seems that organized educational interventions, such as Orem's self-care model, decrease the incidence of complications, such as anxiety. Objectives: Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the self-care training program based on Orem's model on anxiety of women with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: The present research was a clinical trial study conducted on 70 women with breast cancer, who had referred to educational hospitals of Zahedan, during year 2017. The convenience sampling method was used and data was collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Orem's need assessment form, and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Data were collected at baseline and four weeks after the end of the last intervention session. The intervention group received training sessions (three 25- to 30-minute sessions) based on the Orem's model, on a weekly basis, yet the control group did not receive any intervention except routine care. Results: The results of statistical tests showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of distribution of demographic variables, such as age, marital status, level of education, number of children, and occupation. The results of statistical tests also showed a significant difference between pre- and post-anxiety levels in the intervention group and there was no such significant difference in the control group (P < 0.001). Moreover, the results showed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of pre- and post-anxiety changes (P < 0.001). The results of comparing the two groups showed a lower post-intervention anxiety level in the intervention as compared to the control group, although this difference was not significant regarding trait anxiety (P: 0.62) and state anxiety (P: 0.017). Conclusions: Orem's self-care model-based training program can reduce anxiety among patients with breast cancer and can serve as a self-care model for nursing care interventions in these patients.

Self-care of men with priapism and sickle cell disease.

To identify self-care demands of men with sickle cell disease and priapism and describe self-care measures in light of Orem's Self-Care Theory. This is a descriptive exploratory study with qualitative approach conducted with nine men with a history of sickle cell disease and priapism. Data were analyzed using Orem's Self-Care Theory. Some demands were identified: from universal self-care - difficulty in social interaction and solitude, changes in self-image, self-esteem and sexual activity; from development - the experience with priapism and little knowledge about the pathophysiology of the disease; regarding health deviations - pain crises. Orem's theory allowed to identify self-care demands, which are essential for the nursing care provided for men with priapism. Nursing has an essential role in the measures for the different demands presented.

Self Rating Scale for Self Care Ability of puerperal women using Delphi method

Objective To construct a Self Rating Scale for Self Care Ability of puerperal women, and to provide pertinent assessment tools for family, community and hospital to evaluate the self-care ability of puerperium women. Methods Guided by the theory of Orem self-care, the initial scale of Self Rating Scale for Self Care Ability of puerperal women was preliminarily constructed through literature review, qualitative interview, group discussion and Delphi (Delphy expert consultation). Delphi method was used to conduct 3 rounds of questionnaire consultation among 18 experts, and the reliability of the method was tested by expert's positive coefficient, authority coefficient and coordination coefficient. Results The questionnaire recovery rates of 3 rounds of consultation experts were 20/21, 18/20 and 18/18, respectively, coordination coefficient was 0.322, 0.347, 0.502, respectively, and the expert authority coefficient was 0.88. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the results of expert consultation, Self Rating Scale for Self Care Ability of puerperal women included the initial 3 dimensions of self-care attitude, self-care knowledge and self-care skills and 42 items. Conclusions Self Rating Scale for Self Care Ability of puerperal women has high reliability, which can be used as an assessment tool for self nursing ability of puerperal women. Key words: Postpartum period; Delphi technique; Self-care ability; Self rating scale

Teaching and Learning From Case Studies: The Added Value of Using a Nursing Conceptual Model to Construct Cases.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the influence of applying Orem's self-care framework practice methodology on the content and comprehensiveness of a case study about a woman who denied having self-care deficits. The discussion begins with presentation of the case as it might have been found in a classroom or health professions journal and contrasts this with application of Orem's self-care framework practice methodology to illustrate how much more comprehensive the content of the case study is and how well it highlights the role of the primary care nurse practitioner in complex geriatric care. Through application of Orem's practice methodology, the nurse practitioner is better able to address the high-level risk experienced by an older adult with complex comorbidities whose only initial complaint was "imbalance."

Agencia de autocuidado y autoeficacia percibida en personas con cardiopatías isquémicas

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y la autoeficacia percibida en personas con cardiopatía isquémica que asisten al programa de rehabilitación cardíaca, en una clínica privada de la ciudad de Neiva.Metodología: estudio correlacional, de corte transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo, basado en la teoría de déficit de autocuidados de Orem y la teoría de mediano rango de enfermería de autoeficacia de Resnick. La muestra estuvo constituida por 61 personas, a quienes se les aplicó la escala de apreciación de agencia de autocuidado, segunda versión en español, y la escala de autoeficacia general.Resultados: la mayoría de los participantes reportaron niveles altos de capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y de autoeficacia percibida; respecto a la asociación entre estas dos variables, a través de un análisis de correlación canónica se halló un resultado de rc=0,879, p&lt;0,05, demostrando un grado fuerte de relación entre las variables agencia de autocuidado y autoeficacia percibida.Conclusión: la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y autoeficacia percibida son fenómenos que se presentan de manera positiva en las personas con cardiopatías isquémicas que asisten al programa de rehabilitación cardíaca. Se confirmó la relación entre estas dos variables, demostrando que la autoeficacia percibida tiene influencia y posee efecto predictor sobre la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado.

