Novosibirsk Reservoir Research Articles

Zinc and copper accumulation in zander scales in the Novosibirsk reservoir

One of the most important environmental issues is the pollution of water basins with chemicals, in particular with heavy metals, which do not dissolve in water, and pass through the food chaininto the body of aquatic organisms, and then the final consumer, humans. The features of the contentof copper and zinc, their variability in the scales of pike perch (Sander lucioperca) of the Novosibirsk reservoir were studied. 33 samples of scales were taken for analysis. The concentration of the studied metals was measured applying the atomic emission spectral method with inductively coupledplasma on an iCAP-6500 spectrometer from Thermo Scientific. A high phenotypic variability in theconcentration of copper and zinc in pike perch scales was found. It was revealed that the concentration of copper in the scales of the pike perch of the Novosibirsk reservoir is 1.8 times lower than inthe muscles, and the content of zinc is 4.8 times higher. The extreme ratio for copper was 1:24, forzinc 1:6. The content of zinc and copper was in a ratio of 48:1. The average population values of theconcentration level of copper (1.69 mg / kg) and zinc (93.3 mg / kg) in the scales of the pike perchof the Novosibirsk reservoir were established. A high level of positive correlation (r = 0.859) wasrevealed between essential elements. The obtained data on the level of copper and zinc concentrationin scales can be used as reference values. The distribution of heavy metals in zander scales is uneven.Expansion of parameters for assessing living organisms by chemical composition enables to assessmore accurately the interior of animals. The data obtained can be used for intravital assessment ofthe interior of zander and in environmental studies. There is a tendency towards an increase in thelevel of heavy metals in the water body of the Novosibirsk Reservoir.

Features of the opisthorchid parasitic system existing in Novosibirsk region

The results of studying the factors contributing to the spread of opisthorchiasis in Novosibirsk region (1990–2019) are presented. The analysis of the disease incidence among population was carried out on the basis of statistical material from the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. During the study period, the annual manifestation of opisthorchiasis was noted from 85.7 to 176.5 cases per 100 thousand of population, the average indicator being 125.6. The uneven distribution of morbidity in the administrative districts of the region was revealed. Studies of fish for infestation with opisthorchid metacercariae were carried out in the Novosibirsk reservoir and its tributaries, Berdsky Bay, the river Ob with tributaries. There were 2665 fish specimens of the family Cyprinidae examined. The highest degree of infestation was noted for ide (more than 40%). Metacercariae of opisthorchids of four species were found in the studied fish: Opisthorchis felineus, Metorchisbilis, M. xantosomus and M. spp . The epidemically significant ones are O. felineus and M. bilis . There were 280 specimens of bithyniidae mollusks examined for infestation by opisthorchid larvae in the river Tulka and 497 specimens in the Berdsky Bay (the extensiveness of the invasion was 0.4%). Bithyniidae of the species Bithynia troscheli and Bithynia tentaculata (0.01–3.5 pcs/m 2 ) were found. The limiting ecological factor of the presence of local foci of opisthorchiasis in the Novosibirsk reservoir is a strict hydrological regime. It allows bithyniidae mollusks to survive in winter only in certain places, which are bays of small rivers flowing into the reservoir, at the mouth of which there are sand bars that prevent water from leaving the riverbed during winter discharges of water.

A new approach to aquatic ecosystem monitoring of the Ob river

Abstract. An integrated approach to aquatic ecosystem monitoring is being developed for the Ob river. The novelty of the approach is in transition to high-performance computing (HPC) under processing of remote sensing data and modeling of aquatic ecosystem degradation. Classes of optically complex surface waters of the Gulf of the Kara Sea – the Ob Bay are studied on the basis of the fuzzy cluster analysis of water objects emission. A ten-year dynamics of concentrations of optically active substances was estimated using the neural network simulation. The application of the structural-dynamic model allowed explaining the long-term trend in the development of the ecosystem of the Novosibirsk reservoir, the largest one in the Ob river basin.

Environmental Factors Affecting the Conchological Variability of the Common River Snail Viviparus viviparus (L., 1758) (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Novosibirsk Reservoir, Russia

The shell variability of the common river snail (Viviparus viviparus (L., 1758)), a species alien to Western Siberia, was studied using the methods of discriminant and dispersion analysis for the population of the Novosibirsk Reservoir. In different parts of the reservoir, the subpopulations of common river snail are formed, which differ in the shell proportions. A statistically significant relationship between the spatial differentiation of the shell shape and the depth of habitat was found. Differences in temperature and food availability in the coastal and relatively deep-water areas of the reservoir may have a leading role in morphological differentiation. The morphological changes in the common river snail, which occurred in a short time after the appearance of this species in the Novosibirsk Reservoir, indicate their ability to adapt quickly and testify to a high invasive potential of the species.

