Optimal Allocation Of Water Resources Research Articles

Optimal water allocation method for joint operation of a reservoir and pumping station under insufficient irrigation

Abstract To address the problem of optimal allocation of water resources in water shortage areas, a reservoir and a pumping station water resource optimal scheduling model under the condition of insufficient irrigation is proposed. The model takes the maximum relative yield of crops as the objective function, the amount of water supplied, water spilled and water replenished as decision variables, the total amount of water supplied by the system, the water right of the pumping station and the operation criteria as constraints, and uses a dynamic programming method to solve the model. The optimal water supply and water spill process of the irrigation reservoir and the optimal water replenishment process of a pumping station during the entire growth period of dry crops were obtained. Moreover, under the conditions of 50 and 75% probability of exceedance, the optimized relative yields of crops increased by 17.1% and 19.6%, respectively. The results show that ensuring the optimal operation of joint water source projects can achieve the optimal allocation of limited water resources, and improve the relative yield of crops in irrigation areas, which has important guiding significance for the planning and management of water resources in similar irrigation areas.

Drought disaster risk management based on optimal allocation of water resources

Drought risk management has gradually emerged as an important discipline and the traditional negative drought management changes to active drought management. Drought risk assessment and control are the core of drought risk management. In this study, based on precipitation anomaly (Pa) and soil moisture content anomaly index, the stochastic drought index model was established to calculate the drought distribution under different probability. Considering risk of disaster (H), vulnerability of the environment (S), exposure of the disaster bearing body (V), and disaster prevention and mitigation capability (C), a water resource optimization allocation model based on drought disaster risk assessment model was established to minimize the regional drought disaster risk. The developed models were used in Heilongjiang Province, China, and the results showed that: (1) the drought indexes based on the stochastic method can reflect the regional drought under different probabilities, providing managers with comprehensive drought information to manage the disaster; (2) the optimal allocation of water resources can reduce the risk of drought disaster in drought-prone months and drought-prone areas; and (3) studying drought risk assessment and regulation considering grain yield can be used to effectively understand and alleviate drought effects in the study area, reduce farmers' economic losses and ensure local food security.

Sustainability and Optimal Allocation of Human Resource of Agricultural Practices in Sistan and Baluchestan Province Based on Network DEA

The agricultural sector ensures food security in every country.Optimal agricultural practices presuppose the optimal allocationof resources, including water, soil, etc., by official authorities in everycountry because excessive use of natural resources would have harmfulconsequences for posterity despite meeting ad hoc needs. Therefore,sustainable agricultural practices in different regions should be basedon environmental, social, and economic criteria in the decision-makingprocess for the future. This study investigated the agricultural practicesin two stages: environmental stage (planting and maintaining)and economic stage (harvesting), which use shared resources. A networkDEA model was proposed for developing sustainable agriculturalpractices based on the proposed process. The development of sustainableagricultural practices in different regions presupposes the optimal allocation of water and human resources, which is realized by the improvementof irrigation methods and the quality of life of farmers. Innetwork DEA models, weight restrictions are used to determine sustainabledevelopment. The proposed model was analyzed with and withoutweight restrictions to determine the sustainable development of agriculturein Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran, between 2013 and 2017.On the other hand, given the important role human resources play inthe development of sustainable agricultural practices, some models weresuggested for determining the maximum required human resources foreach stage according to the obtained performance levels.

Application of an environmental multimedia modeling system for health risk assessment: Key influencing factors and uncertainties research.

In this paper, an environmental multimedia modeling system (EMMS) that combines a risk assessment with a Monte Carlo method (MCM) was used to explore the interaction between groundwater and surface water with respect to chemical exposure and risk. The EMMS-MCM simulations incorporated several key influencing factors that are inherent in traditional predictions of subsurface and surface-water interactions, including soil permeability coefficients and parameters such as hydraulic conductivity, density, recharge, layers, and depth. These influencing factors are generally associated with the largest sources of uncertainty in modeling and pose significant challenges to water management and to the optimal allocation of water resources. A case study involving benzene at the Trail Road landfill site located in the Ottawa-Carlton area of Canada is presented to illustrate the use of the EMMS-MCM approach. The model results are verified by comparisons to the results of groundwater and surface-water investigations in the landfill. The EMMS-MCM results are evaluated using a risk quotient (RQ) risk assessment method to quantify environmental risk. The EMMS-MCM simulations can be used to support hazardous field work and contribute to environmental management by predicting the possible consequences of hazardous chemical contaminations in surface waters and groundwater. The integration of the EMMS-MCM and RQ approaches represents an appropriate tool for the accurate assessment of long-term pollutant risks and environmental management of surface- and groundwater resources. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:877-886. © 2021 SETAC.

