Obesity In Chinese Han Population Research Articles

Association between olfactory pathway gene variants and obesity in Chinese Han population: A case-control study based on genetic score.

Our previous bivariate genome-wide association study in dizygotic twins suggested that the olfactory transduction pathway genes were associated with obesity in Northern Han Chinese adults. In this study, we attempted to verify the associations of the olfactory transduction pathway genes score with obesity in population with the same genetic background, and to estimate the interaction between gene variants and potential environment factors. A case-control study was conducted in Qingdao, China in 2019-2021, which enrolled 301 obesity cases and 307 controls. Based on the candidate gene selection method, 29 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 7 olfactory pathway genes were selected. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was isolated and purified from the peripheral blood leukocytes by using DNA extraction kits and was genotyped by the MassArray system. The weighted genetic score of each gene was calculated to analyze the effect of whole gene. The effect of gene scores on obesity and the gene-environment interaction were estimated by logistic regression. After adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, we observed positive associations of OR4D1 (OR=1.531, 95% CI=1.083-2.164, P=0.016) and OR52K1 (OR=1.437, 95% CI=1.055-1.957, P=0.022) gene scores with obesity, as well as negative associations of OR2L8 (OR=0.708, 95% CI=0.504-0.995, P=0.046) and CALML3 (OR=0.601, 95% CI=0.410-0.881, P=0.009) gene scores with obesity. Significant multiplicative model interaction between OR4D1 and smoking (Pinteraction=0.041) as well as CALML3 and smoking (Pinteraction=0.026) on obesity were identified. Stratified analysis showed that in smokers, OR4D1 gene score was positively associated with obesity (OR=2.673, 95% CI=1.348-5.299, P=0.005) and CALML3 gene score was negatively correlated with obesity (OR=0.252, 95% CI=0.103-0.618, P=0.003). The relationships were not statistically significant in non-smokers (OR4D1: OR=1.216, 95% CI=0.806-1.836, P=0.351; CALML3: OR=0.764, 95% CI=0.492-1.188, P=0.232). Genetic variations in the olfactory pathway were associated with obesity in Northern Han Chinese adults. Smoking modified the effect of OR4D1 and CALML3 gene variants on obesity.

Polymorphism of Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: The article is to investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene rs7903146 and type 2 diabetes mellitus with obesity in Chinese Han population. Methods: 216 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 92 males, 124 females, 194 normal controls, 89 males and 105 females. The polymorphism of TCF7L2 gene rs7903146 was measured by PCR-RFLP. PCR amplifier was used for amplification reaction, followed by polymorphism analysis of TCF7L2 gene: the reaction system was 20 μl, among which restriction endonuclease was 0.5 μl and PCR product was 7.5 μl. Restriction enzyme SspI (Fermentas) was used for PCR product and was bathed at 37°C for 16 h. The enzyme digestion products were detected and genotypes were identified by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis. The genotyping was repeated in 10% of the samples, and the genotyping rate was 100%. Height and weight were measured and BMI calculated. According to BMI, the experimental group was further divided into the obese group (n = 137, BMI > 25 kg/m2) and the normal body mass group (n = 79, BMI 2). Normal control group: BMI 2: FBG P P > 0.05). There was a significant difference in genotype frequency between the control group and the experimental group (χ2 = 17.382, P P > 0.05). Genotype frequency at BMI level was significantly different between the control group and the T2DM group (χ2 = 20.427, P = 0.001), but there was no significant difference in allele frequency distribution (P > 0.05). The TT type and TC + CC type were significantly different between the T2DM group and the control group (χ2 = 78.154, P = 0.006) and the T2DM obesity group and the control group (χ2 = 7.247, P = 0.009), but there was no significant difference between the T2DM normal body mass group and the control group (P > 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference between TC type + TT type and CC type between the T2DM group and the control group and the T2DM obesity group and the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: There were significant differences in the genotype frequency and recessive inheritance pattern (TT/CC + TC) of rs7903146, suggesting that this SNP may be associated with the incidence of T2DM in obesity and insulin resistance.

The relationship between human adenovirus 36 and obesity in Chinese Han population.

The study aimed to explore the prevalence of human adenovirus-36 (HAdV-36) infection and the association of HAdV-36 with obesity in Chinese Han population. A qualitative determination using ELISA was performed to determine by duplication of the antibodies to HAdV-36 in the serum samples. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between HAdV-36 seropositivity and obesity. The overall HAdV-36 seroprevalence was 49.8% amongst 824 participants. The prevalence of HAdV-36 seropositive was 42.9 and 51.4% in the obese and non-obese participants, respectively, which was not statistically significant (P=0.05). There were significant differences in the anthropometric and biochemical parameters observed between the two groups except for height (P=0.067) and total cholesterol (TC) (P<0.29). After the adjustment for age and gender, HAdV-36 seropositivity was a protective factor for obesity (odds ratio (OR) = 0.69, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) = 0.48–0.97, P=0.03). In the male population, the adjusted OR for AD-36 antibody-positive status was statistically decreased for obese adults (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.39–0.91; P=0.02). However, the similar result was not obtained in the female population (OR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.48–1.67; P=0.73). We found a high prevalence of HAdV-36 infection in China and significant association between HAdV-36 infection and obesity or weight gain after the adjustment for age and gender. The HAdV-36 infection may be related to the weight loss in Chinese Han population, especially in the male group, which needs to be further confirmed.

