Objects In Universe Research Articles

Free Banach lattices under convexity conditions

We prove the existence of free objects in certain subcategories of Banach lattices, including p-convex Banach lattices, Banach lattices with upper p-estimates, and AM-spaces. From this we immediately deduce that projectively universal objects exist in each of these subcategories, extending results of Leung, Li, Oikhberg and Tursi (Israel J. Math. 2019). In the p-convex and AM-space cases, we are able to explicitly identify the norms of the free Banach lattices, and we conclude by investigating the structure of these norms in connection with nonlinear p-summing maps.

SMART HOME MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The purpose of this work is to review the algorithms of the relationship between the terminal and the modules for the implementation of the system “Smart Home” on the Android operating system. And the development of its own system “Smart Home”. The system consists of a tablet with the Android operating system, which has its own developed program – the terminal, and various modules and sensors based on the microcontroller ESP8266-01. The main object in the development was to write universal, open and well-thought-out code, which allows you to implement any universal platform for a smart home, and at the same time wrote the minimum code for your modules. The use of a modular system in the terminal greatly simplifies the interaction with the system and significantly increases the speed of performing certain functions and adding functionality for a new module. This means that in the future it will be quite easy to add any new independent module. All elements of this system are controlled, both from the head device – the terminal, and the client (any smartphone where the special software will be installed). The use of more universal objects for embedded modules, the use of one main window for most of the implemented functionality, new functions for forming commands, the use of new libraries for any functionality in this project, such as sending broadcast messages, searching for devices on the network, internal methods for microcontroller management ware considered. The results of this work can be used for deployment systems with control of climatic parameters and energy consumption, in ordinary house, and in specialized rooms with more rigid requirements for the microclimate of the environment. In the future, it is planned to add a power consumption sensor to the system and improve sharing.

Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). XIV. A Candidate Type II Quasar at z = 6.1292

Abstract We present deep Keck/MOSFIRE near-infrared spectroscopy of a strong Lyα emitting source at z = 6.1292, HSC J142331.71−001809.1, which was discovered by the SHELLQS program from imaging data of the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey. This source is one of five objects that show narrow (FWHM < 500 km s−1) and prominent (L Lyα > 1044 erg s−1) Lyα emission lines at absolute 1450 Å continuum magnitudes of M 1450 ∼ −22 mag. Its rest-frame Lyα equivalent width (EW) is 370 ± 30 Å. In the 2 hr Keck/MOSFIRE spectrum in Y band, the high-ionization C iv λλ1548,1550 doublet emission line was clearly detected with FWHM = 120 − 20 + 20 km s−1 and a total rest-frame EW of 37 − 5 + 6 Å. We also report the detection of weak continuum emission, and the tentative detection of O iii] λλ1661,1666 in the 4 hr J-band spectrum. Judging from the UV magnitude, line widths, luminosities, and EWs of Lyα and C iv, we suggest that this source is a reionization-era analog of classical type-II AGNs, although there is a possibility that it represents a new population of AGN/galaxy composite objects in the early universe. We compare the properties of J1423−0018 to intermediate-redshift type-II AGNs and C iv emitters seen in z = 6–7 galaxy samples. Further observations of other metal emission lines in the rest-frame UV or optical, along with X-ray follow-up observations of the z = 6–7 narrow-line quasars, are needed for more robust diagnostics and to determine their nature.

Strategies for generating panoramic video images without information about scene correspondences for multispectral distributed aperture systems

We derive analytical expressions for calculating the number of elementary computational operations required to generate several personal regions of interest in a panoramic computer-vision distributed-aperture system using two alternative strategies: strategy 1 involves acquisition of a complete panoramic frame, followed by the selection of personal regions of interest, while with strategy 2 the region of interest is directly formed for each user. The parameters of analytical expressions include the number of cameras in the distributed system, the number of users, and the resolution of panorama and user frames. The formulas obtained for the given parameters make it possible to determine a strategy that would be optimal in terms of a criterion of the minimum number of elementary computational operations for generating multiple personal regions of interest. The region of interest is generated using only a priori information about the internal and external camera parameters, obtained as a result of their photogrammetric calibration with a universal test object, and does not take into account information about scene correspondences at the boundaries of intersecting fields of view.

