Optimization Of Hybrid Renewable Energy System Research Articles

Load Profile Validation for Design of Sustainable Optimal Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems

This study focuses on the validation of load profile and energy usage of Itie-Ikpe, a rural community located in the southern part of Nigeria, for the purpose of designing sustainable optimal hybrid renewable energy systems. A two-year monthly estimated load profile data was obtained from an energy distribution company, monthly averages and overall annual daily load demand of 557.59 kWh/d were determined using mathematical method while a field survey was conducted to obtain the actual load demand figure 562.25 kWh/d for the study community with a difference of 4.66 kWh/d. The two independent results were comparatively analyzed with the field survey result higher than the estimated value obtained from the energy distribution company by 0.84%. Findings also showed that the error margin or difference was relatively negligible with little or no significant effect on the design of the optimal hybrid renewable energy system. Therefore, the daily load demand figure from the field survey result validated the average daily load demand value determined from the obtained estimates. This validation is a crucial step in designing an optimal hybrid renewable energy system for energy sustainability of the study community, as the modeling and selection of systems components of the hybrid renewable energy system depends on the knowledge of accurate average daily load demand in order to avoid design of ineffective energy systems whose performances might not be optimal.

Technical and economic feasibility assessment of hybrid renewable energy system at Kenyan institutional building: A case study

This study focused on the technical and economic feasibility assessment of hybrid renewable energy system for powering institutional building in Kenya – a case study of the School of Engineering, University of Nairobi. The study aimed to determine the optimum hybrid renewable energy system that can supply reliable and affordable power to the school. The load profile of the site was determined using power and energy logger (PEL) with data analysis carried out in DataView™ software. The total energy demand and consumption of the establishment were found to be 84.59 kW and 1172 kWh/day, respectively. Grid/wind/photovoltaic/diesel/battery/converter configuration was simulated and optimized in HOMERTM Pro microgrid analysis tool using local meteorological data. The total net present cost was calculated for 25 years to find the lowest cost of energy for the systems. Grid/Photovoltaic/Diesel was found as the optimum system configuration with the system having Cost of Energy (COE) of Ksh 7.89, Net Present Cost (NPC) of Ksh 69,512,100.00, Initial capital cost of Ksh 30,264,100.00, a renewable fraction of 71.6%, simple payback period of six years, discounted payback period of eight years, present worth of Ksh 12,819,300.00, annual worth of Ksh 965,700.00, excess electricity generation of 2.48% etcetera. This result shows that the system is technically and economically viable. The system proved to have reduced the power purchase from the grid by approximately 77% and reduce the electricity bill by approximately 84%. In addition, nine (9) sensitivity cases were used for sensitivity analysis and the result gave the same configuration except in cases where the sizes and prices of some components were changed.

Optimal Hybrid Renewable Energy System Design for a Village in Perak, Malaysia

This paper discusses on the Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) to supply electricity to Kampung Selarong, Pengkalan Hulu, Perak. The location of the project was chosen by considering the type of area the village was situated in, which was a rural area. Kampung Selarong mainly relies on diesel fuel for electricity generation because. Grid extension to this area is costly due to its location. Unfortunately, the usage of diesel–powered generators were expensive because of its high price, soaring levels of maintenance and operation. Diesel generators also was identified to cause harm towards the environment because it contributes to greenhouse gases, global warming, and abrupt climate changes. As a alternative to curbing the usage of diesel – powered generators, HRES was proposed in Kampung Selarong. This project aims to collect load power data around Kampung Selarong and feed those data into the Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources software (HOMER) to get an in-depth analysis of the load power consumption in the village. Upon completion of data analysis, these configurations were compared to obtain desired configurations for a combination of PV, diesel – powered generators and battery storage system.

