Number Of Productive Branches Research Articles

Application of coffee husk compost and EM4 on growth and yield of chili pepper (Capsicum Frutescens L.)

This research is intended to comprehend the effect of using waste from coffee husk and EM4 concentration on the growth and yield of chili pepper plants with two factors and repeating 3 times. The research starts from October 2018 to January 2019 by using a factorial randomized block design (RBD), which consisted of two factors namely: The factor of coffee husk waste (K) consisting of 4 levels, while the factor of EM4 concentration consist 4 levels. The research results prove that the waste of coffee husk has a significant impact on the number of productive branches, the number of fruits per plant, and fruit weight per plot. It significantly affects plant height at 45 days after planting (DAP) and stems diameter at 45 days after planting (DAP). The best treatment of coffee husk compost is found in K3 treatment (30 ton/ha). The treatment of EM4 concentration has a good effect on the number of productive branches, the number of fruits per plant, and fruit weight per plot. The best EM4 concentration treatment is found in the B3 treatment (15 mL/L water). The interaction between the coffee husk waste and the EM4 concentration confirms a significant effect on fruit weight per plot. The finest interaction is found in the compost of coffee husk waste 30 ton/ha with a concentration of EM4 15 mL/L water.

Test on Cayenne chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) varieties on different growing media bioponically

The research aims to determine the varieties and composition of the planting media that provide the best growth and production, to determine which varieties provide the best growth and production of chili plants, one of the compositions of the planting medium that provides the best growth and production of chili plants, and to determine the parameters that high heritability value. The research took place from January to April 2019. The study used a separate plot design. The main plot is the composition of the planting medium which consists of 3 types of composition, namely: Burnt Husk, Cocopeat, and Baked Husk: Cocopeat 1: 1. Sub-plot, namely cayenne pepper, 5 varieties of chili, namely: Bara, Pelita 8 F1, Merapi, Sonar, and Centil. The results showed that the treatment that gave the highest growth and production was the treatment of cocopeat growing media with Sonar varieties with a value of 10.22 g/plant. The planting medium that gave the highest growth and production was the treatment of roasted husk growing media: cocopeat 1: 1 with a value of 8.68 g/plant. The variety that had the highest growth and production was the Sonar variety treatment with a value of 9.43 g/plant. Parameters that give high heritability are plant height, number of productive branches, flowering age, harvest age, fresh root weight, root volume, number of fruit harvested, production, and fruit length.

Pertumbuhan dan produksi beberapa mutan kedelai Kipas Merah generasi ke lima di kebun percobaan Lampahan Bener Meriah

The research objective was to determine the growth and production of the fifth generation mutant soybean (M5) at the Lampahan Bener Meriah University Farm. This study used a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD) with three replications, where four genotypes of Kipas Merah mutants were tested and compared with Kipas Merah (their parents) and Grobogan variety (large seeds). The variables observed were plant height, number of branches, number of productive branches, days of flowering, number of pods, number of pithy pods, number of seeds, weight of seeds per plant and weight of 100 seeds. The results of this study indicate that the M5 mutant soybean genotype has no significant different on plant height at age 4, 6, 8 WAP, number of branches per plant aged 6, 8 WAP, number of pods, and number of productive branches per plant. The highest average plant height and the highest number of productive branches found in Kipas Merah (G0) varieties. Mutant soybean genotype M5 had a very significant effect on flowering age and seed weight per plot. The fastest flowering was Kipas Merah (G0) and the latest flowering was A11 (G4) and A14 (G5) mutants. The highest weight of 100 seeds found in mutant A11 (G4) about 18.585 g and no significant different with Grobogan variety (18.827 g). The highest seed weight per plot found in mutant A11 (G4) about 169.35g. Based on the results of this study, mutant A11 (G4) was the best growth and production of the tested M5 genotypes.