Factors of Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Viviparus viviparus L. Invasion in Aquatic Ecosystems of the Ob River Basin

Mollusks from the Viviparidae family are one of the invertebrates that actively settle outside their natural habitats. Alien representatives of this family dwell in the waters of North and South America, Europe, and Asia. This paper presents the results of long-term studies of Viviparus viviparus L. unintentionally introduced into the Novosibirsk Reservoir. The effect of types and concentrations of organic substances on the spatial distribution of V. viviparus in the reservoir has been studied. It is found that the formation of denser mollusks settlements (when compared to the natural areal) occurred in the Novosibirsk Reservoir due to its favorable environmental conditions. The Harmonia+ Protocol was used to assess the risk of V. viviparus invasion into water bodies of the Ob River basin, as well as the invasion consequences for its aquatic ecosystems. It is shown that water bodies of the Middle Ob basin are suitable for V. viviparus; the risk of further mollusk spread is estimated as high.

Многолетняя динамика и современное распределение речной живородки (Viviparus viviparus) в Новосибирском водохранилище

Многолетняя динамика и современное распределение речной живородки (Viviparus viviparus) в Новосибирском водохранилище

Impact of the Novosibirsk reservoir on the formation of hydrological and hydrochemical regime of the Upper Ob river in the regulated area

Impact of the Novosibirsk reservoir on the formation of hydrological and hydrochemical regime of the Upper Ob river in the regulated area

Simulating Variations in Reservoir Eutrophication Level by Reproducing Biogeochemical Cycles

The prediction of qualitative effects of long-term succession of aquatic organism communities with possible responses of the ecosystem to disturbances of the natural homeostasis becomes possible with the structure of the ecosystem taken into account. Among the possible lines of its development, analyzed is the one that maximizes a thermodynamic characteristic—exergy, which reflects how far the ecosystem stands from the state of “dead” matter. The results of calculations by a modified model of biogeochemical cycles in a series of dry years are in agreement with the expert estimates for the development of eutrophication process in the Novosibirsk reservoir in the recent years. A nonmodified model fails to provide such agreement.

Modelling of Transformation Features for Nitrogen and Phosphorous Compounds in the conditions of the Novosibirsk Reservoir

The article presents a model description of spatially inhomogeneous features for the ecosystem of the Novosibirsk reservoir, the largest in Western Siberia, based on the reproduction of biogeochemical cycles of limiting elements. We have formulated the model tool set for studying quantitative and qualitative changes in the state variables of water bio/geo/cenosis. To obtain an adequate picture of environmental processes occurring in various parts of the reservoir modeling of the transformation features of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in the waters of the Novosibirsk reservoir was performed in the box approximation. Phytoplankton biomass in a relatively shallow water area significantly exceeds concentrations in the deep-water and near-dam parts of the reservoir. A detailed dynamic picture of the variability of the content of pollutants, as well as oxygen, normalized by maximum permissible values, in the water areas of the reservoir is reproduced.The estimates obtained during the simulation generally correspond to the observed data. This study can serve as a basis for developing a model approach to monitoring and management of ecosystem processes in the Novosibirsk reservoir.

The effect of the external water cycle on certain water quality parameters of the Novosibirsk Reservoir in different water-content years

The work describes the analysis of the influence of one of the most important hydrological factors characterizing the hydrological and hydrochemical regime of the Novosibirsk Reservoir, external water exchange, on certain water quality parameters of the reservoir for years of various water content (the extremely low-water year of 2012, the medium-water year of 2009, and high-water year of 2013). Daily water cycle factors were used for the Novosibirsk Reservoir for the first time. To investigate the dependence of chemical characteristics on the water quality on the water cycle factors, daily water cycle coefficients were calculated for specific dates, on which water samples for chemical analysis were taken. The strongest statistically significant correlations between water exchange coefficients and some chemical ingredients were obtained for the high-water year. We confirm the conclusion that in high-water years the water quality in the reservoir is more dependent on the hydrological characteristics, and in low-water years it is mainly determined by intra-water processes.

