Oil Filter Research Articles

One-step preparation of superhydrophobic acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer coating for ultrafast separation of water-in-oil emulsions

HypothesisSuperhydrophobic membranes with opposite wettability toward water and oil are able to separate water-in-oil emulsions. By constructing porous and hierarchal-structured superhydrophobic coating on filter paper, we hope a quick separation process could be achieved due to the acceleration of both demulsification and penetration process. ExperimentsHere, superhydrophobic coatings were prepared by simply spraying environmental and cost-effective acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) colloid in dichloromethane onto filter paper. The morphologies and wettability of the obtained coatings were carefully studied. Moreover, the separation performances in dealing with various surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions (SSWOE) were also investigated to verify our hypothesis. FindingsThe morphologies of the ABS coatings varied with its weight concentration in dichloromethane and they changed from porous and plain surface into porous and hierarchal-structured surface. Besides, the hydrophobicity of the above coatings varied form hydrophobic to superhydrophobic. Moreover, the resulted superhydrophobic membranes show great separation capability in separating various span 80-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions with oil filtrate purities larger than 99.90% and huge penetration fluxes whose maximum is over 13,000L/(m2h). Thus, we envision that such membrane can be a practical candidate in dealing with water-in-oil emulsions to obtain pure oils.

Effect of Sintering Process and Starch Amount on the Porosity and Permeability of Al2O3-ZrO2 High Porous Oil Filters

Alumina-Zirconia is prepared for oil filter. Oil filters are used to separate oil derivatives from each other using separation principles depending on the size of the holes. These filters work on the principle of separation depending on the density and viscosity of liquid or on the difference in impurity crystals size. This work involves preparation of filters from Alumina-Zirconia powder materials by a hybrid freeze casting and space-holder method. These filters have excellent properties such as stability at high temperature, excellent corrosion resistance; withstand static stresses, and other unique thermal properties. Alumina-Zirconia powder is mixed with different amounts of (zero, 15, 25, and 35 vol. %) of starch powder. Powder mixture has been blending with water using an electric mixer to obtain homogeneous slurry. Solid: liquid ratio of slurry of 30:70 is poured in a cylindrical metal molds and freezed by liquid nitrogen chamber. The solidified material was heat treated at 300 °C for 60 min then sintered at 1550 °C, 1600 °C and 1700 °C under vacuum for 120 min. Hot samples were cooled inside furnace until room temperature. The sintered materials were examined to show the effect of starch adding and sintering process on the porous structure and permeability ratio of the fluid using Archimedes method and SEM image analyzed by J-image program. Best permeability and homogeneous porous structure are obtained at 1600 °C sintering temperature with 24 vol. % of starch powder.

Rheology of structural oil disperse systems

The problems of the rheology of oil disperse systems, which are accompanied by asphaltene particles being set into nanoaggregates and clusters of nanoaggregates and viscoelastic framework have been analyzed. The models of the coagulation of asphaltene particles and the calculation of the nanoaggregate size have been suggested. The conditions of the destruction of the structure have been considered and the rheological models of the filtration of oil disperse systems have been considered with the assumption of the Maxwell equation and model of the change of viscosity and mobility. The results have been compared with the experimental data.

The research of full automatic oil filtering control technology of high voltage insulating oil

In this paper, the design scheme of automatic oil filter control system for transformer oil in UHV substation is summarized. The scheme specifically includes the typical double tank filter connection control method of the transformer oil of the UHV substation, which distinguishes the single port and the double port connection structure of the oil tank. Finally, the design scheme of the temperature sensor and respirator is given in detail, and the detailed evaluation and application scenarios are given for reference.

On-demand oil/water separation of 3D Fe foam by controllable wettability

Oily pollution has become a worldwide problem due to the increasing of oil spill accidents as well as the discharge of oily wastewater. Material with superhydrophobic or underwater superoleophobic characteristic to deal with oily pollution have been reported frequently, but material with controllable wettability transition properties were still few been reported. Herein, we presented a facile, efficient, economical method to prepare a superwetting Fe foam that could achieve controllable wettability transition by modification and annealing alternately. The modified foam showed superhydrophobic and superoleophilic properties (oil-removing mode), which can be used for the filtration of heavy oil in the oil/water mixtures. With the annealing treatment, the as-prepared sample exhibited superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic characters (water-removing mode), which allowed water to pass through but blocked light oil. Besides, the as-prepared foam could separate various oil/water mixtures and show high separation efficiency. We are hoping that the controllable wettability filtration sample could realize on-demand oil/water separation and provide a new idea to solve the oil pollution problem.