Multiobjective Optimization of a Hybrid Wind/Solar Battery Energy System in the Arctic

This paper presents an optimal design of a hybrid wind turbine/PV/battery energy system for a household application using a multiobjective optimization approach, namely, particle swarm optimization (PSO). The ultimately optimal component selection of the hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is suggested by comprehensively investigating the effects of various factors on the cost-reliability relation, such as the mounting orientation, temperature on the PV modules, wind turbine hub height, different types of batteries, and different load profiles. The optimization results show the feasibility of HRES for a single-family household demand in the arctic region of Tromsø, Norway. As we will discuss in the results, an HRES operating in such a region can achieve great energy-autonomous levels at a reasonable cost partially thanks to the cold climate. The mounting structure and temperature effects on the PV modules and the battery type can significantly change the system performance in terms of cost and reliability, while a higher wind turbine hub offers little improvement. The result suggests an optimal HRES consisting of a wind turbine with a swept area of 21 m2 and a hub height of 12 m, a PV system of 12 m2 with 2-axis tracking, and a battery bank of 3 kWh. This system will achieve 98.2% in self-reliance. Assuming that the system lifetime is 20 years, the annual cost is about 900 USD. Even though this study focuses on an HRES for a single-family application in the arctic, such an approach can be extended for other applications and in other geographical areas.

Design of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for a Village in Selangor, Malaysia

Conventional fossil fuel generation releases high amount of carbon dioxide and contributed to the climate change problem. Hence, the use of renewable energy sources is important to mitigate the greenhouse gasses emissions. Remote or rural areas relies heavily on diesel generations for electricity due to no grid connection. Therefore, a microgrid system with renewable resources has high potential for implementation in these areas. This paper discusses on the hybrid renewable energy system design for a village in Selangor, Malaysia. The load profile data collected based on survey and interview with the locals. Meanwhile, the solar radiation and temperature data were obtained from NASA POWER database. The hydropower resource data was obtained through site visit at the location. HOMER software was used to simulate and determine the most optimal hybrid renewable energy system. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify effect of growth in load profile with respect to the optimal configuration. The optimization results shows that PV-hydro-grid is the most optimal system. It has lower Net Present Cost with higher renewable penetration compared to other configurations.

Assessment of autonomous renewable energy system operability under extreme events and disasters

Autonomous, hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) are increasingly being deployed in geographically challenging terrains, often lacking adequate resilience planning for natural disasters. An assessment framework is developed to evaluate sustainable HRES design for remote off-grid application, ensuring its operability under an extreme event, i.e. its ability to absorb the shock event and continue operating. Optimal HRES configurations are obtained for different extreme events, applying Pareto optimality with key criteria of minimising the number of black outs constrained by Net Present Cost (NPC). The framework is demonstrated for a remote location in Chile. Operability of an HRES under an extreme event is found to involve a trade-off between the investment decision to reduce the vulnerability of RET components and to enhance its energy storage. The optimised HRES is found to be cost-effective for resilience against seasonal events (for flooding and snowstorm the additional NPC is 4.6%, 7.4% respectively) but unsustainable for low probability-high impact events (for earthquakes the additional NPC of 20.5% largely from increase investment in storage capacity). The study also highlights the role of the dispatch strategy in enabling a micro hydro as a secondary storage component for both fulfilling the unmet loads and for charging batteries.

Design optimization of off-grid Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems considering the effects of building energy performance and climate change: Case study of Algeria

This paper presents a methodology for optimal design of diesel/PV/wind/battery hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for the electrification of residential buildings in rural areas. Contrary to previous work, in this study, the effects of climate diversity and building energy efficiency on the size optimization of HRES are investigated. First, a multi-criteria spatial analysis trough a common geographical information system tool (ArcGIS 10.2) is undertaken to develop the renewable energy potential map for Algeria. Then, particle swarm optimization algorithm and ε-constraint method were used to solve the multi-objective problem, which was formulated to minimize the cost of energy (COE) as the primary objective, while maximizing system reliability and a renewable fraction (RF). According to the resulting renewable potential map, seven zones are identified, and then seven locations have been selected (one from each zone) to execute the optimization of the proposed HRES. By considering low efficient buildings, photovoltaic/wind/diesel/battery is found the best configuration for Adrar and Tindouf, while photovoltaic/diesel/battery is obtained the best for the other locations. However, in the case of high-performance buildings, another optimal HRES configurations are obtained. The better one is acquired in Biskra and Tamenrast, which includes PV-Battery (100% renewable energy) and fulfilling COE of 0.21 $/kWh.