Genotype by environment interaction on phenology and synchronous maturity of mungbean

AbstractGenotype × environment interaction (G×E) of harvest period should be involved to assess the suitability of mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) for monoculture or intercropping cultivations. This research was aimed to study the effect of G×E interactions on phenology and synchronous maturity, the change of genetic parameter estimates, and the stability of harvest period in mungbean. The study was conducted in Bogor, Indonesia, from December 2017 to October 2018 in four environments: wet season, monoculture (WS.M) and intercropping (WS.I); dry season, monoculture (DS.M) and intercropping (DS.I). Ten mungbean genotypes were evaluated in monoculture and intercropping with sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] cultivar Numbu using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The phenological traits, namely days to flowering, days to the first harvest, days to 90% harvest, plant height, number of productive branches, seed weight per plant (SWP), and the synchronous maturity traits, namely harvest period, degree indetermination of plant height (DDh1), degree of indetermination of harvest period (DDd2), were observed. The results showed that the G×E interaction effect was highly significant (p < .01) for all phenological and synchronous maturity traits except DDd2. Phenotypic expression of all traits, except SWP and DDh1, were largely controlled by the genetic factor (h2bs > 59.83%). Kefa, Kawur, VR480B, Lom2, MLB, Vima 2, VR10, VR60 were stable (bi = 1), VR05 was sensitive (bi = 1.70), and No.129 was insensitive (bi = 0.66) and suitable for monoculture in the dry season. The GGE biplot showed Kefa as a stable genotype with the shortest harvest period. Mungbean selection for synchronous maturity can use harvest period trait in monoculture at dry season.

Potensi mikroba penambat nitrogen dan pelarut fosfat untuk optimalisasi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai

This study aims to evaluate the effect of nitrogen-fixing microbes and phosphate solubilizing microbes on the growth and yield of soybean. Research conducted in practicum land Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Majalengka from January to May 2019. The method used in this research was a factorial randomized block design consisting of 16 treatments repeated three times. The first factor was inoculant of nitrogen-fixing microbial (n), which consists of n0 (without inoculation), n1 (5 g inoculation MPN/kg seeds), n2 (10 g inoculation MPN/kg seeds), n3 (15 g inoculation MPN/kg seeds). The second factor was phosphate solubilize microbe (b) consists of b0 (0 kg/ha of phosphate solubilizing microbes), b1 (50 kg/ha of phosphate solubilizing microbes), b2 (100 kg/ha of phosphate solubilizing microbes), and b3 (150 kg/ha of phosphate solubilizing microbes). The differences between average were tested using Duncan's multiple range test. The analysis showed that the application of both nitrogen-fixing microbial and phosphate solubilize microbes was an effect on the growth and yield of soybean plants. N-fixing microbes and phosphate solvents effect on plant height, the number of productive branches, leaf area index, except on the number of filled pods, the number of grain per plant, weight of 100 grains, the weight of grain per plant, and weight of grain/plot, most optimal dose is 150 kg/ha MPF. The most optimal dose is 5 g for MPN inoculation and 100 kg/ha for MPF on the mean of the observed variables.

Morpho-Physiological responses of brown-seeded soybean genotypes under low light intensity

The objective of the study was to know the responses of morphological and physiological traits of brown-seeded soybeanunder low light intensity. The study was conducted using the Experimental Method and the Split Plot Design was used in the experiment. The main plot was light intensity (L) and the subplot was genotypes (G). The main plot consists of L0 (fully light intensity) and L1(low light intensity, under black shading net of 65% light intensity). The brown-seeded soybean consists of 13 genotypes (KH 7B, KH 7C, KH 7D, KH 9, KH 14, KH 50B, KH 35, KH 8B, KH 31A, KH 35E, Ceneng, Burangrang, and KH1). The 13 genotypes were planted in pots in three replicates. Results of the study showed that: (1)The morpho-physiological responses of brown-seeded soybean varied under the low light intensity: the plant height, the leaf area, and the chlorophyll A and B contents increased, but the number of productive branches, the number of leaves, the specific leaf weight, the number of seeds per plant, the number of filled pods, the number of empty pods, and the seed weight per plant decreased. (2) Under the low light intensity, KH9 indicated the highest plant height, number of productive branches, number of leaves, and chlorophyll b content but the lowest seed size (100 seed weight), KH35E produced a high number of seeds per plant and filled pods, KH1 indicated the highest of the 100 seed weight, KH35 tends to produce the highest seed weight per plant, chlorophyll A content, and stable of the seed weight per plant.