Applicability analysis of multiple precipitation products in the Qaidam Basin, Northwestern China.

In the Qaidam Basin, meteorological stations are sparsely distributed, and the observational precipitation data are therefore not comprehensive, which significantly hampers the accurate assessment and optimal allocation of regional water resources. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of three precipitation products (MSWEP V2, GPM IMERG V6, and TRMM 3B43) against gauged-based precipitation data from nine meteorological stations and 12 hydrologic stations in the Qaidam Basin from 2001 to 2016. The results reveal the following: (1) At the annual and monthly scales, the MSWEP product has the highest accuracy, followed by the GPM product. However, the TRMM product only reveals a correlation at the monthly scale; (2) the MSWEP product performs better in the wet season than the dry season, and the TRMM product has an abnormally high value of precipitation in the wet season. Moreover, it was shown that the accuracy of the GPM product is superior to that of the TRMM product; however, it has a low detection capability in some mountainous areas; and (3) the average error of each precipitation product at the meteorological stations is smaller than that at the hydrological stations.

A Bilevel Multiobjective Model for Optimal Allocation of Water Resources in the Punjab Province of Pakistan

In this study, a simple but efficient bilevel multiobjective model (BLMOM) has been formulated for the optimal allocation of available water (AW) among competing water users. Upper-level decision makers (DMs), being the leader in the hierarchy (i.e., river authorities), allocate AW to lower-level DMs (i.e., canal authorities) based on equity and stability, whereas lower-level DMs allocate AW among competing users based on two single- and one multiobjective functions. The first objective function (OF1) maximizes the satisfaction rate (SR) of various water users, whereas the second objective function (OF2) maximizes the net economic benefits (NEB). The multiobjective function (OF12) maximizes the combined effect of the first two single objectives. The multiobjective function has been solved by using the simultaneous compromise constraint (SICCON) technique which creates a compromise between single-objective functions. The model was applied at Taunsa Barrage, Pakistan, for the optimal allocation of AW. Various scenarios were analyzed by varying priorities assigned to different objective functions and water users to evaluate the model applicability under various conditions. When OF1 was considered, maximum SR of 61% was achieved. In case of priority given to OF2, maximum NEB of 77 million USD was attained. However, in the case of OF12, both SR and NEB were maximized, whereas wheat, cotton, sugarcane, rice, onion and sunflower water users attained NEB of 14.36, 5.03, 22.96, 27.85, 1.34 and 0.13 million USD, respectively, with overall NEB of 72 million USD against satisfaction rate of 52%.

Decision Support for the (Inter-)Basin Management of Water Resources Using Integrated Hydro-Economic Modeling

The development of adequate modeling at the basin level to establish public policies has an important role in managing water resources. Hydro-economic models can measure the economic effects of structural and non-structural measures, land and water management, ecosystem services and development needs. Motivated by the need of improving water allocation using economic criteria, in this study, a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) with a hydro-economic optimization model (HEAL system) was developed and used for the identification and analysis of an optimal economic allocation of water resources in a case study: the sub-middle basin of the São Francisco River in Brazil. The developed SDSS (HEAL system) made the economically optimum allocation available to analyze water allocation conflicts and trade-offs. With the aim of providing a tool for integrated economic-hydrological modeling, not only for researchers but also for decision-makers and stakeholders, the HEAL system can support decision-making on the design of regulatory and economic management instruments in practice. The case study results showed, for example, that the marginal benefit function obtained for inter-basin water transfer, can contribute for supporting the design of water pricing and water transfer decisions, during periods of water scarcity, for the well-being in both basins.

The gap of water supply-Demand and its driving factors: From water footprint view in Huaihe River Basin.

