Nominative Field Research Articles

ДІАЛЕКТНА КАРТИНА СВІТУ: ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЯ МІРИ І СТУПЕНЯ

The fragment of the dialectical worldview of Ukrainians (represented in the semantic opposition TOP / BOTTOM) was presented by using the onomasiological approach to the description of derivatives. The lexical and semantic features of one of the semantic subfield – the names of measure and degree, which are included in the semantic field "Abstract categories", were analyzed. Structural-semantic units were investigated on the basis of the nominative field of the concepts – base words верх, гора ("top"); низ, діл, під ("bottom") and their derivatives. The object was systematically presented on the supra-dialectal level, the features of the representation of different dialects of the Ukrainian language were found and the spatial variation was outlined. The thesis offers "superspatial" invariant model, as well as a "timeless" model for the reproducing the typology of semantic and structural changes. Accentuated on the importance of dialect material studying, since it is what helps to restore the fragments of linguistic worldview, not verbalized in the literary language or the ancient writings of a culture. The members of different ethnic groups have been modelling their linguistic worldviews for years and decades based on their way of cognition, representing environmental features, everyday life, traditions by using tools of their mother tongue, that is dialect. Lexical-semantic modelling is important not only for the analysis of the derivational and semantic processes but also for the representation of the cognitive space, the result of which is the modelling of the dialectical worldview. The problem of syncretism of parts of speech on the basis of adverbs and the preposition-noun constructions as (з)верхом, (без)верх, (з)горою, (з)гори has been updated (this is evidence of complexity and incompleteness of the adverbialization process). A lexicon of the different parts of speech was presented systematically, phonetic and grammar dialectal features were fixed, and the models of the structural-semantic attitudes were outlined. Graphic presentation by using schemas and tables – modelling of the synopsis – was used for the systematization and illustrating of the semantic material.

Concept freiheit in German language chronicles of the XV–XVI centuries (on the material of town chronicles of Bern and Worms)

In the history of the German written language, the XVXVI centuries became a turning point: in the sphere of both administrative writing and informative literature, new genres and types of texts are developing, and relations within the genre system are being rebuilt. Chronicle texts, including town chronicles, become one of the most popular textotypes. According to researchers, their primary function is legitimization of the respective town as a political and legal entity. This legitimation was based primarily on the rights and privileges granted to the town by its former or current lord. Accordingly, the semiotic space of chronicle texts is organized around the concept of freiheit meaning privilege, right, freedom. The purpose of the article is to analyze the nominative field of the concept freiheit and to conclude on the semantics and functioning of lexical units in the text that verbalize this concept. Over hundred text examples extracted from the chronicles of Bern (the first third of the XV century) and Worms (the second half of the XVI century) were used as the research material. The core of the concept freiheit, its nominate is built by the homonymic lexeme, whereby the lexeme recht also belongs to the nuclear part of the field. Based on the analysis of text examples, five components of meaning of freiheit were identified, which form the slots of the corresponding concept. The largest number of concept nominations is concentrated in the slot right, privilege: these are the lexemes gerechtigkeit the right to adjudicate, herrlichkeit with a similar meaning, obrigkeit the right of possession, indult temporary privilege, erlaubung permission. On the periphery of the concept freiheit lie the lexemes herkommen and gewohnheit in the meaning of legal customs. The analysis of material allows us to conclude that in the view of chroniclers, urban legal customs were as important for the legitimization of town as its privileges. It is worth saying that the lexeme freiheit is often used as a collective one, without specifying the content of a specific right or privilege. Obviously, for the chroniclers, the very existence of rights in their totality was of paramount importance, since this determined the status and power of their town.

