Non-contact Applications Research Articles

Surgical treatment of keratoconus at the turn of the 20th century.

This paper reviews surgical modalities for treatment of keratoconus at the threshold of the 20th century. All ophthalmic literature from 1895 until 1925 in English and German, available at the library of the Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom, was studied with respect to this topic. Three thermal procedures were described; galvanocauterization with perforation, without perforation, and a non-contact application of heat to the corneal apex. Radial extension of a thermal burn to correct the minus cylinder represented a further modification. Excision of the conical area was suggested either as a lamellar dissection or as a full thickness trephination. Incision of the cone appeared to be less popular. In staged procedures, a combination of galvanocauterization, splitting of the cornea, conjunctival flap, and a subsequent optical iridectomy were applied. The treatment of keratoconus 100 years ago used refractive surgery to improve visual function by modifying corneal shape.

Non-Contact Handling Using High-Intensity Ultrasonics

Increasing requirements placed on the handling of parts in microsystem technology and semiconductor fabrication necessitate the development of new innovative approaches for handling and transporting miniaturized, fragile and surface-sensitive components. This is where the technology of high-intensity ultrasonics offers itself as a suitable approach for non-contact handling of parts and substrates. While microparts can be positioned and manipulated within a standing wave pattern, the application of the principle of near field levitation makes it possible to design non-tactile grippers and transfer systems as methods particularly suitable to ensure the material flow in microsystem and semiconductor manufacturing and wafer processing. The piezoelectric sound transducers used in this process, apart from the non-contact application of forces, are designed to monitor these forces by measuring the power input of the vibrators.

New haemostatic techniques: argon plasma coagulation

Bleeding is one of the main challenges for endoscopists. Despite a large number of methods for haemostasis, several types of haemorrhage lack an adequate therapeutic remedy. Argon plasma-coagulation (APC), a new method for the non-contact application of high-frequency current, promises to solve many of these problems. Among 1164 patients treated in 2349 sessions using APC, the indication was bleeding (due to tumour, intervention, angiodysplasia or coagulation disorders) in 305 patients (26%). The primary success rate was over 99%, the rebleeding rate 1.6% and the complication rate less than 1%, with zero mortality. Physical principles, indications, application parameters and results are discussed, especially in comparison with the Nd:YAG laser. APC is a new, efficacious, safe and easy-to-use method for the devitalization of tissue and haemostasis, especially in problematic cases.

Bronchoscopic Resection of Wallstent-Associated Granulation Tissue Using Argon Plasma Coagulation

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Export to End Note Procite Reference Manager Save my selection Brief Report: PDF OnlyBronchoscopic Resection of Wallstent-Associated Granulation Tissue Using Argon Plasma CoagulationColt, Henri G. M.D. Author Information Pulmonary Special Procedures and Nd:YAG Laser Unit, Pulmonary Division. University of California at San Diego Medical Center. California, U.S.A. Journal of Bronchology: July 1998 - Volume 5 - Issue 3 - p 209-212 Free Abstract A 27-year-old woman with advanced relapsing polychondritis and severe tracheobronchial obstruction underwent successful removal of Wallstent-associated granulation tissue using the argon plasma coagulator. Patency of the left and right distal bronchi was restored without risk of damaging the structural integrity of the metal stents themselves. The argon plasma coagulator allows monopolar, noncontact application of a controllable high-frequency electrical current for coagulation and desiccation of inflamed, fibrous scar and granulation tissue. Using the proper technique, bronchoscopic applications are safe and effective. This instrument warrants further consideration for inclusion in the therapeutic armamentarium of the interventional pulmonologist. © Williams & Wilkins 1998. All Rights Reserved. Source Bronchoscopic Resection of Wallstent-Associated Granulation Tissue Using Argon Plasma Coagulation Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology5(3):209-212, July 1998. Full-Size Email + Favorites Export View in Gallery Email to Colleague Colleague's E-mail is Invalid Your Name: Colleague's Email: Separate multiple e-mails with a (;). Message: Thought you might appreciate this item(s) I saw in Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology. Your message has been successfully sent to your colleague. Some error has occurred while processing your request. Please try after some time. Related Articles Export All Images to PowerPoint File Add to My Favorites Email to Colleague Colleague's E-mail is Invalid Your Name: Colleague's Email: Separate multiple e-mails with a (;). Message: Thought you might appreciate this item(s) I saw in Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology. Your message has been successfully sent to your colleague. Some error has occurred while processing your request. Please try after some time. Export to End Note Procite Reference Manager Save my selection Article Level Metrics Article Keywords Keyword Highlighting Highlight selected keywords in the article text. Argon plasma coagulation Metal stents Tracheobronchial stenosis Laser resection Search for Similar Articles You may search for similar articles that contain these same keywords or you may modify the keyword list to augment your search. Argon plasma coagulation\r, Metal stents\r, Tracheobronchial stenosis\r, Laser resection Related Links Articles in PubMed by Henri G. 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Nd:YAG laser and tracheobronchial metallic stents: an experimental in vitro study.

