ДІАЛЕКТНА КАРТИНА СВІТУ: ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЯ МІРИ І СТУПЕНЯ

Abstract

The fragment of the dialectical worldview of Ukrainians (represented in the semantic opposition TOP / BOTTOM) was presented by using the onomasiological approach to the description of derivatives. The lexical and semantic features of one of the semantic subfield – the names of measure and degree, which are included in the semantic field "Abstract categories", were analyzed. Structural-semantic units were investigated on the basis of the nominative field of the concepts – base words верх, гора ("top"); низ, діл, під ("bottom") and their derivatives. The object was systematically presented on the supra-dialectal level, the features of the representation of different dialects of the Ukrainian language were found and the spatial variation was outlined. The thesis offers "superspatial" invariant model, as well as a "timeless" model for the reproducing the typology of semantic and structural changes. Accentuated on the importance of dialect material studying, since it is what helps to restore the fragments of linguistic worldview, not verbalized in the literary language or the ancient writings of a culture. The members of different ethnic groups have been modelling their linguistic worldviews for years and decades based on their way of cognition, representing environmental features, everyday life, traditions by using tools of their mother tongue, that is dialect. Lexical-semantic modelling is important not only for the analysis of the derivational and semantic processes but also for the representation of the cognitive space, the result of which is the modelling of the dialectical worldview. The problem of syncretism of parts of speech on the basis of adverbs and the preposition-noun constructions as (з)верхом, (без)верх, (з)горою, (з)гори has been updated (this is evidence of complexity and incompleteness of the adverbialization process). A lexicon of the different parts of speech was presented systematically, phonetic and grammar dialectal features were fixed, and the models of the structural-semantic attitudes were outlined. Graphic presentation by using schemas and tables – modelling of the synopsis – was used for the systematization and illustrating of the semantic material.