ОБ’ЄКТИВАЦІЯ КОНЦЕПТУ «ПАТРІОТИЗМ» В УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ПОЕТИЧНИХ ТВОРАХ ПОЧАТКУ XXI СТОЛІТТЯ

The article is devoted to the concept of PATRIOTISM, marked in the Ukrainian mental picture with special value. In particular, the ways of expressing the declared concept in Ukrainian poetic works of the early 21st century were discovered. The nominative field of the concept of PATRIOTISM, its internal content is clarified; core, near core, semi-peripheral and peripheral zones are distinguished. The core of the nominative field of the concept of PATRIOTISM is explicated by lexemes: patriotism, patriot, patriotic. The near core zone is objectified to the following words and phrases: cyborg, volunteer, soldier, volunteer, Donetsk, Luhansk, Crimea, matryoshka doll, Kremlin, etc. (in terms of armed conflict and occupation and attitude to these events), embroidered shirt, language, maidan, heavenly hundred. The semi-peripheral zone of the concept of PATRIOTISM is marked with such lexemes and concepts as national memory, respect for the iconic patriots of the past (T. Shevchenko, Lesya Ukrainka, B. Khmelnitsky, etc.), united country, lust for freedom, willingness to give their lives for the homeland, etc. In the peripheral zone, the concept of PATRIOTISM is verbalized by concepts of native land, own house, mother, etc. It is determined that the explication of the concept of PATRIOTISM in Ukrainian poetic works of the XXI century testifies to a significant expansion of the boundaries of its generally accepted interpretation. Unconventional and unstable forms of linguistic objectification of the studied concept are caused by changes in the public life of the Ukrainian people due to the armed conflict in Donbas and the occupation of part of the territory of the Ukrainian state. Modern poets, reflecting the public mood and position and at the same time influencing the public mood and position, in their works represent PATRIOTISM as a certain social and moral principle that characterizes the attitude of people to their country and to each other and realized through love to the homeland. It is concluded that the concept of PATRIOTISM, despite its universality, is nationally marked. It is a mental formation in which changes depend on changes in the consciousness of society, which is in some way influenced by literature, in particular poetic works.

Этнолингвокультурная специфика русского официального концепта «суд» эпохи европеизации

The article considers the nominative field of the concept "court" in the history of the Russian official language on the material of legislative documents of the 18 th century. The subject of the study is the relationship between the official segment of the concept "court" and the ordinary segment in the context of ethnic mentality. The hypothesis of ethno-cultural neutrality of the official segment has been tested. Special attention is paid to the evaluation nominations of the concept, their syncretsemia is revealed. The activity of non-terminological, morally and religiously marked nominations in relation to terms is found. Functional-semantic insufficiency of legal categories, their stable connection with moral and ethical categories in legal language consciousness is shown. Domination of semantic and conceptual constituents "truthful", "righteous / decent", "fair" over "legal" is established. The functional weakness of the conceptual sphere "law" is noted. The traditional ethno-specific perception of legal language consciousness is stated as predominance of moral and ethical concepts "truth", "righteousness", "fairness", "good", "conscience", "soul" over the "law". A high degree of ethno-cultural marking of the official segment of the concept "court" with a dominant meliorative valuation was noted. The analysis of the ordinary segment of the concept "court" in Russian paremiology revealed the above mentioned ethno-cultural concepts with a prevailing pejorative estimate. The coincidence of the justice pattern in the official and ordinary legal consciousness is noted.

COMPLEX CONCEPT WORD / LANGUAGE / SPEECH AS A FRAGMENT OF THE NAIVE PICTURE OF THE WORLD (based on explanatory and phraseological dictionaries of the English language)

The article is dedicated to the study of the complex concept WORD / LANGUAGE / SPEECH in the naïve picture of the world within a framework of a new scientific direction – dual linguistics: scientific and naive interpretation of language in the English lexicography. The complex concept WORD / LANGUAGE / SPEECH, which is verbalized by nominative units extracted from English general lexicographic sources, is considered. The nuclear zone of the naïve picture of the world counts three lexemes (which together contain 42 sememes), among which 161 semes have been filtered by means of seme analysis method. The most common semanteme, present in all nuclear lexemes, is the idea of the bilateral nature of any communicative unit. All of the nuclear zone lexemes in the primary dictionary position contain the seme, which emphasizes the unity of content and form of the phenomena under consideration. The medial zone of the nominative field of the verbalized WORD / LANGUAGE / SPEECH complex concept is many times bigger and more variable in comparison with the nuclear zone. It includes more than 700 lexical units with semantic components language, speech, communication. According to the thematic principle, the collected material was divided into 6 sectors: communication; units of language, speech; discourse, text; phonetical, grammatical and stylistic phenomena; language / dialect / slang, speaker; linguistics. Our analysis showed, that the peripheral zone of the nominative field of the complex WORD / LANGUAGE / SPEECH concept in the naive picture of the world is verbalized by phraseological units of the English language: idioms, paremias and proverbs (a total of more than 800 dictionary articles). They highlight different ethical and linguocultural stereotypes of the English-speaking ethnic group.