Climate change, population growth, the development of industrialization and urbanization are increasing the demand for water resources, but the water pollution is reducing the limited water supply. In recent years, the gap between water supply and demand which shows water scarcity situation is becoming more serious. Clear knowing this gap and its main driving factors could help us to put forward water protection measures correctly. We take the data of Huaihe River Basin from 2001 to 2016 as an example and use ecological water footprint to describe the demand, with the water carrying capacity representing the supply. We analyze the water supply-demand situation of Huaihe River Basin and its five provinces from footprint view in time and space. Then we apply the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index model to analyze the driving factors of the ecological water footprint. The results show that: (1) the supply and demand balance of Huaihe River Basin was only achieved in year 2003 and 2005. There is also a large difference between Jiangsu province and other provinces in Huaihe River basin, most years in Jiangsu province per capital ecological footprint of water is more than 1 hm2/person except the years of 2003, 2015, and 2016. But other provinces are all less than 1 hm2/person. (2) Through the decomposition of water demand drivers, we concluded that economic development is the most important factor, with an annual contribution of more than 60%. Our study provides countermeasures and suggestions for the management and optimal allocation of water resources in Huaihe River Basin, and also provides reference for the formulation of water-saving policies in the world.

Research on Optimal Operation of Reservoirs in Shule River Irrigation District Based on Dynamic Programming with Successive Approximation Method

Reservoir operation is an important means to realize optimal allocation of water resources. In order to reasonably distribute water resources in Shule River irrigation area and improve the utilization rate of water resources, according to the actual situation of Shule River irrigation area, taking the minimum annual water shortage and the highest irrigation guarantee rate of the whole irrigation area as the objective function, the deterministic long-term optimal operation model of reservoir group in the irrigation area is established, and the successive approximation dynamic programming ( DPSA ) is used to solve the problem, so as to realize the joint operation of Changma Reservoir, Shuangta Reservoir and Chijinxia Reservoir, and provide the basis and reference for the comprehensive management and scientific allocation of water resources in Shule River basin.

Public stereotypes of recycled water end uses with different human contact: Evidence from event-related potential (ERP)

Recycled water is an effective way to ease regional water resource shortages and promote environmental protection. The public is a direct user of recycled water, so their attitudes and acceptances are key links in the implementation of recycled water reuse projects. However, in the practical process of the implementation of recycled water reuse projects, the concept is frequently rejected by the public because of the negative perception that it is sourced from sewage. To gain a deeper understanding of this negative perception, this study attempts to take a cognitive neuroscience approach for assessing the stereotypes of recycled water end uses with different human contacts based on a temporal analysis of event-related potentials (ERP) and decision-making data. The results are as follows. First, in general, the stereotypes of recycled water reuse are deeply rooted among the public and are significantly negative. Second, compared with recycled water for car-washing, descriptions of recycled water for potable use with positive adjectives could evoke more significant N400 responses. In other words, the public perceive that recycled water for potable use is harmful, dangerous, and disgusting. Third, for recycled water with different levels of human contact, the negative stereotypes vary greatly. With increasing human contact levels, negative stereotypes will be increasingly enhanced. This study can provide scientific references for the promotion of recycled water end-use projects and optimal allocation of water resources.

Investigation of Crop Water Requirement and Irrigation Schedules of Maize Crop in Addis Zemen District, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.

The North East and South East side of the country have limited water resource that is the cause of reducing precipitation patterns would significantly affect livestock production and potentially food security. Recently drought risk has affected high land areas and trends suggest that the risk has been increasing in Ethiopia. The annual rainfall across the country has fluctuated significantly which indicates that high seasonal anomalies in rainfall- a major contribute of food intensity. GIS is an important tool that can be used for optimal allocation of water resources of an irrigation project. CROPWAT 8.0 and CLIMEWAT 2 Tool window support dissection technology has been done identify the analysis of evapotranspiration, crop water requirement, irrigation water need and irrigation schedule in Addis Zemen, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Several input data (temperature, humidity, and wind speed) were used to calculate the reference evapotranspiration by Penman-Monteith method was 3.89mm/day. Crop and irrigation water requirement analysis in CROPWAT plat form were 476.8 and 460.9mm/dec respectively. Crop water requirement was categorize under very low sensitive (early stage), low sensitive stage (late stage) high sensitive stage (develop stage) and very high sensitive (middle stage). The irrigation water need throughout all growing season was 456.4mm. Irrigation was scheduled from October 9, 2021 to February 27, 2021.

Multi-objective optimal allocation of water resources in Yangchangwan mining area based on ecological priority

With the development of mining area economy and the adjustment of industrial structure from traditional heavy industry to hightech industry, the supply and demand structure of water resources has changed significantly, and the ecological damage in mining area make the ecological water consumption increase significantly. This paper summarizes the water supply of surface water, groundwater, mine drainage and reclaimed water, as well as all kinds of water demand. Based on the principle of ecological priority, a multi-objective optimal allocation model for the coordinated development of ecological environment, social economy and water resources in Yangchangwan mining area was constructed. The results show that the multi-objective optimal allocation model well coordinated the social and economic development goals and resource saving goals, and the optimization scheme ensured that the water demand satisfaction of each water sector reached 100%. On the one hand, it can provide technical support for the mining area to realize the green water and green mountains pattern as soon as possible, on the other hand, it can also provide reference for water resources management in other similar areas.