Genetic advance on tandem selection of several soybean genotypes

Soybean consumption in Indonesia continues to increase with increasing population. However, soybean production in Indonesia is still not able to fulfil domestic needs. Increasing soybean production both in quantity and quality continues to be done through plant breeding strategies. Selection is carried out to select suitable characters for breeding purposes. The effectiveness and efficiency of selection is influenced by the amount genetic advance. This study aims to determine the genetic advance of soybean by tandem selection. This research was conducted using fourteen treatments of the seventh generation of soybean plant genotypes with three replications. The selection method used was tandem selection. The data were obtained from observations of the agronomic characters of soybean plants selected from the tandem selection. The data was analyzed using variance, and then continued with the 5% Scott-Knott test, and genetic advance. The genetic advance resulted from this study were as follows: classified as low were flowering age with 4.94%, and harvesting age with 7.80%; classified as moderate was yield per plant with 12.36%; classified as high were plant height with 23.36%, the number of productive branches with 17.66%, the number of fertile nodes with 29.26%, 100 grain weight with 17.00%, and the number of pods planted with 27.67%.

The effects of phosphate and lime fertilizer on the growth and production of soybean plants in a former wetland

This research aims to investigate the effects of phosphate and lime fertilizer on the growth and production of soybean plants in a former wetland. It was carried at the Experimental Field of the Agriculture Faculty, Samudra University Langsa, at a height of 3 meters above sea level (MASL) and a soil pH of 5.5. The results showed that phosphate fertilizer had a significant effect on plant height at the age of 30 DAP, the number of pods per polybag, the number of filled pods, the weight of dry seeds per polybag, and the weight of 100 dry seeds; however, it had no significant effect on plant height at the age 10 and 20 DAP, as well as on the number of productive branches. The most effective type of phosphate fertilizer found in this research was P3 (TSP). The most effective type of lime fertilizer found in this study was K2 (Dolomite). The combination of phosphate and lime fertilizer found to have a significant effect on the number of pods per polybag and the number of filled pods. The best combination of phosphate and lime fertilizer was P3K2 (TSP + Dolomite) giving the best results.

PENGARUH KADAR LENGAS TANAH PADA BERBAGAI FASE PERTUMBUHAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KEDELAI

Soybeans are a very important food requirement in Indonesia, but they often face drought problems. Drought stress causes inefficient nitrogen absorption and makes the stomata close early so photosynthesis is not optimal, resulting in reduced yield. This research was conducted from August 2020 to October 2020 in Demangan village, Sambi sub-district, Boyolali district with polybags in a plastic house. This research method used Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two factors and repeated 3 times. The first factor was soil moisture content consisting ie. 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% of field capacity. The second factor, the growth phase consists of active vegetative, flowering, and seed filling. Observations included the number of branches, number of productive branches, number of trifoliate leaves, the weight of filled pods, and weight of 100 dry seeds. Drought stress reduced the growth and yield of soybean at 25% moisture content in the field capacity of the seed filling phase. The number of branches, the number of productive branches, the number of trifoliate leaves, the weight of filled pods, and the weight of 100 dry seeds decreased with the lowest value.