Номинативное поле концепта ХОРЗ/ДОБРО в осетинском языке

The research objective is as follows: to identify the nominative field of the concept ХОРЗ/GOOD in the Ossetian language. The study is based on an analysis of lexicographical sources and the Ossetian-language texts. Scientific originality of the research lies in the fact that the authors for the first time examine the nominative field of the concept ХОРЗ, a basic element of a language conceptual sphere. The paper uses corpus linguistics methods; the research material includes the Ossetian-language texts of different genres, which makes it possible to provide a comprehensive description of the lexeme ‘хорз’, to reveal its semantic meanings. As a result, the nuclear, pre-nuclear and peripheral zones of the ХОРЗ concept are identified.

Дефиниционный анализ лексической единицы love как слова-репрезентанта концепта LOVE (на материале толковых словарей английского языка)

The paper aims to identify the language means of the LOVE concept representation in the English language. The research methodology includes a definitional analysis of the lexeme-representative “love”. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the concept LOVE is analysed through the lens of linguo-culturology and within the framework of the semantic-cognitive approach. As a result, nuclear components of the concept are described, lexical units of the nominative field of the concept LOVE are identified and their semantic classification is presented. The research findings can serve as a basis for a more comprehensive semantic and cognitive analysis of the concept under study.

НOМІНAТИВНЕ ПOЛЕ КOНЦЕПТУ MARRIAGE ТA АНАЛІЗ СИНОНІМІЧНОГО РЯДУ ЙОГО КЛЮЧОВОЇ ОДИНИЦІ

The research focuses on the study of the actualization of the concept MARRIAGE in the context of the linguocognitive and linguocultural paradigm. The article analyzes the means of modeling the concept MARRIAGE in the British language picture of the world, its content, structure and cognitive interpretation. The concept-cognitive MARRIAGE is considered in the direction of anthropocentrism with consideration of modern achievements of cognitive linguistics, and also the place of this concept in construction of the British national picture of the world is defined. In the English language tradition, this social phenomenon is expressed through the lexical-semantic field of the concept MARRIAGE. The composition of other basic concepts of linguistic consciousness largely depends on the concept MARRIAGE. The article presents the results of etymological analysis. It plays a big role in determining the typology of culture and the need for this analysis helps to establish the source of origin of the conceptualizer. The analysis of dictionary definitions made it possible to investigate all the meanings of lexical units of the outlined nominative field. This allowed us to understand the nature and types of semantic structure of words that belong to different semantic groups and semasiological subclasses, as well as to look at the epidemiological relations of the key. In order to describe the complex structure of the organization of a multi-valued keyword, the notion of lexical-semantic variant is used. Basic characteristics of the concept MARRIAGE are possible to be found in the dictionary definitions and the complex structure of the concept is defined as a field structure, that is: denotative central content with semantic nucleus, peripherality and connotative surrounding.

AMERICA Concept as a Fragment of the Concept Sphere of Barack Obama’s Linguistic Personality

The concept of AMERICA is considered as a part of the concept sphere of Barack Obama’s linguistic personality. Special attention is paid to the structure of the AMERICA concept in B. Obama’s speeches and the nominative features of this phenomenon. The material for the study was the public policy speeches delivered by Obama at different stages of his career. Methods of conceptual, semantic and discourse analysis are used to identify the means of objectification of this concept in the speeches of the studied linguistic personality and to construct its nominative field. The AMERICA concept is proven to be one of the central components in the Barack Obama concept sphere throughout his political career. It is shown that Barack Obama’s AMERICA concept has a complex structure with a branched system of features. It is noted that it includes associations actualized by the AMERICA concept, which is part of the national picture of the world. It is revealed that the structure of this concept also includes a set of individual-author’s associations reflecting the world picture of the linguistic personality of the 44th President of the United States. The structure of the AMERICA concept with the allocation of the core, near and far periphery is described.