Lubricating performance of carbon nanotubes in internal combustion engines – engine test results for CNT enriched oil

The main purpose of this research is to reduce friction losses by adding carbon nanotubes to engine oil. Extremely favorable tribological properties of carbon nanotubes have been extensively studied on the microscopic scale and using tribometers, have not yet been verified in the engine. Enriching oil with nanotubes can lead to significant, exceeding 7 %, reduction in the motoring torque of the engine at low crankshaft rotational speed. The phenomena associated with the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in the engine are stated and discussed. It has been shown that the oil shear during normal operation of the engine can effectively improve the dispersion of nanotubes. At the same time the oil filtration system removes agglomerates of nanotubes very quickly.

Deceleration system for kinematic linkages of positioning

Flexible automation is used more and more in various production processes, so that both machining itself on CNC machine tools and workpiece handling means are performed through programming the needed working cycle. In order to obtain a successful precise positioning, each motion degree needs a certain deceleration before stopping at a programmed point. The increase of motion speed of moving elements within the manipulators structure depends directly on deceleration duty quality before the programmed stop. Proportional valves as well as servo-valves that can perform hydraulic decelerations are well known, but they feature several disadvantages, such as: high price, severe conditions for oil filtering and low reliability under industrial conditions. This work presents a new deceleration system that allows adjustment of deceleration slope according to actual conditions: inertial mass, speed etc. The new solution of hydraulic decelerator allows its integration to a position loop or its usage in case of positioning large elements that only perform fixed cycles. The results being obtained on the positioning accuracy of a linear axis using the new solution of the hydraulic decelerator are presented, too. The price of the new deceleration system is much lower compared to the price of proportional valves or servo-valves.

Identification of piecewise constant filtration parameters and boundaries of their constancy domains

Consideration was given to the numerical solution of the problem of parametric identification of the processes obeying the parabolic equations using an example of the processes of underground oil filtration. The identified parameters belong to the given functional classes such as the piecewise constant and piecewise linear functions. In the problem, needed is not only to determine the values of the coefficients, but also to identify the constancy boundaries of the coefficients. For numerical solution of the problem, an approach was suggested based on reduction of the initial problem to that of finite-dimensional optimization with a special structure of constraints. Obtained were the formulas for the gradient of the objective functional in the discretized problem allowing one to apply the efficient methods of first-order optimization. The results of numerical experiments on the model problems were presented.

The Research of Full Automatic Intelligent Oil Filtering System Based on Flow Totalizer Control

Transformer oil quality has a great impact on the production of UHV; The traditional single tank type or inverted tank type oil filter can be used for transformer oil filter in UHV Substation. The disadvantage of this method is the low degree of automation, high labor costs, error prone and low efficiency. Therefore, the research and application of the automatic intelligent oil filter system has broad prospects. This paper introduces a kind of intelligent oil filtering system based on PLC and configuration software designed to liberate workers on site, reduce error rate and improve production efficiency.

Assessment of a decontamination process for dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in fish oil by physical filtration with activated carbon.

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) provided a scientific opinion on the assessment of a decontamination process consisting in the adsorption with activated carbon and physical filtration of fish oil in order to reduce the amount of dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs)) and dioxin‐like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL‐PCBs). All feed decontamination processes must comply with the acceptability criteria specified in the Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/786. The data provided by the feed business operator were assessed with respect to the efficacy of the process and on information demonstrating that the process does not adversely affect the characteristics and the nature of the product. As described in scientific literature, the process was effective in removing PCDD/Fs (84%) and DL‐PCBs (55%), and therefore, it is possible to meet the current EU requirements with respect to these contaminants, assuming that the level of contamination of untreated fish oil was within the range of the tested batches. The Panel considered that the reference to information available in published literature was a pragmatic approach to demonstrate that the use of activated carbon adsorption does not lead to any detrimental changes in the nature of the fish oil; however, it was noted that the process could deplete some beneficial constituents (e.g. vitamins). Information was provided to demonstrate the safe disposal of the waste material. The CONTAM Panel concluded that on the basis of the information submitted by the feed business operator the proposed decontamination process to remove dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and DL‐PCBs from the fish oil by means of physical filtration with activated carbon, was compliant with the acceptability criteria provided for in Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/786 of 19 May 2015.