The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effect of Nd:YAG laser on metallic tracheobronchial stents, because Nd:YAG laser could be used for resection of tumourous tissue growing through stent meshes (Strecker-, Palmaz-, Wallstent). An in vitro worst-case-model was used to investigate the effects of different types of laser application on metallic stents: non-contact application, and contact application with bare fibres and with hemispherical sapphires. In the non-contact method and with bare fibres stent destruction occurred at power settings exceeding 10 W, whereas in the contact method with hemispherical sapphires power settings of 20 W were possible without stent damage.

Alteration of laser-tissue interaction with the 805 nm diode laser using indocyanine green in the canine prostate.

Research interests in laser prostatectomy continue to evaluate a variety of wavelengths and treatment parameters in an effort to optimize treatment. Recently, a semiconductor diode laser with a wavelength of 805 nm has become available for clinical use; however, free-beam noncontact applications were limited by the low power output (25 W). In this study in the canine prostate, the possible potentiating effects of intravenously administered indocyanine green (ICG) were evaluated with the 805 nm diode laser. A total of 16 fixed position, free-beam lasings were performed at 25 W for 60 sec in four dogs with eight lasings before and eight lasings after ICG administration. Endoscopic observations and measurements of lesion volumes were used to evaluate the laser-tissue interactions. Prior to ICG administration, we observed that side fire irradiation produced primarily small coagulative lesions. Following ICG administration, however, immediate and more noticeable tissue vaporization occurred, although total lesion size was not increased. Pathologic review demonstrated less coagulation and hyperemia, but a larger vaporized cavity in the ICG treated tissue. These findings suggest intravenous ICG alters laser-tissue interaction with the 805 nm diode laser in the canine prostate. The use of the 805 nm diode laser with enhancing chromophores deserves further investigation.

Experimental determination of the force required for insertion of a thermoseed into deep brain tissues

Our laboratories are developing a new technique for delivering localized hyperthermia to deep-seated brain tumors. In this technique, a spherical thermoseed is stereotactically navigated through the brain and tumour tissues via the noncontact application of an external magnetic force. The force required to produce motion of a 3 mm diameter sphere through in vitro brain tissues was measured to be 0.07 +/- 0.03 N. This result was obtained from a series of experiments performed on whole brain specimens extracted from adult canines. Data were also taken with a 3 mm x 3 mm cylinder and a 5 mm sphere. An experimental procedure simulating physiological conditions was developed prior to testing. Evaluations of systematic effects included determinations of the calibration uncertainties, tests of the dependence of the measured force on temperature, and studies of the effects of method of storage of the tissue specimens. The results obtained are compared with (and confirmed by) two different series of experiments performed in vivo on adult canines and with another series of experiments using brain phantom gelatin.

Non-contacting ultrasonic techniques and applications

Non-contacting ultrasonic techniques and applications

Elastic waveforms using laser generation and electromagnetic acoustic transducer detection

A Q-switched, frequency-doubled ruby laser has been used to generate wide bandwidth ultrasonic transients in aluminum and steel plates. Both longitudinal and shear waves were generated, resultant waveforms being dependent upon the irradiation conditions. Various designs of electromagnetic acoustic transducers were then used to detect these waveforms at the opposite side of the plate. The result is a method of ultrasonic inspection with potential in noncontact applications.