From Ukrainian linguocultural space. Хмара (Hmara)

The article considers the image word хмара which is among the important constituents of Ukrainian linguocultural space; the peculiarities of its semantic content are defined, the specific character of the way the mythological implications are expressed in various folk literature genres is outlined. Special attention is paid to the nominative polyphony of the concept ʻхмараʼ (literary ‘cloud’), to the existing variations in the naming units and to image representations. In the national linguistic worldview, there are numerous common-language naming units with the meaning ‘cloud’, which accentuate the specific character of the visual perception of the named phenomena. Very diversified evaluative characteristics of the analised image serve as markers of the linguocultural significance of the semantics of the word хмара. Among the secondary nomination units that denote cloud, attention should be paid to the zoomorphic images which are closely connected with the myths that are fundamental to archaic cultures and are condensedly represented in the mythologems of the sky serpent, sky cow and sky horses. The value significant opposition of the black and white clouds that is realised in the stereotypical folk images of horses is singled out. Folk texts register the historic dynamics of the mythological characters connected with cloud (serpent → witch). The extensive nominative field of the cloud denotatum registers the rootedness of the anylysed phenomenon in the folk culture and literature. The functional specialization of the image word хмара in the texts of incantations, folk fairy tales and lyrical songs is analysed. The evaluative ambivalence of cloud is emphasized. The paradigm of poetic use of the image word хмара in folk poetic texts and texts of fiction shows the peculiarities of the development of its evaluative semantics towards detailed representation of mental states, emotions. The derivational nest with the root -хмар‑ is given, its denotative versatility is pointed out.

ASSOCIATIVE CONCEPTUAL CONSTANT OF SUBCONCEPTS E-SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

The article presents the part of results of a mixed free and directed associative experi-ment for the study of nominations of concepts Е-ПРОСТІР (E-SPACE) and КІБЕРПРОСТІР (CYBERSPACE) of the conceptual field “простір (space)” in the online mode. The purpose of the associative experiment is to confirm or refute the hypothesis that E-SPACE and CYBER-SPACE are identical subconcepts of CF «простір». The article presents the reasons for choosing an associative experiment and the methodology of the experiment. The material of the research was 86 questionnaires of Ukrainian-, English- and Russian-speaking respondents who are carriers or mediators of the Ukrainian conceptual picture of the world and 955 reactions were col- lected. On the basis of free and directed answers, the respondents' reactions to the E-ПРОСТІР and КІБЕРПРОСТІР stimulus, the nominative field of two concepts was singled out, and 7 microfields of the E-ПРОСТІР verbalization and 6 microfields of the КІБЕРПРОСТІР nom- ination were singled out. The top list of tokens of verbalizations of the concepts is presented in the article. The common conceptual сonstant based on the associative field of both concepts, and the status of subconcepts of the conceptual field «простір» was confirmed.

ACTUALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT PARTNER IN GERMAN VIRTUAL POLITICAL DISCOURSE

Scientific research is focused on identifying the means of actualizing the concept PARTNER in German virtual political discourse. First, the theoretical preconditions for the analysis of the concept PARTNER in virtual political discourse are considered. The views of many leading domestic and foreign scholars on the concepts of "discourse", "virtual discourse", and "concept" are analyzed to develop our interpretation of definitions of virtual discourse, virtual political discourse, and concept. Possible means of actualization of the concepts and the researched concept PARTNER, in particular, are clarified. The meaning of the lexical unit and identifier of the concept (the word Partner) is studied, and its synonymic row is described. 500 lexical items and phrases that form the empirical basis of the study were identified with the help of a continuous sampling method on the web pages of the German government bundesregierung.de and the German parliament bundestag.de. All empirical material is subdivided into groups that are filled inhomogeneously. The noun Partner is the first or second component of compounds, and some derivative words are also formed from it. The concept of Partner is elaborated by the use of definite verbs that name actions which can be taken both by a partner and others towards him to achieve a certain goal. The lexical unit Partner is combined with a large number of adjectives (the most frequent group), which are semantically divided into five subgroups. The "partner status" subgroup is the most filled one. Two more subgroups, such as "international/national relations" and "qualities of partners " have almost the same number of words. Examples of the use of selected lexical units in context are given, and a model of the nominative field of the concept PARTNER is constructed. Its nucleus is defined with a lexical unit and identifier, a nuclear zone containing synonyms of a nuclear lexical unit, compounds with the component Partner and derivative words, and periphery (free phrases with verbs and adjectives) included. The conclusions summarize the results of the study and outline the prospects for further research.

The functioning of the Atomkraft nominative field vocabulary in German-language media against the background of nuclear power phase-out

Statement of the problem. The semantic-cognitive method of language analysis as a means of studying concepts is of interest, because it allows one to identify the cognitive attributes of the concept on a wide and representative material. In the present study, the claimed method is presented in part regarding the analysis of lexicographic data and the cognitive interpretation of the contexts of the use of Atomkraftnominative field lexemes in German. The purpose of the article is to establish the cognitive features of the Atomkraft nominative field lexemes, codified in dictionaries and revealed during the analysis of the text corpus of publications in the media and blogs from 1980 to 2014, for the subsequent construction of a field model of the concept. Of particular interest is the effect of technological disasters in the nuclear energy sector that occurred during this period on the frequency of use and semantics of designated lexical units. Results. Based on the analysis of vocabulary entries, as well as the involvement of a representative text corpus, it is established that the dominant cognitive feature of the concept is “rejection of nuclear energy”, the most widely represented by the tokenAtomenergie. The general field structure of the concept, taking into account all nominative units, is as follows: the core is a sign of “abandonment of nuclear energy” (31%); the near periphery – “political aspects” and “dangers of nuclear power” (31%); the far periphery – “environmental issues” and “the future of nuclear power” (17%); the outer periphery – “nuclear power as one of the problems of our time” and “peaceful use of nuclear energy” (9%). Conclusion. The question of whether there is a correlation between the frequency of use of the lexical units of the field in question and the technological disasters occurring in the world continues to remain debatable. In the framework of the presented study, no reliable evidence of such a relationship was revealed. In the course of the work, it was found that the peak of the use of lexical units of the nominative field occurred in 2008–2009, when preparations for and pre-election campaigns were held in Germany, which suggests the greater influence of the political situation on the semantic content of the concept. This problem, however, requires further research on an expanded corpus of texts.

Nominative field of the impoliteness in russian linguoculture

The purpose of this article was to explore the implementation of the IMPOLIDENCE category in Russian language culture and the understanding of IMPOLIDENCE by native Russian speakers. The peculiarities of the implementation of the IMPOLIDENCE category in Russian linguoculture are largely due to socio-cultural phenomena (for example, distance of power). Among other important characteristics of the IMPOLIDENCE category in Russian language culture are: 1) the IMPOLIDENCE category has a broad and easily detectable nominative field, represented mainly by units of synonymic and associative series; 2) the main lexical and phraseological representatives of the IMPOLIDENCE category in Russian language culture are syntagmatic, paradigmatic and thematic members; 3) there are gender-related differences in the perception of the IMPOLIDENCE category for native Russian speakers and this issue requires further development; 4) the category of IMPOLIDENCE in Russian language culture is realized by means of direct, simple and non-offensive statements; 5) one of the most significant components of the IMPOLIDENCE category is the notion of disrespect, represented by abrupt and impudent statements.