Between Rationalism and Romanticism - Archaeological Heritage Management in the 1990s

In this article it is argued that "heritage" both as a theoretical concept and a practice, is central to defining archaeology's role in society. Greater critical attention should therefore be given to this arena of archaeological practice on the part of theoretical archaeology and the heritage administration itself. Since archaeological heritage management is situated between interests in the present, these have to be defined as a first step. Three basic concepts and their role in shaping the development of archaeological heritage management are briefly analysed: the cultural environment, the cultural biography and cultural identity. It is argued that they are part of a development towards a more holistic perception and ideological use of the cultural heritage. This invites political manipulation. To avoid this, certain universal objectives in combination with ethical guidelines are suggested.

Massive stars in extremely metal-poor galaxies: a window into the past

Cosmic history has witnessed the lives and deaths of multiple generations of massive stars, all of them invigorating their host galaxies with ionizing photons, kinetic energy, fresh material, and stellar-mass black holes. Ubiquitous engines as they are, astrophysics needs a good understanding of their formation, evolution, properties and yields throughout the history of the Universe, and with decreasing metal content mimicking the environment at the earliest epochs. Ultimately, a physical model that could be extrapolated to zero metallicity would enable tackling long-standing questions such as “What did the first, very massive stars of the Universe look like?” or “What was their role in the re-ionization of the Universe?” Yet, most of our knowledge of metal-poor massive stars is drawn from one single point in metallicity. Massive stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC, sim 1/5Z⊙ ) currently serve as templates for low-metallicity objects in the early Universe, even though significant differences with respect to massive stars with poorer metal content have been reported. This White Paper summarizes the current knowledge on extremely (sub-SMC) metal poor massive stars, highlighting the most outstanding open questions and the need to supersede the SMC as standard. A new paradigm can be built from nearby extremely metal-poor galaxies that make a new metallicity ladder, but massive stars in these galaxies are out of reach to current observational facilities. Such a task would require an L-size mission, consisting of a 10m-class space telescope operating in the optical and the ultraviolet ranges. Alternatively, we propose that ESA unites efforts with NASA to make the LUVOIR mission concept a reality, thus continuing the successful partnership that made the Hubble Space Telescope one of the greatest observatories of all time.

The rare X-ray flaring activity of the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 4559 X7

ABSTRACT Ultraluminous X-ray sources are considered amongst the most extremely accreting objects in the local Universe. The recent discoveries of pulsating neutron stars in ULXs strengthened the scenario of highly super-Eddington accretion mechanisms on stellar mass compact objects. In this work, we present the first long-term light curve of the source NGC 4559 X7 using all the available Swift/XRT, XMM–Newton, Chandra, and NuSTAR data. Because of the high quality 2019 XMM–Newton and NuSTAR observations, we investigated in an unprecedented way the spectral and temporal properties of NGC 4559 X7. The source displayed flux variations of up to an order of magnitude and an unusual flaring activity. We modelled the spectra from NGC 4559 X7 with a combination of two thermal components, testing also the addition of a further high energy cut-off power law. We observed a spectral hardening associated with a luminosity increase during the flares, and a spectral softening in the epochs far from the flares. Narrow absorption and emission lines were also found in the RGS spectra, suggesting the presence of an outflow. Furthermore, we measured hard and (weak) soft lags with magnitudes of a few hundreds of seconds whose origin is possibly due to the accretion flow. We interpret the source properties in terms of a super-Eddington accretion scenario assuming the compact object is either a light stellar mass black hole or a neutron star.