Associations of polymorphisms in circadian genes with abdominal obesity in Chinese adult population

Circadian rhythm, which is controlled by circadian genes, regulates metabolic balance including the circulating levels of glucose, fatty acids, triglycerides, various hormones and so on. The study aimed to investigate the impact of potential polymorphisms in circadian genes on abdominal obesity among Chinese Han adults. A total of 260 cases with abdominal obesity and 260 controls were recruited by individual matching. Demographic characteristics and lifestyle information were collected by a validated questionnaire, and anthropometric parameters was measured by physical examination. Twenty-three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three circadian genes, CLOCK, CRY1 and CRY2, were genotyped by MassArray technique. Five SNPs significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) among controls, so eighteen SNPs were taken into logistic regression analysis. Independently, CLOCK rs10002541 (CC genotype vs. TT genotype: OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.23-0.86), CLOCK rs6850524 (CC genotype vs. GG genotype: OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.25-0.99) and CRY1 rs10861688 (TT genotype vs. CC genotype: OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.25-0.97) were negatively associated with the risk of abdominal obesity. Haplotype analysis showed that the haplotypes of CG and TG for CLOCK rs10002541 and rs4864546 had significant associations with abdominal obesity. Compared with the carriers of TA, those of CG were observed to have a lower risk (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56-0.99) of abdominal obesity, and those of TG presented a higher risk (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.03-2.81). Our findings suggest that CLOCK and CRY1 polymorphisms might be involved in individual susceptibility to abdominal obesity in Chinese Han population.

Analysis of -3826A/G polymorphism in the promoter of the uncoupling protein-1 gene in Chinese non-obese and obese populations

To investigate the -3826A/G polymorphism in the promoter of the uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) gene and its relations to obesity in Chinese population. Three hundred and eighty-four subjects (257 non-obese and 127 obese individuals) from a population of Chinese Han nationality in Chengdu area were studied using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLPs). Serum lipids were measured by enzymatic kits and apolipoproteins A I, A II, B100, C II, C III and E were measured by the RID kits. The frequencies of A and G alleles at -3826A/G site in obese and non-obese groups were 0.508 and 0.492, and 0.467 and 0.533, respectively. It showed no significant difference in allele frequencies between non-obese and obese groups (P > 0.05). In the obese group, subjects with genotype GG had higher serum apo B100 concentrations, and those with genotype AG had higher apo C II and apo C III levels, than those with genotype AA, respectively (P < 0.05). In non-obese male subgroup, subjects with genotype GG had lower serum HDL-C and apo A I levels than those with genotype AA, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas those with genotype AG had lower apo A II levels than those with genotype AA. In addition, in obese males with genotype GG had elevated apo B100 levels compared with those with genotype AA, whereas in obese females with genotype GG had decreased apo AI levels and genotype AG had increased apo C II and apo C III levels compared with those with genotype AG and AA, respectively (P < 0.05). -3826A/G polymorphism in the promoter of the uncoupling protein-1 gene was not associated with obesity in Chinese Han population of Chengdu area. It may be associated with serum HDL-C, apo A I and apo B100 levels in non-obese and/or obese subjects of certain genders.

Common rs7138803 variant of FAIM2 and obesity in Han Chinese

BackgroundObesity causes severe healthcare problem worldwide leading to numerous diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Previous Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) identified an association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7138803, on chromosome 12q13 and obesity in European Caucasians. Since the genetic architecture governing the obesity may vary among different populations, we investigate the variant rs7138803 in Chinese population to find out whether it is associated with obesity.MethodsA population-based cohort association study was carried out using the High Resolution Melt (HRM) method with 1851 participants. The association between rs7138803 genotypes and body mass index (BMI) was modeled with a general linear model, and a case–control study for the association between rs7138803 genotypes and obesity was performed using Pearson’s χ2 test. There was no indication of a deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE p value = 0.51) in our sample.ResultsNo association was detected between SNP rs7138803 and BMI in our Chinese Han population with a P value of 0.51. SNP rs7138803 was found to be not associated with common forms of obesity after adjusting for age and sex in the Chinese population. SNP rs7138803 was not associated with other obesity related traits, including T2DM, hypertension, lipid profiles, and ischemic stroke.ConclusionOur data suggest that the rs7138803 exerts no significant effect on obesity in Chinese Han population. Larger cohorts may be more appropriate to detect an effect of this SNP on common obesity.