Filtered vs. naturally sedimented and decanted virgin olive oil during storage: Effect on quality and composition

The aim of this study was to compare quality changes and compositional characteristics (fatty acids, total phenols, sensory profile) during 12 months storage of Buža and Istarska bjelica cv. virgin olive oils clarified by filtration at an industrial scale (filter press equipped with cellulose filters) and those clarified by natural sedimentation and decantation, as well as the influence of filtration of virgin olive oils on sterols and triterpene dialcohols composition. There were no significant differences in hydrolytic deterioration and sensory scores during the whole storage period between filtered and naturally sedimented oil samples. After 6 months, natural sedimentation was more favorable as regards delaying of oxidative deterioration, while filtration provided a more stable sensory profile. As regards total phenols the impact of the clarifying procedure was dependent on cultivar and fruit ripeness degree and it was more emphasized than the impact of storage. Filtration slightly affected the fatty acids composition, but natural sedimentation and decantation had no effect on it. Nevertheless, filtration did not compromise the confirmation of virgin olive oil authenticity according to the fatty acid composition, as well as according to sterols and triterpene dialcohols.

Evaluation of spent diatomite incorporation in clay based materials for lightweight bricks processing

In this study, diatomaceous earth residues from two industrial processes, refining of vegetable oils and brewing, have been used as raw materials for brick making. The aim has been to substitute part of the clay traditionally used for the manufacturing of bricks, between 3 and 10wt.%, with the aforementioned residues, so obtaining ceramic pieces at three firing temperatures: 850, 950 and 1050°C. The studied properties were compared with those of conventional materials (100% clay), and the results show that these alternative raw materials can be considered technological “nutrients” whose addition improves the behaviour of the materials in the drying process. The incorporation of these materials also increases the open porosity of the fired pieces and reduces the bulk density by up to 10%. The increase in porosity is greater in materials that incorporate diatomites from oil filtration, reaching the maximum value (37 vol.%). These results are confirmed from the microstructure observed by SEM. With regard to mechanical properties, increasing the content of both residues generally decreases the bending strength to values exceeding 10MPa, thus resulting admissible for use in construction. Moreover, the energy release from the residues during the firing stage is greater than the energy demand required for drying, while the thermal conductivity values of the final materials decreases with the amount of residue, which confers thermal insulating properties to the ceramic pieces and thus can reduce the energy consumption of buildings.

Filtration of live oil in the presence of phase transitions in a porous medium with inhomogeneous permeability

The radial angular temperature distribution in a porous medium with inhomogeneous permeability is investigated by numerical simulation of nonisothermal filtration of live oil taking into account the degassing heat, the Joule–Thomson effect, and the adiabatic effect. It is shown that inhomogeneous permeability in the near-wellbore zone of a porous reservoir leads to anomalous cooling due to rapid degassing in the highly permeable region.

Chemically active oil filter to develop detergent free bio-based lubrication for diesel engine

In diesel engine lubricants, over-based detergent additives are typically used to neutralize acids. These additives are required for long service life, but their use results in hazardous emissions, which mainly include sulfur and ash content. To address this problem, this study investigates the detergent-free bio-based lubricant conditioning approach by using a chemically active oil filter. A standard filter element impregnated with sodium oxide particles was used to improve lubricant quality. In this research, palm trimethylolpropane ester was synthesized for use as the base oil for formulation of a detergent-free bio-based lubricant. A condition-based approach, in which two engine endurance tests were carried out, was adopted. Lubricant samples from new and engine-aged conditions were tested for viscosity, total acid number, total base number, and corrosion. Piston ring-cylinder sliding tests were conducted to determine the wear protection and friction behavior of lubricant samples. A comparative analysis showed that lubricant conditioning by a modified filter improved the alkaline reserve and controlled the viscosity increase, thus extending the bio-based lubricant service life from 80 h to 200 h. The bio-based lubricant conditioned by a chemically active filter exhibited reduced cylinder liner wear and friction coefficient by 9.2% and 12.9%, respectively.