Effect of Improved Agronomic Approaches on Growth and Yield of Redgram [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] under Rainfed Ecosystem

Background: Redgram is an important food legume which is largely cultivated under rainfed condition. In India rainfed agriculture contributes 80% of the total pulses production and the projected requirement will be 39 million tons by 2050 which necessitates an annual growth rate of 2.2%. The productivity has to be increased from the present level of 834 kg ha-1 to 1200 kg ha-1. With adoption of suitable agronomic management strategies the productivity could be increased to meet our demand and achieve self sufficiency in production. Hence the current study was carried out to increase the productivity of redgram under rainfed condition.Methods: Field experiment was conducted in farmer’s field in Madurai district, Tamil Nadu during North East Monsoon season of 2019 to study the effect of improved agronomic manipulations on growth and yield of redgram under rainfed ecosystem. Agronomic management approaches viz., nipping of primary branches at 45 and 60 days after receipt of soaking rain, high density planting at 30 cm × 30 cm in addition to recommended spacing of 60 cm × 30 cm and foliar application of 1% PPFM spray were compared with farmer’s practice in the redgram variety Co (RG) 7. Pre monsoon sowing has been taken up and the rainfall received during the cropping period was 521.7 mm received in 31 rainy days.Result: The field experimental results revealed that adoption of agronomic manipulation at the appropriate stage of the crop has increased the productivity of redgram. Nipping of primary branches at 45th day of the crop significantly increased the total number of productive branches, number of pods plant-1 and recorded the maximum seed yield of 1512 kg ha-1 (72 per cent increase over farmer’s practice) under rainfed condition.

Pengaruh Jarak Tanam Dan Penggunaan Mulsa Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.)

The study was conducted in Pepara Village, Tanah Grogot District, Paser Regency. The research was conducted from October 2018 to February 2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of planting distance and mulch use on the growth and yield of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). This research was in the form of an experiment using a Randomized Block Design arranged in factorial two factors with three replications. The first factor is the treatment of plant spacing with three levels, namely j1 = 60 x 60 cm, j2 = 60 x 70 cm, j3 = 60 x 80 cm. The second factor is the use of mulch which consists of 3 levels, namely m1 = no mulch, m2 = rice straw mulch, m3 = silver black plastic mulch. Based on the results of the study showed the results that plant spacing had a very significant effect on the height of Chilli plants at the age of 2 MST and 4 MST, the number of productive branches, the number of fruits per crop of the second harvest sample, the weight of the fruit per crop of the second harvest sample, weight of fruit per bed and weight of fruit per hectare. The use of mulch also has a very significant effect on plant height at ages 2 MST, 4 MST, number of productive branches, the weight of fruit per crop of the second harvest sample, weight of fruit per bed and weight of fruit per hectare. While the interaction between the two plant spacing treatments with the use of mulch had no significant effect on plant height at ages 2 MST, 4 MST, 6 MST, the number of proactive branches, the number of fruit planted samples, the weight of fruit planted samples, fruit weight per bed and fruit weight per hectare.

The impact of foliar feeding on the yield components of three winter rape morphotypes (Brassica napus L.)

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the impact of foliar fertilizers containing amino acids, sulphur, boron on the number of productive branches, the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds in pods and the length of pods of three winter rape (Brassica napus) varieties (Monolit, PX115, PT248). The research was carried out in 2016-2017, 2017-2018, 2018-2019 at the Zawady Agricultural Experimental Station (52o03’N and 22o33’E) belonging to the University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce, Poland. The field experiment was set up in a split-plot layout in triplicate. The area of one plot for harvest was 21 m2. The examined factors were I - morphotipe of winter rape: population variety (Monolit), hybrid restored with a semi-dwarf growth type (PX115), hybrid restored with a traditional growth type (PT248). II - types of foliar feeding: 1. treatment without biostimulator and foliar feeding, 2. Bioregulator Aminoplant, 3. Foliar fertilizer Siarkomag with foliar fertilizer Bormax, 4. Foliar fertilizer Siarkomag with foliar fertilizer Bormax and Aminoplant. Variable climatic conditions in the years of the experiment affected the studied components of seed yield of three L. morphotypes. In the year 2016-2017 of research, the plants produced the most productive branches, had the longest pods filled with the largest number of seeds. Foliar nutrition with a biostimulator containing amino acids did not significantly affect the increase of the number of productive branches, pods per plant and pod length compared to the variant on which no foliar fertilization was applied. Foliar fertilization with S and B in combination with bio-stimulators was the most effective in increasing the components of seed yield, while the number of productive branches and length of pods under the influence of foliar fertilizers was the same regardless of the application of the biostimulator. The long-stem variety had longer pods that were filled with more seeds than the others.