Optimal Hybrid Renewable Energy System: A Comparative Study of Wind/Hydrogen/Fuel-Cell and Wind/Battery Storage

This paper performs a technoeconomic comparison of two hybrid renewable energy supplies (HRES) for a specific location in Ghana and suggests the optimal solution in terms of cost, energy generation capacity, and emissions. The two HRES considered in this paper were wind/hydrogen/fuel-cell and wind/battery storage, respectively. The necessity of this study was derived from the rise and expansion of hybrid renewable energy supply in a decentralised network. The readiness to embrace these new technologies is apparently high, but the best combination for a selected location that brings optimum benefits is not obvious and demands serious technical knowledge of their technical and economic models. In the methodology, an analytical model of energy generation by the various RE sources was first established, and data were collected about a rural-urban community in Doderkope, Ghana, to test the models. HOMER software was used to design the two hybrid systems based on the same load profiles, and results were compared. It turns out that the HRES 1 (wind/hydrogen/fuel-cell) had the lowest net present cost (NPC) and levelized cost of electricity (COE) over the project life span of 25 years. The energy reserve with the HRES 2 (wind/battery storage) was huge compared to that with the HRES 1, about 270% bigger. Furthermore, with respect to the emissions, the HRES 2 was environmentally friendlier than the HRES 1. Even though the battery storage seems to be more cost-effective than the hydrogen fuel-cell technology, the latter presents some merits regarding system capacity and emission that deserve greater attention as the world looks into more sustainable energy storage systems.

Multi-Objective Decision-Making for Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Cities: A Case Study of Xiongan New District in China

The application of renewable energy has become increasingly widespread worldwide because of its advantages of resource abundance and environmental friendliness. However, the deployment of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs) varies greatly from city to city due to large differences in economic endurance, social acceptance and renewable energy endowment. Urban policymakers thus face great challenges in promoting local clean renewable energy utilization. To address these issues, this paper proposes a combined multi-objective optimization method, and the specific process of this method is described as follows. The Hybrid Optimization Model for electric energy was first used to examine five different scenarios of renewable energy systems. Then, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution was applied using eleven comprehensive indicators to determine the best option for the target area using three different weights. To verify the feasibility of this method, Xiongan New District (XND) was selected as an example to illustrate the process of selecting the optimal HRES. The empirical results of simulation tools and multi-objective decision-making show that the Photovoltaic-Diesel-Battery off-grid energy system (option III) and PV-Diesel-Hydrogen-Battery off-grid energy system (option V) are two highly feasible schemes for an HRES in XND. The cost of energy for these two options is 0.203 and 0.209 $/kWh, respectively, and the carbon dioxide emissions are 14,473 t/yr and 345 t/yr, respectively. Our results provide a reference for policymakers in deploying an HRES in the XND area.

Optimal Sizing of Stand Alone Hybrid Renewable Energy System with Load Shifting

ABSTRACT In the present study, a model is proposed for the sizing optimization of a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) based on local resource assessment and demand side management (DSM). It involves resource estimation for both micro hydro and solar photovoltaic systems. The sizing optimization of the HRES with or without load shifting based DSM is carried out using PSO (particle swarm optimization) and BBO (biogeography-based optimization) techniques. The purpose of DSM is to reduce the peak hourly power consumption. The cycle charging dispatch strategy has been used for sizing optimization of HRES. A comparative analysis has been made for PSO and BBO algorithms, by keeping energy index ratio at 1. Based on demand side management, the cost of energy, net present cost, renewable fraction, and emissions of carbon dioxide from diesel generators are also calculated. The results show that HRES with diesel generator (DG) of (10 kW), solar photovoltaic system (SPV) of (0.3 kW), and batteries of (300 Ah) each are most cost effective in the present scenario. This HRES combination consists of 4 units of DGs, 184 units SPV, and 44 units battery possesses 95.31% of renewable fraction during load shifting process with BBO algorithm. Finally, the proposed, model is validated with HOMER.

A Review on Architecture, Performance and Reliability of Hybrid Power System

With rising demand of energy crisis, the extension of the grid, only with the non-renewable energy sources, has resulted to an end. As a result, the engineers from energy and power generation sector have become conscious for searching an alternate option, which includes the renewable source of energy like solar, wind, small hydro, geothermal, biomass, and ocean as economic, sustainable, and atmosphere pleasant alternative for the conventional source of energies. The inconsistencies in the accessibility of renewable sources every time throughout the year have led to a great expansion in the field of hybrid renewable energy system (HRES). In recent years, several researches have been reported on architecture, operation, and optimization of HRES in response to rising demands. This paper presents an analytical review of various issues related to HRES-based power generation. An overview of different architectures, performances, and reliabilities of hybrid energy system taking optimization into consideration has been presented. Reliability optimization adopted and reported in the studies which include sizing, cost, net present value, etc., of the system components is reviewed. Various software tools that enable evaluation and optimization of performance, reliability, and other parameters for hybrid system configurations are discussed in detail. The challenges, accessibility, and domain of future research in terms of optimization have also been identified.