Rs4074134 Near BDNF Gene Is Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Han Population Independently of Body Mass Index

Obesity and family history are the most important predictors for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) in the Chinese Han population. However, it is not known whether the genetic loci related to obesity are associated with the risk of developing T2DM in this population. The present case-control study evaluated the associations between five genetic loci for obesity and the pathogenesis of T2DM. The study included 1117 Chinese Han patients with T2DM, 1629 patients with pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, IFG/IGT) and 1113 control subjects residing in Beijing. Five genetic loci including rs2815752 near NEGR1, rs10938397 near GNPDA2, rs4074134 near BDNF, rs17782313 near MC4R and rs1084753 near KCTD15 were genotyped. The results showed an association between rs4074134-BDNF minor allele and T2DM irrespective of age, gender and body mass index (BMI) (OR = 0.87; 95%CI: 0.77–0.99, P = 0.04). This SNP was also associated with pre-diabetes (OR = 0.87; 95%CI: 0.77–0.97, P = 0.01) independently of age, gender and BMI. No associations were found between diabetes or pre-diabetes and any of the other SNP loci studied. Genotype–phenotype association analysis (adjusting for age and gender) showed rs4074134-BDNF to be associated with BMI, waist circumference, fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, fasting serum insulin, and HOMA-IR in subjects without T2DM. However, fasting and postprandial plasma glucose were the only significant factors after adjusting for BMI. These results suggest that the common variation of BDNF (rs4074134) is associated with T2DM independently of obesity in Chinese Han population. This variant also has an effect on plasma glucose concentration, BMI and insulin sensitivity.

Synergistic effect of LEP and LEPR gene polymorphism on body mass index in a Chinese population

Both leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) are important in the regulation of body weight. In this study, we evaluated the individual and combined effects of a polymorphic microsatellite marker in the LEP gene 3' flanking region and two polymorphisms (Lys109Arg and Lys656Asn) of the LEPR gene on metabolic markers for obesity in a Chinese population. The genotypes of polymorphisms in LEP and LEPR gene were determined by PCR and SSCP assay in 230 simple obese subjects and 202 control subjects of Chinese population. Logistic regression analysis showed that polymorphism in LEP gene 3' flanking region was associated with waist/hip ratio (WHR) (P = 0.042). Individually, Lys109Arg variant in LEPR gene was associated with systolic blood pressure (P = 0.031) in males, and Lys656Asn variant was associated with serum triglyceride level (P = 0.026). Interestingly, only subjects that simultaneously exhibit all three polymorphisms showed a significantly elevated BMI (29.30 ± 0.85 vs 26.91 ± 1.19, P = 0.037). Taken together, our data suggest that a combination of polymorphism in the LEP gene 3' flanking region, and Lys109Arg, Lys656Asn variants in LEPR gene is associated with obesity in Chinese Han population.

Haplotype structure of C-reactive protein (CRP) gene and the association with obesity in Chinese Han population

Objective: To determine the association between the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-crp) level and sex, age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, mid-upper arm circumference (MAC) and smoking, and to assess the association of the SNPs and the haplotype structure of CRP gene with obesity. Methods: The hs-crp level was measured in 1365 subjects. Three taq-SNPs of CRP gene were selected and genotyped in a case–control study with 347 subjects. SPSS 13.0 and Haploview 4.0 software were used for statistical analysis.

Haplotype structure of cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor alpha-like factor A (CIDEA) gene and the association with obesity in Chinese Han population

Objective: To identify common sequence variants (SNPs) in CIDEA in Chinese Han population and to assess the association of the SNPs and the haplotype structure of CIDEA gene with obesity. Methods: Re-sequenced CIDEA gene was conducted in 40 persons recruited at Beijing Xuanwu Hospital. Taq-SNPs were selected and genotyped in a case-control study with 347 subjects. Blood samples of subjects and anthropometric measurements were collected. SPSS 13.0, Haploview 4.0 and Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) software were used for statistical analysis.

APM1 gene variants −11377C/G and 4545G/C are associated respectively with obesity and with non-obesity in Chinese type 2 diabetes

In order to explore the different genetic backgrounds of non-obese and obese type 2 diabetes, we tried to genotype six SNPs (−11391G/A, −11377C/G, −10068G/A, G54V, Y111H and 4545G/C) in the adipose most abundant gene transcript-1 ( APM1) gene in 338 type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients and 460 non-diabetic subjects by PCR–RFLP. Among these mutations, the 4545G/C mutation (rs1063539) contributed to the genetic risk of T2D in the non-obese group (OR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.31–4.21, P = 0.004), and 57% of the risk is related to this polymorphism. On the contrary, −11377C/G (rs266729) was associated with type 2 diabetes in the obese group only (OR = 2.45, 95%CI: 1.13–5.31, P = 0.02), and 59% risk of diabesity could be attributed to that. All the associations above were adjusted for age and gender in unconditional logistic regression. Besides, the −11377G/4545C haplotype was merely related to obese diabetes (OR = 2.12, 95%CI: 1.08–4.14, P = 0.03). In addition, the obese diabetic group had significantly higher levels of triglyceride and insulin, better beta-cell function but lower glucose levels than the non-obese group (all P values <0.01). This study suggests that the genetic susceptibility is different between type 2 diabetes with and without obesity in Chinese Han population.