CALCIUM AS SALINITY MITIGATOR ON THE PRODUCTION COMPONENTS OF PASSION FRUIT CULTIVATED IN PROTECTED PITS1

ABSTRACT The high rate of evaporation and the limitation of water, in quantity and quality, require the search for strategies that enable the sustainability of agriculture in the world. The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of water salinity, lateral protection of the pits and calcium doses on the production components of passion fruit cv. BRS GA1. The treatments were arranged in a 2 x (2 x 5) split plot, corresponding to water salinity (0.3 and 4.0 dS m-1) in the main plot, and combinations between lateral protection of the pits (without and with) and calcium doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) in the subplots. Number of productive branches, indices of early ripening and concentrated cropping, calculated from the weekly yields, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight and yield were evaluated. The increase in electrical conductivity of irrigation water delays harvest and reduces the number of fruits per plant, fruit weight and yield of passion fruit. The lateral protection of the pits did not have a positive effect on the cultivation of passion fruit irrigated with saline water. Calcium dose of 60 kg ha-1 in the Entisol with low content of this macronutrient attenuates the effects of irrigation with saline water, increasing the yield of yellow passion fruit.

Karakter Agronomis dan Fisiologis Tanaman Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) pada Dataran Tinggi di Kecamatan Pejawaran Kab. Banjarnegara

The agronomic characteristics of Robusta coffee plants are influenced by several factors, one of which is altitude. Robusta coffee can grow optimally at an altitude of 400-1,000 meters above sea level with a temperature of 21-24 °C. Pejawaran sub-district is known as a mountainous area with a height of 900-1600 m above sea level. This research was conducted in July to September 2019 in the coffee garden of Sarwodadi Village, Pejawaran District, Banjarnegara Regency. The selection of research sites was carried out by conducting a survey where 3 altitudes were selected that had a greater number of coffee plants. The research sites include 1,100 m asl, 1,200 m asl and 1,350 m asl, plant samples taken are 10% of the total plant population. Variables observed included chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, stomata opening, stomata density, plant height, stem diameter, number of productive branches, number of bunches per plant and yield per plant. The results showed that the altitude of 1,100 m asl has chlorophyll content, the number of bunches per plant and yield per plant is better than the other heights of 20.95 mg / g, 8.64 mg / g, 113 and 6.64 kg. The chlorophyll content of a and b is positively related to the number of bunches. Stomatal openings are significantly positive for the number of productive branches. Plant height was negatively related to productive branches and number of bunches. Stem diameter is positively related to the number of bunches. The number of productive branches is positively related to the results.

Effect of cropping system, shade cover and altitudinal gradient on coffee yield components at Mt. Elgon, Uganda