Environmental and economic multi-objective optimization of a household level hybrid renewable energy system by genetic algorithm

The rapid spread of renewables made it essential to design optimal hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) with the distinctive economic and environmental impacts of each technology in mind. According to a comprehensive literature review, very few studies consider life-cycle environmental impacts in small-scale hybrid renewable energy system optimization. This paper aims to fill this gap by providing a multi-objective design framework for household-scale systems based on the technical modeling of several typical components. Solar photovoltaic, wind turbine, solar heat collector, heat pump, heat storage, battery, and as a novelty, heat insulation thickness are considered. Backup power is either drawn from the grid or produced by a diesel generator in grid-connected and off-grid scenarios, respectively.Single objective optimization using genetic algorithm resulted in the least cost and the least environmental footprint options in a case study of three different locations across Europe. Then, Pareto-optimal solutions between the two extremities were explored with a multi-objective genetic algorithm.Single objective results show substantial differences between environmental and economic optima, while multi-objective optimization proved to be an efficient tool to investigate the trade-offs between the two conflicting goals. Solar photovoltaics is proved to be the most competitive technology to reduce environmental impacts in the case of grid-connected systems. Off-grid systems, however, benefit the most from a balanced mix of different renewable energy sources.Life-cycle impacts in the design of systems involving renewables is proven to be relevant while potential applications of the framework are also revealed. Further research areas, as well as the limitations of the methodology are identified in the conclusion.

An innovative framework for electrical energy storage system selection for remote area electrification with renewable energy system: Case of a remote village in India

Electrical energy storage is a promising solution to overcome the intermittency and demand-supply mismatch problem in hybrid renewable energy systems. The objective of the present study is to prioritize ten electrical energy storage systems by using an innovative ranking framework, considering different criteria. Further, a techno-economic study of a hybrid renewable energy system is performed for rural area electrification, where the present selection strategy of the storage system is incorporated in the system design. Due to the conflicting nature of these criteria, a fuzzy assisted Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution method based framework is employed for its prioritization. The effect of variation of the weights on the criteria is also investigated through a sensitivity analysis. The framework is used to design an optimum hybrid renewable energy system for a remote village in India using the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables tool. The results of the ranking show that pumped hydro storage, compressed air energy storage, and lead-acid batteries are the top three electrical energy storage systems that present more benefits for renewable energy integration for the present case. Moreover, adopting a storage system selection strategy can further reduce the cost of energy of the system. Therefore, the present framework provides a systematic procedure of storage system selection for renewable energy integration by considering different conflicting criteria for case-specific application.

Optimum design and analysis of HRES for rural electrification: a case study of Korkadu district

This paper demonstrates the optimum design and analysis of hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for village electrification in Korkadu, Puducherry, India. Renewable energy sources (RES) comprises of photovoltaic, wind turbine and bio-diesel generators. The main target of this work is to design an optimal HRES system that can generate and provide cost-effective electricity to satisfy the electricity need. In the pre-hybrid optimization model for the electric renewable (HOMER), the paper evaluates the load forecasting for the selected district. For reliable electrification, the desired HRES needs to meet the forecasted load demand. HOMER software is used to estimate the different feasible hybrid configurations. The configurations are hybrid conventional (bio-gasifiers) and renewable energy system, standalone renewable energy system with high renewable fractions and standalone conventional (bio-gasifiers) system. From the investigations, it indicates that the Korkadu zone is highly potential area for implementing standalone hybrid electrification system. Furthermore, the proposed work result demonstrates that the HRES-based power generation at off-grid location can be a cost-effective. Additionally, our proposed strategy can conquer the uncertainty found in RES and the over-sizing issues in installed capacity.