The image-concept of Russia in the British mass media texts (2017-2019)

The subject of this article are the linguistic means used to form the image-concept “Russia”. Corpus content analysis on the wide range material of the British print and electronic press for 2017-2019 is the base for constructing the nominative field with the core and near, far and final peripheries of image ”Russia”. The conceptual analysis revealed verbal means used for expansion of the concept volume and its component layers- metaphorical, nominative, evaluative and associative. These devices create the negative image-concept of state Russia in British public consciousness.

THE SEMANTIC STRUCTURE OF THE NOMINATIVE FIELD OF THE CONCEPT LANGUAGE POLICY

The peculiarities of the semantic structure of the lexical unit language policy in the framework of the nominative field of the concept LANGUAGE POLICY have been considered.The definition of the term «nominative field» has been given, the types of nominations have been specified, the stages of constructing the nominative field of the concept have been determined. It is stated that the nominative field of the concept contains both direct nominations of the concept and nominations of cognitive signs. It is established that one of the key stages of constructing a nominative field is conducting a component analysis of the concept. During the analysis of definitions their variety has been obtained from linguistic and non-linguistic Ukrainian, Russian and English sources. It is determined that, defining the phenomenon under study, researchers describe one and the same notion with the help of different definitions. Eight lexical-and-semantic variants have been identified that make up the semantic structure of the concept LANGUAGE POLICY. The semantic structure of the concept LANGUAGE POLICY has been found to be polysemantic, and all lexical-and-semantic variants complement each other. Within each lexical-and-semantic variant, its hierarchical structure has been established: the archiseme, the differential semes and the potential semes have been identified. The semantic structure of the lexical unit language policy has been presented in the form of ordered sets of semes – sememes.

LINGUOAXIOLOGY OF KINSHIP IN THE HISTORY OF EASTERN SLAVIC CULTURE

The purpose of this work is to study the language-systemic means of embodiment of the idea of kinship in ancient Eastern Slavic culture and the reconstruction of its conceptual base. Research of the dynamics of semantic and nominative space in the history of Russian culture allowed for the extraction of applicable/nonapplicable, evaluative, and semanticdensity of the following concept in historical retrospect. The ideological potential of kinship in current Russian discourse of international relations, where the module of kinship (brotherhood) of Eastern Slavic peoples is used as a frequent metaphorical model, forms semantic continuity of the axiocategory of kinship in Russian linguaculture. Its relevance is supported by language facts such as: the dense nominative field of kinship; frequency oflexemes related to kinship retains its high scores as shown by the Russian National Corpus; analysis of parallel corpuses of Eastern Slavic languages confirms the semantic continuity of the idea of kinship. Additional evidence from parallel corpuses will allow the confirmation or rejection of the idea of linguospecificity of the nominative field of kinship in modern Slavic linguacultures.

Метафорические модели дискурсивного конструирования негативного образа России в испанских СМИ

This article deals with the problem of discourse designing of the negative image of Russia in Spanish mass media using metaphorical models with the target domain “Russia”. Within the framework of this study, a metaphorical model is defined as a mental scheme of connections between different conceptual domains, which is formed and fixed in the minds of native speakers. The material includes Spanish articles from reputable sources (El País and BBC News in Spanish) mentioning Russia (over 500,000 characters in total). With the use of discourse, corpus and lexical-semantic analysis as well as conceptual analysis of metaphorical models, the author found that the negative image of Russia is constructed in Spanish political media discourse through the following metaphorical models: “Russia is the country of Putin”, “Russia is the heir to the USSR” and “Russia is a pseudo-saviour of the world”. The following frames can be distinguished within the structure of the model “Russia is the country of Putin”: 1) Russia belongs to Putin; 2) Putin is a lifelong president; 3) Putinism is an ideology of Russian citizens. The metaphorical model “Russia is the heir to the USSR” includes the following stereotypical scenarios: 1) authoritarian, undemocratic methods of governance; 2) “Soviet” way of living; 3) backward economy. The frame that exists within the model “Russia is a pseudo-saviour of the world” actualizes the scenario of providing humanitarian aid for show. Among the lexical and grammatical representatives of these metaphorical models are the following: prepositional construction with de and the proper name Putin; adjectives with the semes “infinitely long, eternal” and “entire”; adjectives containing semes of distance/separateness; lexeme soviético, etc. The nominative field of the considered image contains both direct nominations, represented by the toponyms Rusia, Moscú and Kremlin, and metaphors that are mainly related to the size of the state. The stereotypical features of the source domain make it possible to create a negative image of Russia as an authoritarian, undemocratic state with an almost monarchical system, outdated Soviet governance methods, saviour-ofthe-world ambitions, and ostentatious behaviour in the international arena.