РОЛЬ ВИДАВНИЦТВА «ЕЛМ» У СИСТЕМІ ВИДАНЬ НАУКОВИХ КНИГ У 40–50-Х РР. ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ

Наукова діяльність виникає з практичної діяльності людей та в міру свого розвитку починає передувати досвіду у формуванні нових об’єктів. Сьогодні наука стала універсальним об’єктом багатьох сфер діяльності. Це пов’язано з тією особливою роллю, яку наука відіграє в сучасній цивілізації. Наука, яка у ХХ столітті зроби- ла революцію у сфері матеріального виробництва та в багатьох інших сферах людської діяльності, а також у природі технічного прогресу, привела до нової якості життя в розвинених країнах Заходу і Сходу. Загалом формування взаємодії природи й суспільства на новому, якісному рівні пов’язане саме з розвитком науки. Сьогодні наука – складний і суперечливий об’єкт із позиції його існування й розвитку. Це стосується як історичного роз- витку науки (діахронічний аспект), так і її поточного стану (синхронічний аспект). Наука, як цілеспрямована, багатостороння, структурована сфера діяльності, має конкретну мету, предмет, засоби дії. Статтю при- свячено становленню та діяльності видавничого дому «Елм» у перші роки його існування. Вивчено загальну систему книговидання в Азербайджані в післявоєнні роки та визначено місце видавництва «Елм» у цій системі. Тематико-типологічний аналіз книжкового продукту, сформованого в результаті діяльності зазначеного видав- ництва, свідчить про те, що головним завданням видавництва «Елм» був не тільки друк необхідної продукції, а й реалізація її на користь науки. Для обґрунтування ролі видавництва в розвитку книжкової друкованої продукції використано різні статистичні показники та факти.

Kernel Point Convolution LSTM Networks for Radar Point Cloud Segmentation

State-of-the-art 3D object detection for autonomous driving is achieved by processing lidar sensor data with deep-learning methods. However, the detection quality of the state of the art is still far from enabling safe driving in all conditions. Additional sensor modalities need to be used to increase the confidence and robustness of the overall detection result. Researchers have recently explored radar data as an additional input source for universal 3D object detection. This paper proposes artificial neural network architectures to segment sparse radar point cloud data. Segmentation is an intermediate step towards radar object detection as a complementary concept to lidar object detection. Conceptually, we adapt Kernel Point Convolution (KPConv) layers for radar data. Additionally, we introduce a long short-term memory (LSTM) variant based on KPConv layers to make use of the information content in the time dimension of radar data. This is motivated by classical radar processing, where tracking of features over time is imperative to generate confident object proposals. We benchmark several variants of the network on the public nuScenes data set against a state-of-the-art pointnet-based approach. The performance of the networks is limited by the quality of the publicly available data. The radar data and radar-label quality is of great importance to the training and evaluation of machine learning models. Therefore, the advantages and disadvantages of the available data set, regarding its radar data, are discussed in detail. The need for a radar-focused data set for object detection is expressed. We assume that higher segmentation scores should be achievable with better-quality data for all models compared, and differences between the models should manifest more clearly. To facilitate research with additional radar data, the modular code for this research will be made available to the public.

Observational manifestations of ‘cosmological dinosaurs’ at redshifts z ∼ 20

ABSTRACT We consider a primordial black hole of very high mass, $10^9\!-\!10^{10}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$, surrounded by the dark matter and bayonic halo at redshifts z ∼ 20 without any local sources of energy release. Such heavy and concentrated objects in the early Universe were previously called ‘cosmological dinosaurs’. Spectral distribution and spatial variation of the brightness in the 21-cm line of atomic hydrogen are calculated with the theory of radiation transfer. It is shown that a narrow and deep absorption arises in the form of the spherical shell around the primordial black hole at the certain radius. The parameters of this shell depend almost exclusively on the mass of the black hole. The angular diameter 18 arcsec of the absorption ring at z ∼ 20 is well within the current technical possibilities of the Square Kilometre Array type telescopes. But the observation of the ring width itself requires an order of magnitude better resolution.