Coffee is a key export commodity of East Africa, but average smallholders’ yields are low. To guide sustainable yield improvements of smallholders’ coffee systems, we investigated coffee yield components in three different types of coffee cropping systems along an altitude gradient (1100−2100 m.a.s.l.) during two production years (2015 and 2016). We selected 810 coffee trees distributed over 27 farms and monitored number of stems per tree, fruit load per branch, productive nodes per branch (on four branches of one stem per tree) and number of productive branches per stem (on one stem per selected tree) in both years. Additionally, we monitored productive stems per ha, coffee tree density and cherry weight in combination with pest and disease occurrence and management information from interviews. Coffee farms were classified as Coffee-Open (CO) (< 20 % shade cover), Coffee-Banana (CB) (coffee dominantly intercropped with bananas) or Coffee-shade Tree (CT) (coffee dominantly intercropped with shade trees). Coffee-Banana had larger yield per ha (green bean kg ha−1) (1086 ± 736 kg ha−1) and yield per stem (green bean kg stem−1) (0.24 ± 0.16 kg stem−1) than CO (670 ± 457 kg ha−1 and 0.21 ± 0.26 kg stem−1) and CT (428 ± 259 kg ha-1 and 0.10 ± 0.12 kg stem−1). Fruit loads, productive nodes, productive branches and cherry weight declined with shade cover, especially for shade cover > 30 %. Additionally, the same yield components correlated negatively with number of stems per tree. Fertilizer and fungicide use were related to more productive branches and cherry weight respectively, and stem borer was identified as the most important pest in this area. Our results suggest that yield in the region could be increased, i) by maintaining shade at an intermediate level, particularly at low and mid altitude and by reducing the number of stems per coffee tree (<4), and ii) by improving soil fertility and protection against pest and disease.

Influence of phosphorus and organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of Indonesian new superior variety of soybean in dry climate rice fields

The response of soybean crop to organic fertilizers has not been fully understood in Indonesia. This research aims to investigate the response of new superior variety of Anjasmoro soybean to phosphorus and organic fertilizers in the dry climate ricefields. The experiment was conducted in Sesela Village, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia from August - November 2015 using a randomized 2-factor design. The first factor was phosphorus fertilizer with 4 levels: 0 kg/ha, 36 kg/ha, 72 kg/ha and 108 kg/ha. The second factor was organic fertilizer with 4 levels of fertilizer dosage: 0 ton/ha, 2.5 tons/ha, 5 tons/ha and 7.5 tons/ha. Parameter observed were plant height, number of leaves, number of nodules, number of productive branches, number of pods, number of empty pods, dry weight, weight of 100 seeds, and production. The results showed that the optimum dose of organic fertilizer was 7.5 tons/ha with the highest number of pods of 100. This was confirmed by the regression value (R2) of 0.97 which indicates that organic fertilizer affects the increase in the number of pods in a quadratic. Phosphorus fertilizer has an effect on the number of empty pods, number of productive pods, number of pods, productivity and production of soybean.

Characteristics of coffee as a response to different environmental conditions in Lampung: I. Morphological variations

The coffee growth is considered to depend, partly, on the environmental condition at which they develop to accomplish their both vegetative and generative stages. An exploratory survey aimed at investigating the morphological characteristics of 13 Robusta coffee accessions growing on different environmental conditions, i.e. altitudes, slopes, and micro-climates, in Lampung. Local superior coffee clones were selected from 8 farms to evaluate in terms of their yield components and growth characters. Three key issues are considered to observe quantitatively, i.e. plant components of leaves, branches, and fruits. The qualitative characteristics of leaves and cherries, i.e. colour and shape, were also assessed to support the comparative data analysis. The results show a similarity of ca. 60% of total qualitative variable identified among different accessions. The remaining characters are suggested to be more varying such as flush colour, leaf surface, ripe fruit colour, and stipule shape. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis shows a higher level of similarity for fruit characters, i.e. fruit length, fruit width, and fruit thickness, and to a slightly lower level for leaf characteristics, i.e. leaf length and width, and the number of productive branches. Conversely, part of yield component, such as weight of fruits, may be affected by altitude as some accessions, e.g. number 1 and 8, demonstrating a pronounced character in the principal component analysis. The same analysis reveals that some variables, i.e. fruit weight; leaf and seed; and canopy characteristics, explaining the morphological variation of coffee throughout the accessions. Furthermore, cluster analysis may indicate a possible similarity of coffee morphologies either from area with different or the same environmental conditions. Therefore, it can be concluded that environmental condition variation in Lampung may affect to a lesser extent the morphological characters of Robusta coffee.

PENGARUH WAKTU PEMANGKASAN PUCUK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TIGA VARIETAS TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens L.)