Optimal Design and Model Predictive Control of Standalone HRES: A Real Case Study for Residential Demand Side Management

Conventional electricity generation is one of the greatest sources of CO2 emissions. For a successful transformation of conventional energy systems into non-polluting and renewable energy systems, technology-focused traditional systems and economics must be combined for a more accurate holistic viewpoint with consideration of socio-political, technical, economic and environmental factors. Hybrid energy systems are considered the most feasible solution to the stochastic nature of renewable energy resources (RERs). Different renewable sources such as wind, solar, and hydrogen fuel cells can be integrated to form hybrid systems. An energy management strategy (EMS) is a strategy for power flow coordination among different components, by considering power demand and other constraints. The choice for an accurate EMS is the key element of a hybrid system as it is instrumental in providing an optimum solution of the hybrid system design and operation management. The objective of the optimization is to find suitable configurations for cost-effective solutions. Optimization and EMS must be treated as one entity to completely understand the system design. This study focuses on a techno-economic analysis with an optimized sizing of a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) components to meet the residential load demand of a specific area in Pakistan. Nine different scenarios based on the PV-wind-diesel-BSS-converter system are investigated in terms of total net present cost (TNPC), Levelized cost of energy (LCOE), and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to find the optimal system design. HOMER Pro software is used to develop the HRES model and for simulation analysis, with optimal sizing of each component for an economical solution. Simulation studies established that PV-wind-BSS-converter is the best suitable choice for the given location, and the optimal component sizes were determined. The TNPC of this system is $47,398 and the LCOE is $ 0.309/kWh. This represents an 81.7 % decrease in overall cost, compared to the base case (diesel only) and a 100% reduction in harmful gases while satisfying 100 % of the energy requirement with a 63.9 % of the surplus. MATLAB/Simulink model is developed for the optimum HRES system design. Its validity is tested by maintaining bus voltages (dc and ac), the secure operation range of storage SOC and real power balance among different components of the hybrid renewable energy system (HRES), and an effective ac voltage, irrespective of external perturbations. Model predictive control (MPC) is regarded as a high-performing algorithm. Since power converters are largely applied in microgrids (MGs), the problem formulation with MPC for a reconfigurable bidirectional voltage source converter (VSC) is applied in this work for hybrid MG. The inevitable fluctuations due to the linear and non-linear loads and the nature of renewable sources are addressed. The regulation of ac voltage is implemented through a finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) based active front end (AFE) rectifier, while direct power MPC (DPMPC) is used to control the power during grid-connected operation. The regulation of an ac load voltage is done through voltage based MPC (MPVC) in the islanding operation of the MG. Moreover, the HRES transition from grid-tied to grid-isolated mode is comprehensively analyzed. MATLAB/Simulink <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> software certified the robustness and evaluated the performance of the proposed HRES model under different varying loads viz. balanced, unbalanced, and nonlinear. The proposed strategy offers superior performance with low total harmonic distortion (THD), compared to previously developed strategies. The output waveform of voltage and current have THD of 0.28 % compared to 3.71 % with the conventional strategy. The contributions of this paper lie in the sequential use of HOMER as well as MATLAB tools and in the validation of the suggested HRES plan for the considered location; along with the implementation of FCS-MPC for a reconfigurable bidirectional VSC.

Multi-objective optimal design of hybrid renewable energy system under multiple scenarios

The design of hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is crucial in terms of providing reliable power by renewable energies. So far, a number of studies have been conducted amongst which a single scenario based design is the mostly studied. However, we argue that handling multiple scenarios in the context of HRES design is more practical since operating conditions of a HRES (e.g., load demand) can be different periodically. For example, when designing HRES for a farmland, the busy season time and slack season time are two representative scenarios that correspond to substantially different load demand. Surprisingly, there is no adequate study of multi-scenario oriented multi-objective optimal HRES design. This study therefore fills in this research gap. A multi-scenario optimization based method is proposed for HRES design. Specifically, taking the PV(photovoltaic)–WT (wind turbines)–Bat(Battery)–DG (Diesel generator) as an example, a two-scenario bi-objective optimization model (minimization of system cost while maximization of system reliability) is proposed. In order to solve the model effectively, a scenario-dominance based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (denoted as s-NSGA-II) is proposed. Lastly, a case study is shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, that is, s-NSGA-II is able to find well-balanced solutions for all scenarios, which therefore leads the s-NSGA-II to be a good alternative for dealing with the optimal design of HRES under multiple scenarios.