Metaphysical principles of causality and normativity in philosophy of education

The article is devoted to the metaphysical foundations of the philosophy of education, which are considered as sources of modeling the image of the future person, as well as the commission of certain actions. It investigates the evolution of these principles during the human civilization development. The principle of causality, considered as a fundamental ontological characteristic of being, suggests that a person can realize his desire for freedom only by subordinating his life to a universal objective law. Every phenomenon is seen in a causal perspective as a consequence of some cause and at the same time as the cause of some other effect.

Operator Product Expansion for Form Factors.

We propose an operator product expansion for planar form factors of local operators in N=4 SYM theory. This expansion is based on the dual conformal symmetry of these objects or, equivalently, the conformal symmetry of their dual description in terms of periodic Wilson loops. A form factor is decomposed into a sequence of known pentagon transitions and a new universal object that we call the "form factor transition." This transition is subject to a set of nontrivial bootstrap constraints, which are sufficient to fully determine it. We evaluate the form factor transition for maximally helicity-violating form factors of the chiral half of the stress tensor supermultiplet at leading order in perturbation theory and use it to produce operator product expansion predictions at any loop order. We match the one-loop and two-loop predictions with data available in the literature.

Color-flavor locked quark stars in energy–momentum squared gravity

Several attempts have been made in the past decades to search for the true ground state of the dense matter at sufficiently large densities and low temperatures via compact astrophysical objects. Focusing on strange stars, we derive the hydrostatic equilibrium assuming a maximally symmetric phase of homogeneous superconducting quark matter called the \textit{color-flavor-locked} (CFL) phase in the background of energy-momentum squared gravity (EMSG). Theoretical and experimental investigations show that strange quark matter (SQM) in a CFL state can be the true ground state of hadronic matter at least for asymptotic densities, and even if the unequal quark masses. Motivated by these theoretical models, we explore the structure of stellar objects in recently proposed EMSG, which allows a correction term $T_{\mu \nu}T^{\mu \nu}$ in the action functional of the theory. Interestingly, EMSG may be effective to resolve the problems at high energy densities, e.g., relevant to the early universe and dense compact astrophysical objects without invoking some new forms of fluid stress, such as bulk viscosity or scalar fields. Finally, we solve the complicated field equations numerically to obtain the mass-radius relations for strange stars in CFL equation of state.

Theoretical modeling of the logical-procedural system organizations of the history of society

This article focuses on the metaphysical foundations of educational philosophy. They are considered as the sources of future human modeling and the commission of certain actions. The article explores the evolution of these principles in the development of human civilization. The causality principle is considered as the entity's fundamental ontological characteristic. It suggests that a human being can realize his desire for freedom only by submitting his life to the universal objective law. In the causal perspective, any phenomenon is considered as the consequence of a cause and at the same time as the cause of some other consequence. The model of the world of primitive man could not and did not contain a picture of nature as a certain arrangement of phenomena, united by unified cause-and-effect laws. However, it does not mean that our primitive ancestors did not imagine the world around them without the categories of order, just in his mind, there was a different order.

Quantum symmetry of graph $C^{\ast }$-algebras at\cr critical inverse temperature

We give a notion of quantum automorphism group of graph C*-algebras without sink at critical inverse temperature. This is defined to be the universal object of a category of CQG's having a linear action in the sense of [11] and preserving the KMS state at critical inverse temperature. We show that this category for a certain KMS state at critical inverse temperature coincides with the category introduced in [11] for a class of graphs. We also introduce an orthogonal filtration on Cuntz algebra with respect to the unique KMS state and show that the category of CQG's preserving the orthogonal filtration coincides with the category introduced in this paper.