Atividades de educação em saúde realizadas com grupo de idosas para promoção do autocuidado em saúde

Trata-se de um relato de experiência educativa com um grupo de idosas desenvolvido no “Projeto de Extensão e Pesquisa em Saúde da Família – PES” vinculado a uma IES de Fortaleza-CE, no período de março a dezembro de 2016. Este artigo objetiva descrever as experiências de atividades de educação em saúde realizadas em quatro encontros, com participação de 25 idosas, tendo como eixos problematizadores: o ‘Envelhecimento ativo’ e o ‘Autocuidado’. Os encontros foram norteados nos preceitos da Teoria do Autocuidado de Dorothea Orem e nas concepções de educação de Freire. Utilizaram-se ferramentas lúdicas e construtivas, como: oficinas, rodas de conversas, dinâmicas de grupo e recursos audiovisuais, facilitando a reflexão e a construção de saberes entre extensionistas e idosas. O desenvolvimento das atividades possibilitou perceber o quanto essas idosas adquiriram conhecimentos e melhoraram o seu autocuidado. Portanto, urge fortalecer ações preventivas e de promoção da saúde visando promover a prática do autocuidado.

The Effect of Orem Self-care Model with a Focus on Systematic Medicine Usage on the Hypertension of the Elderly

The Effect of Orem Self-care Model with a Focus on Systematic Medicine Usage on the Hypertension of the Elderly

The effect of orem's self-care program on adherence to treatment among the elderly patients with type II diabetes in ilam in 2018

Introduction: Diabetes self-care program leads to higher adherence to treatment and reduction of retinopathy in the elderly. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Orem’s self-care program on the adherence to treatment among the elderly with type II diabetes. Method: This study was a quasi-experimental intervention with control group which was done on 66 patients with type II diabetes. Data collection tools was a four-section questionnaire including demographic information, examining self-care activities, examining adherence to treatment and in the fourth section examining and recognizing Orem. Before the pretest administration, the educational intervention was done for the experiment group and one week and one month after the intervention, the questionnaire was completed by two groups. In this study data were analyzed using SPSS v.20. Findings: the effect of intervention program was significant at the level of 5. There was a significant difference between the average score of pretest adherence to treatment among the elderly one week and one month after the intervention (p=000). The comparison of mean scores showed that the score of adherence to treatment is significantly better in one month after the intervention compared to one week after, and better in one-week after compared to the pretest (p=000). Conclusion: the present study shows that nurses can employ Orem’s self-care program and play an important role in the adherence of patients with type II diabetes to their treatment. © 2018, Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. All rights reserved.

The Effect of Self-Care Education Based on Orem's Model on Self- Efficacy of Patients with Beta Thalassemia Major

Background: self-efficacy is the main factor in human behavior showing the extent of an individual's efforts in performing an activity. Strengthening self-efficacy empowers the person to follow and adhere to treatment. Improving selfcare behaviors is of the requirements of strengthening selfefficacy behaviors. Thus, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of self-care education based on Orem's model on self-efficacy in patients with beta thalassemia major. Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 patients with thalassemia who were admitted to Razi Hospital of Saravan were randomly divided into control and intervention groups. Demographic and Sherer's self-efficacy questionnaires were used to collect data. The intervention group was educated for 5 sessions. The control group received routine interventions. The questionnaires were completed again after a month, and data were analyzed using SPSS23. Results: The mean and standard deviation of self-efficacy scores before intervention in intervention and control groups were 42.86 ± 3.24 and 42.80 ± 3.86, respectively, and after intervention 49.16 ± 8.17 and 43.20 ± 4.84, respectively. Statistical variance test with repeated measures showed significant statistical differences between the two groups before and after intervention (p=0.01). Conclusion: The results showed that the use of Orem's selfcare model increased the level of self-care behaviors in these patients. Thus, using Orem's model is recommended as an effective way to promote self-efficacy of patients.

Orem’s Self-care Deficit Theory and Nursing Care in Relation to Pneumonia: A Case Report

This study was designed to determine the self-care needs of pediatric patients with pneumonia according to Orem's Self-care Theory and to present them for nursing care. Establishing a scientific gr...

Effect of the Orem Self-care Model on Quality of Life in Adolescents with Asthma

Background: Asthma is one of the chronic diseases that could affect quality of life (QOL). Therefore, one of the goals of healthcare interventions for this disease is improving the QOL. The current study aimed at determining the effect of the Orem self-care model on QOL in adolescents with asthma. Methods: The current prospective study assigned 64 adolescents with asthma referring to Shariati Hospital into 2 groups of control and intervention by the simple random sampling method. Then, the Orem-based training was implemented through 8 sessions of 2 hours and the asthma QOL questionnaire was presented to both groups prior to and 2 months after completion of the training. The data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics consisting of the paired and independent t tests with SPSS version 20. Results: There was a significant change in the mean score of different QOL dimensions before and after the training in the intervention group by respiratory status (P = 0.001), mood functioning (P = 0.03), social functioning (P = 0.005), physical activity (P = 0.006), and general understanding of health (P = 0.004), but there was no significant difference in the mean score of different QOL dimensions before and after the training in the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the contribution of the Orem self-care model to increase QOL in the adolescents with asthma, it seems better to use this model as a healthcare intervention to improve asthma control and patient adherence.