Analysis of an optimal hybrid power system for an off-grid community in Nigeria

PurposeThis study aims to analyze the effects of variations in annual real interest rates in the assessment of the techno-economic feasibility of a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for an off-grid community.Design/methodology/approachHybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software is used to propose an HRES for Abadam community in northern Nigeria. The HRES was designed to meet the basic needs of the community over a 25-year project lifespan. Based on the available energy resources in the community, photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine, diesel generator and battery were suggested for integration to serve the load requirements.FindingsWhen the annual real interest rates were taken as 10 and 8 per cent, the total amount of total energy fraction from PV, wind turbine and the diesel generator is 28, 57 and 15 per cent, respectively. At these interest rates, wind turbines contributed more energy across all months than other energy resources. The energy resource distribution for 0, 2,4 and 6 per cent annual real interest rates have a similar pattern, but PV contributed a majority of the energy.Practical implicationsThis study has used annual real interest and inflation rates dynamic behavior to determine optimal HRES for remote communities. Hence, its analysis will equip decision-makers with the necessary information for accurate planning.Originality/valueThe results of this study can be used to plan and design HRES infrastructure for off-grid communities around the world.

Selection of a Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for a Low-Income Household

The use of a single criterion in the selection of the most suitable hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) has been reported to be inadequate in terms of sustainability. In order to fill this gap, this study presents a multi-criteria approach for the selection of HRES for a typical low-income household. The analysis is based on two energy demand scenarios viz: consumer demand based on energy efficient equipment (EET) and consumer energy demand without energy efficiency. The optimization of the HRES is performed using hybrid optimization of multiple energy renewables (HOMER) while the multi-criteria analysis is carried out using Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Results show that the optimal HRES alternative returned based on both energy demand scenarios is a PV/GEN/BAT system. The analysis further shows that a reduction of 44.6% in energy demand through EET leads to: 51.38% decrease in total net present cost, 11.90% decrease in cost of energy, 96.61% decrease in CO 2 emission and 193.94% increase in renewable fraction. Furthermore, the use of multi-criteria approach for HRES selection has an influence in the selection and ranking of the most suitable HRES alternatives. Overall, the application of EETs is environmentally and economically beneficial while the application of MCDM can help decision makers make a comprehensively informed decision on the selection of the most suitable HRES.

A novel power optimized hybrid renewable energy system using neural computing and bee algorithm

ABSTRACT With rapid depletion of non-renewable energy resources or the fossil fuels like coal, petroleum etc., there has been a significant shift in innovations towards exploiting and tapping of energy from renewable energy resources like sun, bio gas, wind etc., E Off late, there has been an increased research towards combined or hybrid integrated energy generation systems based on renewable resources like sun-wind, sun-biogas etc., These hybrid systems effectively address the past demerits observed in standalone systems which could provide substantial power only during specific periods and seasons. For example, solar power would be much reduced during the night time. Hence hybrid systems effectively counteract this issue as the lack of stability in one system is well compensated by the other. This research paper proposes an optimized hybrid PV-wind power generation system with optimization towards maximization of power generated from the system with the help of neural architecture and bee colony algorithm. The proposed system has been implemented and tested for a wide range of solar irradiances and wind velocities and maximum and stable power generation has been observed when compared to existing techniques.

Optimum Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems Suitable For Remote Area

ABSTRACTAn optimum hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) includes diesel as main sources combine with wind and solar energy as intermittent renewable energy sources with a battery bank storage is proposed to achieve the load demand of a remote village, Kiyalo, in west of Iran. The optimized system is based on the feasibility, load profile, and environmental consideration of this village. The aim is to have an environment-friendly energy system, reasonably priced over the long-term, with high sustainability and reliability. To explore suitability of the proposal system, a diesel-based power system as an eco-unfriendly system is balanced with the proposal eco-friendly system. National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL) HOMER software is applied to assess and contrast the best possible configuration of green energy system with the diesel-based power system in terms of sensitivity analysis, greenhouse gas emission, and net present cost. The optimization of the eco-friendly energy system is fulfilled through unit sizing to discover the optimum power management with minimum cost of the system. The HRES can handle the entire load consumption at a much lower cost and greenhouse gas emission and with much more reliability and sustainability as compare to that of standalone diesel energy system.