Влияние Новосибирского водохранилища на уровни воды реки Оби в период весеннего половодья (территория города Камень-на-Оби)

The article considers the issue of the Novosibirsk reservoir impact on the water levels in the Ob River in the area of Kamen-na-Obi during the spring flood period. We have carried out a computer model of the flow in the Ob River section from Kamen-na-Obi to the Novosibirsk hydro power plant dam site based on the two-dimensional unsteady hydrodynamic model (Saint-Venant equations). Variant calculations of water levels for various water discharges in the Ob River and different levels of the Novosibirsk Reservoir in the absence of congestion were performed for the site under consideration. It has been shown that even with forced levels of the Novosibirsk Reservoir, the water levels in the area of Kamen-na-Obi are mainly affected by the discharges of water in the Ob river.

Morphological and biological characteristic as an indicator of population of the Siberian roach ( Rutilus rutilus lacustris) from the Chulym river in the conditions of food competition with invasive species

Biological invasions are the second most significant threat to biodiversity and native ecosystems, after direct destruction of habitats. Due to the mutual action of natural (climate change) and anthropogenic (the introduction of an alien species) factors, bleak was dispersed from the Novosibirsk reservoir to the nearest reservoirs. After sometime of the settlement of Bleak (Alburnus alburnus) along lower reaches of the Chulym river quality of the Siberian Roach (Rutilus rutilus lacustris) population in the zone of thermal pollution began to deteriorate. The analysis of the obtained data showed that the populations of roach living in the zone where the phenomenon of food competition is present and without it have significant differences in a number of morphological and biochemical indicators. Il could be due to the presence of a competitive invasive species bleak, which lives below dam of the Nazarovskaya SDPS. Thus, in the diet of a population where bleak is absent, manyinsects remains were found, while in the diet of the roach population, plant remains predominate, due to its competition with bleak for animal feed.

Стабильные изотопы углерода и азота в органическом матриксе раковин чужеродных моллюсков Viviparus viviparus (Linnaeus, 1758) Новосибирского водохранилища

Анализ стабильных изотопов углерода и азота широко используется в экологических исследованиях для изучения структуры трофических сетей, оценки роли различных ресурсов в питании отдельных особей, определении трофического уровня консументов. Раковина у моллюсков постепенно формируется в течение всей жизни и отражает особенности питания особей в разном возрасте. Проведены исследования стабильных изотопов углерода и азота раковин чужеродных моллюсков Viviparus viviparus (Linnaeus, 1758), собранных в Новосибирском водохранилище. Отмечены статистически значимые различия изотопного состава фрагментов раковин, соответствующих годичному приросту разных лет. Высказано предположение о значимой роли межгодовых различий трофических условий в водохранилище в формировании изотопной подписи раковин моллюсков. Результаты работы могут быть использованы в экологических и палеолимнологических исследованиях питания моллюсков, при реконструкции долговременных изменений экологических условий водоемов.

Influence of Abiotic and Trophic Factors on the Daily Horizontal Migration of Zooplankton in the Littoral Zone of the Novosibirsk Reservoir

Daily changes in water temperature, hydrochemical characteristics, composition, and structure of phyto- and zooplankton in the open and overgrown littoral parts in Berdsk Bay of the Novosibirsk Reservoir have been analyzed. The relationship between the number of some groups and species of zooplankton and factors of the environment is considered. It is shown that water temperature and trophic relationships play the main role in the daily dynamics of phyto- and zooplankton abundance in the littoral zone.

Longitudinal variability in the zooplankton community of the upper Ob river

Zooplankton is important component of aquatic ecosystems playing the essential role in organic matter circulation and self-purification of water bodies. Current data on zooplankton from one of the largest rivers in the world, i.e. the Ob river, is very fragmentary and cover small areas adjacent to large settlements. This paper presents the results of the zooplankton study of the 458-km stretch of the Ob river – from its source (Fominskoye village) up to the site above the Novosibirsk reservoir (Taradanovo village). To assess the longitudinal distribution of zooplankton, we collected samples from 17 river sections in different phases of a hydrological cycle, i.e. during the periods of flood (May–June) and summer low water (July–August) 2016. A total of 103 species and forms of zooplankton were detected. Rotifera dominated in species number. In various river parts and hydrological cycle phases, species number, abundance and biomass of zooplankton differed significantly. Their maximum typically fell on the period of summer low water. Abundance and biomass of zooplankton tended to increase downstream. In most parts of the river, Rotifers was dominant in number, whereas copepods – in biomass (juvenile stages). Zooplankton distribution along the transversal profile of the river was characterized by the increased species number, abundance and biomass near the right bank (unlike the left one) that is, probably, due to the floodplain appearance on the right bank. An increase in zooplankton abundance was also observed in sites with a low flow velocity (river bays) and below the large tributaries. The assessment of water quality in the study site of the Ob river was performed based on the zooplankton composition and structure. A saprobic index for zooplankton is evidence of oligo- betamesosaprobic conditions.