Cоциальные медиа в английском и русском языковом сознании. Статья 2. Корпусная лингвистика и опыт моделирования

Вступление. Статья состоит из двух частей. Первая статья исследует данные психолингвистических экспериментов по структуре и содержанию концептов “социальные медиа”/“social media” в русском и английском языковом сознании. Во второй статье концепты “социальные медиа”/“social media” анализируются в корпусной лингвистике. Также представлены полевая и когнитивно-классификационная модели концептов социальные медиа / social media.
 Методы и материал исследования. Представленность концептов “социальные медиа”/“social media” в Национальном корпусе русского языка (НКРЯ) и в Corpus of Contemporary American English (CОCA) выявлялась с помощью корпусного анализа. При помощи автоматизированного контент-анализа проанализировано 42 158 контекстов с упоминанием социальные медиа / social media. Метод семантического сетевого анализа позволил представить модель концептов “социальные медиа”/“social media” в виде семантического графа.
 Результаты. В результате исследования установлено, что концепт социальные медиа / social media в русскоязычной и в англоязычной лингвокультурах находится на стадии формирования (низкая / несбалансированная номинативная плотность репрезентантов концептов, нечёткая / несбалансированная полевая организация ряда субконцептов, большое количество совместных упоминаний). Универсальное свойство для концептов в русском и английском языках – идентичная когнитивно-классификационная структура (с различиями на периферии). Социо- и культурспецифичными чертами концептов являются: (1) большая сформированность в англоязычной лингвокультуре (имеет более высокую номинативную плотность); (2) в английском языке номинативное поле концепта репрезентирует личные контакты (friend, life, family), в русском языке – отстранённое, неличное представление о социальных медиа (коммуникация, массовая аудитория, пользователи).
 Выводы. Перспектива исследования концептуальной природы социальных медиа – изучение идиоэтнической специфики, динамической природы концептов социальные медиа / social media, иных когнитивных структур (сценариев и фреймов), связанных с социальными медиа, на материале различных языковых семей.

СЕМАНТИКА ЕВАНГЕЛЬСКОГО ЭПИГРАФА К РОМАНУ «БЕСЫ» Ф. М. ДОСТОЕВСКОГО кандидат фи

The article is devoted to the review of the gospel epigraph to the novel Demons from the point of view of the ancient tradition. The parable of the Gadarene demoniac, which correlates with the title and the figurative and semantic content of the novel, actualizes the concept of devilry, the nominative field of which includes the lexeme demon. In addition to historical and literary content, this lexeme has a deep historical and philosophical meaning that goes back to the demon of Socrates described by Plato. The mythological δαίμων and the Socratic τὸ δαιμόνιον possess generally positive semantics, but in the Christian tradition, which replaced antiquity, the nomination demon began to denote an evil demonic force that seeks to take over a person’s soul. The Russian lexeme bes, as well as the words derived from it — Russian besnovaty and besnovanie (demoniac and possession by demons), is synonymous with demon, which is of a Greek origin. Demonic possession, which manifests itself outwardly in the loss of reason, is equated with spiritual illness. For such States, Plato uses the words μαίνομαι and μανία, the root of which is present in the words mania and maniac, denoting obsession with a certain idea. In both ancient Greek and Russian, this root has a negative connotation. Thus, demonic possession, described in the gospel as a spiritual illness, goes back to the ancient concepts of δαιμονίζομαι and μαίνομαι. This perspective allows us to reveal additional layers of meaning in the gospel epigraph and, as a result, in the novel itself.