Evaluation of whale and particle swarm optimisation algorithms in optimal allocation of water resources of irrigation network to maximise net benefit case study: Salman Farsi

In this study, an optimisation model was developed to optimally allocate water to Salman Farsi irrigation network using the whale algorithms optimisation method. In this method, the amount of irrig...

Evaluation of whale and particle swarm optimisation algorithms in optimal allocation of water resources of irrigation network to maximise net benefit case study: Salman Farsi

Evaluation of whale and particle swarm optimisation algorithms in optimal allocation of water resources of irrigation network to maximise net benefit case study: Salman Farsi

Multi-Objective Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Based on the NSGA-2 Algorithm While Considering Intergenerational Equity: A Case Study of the Middle and Upper Reaches of Huaihe River Basin, China.

With the rapid development of society and the economy, the demand for water resources is increasing. This, combined with the increasing competition for water resources between current and future generations, hinders the sustainable development of society. To alleviate prominent water resources problems, achieve sustainable utilization of water resources and the sustainable development of society and economy, a multi-objective optimal water resources allocation model is proposed, in which different water sources and different water departments are considered to achieve the maximum social and economic benefits of the study area on the premise of water resources sustainability. To meet the needs of future generations, the discount value is introduced to measure intergenerational equity. A case study from seven cities in the upper and middle reaches of the Huaihe River Basin is given to verify the practicality and viability of the model. The non-dominated sorting Genetic Algorithms-2(NSGA-2) was used to find optimal water resources allocation schemes in 2020 and 2050 under the condition of a hydrological drought year (inflow guarantee rate p = 75%). Compared with previous models, the intergenerational equity model considers the sustainability of water resources, has higher social and economic benefits, and ensures the fair distribution of water resources among generations. According to the results, under balanced weight, the water shortage ratio of the seven cities will decrease from 5.24% in 2050 to 1.58% in 2020, and the economic benefit will increase from 79.46(1010CNY) to 168.3(1010CNY), respectively. In addition, the discount value of economic benefit in 2050 is 80.23(1010CNY), which is still higher than that in 2020. This shows that the water resource allocation scheme can eliminate the disparity between supply and demand for water resources and achieve intergenerational equity. Therefore, the intergenerational equity model can alleviate the contradiction of water resources and realize intergenerational equity.

Modeling Long-Term Water Allocation and Analysis of Alternative Strategic Scenarios in the Catchment Area of Bilate River, Rift Valley Lakes Basin, Ethiopia

A water shortage stress might have resulted from the extensive water resources development plan in the Bilate catchment owing to the rapidly growing population, irrigation development expansion, climatic variability, and socioeconomic development. Furthermore, the lack of sufficient knowledge about available water resources and lack of coordination in water resources management skills in the basin often aggravates the competition of fixed waterresources among the users. Therefore, modeling long-term water allocation should be implemented to determine the optimal allocation of water resources, maximize the overall benefits without compromising ecological requirements, and propose mitigation measures that may alleviate the problem of water scarcity during peak demand periods. The Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model is generally used in the formulation and evaluation of alternative plansfor responding to water-related problems and water resources developments. To assist in the assessment of spatialtemporal streamflow simulations within watersheds, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) employed in the Bilate River and its sub-catchments. The Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) and CROPWAT 8.0 software programs were used to estimate streamflow requirement (IFR) and the crop water requirement, respectively. Three development scenarios include the agricultural and socio-economic development effect, climatic change, and alternatives that were built in the long-term planning horizons (2013-2050). The modeling water allocation for each sub-catchment was done by considering the Ethiopian water allocation and apportionment criteria and water act priority order. The result revealed that agriculture growth (increasing irrigation projects) and socio-economic development caused a significant increase in water demand. Hence unmet water demands in different parts of the catchments were increased. Similarly, the effect of climatic variation scenarios has been increased unmet demands in the middle year of the planning horizon(2030-2050). Therefore, developing adaptation strategies scenarios helps to mitigate water scarcity and improve water availability for productive use.