Age and size characteristics of alien mollusks Viviparus viviparus L. in the coastal thanatocoenosis of Novosibirsk reservoir

Viviparus viviparus L. is the most numerous alien species of the Novosibirsk reservoir. In some parts of the reservoir V. viviparus creates settlements with a very high density. After the death of mollusks in the bottom sediments and on the banks of the reservoir, large areas of accumulation of empty shells are formed. Due to their strong structure, the shells are poorly decomposed and can serve as a generalized indicator of the state of the mollusk population over a long time. We analyzed the size and age characteristics of the V. viviparus shells in thanatocenoses of the Novosibirsk reservoir coast. Empty shells of river snails were collected on the shores of the middle (near the village of Chingis, Ordynskoye and in the Karakansky Bay) and the lower (near the village of Borovoye, Bystrovka, Leninsky and in the Berdsky Bay) parts of the Novosibirsk Reservoir in May, 24–26, 2018. Shells height and width were measured with an electronic caliper with an accuracy of 0.1 mm. Age of mollusks was determined by the marks of a winter growth stop on the shell. It is shown that in the thanatocenoses of the middle part and in the bays of the reservoir, shells of young mollusks (the second and third years of life) prevailed. In the lower part of the reservoir, the coastal thanatocoenosis contained larger shells of adult mollusks (fourth and fifth years of life). In general, the most of V. viviparus individuals in the Novosibirsk reservoir die before they reach the age limit. It is suggested that the premature death of most river snails can be caused by significant seasonal fluctuations in the water level of the reservoir, during which the littoral is drained.

The Elodea canadensis Michx. records in Novosibirsk Region (Russia)

Elodea canadensis was found in July 2016 in the Ust-Tarksky district of Novosibirsk Region. In July 2016 and in July–August 2018, it was found in three bays of the Novosibirsk Reservoir: Ordynsky, Sharapsky, and Karakansky. In the Sharapsky Bay, elodea (Canadian waterweed) formed thickets of about 34 000 m2 in area, which were characterized by high productivity with a maximum aboveground phytomass ranging from 417 to 1352 g/m2 of absolute dry weight. The records appear to be the first confirmed data for Novosibirsk Region, because all earlier mentions are the result of an erroneous definition, or do not have any documentary evidence, or were cited from earlier publications. The reasons for the fact that E. canadensis has just begun its expansion on the territory of Novosibirsk Region with a significant area of 177 800 km2, while in many regions of Siberia it manifests itself as an active invasive species, are discussed. It was concluded that the leading factors limiting the distribution of E. canadensis in Novosibirsk Region include the composition and degree of mineralization of natural waters and a high representation of the local species Hydrilla verticillata in the water bodies, which are potentially suitable for the growth of elodea.

Community-level effects of a Viviparus viviparus L. (Gastropoda, Viviparidae) invasion in the Novosibirsk reservoir

Alien species can have significant impacts on invaded ecosystems that include but are not limited to the reduction in biodiversity and alteration of the structure and functioning of ecosystems. From a management perspective, it is critical to assess the impact of alien species on the native community. The river snail, Viviparus viviparus L., is the most numerous invasive species in the Ob River basin. For 10 years from 2008 to 2017, the distribution of the alien species, V. viviparus, was studied in the Novosibirsk reservoir. During this period it colonized a large area, spreading throughout the middle and lower part of the reservoir. The average rate of mollusk dispersion exceeded 10 km per year, indicating potential facilitation by anthropogenic vectors such as recreational boating and fishery. In some parts of the reservoir, V. viviparus formed large aggregations with a biomass up to 4385 g/m2. Lower species diversity, but higher density and biomass of soft zoobenthos occurred in areas with high densities of V. viviparus.

Оценка качества вод Новосибирского водохранилища по показателям развития фитопланктона, обилие и особенности его распределения

Оценка качества вод Новосибирского водохранилища по показателям развития фитопланктона, обилие и особенности его распределения

Evaluation of water suspension effect on spectral light attenuation in Novosibirsk reservoir

Evaluation of water suspension effect on spectral light attenuation in Novosibirsk reservoir