Games With Space

The culture beeing in the geographical space is one of the important problem fields of ontology. The process of understanding the environment has many levels and characteristics. Culture is an universal object of semiotics, in this case it is considered as a subject of the semioticization of geographical space, the formation of the image of the world. Culture inherits and constantly renews the main discourses associated with this ongoing process, the origins of which lie in the deep archaic. As a result, stable representations of geographical objects and/or permanent culturally significant symbols with different degrees of spatial connotations are formed. Much more interesting than the already formed images and symbols is the process of their creation and the patterns and frames that can be traced in it. The meanings created by culture are involved in the process of secondary interpretation. The most common are several areas of interpretation that play an active role in structuring our ideas about the geocultural space. They can be conventionally referred to as “games with space”, because they have a certain amount of arbitrariness, but also have established rules. This article discusses a few of them – games of range, games of geographical modeling, games of structures, of time, of significations, of emotions and institutionalization.

Human conception of the environment

This article focuses on the metaphysical foundations of educational philosophy. They are considered as the sources of future human modeling and the commission of certain actions. The article explores the evolution of these principles in the development of human civilization. The causality principle is considered as the entity’s fundamental ontological characteristic. It suggests that a human being can realize his desire for freedom only by submitting his life to the universal objective law. In the causal perspective, any phenomenon is considered as the consequence of a cause and at the same time as the cause of some other consequence. The model of the world of primitive man could not and did not contain a picture of nature as a certain arrangement of phenomena, united by unified cause-and-effect laws. However, it does not mean that our primitive ancestors did not imagine the world around them without the categories of order, just in his mind, there was a different order.

F-inverse monoids as algebraic structures in enriched signature

Every $F$-inverse monoid can be equipped with the unary operation which maps each element to the maximum element of its $\sigma$-class. In this enriched signature, the class of all $F$-inverse monoids forms a variety of algebraic structures. We describe universal objects in several classes of $F$-inverse monoids, in particular free $F$-inverse monoids. More precisely, for every $X$-generated group $G$ we describe the initial object in the category of all $X$-generated $F$-inverse monoids $F$ for which $F/\sigma=G$.

Algorithmization of the combined approach to the synthesis of engineering solutions

This article focuses on solving the problem of designing new, more adapted and universal technical objects associated with the conceptual design of complex structural elements, and require the analysis and assessment of a large number of possible alternatives. To solve this problem, an urgent problem arises of creating new and improving existing methods for finding engineering solutions that will effectively solve the problem of synthesizing technical solutions using modern technologies. The solution to this problem is presented in this article, which proposes a combined approach to the synthesis of engineering solutions, based on the classical method of morphological research (to form a set of alternatives) and neural network technology (to form a rational technical solution). The article presents the developed algorithm for the operation of the block of intelligent decision making, which provides the process of synthesizing engineering solutions of the intellectual component and expands the technical level of the developed functional units, while reducing their design time. The paper presents a developed structural-functional model for the synthesis of engineering solutions, based on the proposed combined approach.

Гипнометафора как дискурсивный механизм речевого воздействия (на примере психологических тренингов Натальи Грейс)

The article deals with the concept of hypnotic metaphor in psychiatry and linguistics and explores its application in the situation of public teaching discourse. The right-hemisphere mechanisms of perception are considered in order to detect sensory images, represented in the universal object code, since the processes of mastering the facts, which are based on similarity, adjacency, imagery, take place in the right hemisphere. The connection of mirror neurons with metaphorical thinking is assumed. The classification of metaphor types in psychotherapeutic literature is given. The article analyzes the performance of modern speaker-coaches, given as lectures, trainings, conversations and designed to effectively change the emotional mood and categorical constructs of listeners. Otherwise, listeners simply will not buy tickets for these events. It is concluded that modern lecture trainings are a kind of group psychotherapy session. Information is fed in a ‘live stream’ of right-hemisphere mechanisms involving mirror neurons. Coach rhetoric is a system of metaphors that are archetypes of consciousness and are part of the basic layer of the conceptual framework.