Problems and Countermeasures in Protection of Drinking Water Sources in Hubei Province

This paper introduces the current situation of drinking water sources in Hubei Province, and points out that in the new period of harnessing the Yangtze River, the drinking water sources are faced with prominent contradictions such as low annual water consumption and prominent non-point source pollution. At the same time, the emergency standby water source is insufficient, and the water production technology of water supply enterprises needs to be improved. In order to ensure the optimal allocation and rational utilization of water resources, some suggestions are put forward, such as controlling the non-point source pollution system, actively promoting the construction of standby water source, and timely upgrading the water supply treatment process of water plants.

An ecological stability-oriented model for the conjunctive allocation of surface water and groundwater in oases in arid inland river basins

Abstract With the continuous development of the population and social economy, the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources in arid inland river basins is severely uneven, and there is a sharp contradiction between agricultural water use and ecological water use. Irrational development and utilization of water resources has led to many problems, such as shrinking oases and drying lakes. To solve this problem, this study proposes a multiobjective, multiwater-source, ecological stability-oriented double-layer model for optimal allocation of water resources based on the large-scale system decomposition–coordination principle, the water balance principle, and a water supply and demand forecasting model. This model can resolve the contradiction between agricultural water use and ecological water use by optimizing and adjusting the crop planting structure, industrial structure, and the amount of water allocated to and groundwater level in each region and thereby achieve ecological stability and restoration of oases. The developed model was applied to the Heihe River Basin in an inland region of Northwest China. The long-term time series data of 2000–2016 were used to construct and calibrate the model. Finally, the practical ecological stability-oriented plan for conjunctive allocation of surface water and groundwater in different plan years was proposed. This model enriches the research results related to the conjunctive allocation of surface water and groundwater and provides a reference for the ecological restoration of oases in arid inland river basins.

Study of optimal allocation of water resources in Dujiangyan irrigation district of China based on an improved genetic algorithm

Abstract In order to distribute water resources reasonably, it is advantageous to make full use of resources and produce high economic and social benefits. Taking the Dujiangyan irrigation area of China as an example, we discuss the idea of establishing and solving the optimal allocation model of water resources. With this aim, a two-dimensional constraint model with highest economic value, minimum water shortage, minimum underground water consumption and necessary living water demand was established. In order to solve this model, we improved a multi-population genetic algorithm, extending the genetic optimization of the algorithm into two dimensions, taking population as the vertical dimension and the individual as the horizontal dimension, and transforming the cross genetic operator to copy the genetic (crossover) operator and the mutation operator to only act on the vertical dimension, so as to optimize the allocation of such discrete objectives of water resources in the irrigation area with a particular model suitable for the region. The distribution results successfully control the water shortage rate of each area at a low level, which saves the exploitation of groundwater to the maximum extent and produces high economic benefits. The improved algorithm proposed in this paper has a kind of strong optimization ability and provides a new solution for the optimization problem with multiple constraints.

Application of HEC-HMS for the Assessment of Water Availability in Fincha and Didessa Sub-basin, Ethiopia

The water resources availability assessment required for determination of optimal allocation and planning of water resources. This study is mainly focus on the water resources availability in the Fincha and Didessa sub-basin of Ethiopia by using HEC-HMS. The performance of the model was assessed via calibration at gauging station using Relative Volume Error (D), coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) performance coefficients. Then the model was validated using the parameters optimized during model calibration. The availability of water resources assessed at different watershed created to see at local level and finally at outlet point to Main River for each sub-basin separately. The HEC-HMS model shows a good performance Little anger which resulted D=2.58, R 2 =0.75 and NSE=0.63 during calibration and D=4.32, R 2 =0.77 and NSE=0.46 during validation and Neshi D=-1.37, R 2 =0.53 and NSE=0.58 during calibration and D=6.98, R 2 =0.68 and NSE=0.58 during validation for Didessa and Fincha Sub basin respectively. The parameters optimized at little Anger and Neshi gauging station was used for flow simulation to assess water resources availability on monthly and annual basis. The flow components were also separated at small catchment considered for all sub-basin. The result shows that high percentage of flow occupied by Direct Runoff for both Didessa and Fincha sub basins. So the available water in the sub-basins should be allocated fairly and accurately for water resources projects for effective utilization of the country water resources. Keywords: Fincha and Didessa sub-basin, HEC-HMS, Water Resources Availability. DOI: 10.7176/JEES/10-11-05 Publication date: November 30 th 2020