潤滑油流動帯電の定量化と潤滑油劣化メカニズムの解明

Cleavage of hydrocarbon in the initial stage of oil degradation is caused by heat and mechanical shearing. However, recently it has been suggested that electrostatic discharge has a possibility of cleavage of hydrocarbon. Most of machinery has a filtering system in order to filter contaminations in oil. It is found that electrostatic discharge occurs during oil filtration and then the oil is degraded. However, this mechanism has not been elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to quantify static electricity during oil filtration and elucidate its mechanism. We used test equipment assumed filtering system of machinery, and measured electrostatic voltage of middle of filter holder while changing the parameters of pump flow rate, oil temperature and oil conductivity. As a result, it was found that static electricity during oil filtration increased with increasing of flow rate, and decreasing of oil temperature and oil conductivity. Then we discussed the relationship between static electricity and flow rate of exit.

Filtration of sunflower oil in the field of vibroacoustic effects

Purification of crude unrefined sunflower oil along with the removal of primary oxidation products is an urgent task to remove the solid constituents formed during the processing of sunflower seeds. All of them irrespective of the chemical composition negatively affect the quality of the food product and, over time, saturate the oil with coagulants that affect its organoleptic and physico-mechanical characteristics. The problem of cleaning unrefined sunflower oil by filtration with the use of vibroacoustic action is considered. The calculation scheme of the process is given, and an experimental setup has been developed that makes it possible to vary the angle of inclination of the filter element. The research of sunflower oil filtration in the field of vibroacoustic impact is carried out. In the study, a decision was made to expand the energy effects to create a cumulative system in the liquid medium that improves the hydrodynamic situation at the scale of the oil purification plant. It is established that the process speed can be intensified by creating additional microflows that provide an active influence on the motion of liquid, gas and solid particles. The results are obtained, which testify to the effectiveness of the use of vibroacoustic effects during the filtration of sunflower oil.

Исследование процессов фильтрации высоковязкой нефти в трещиновато-пористом коллекторе

Исследование процессов фильтрации высоковязкой нефти в трещиновато-пористом коллекторе

Исследование теплофизических процессов при фильтрации парафинистой нефти к горизонтальной скважине

Исследование теплофизических процессов при фильтрации парафинистой нефти к горизонтальной скважине

Regularities of filtration of sunflower oil with the use of vibroacoustic exposure

The residue in sunflower oil is a dispersed phase consisting of particulate products grinding sunflower seeds in the form of particles of the pulp, oil cake, meal, residual quantities of metals, pesticides. In the recycling process they are in the oil in suspension and negatively affect its quality. For research an experimental setup was developed allowing to change the angle of inclination of the filter element. The regularities of filtration were determined without preliminary purification of sunflower oil by centrifugation and after centrifugation. It is established, the contamination of centrifuged oil in the initial period is 14.6 times lower. After 10 minutes of treatment, it decreases by 62%, after 20 minutes – by 79.4%. With a 30-minute treatment, particles of 0.005-0.1 mm in size are removed to 90%, which is approximated to the refined oil in terms of contamination. The influence of vibration-acoustic action on sunflower oil during its filtration is shown. At the last stage of production, the peroxide index is reduced to 2-3 moles of active oxygen, and after 3 months of storage – from 11.8 to 7.7, which according to GOST corresponds to the highest-grade oil. The regularities of the filtration without pre-treatment of sunflower oil by centrifugation and after centrifugation. Shows the effect of vibroacoustic exposure on sunflower oil when filtering. The obtained data on the change of qualitative parameters of sunflower oil during its filtration in the field of vibroacoustic impact.

Investigation of the two-dimensional problem of filtration of high-viscosity oil in a formation under thermal action

A theoretical and numerical study of developing a reservoir with high-viscosity oil using the technology of pair horizontal wells is presented. In a two-dimensional formulation, numerical solutions to the problem of the possibility of extracting high-viscosity oil from a formation with the use of thermal action were obtained. The proposed method is aimed at increasing the efficiency of developing an oil reservoir with high viscosity oil by ensuring a uniform warming up of the developing zone of the field. The adopted model allows to trace a detailed two-dimensional picture of oil filtration in the reservoir and to investigate the main regularities of this process.