Peningkatan produksi komoditas tanaman cabai rawit dapat dilakukan dengan mudah dan murah, cukup dilakukan dengan pemilihan varietas dan teknik budidaya yang tepat, salah satunya adalah waktu pemangkasan pucuk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan hasil tiga varietas cabai rawit akibat perlakuan waktu pemangkasan pucuk. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di greenhouse UPT Pengembangan Agribisnis Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Jawa Timur pada Pebruari-Juni 2019. Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan faktorial yang disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari dua faktor dan diulang tiga kali. Faktor pertama yaitu waktu pemangkasan pucuk dengan empat taraf perlakuan, antara lain tanpa pemangkasan pucuk, pemangkasan pucuk 7 HST, 14 HST dan 21 HST. Faktor kedua yaitu varietas dengan tiga taraf yaitu, varietas Mhanu F1, CR ASA 7 dan OR Kencana. Parameter pengamatan meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang produktif, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah per periode panen, jumlah buah total, fruit set, bobot buah per periode panen dan bobot total buah segar. Perlakuan kombinasi P3V3 menghasilkan jumlah buah total terbanyak (102,33 buah) dan bobot buah segar total terberat (288,10 g), berbeda nyata dengan semua perlakuan. Perlakuan waktu pemangkasan pucuk berpengaruh nyata pada semua parameter pengamatan. Penggunaan tiga varietas berpengaruh nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah tanaman per panen dan bobot buah segar tanaman per panen.

Penentuan Karakter Tanaman Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Hasil Kemiri [Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.

&lt;em&gt;Candlenut [&lt;/em&gt;Aleurites moluccana&lt;em&gt; (L.) Willd.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;] is a perrenial plant that has high economic value. Information about vegetative and generative characters, as well as yield components that influence the yield is needed in the early stages of selection process in plant breeding.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;Selection of these characters can be done using Sequential Path Analysis (SPA) according to the plant development cycle, and then confirm the model using the Structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The aim of this study was to determine the vegetative characters and yield components that influence the candlenut production. The research was carried out at Pakuwon Experimental Station, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from January to December 2018. Plant materials used in this study was 129 candlenut trees at 9 years old which were planted with a spacing of 10m x 10m. The data were analyzed using SPA followed by model confirmation using SEM method. The results showed that the production of seed was directly and positively influenced by the leaf petiole length, number of productive branches, seed weight, and number of fruits per tree, while the effect of stem height character is indirectly. Based on these results, plant selection based on vegetative characters such as leaf petiole length, number of productive branches, stem height character, number of fruits per tree and seed weight can be used to obtain high-yielding candlenut plants.&lt;/em&gt;

Phenology and production of guava tree cv. “Paluma” pruned at different seasons in Mossoro – RN, Brazil.

The pruning allows fruit harvest in different periods, according to the grower decision, being economically viable. The harvest can be scheduled according to the agronomical traits and due to the market price. The experiment was conducted in the didactic orchard of the Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA), from April 2013 to December 2014, in the municipality of Mossoro-RN. It was carried out in a randomized block design, with treatments arranged in a split-plot, which were composed by pruning periods, conducted in April (2013), November (2013) and July (2014). The subplots consisted of pruning intensities (short, medium and long); with four repetitions, where the experimental unit consisted of two plants that was pruned with 8 marked branches. From pruning to harvest, the the following botanical characteristics were evaluated in the marked branches: number of emitted sprouts by branches pruned at the day 15th (NBE); number of established branches by branches pruned at the day 50th (NRE); number of productive branches (NRP); vegetative number (VRN) and the total number of fruits (NFT). The evaluated characteristics presented a significant effect. The long pruning resulted in a higher number of fruits for all evaluated seasons. The best months for pruning was November and July. The guava tree ‘Paluma’ cycle, from pruning to harvest can vary according to the period of pruning, with 132 days in July and 150 days in April. &#x0D; durando entre 132 em julho a 150 dias em abril.&#x0D;