Nile Blue Research Articles

Statistical modeling and performance evaluation of biosorptive removal of Nile blue A by lignocellulosic agricultural waste under the application of high-strength dye concentrations

In the present work, overripe Abelmoschus esculentus seeds, as agro-food waste was employed for the first time to scrutinize adsorption efficiency of Nile blue A (NBA) dye from the aqueous streams. The influences of biosorptive factors such as biosorbent dosage, solution pH, contact time, and initial NBA concentration on dye adsorption were studied by single-parameter optimization. After that, the central composite design (CCD) approach-based response surface methodology (RSM) analysis was utilized to optimize the NBA adsorption by A. esculentus biomass. The experimental results of the CCD design were further used to obtain a training set for artificial neural network (ANN) methodology. Both the statistical models were well fitted to experimental data (RRSM2 = 0.9907, RANN2 = 0.9958). The appropriate adsorption isotherm for the equilibrium process is Sips model, and the kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption of NBA followed the fractal-like pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The decolorization process was quite fast to be accomplished with a time period varying from 46.7 to 128.7 min obeying normalized Gudermannian kinetic equation also. The NBA adsorption process was observed to be controlled both by film and intra-particle diffusions. The endothermic, spontaneous and physico-chemical nature of the adsorption process was confirmed by the thermodynamic parameters. The three adsorption-desorption cycles explored that A. esculentus was suitable for reuse in the removal of NBA dye molecules. The finding of this paper emphasizes that this bio-waste is an efficient and low-cost adsorbent that can be successfully employed for the treatment of high-strength dye wastewater.

Investigation of the Factors Influencing the Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Activity of Silver Nanoparticles

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is one of the most effective methods for applications in optical sensors and chemical analysis. However, control of the optimal conditions of substrates and the selection of chemical probes are two major challenges which have yet to be solved. In this work, using a simple seeded growth method, nanoparticles with different sizes and shapes were produced. The SERS enhancement factor for each nanoparticle size and shape obtained was evaluated based on three different analytes, methylene blue, Nile blue A and Rhodamine B. We found a maximum enhancement factor on the order of 106 for the case of silver nanorods and Rhodamine B. Considering the SERS performance for silver nanospheres, we observed a systematic increase in the sequence methylene blue-Nile blue A-Rhodamine B. The reason behind the enhanced efficiency is that the maximum of the surface plasmon resonance band of Rhodamine B is the closest to the Raman excitation wavelength. The study also demonstrates that a decrease in size of spherical nanoparticles can lead to an increased enhancement, resulting from a larger surface area for a smaller particle size. Compared with silver nanospheres, silver nanorods yielded a better SERS enhancement factor, as a result of shape anisotropy which significantly enhance the local field hotspots. For low concentration, the intensity of Raman bands increases linearly with increasing dye concentration, which could be useful for applications involving chemical sensors.

Au nanoparticle-based probe for selenol in living cells and selenium-rich tea and rice

Selenocysteine (Sec) is a primary kind of reactive selenium species in cells, and its vital roles in physiological processes have been characterized. Therefore, the highly effective method for sensing Sec in metabolic processes and selenium-rich food must be developed. This study presents a new fluorescent probe, namely, GSH-NB@AuNPs, for highly selective detection of selenol based on the fluorescence quenching quality on the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The probe consists of glutathione (GSH) and Nile blue (NB) moieties assembled on AuNPs. The probe exhibits excellent sensitivity and selectivity for Sec and is applied in imaging endogenous and exogenous Sec in living cells through confocal fluorescence microscopy. The proposed probe provides a promising and powerful method for detecting selenol in foodstuff (such as selenium-rich rice and tea) with the detection limit of 9.5 nM.

Development of novel optical pH sensors based on coumarin 6 and nile blue A encapsulated in resin particles and specific support materials.

Inspired by traditional pH papers, two types of ratiometric fluorescent pH sensors for neutral and alkaline pH ranges were developed in this study by using two fluorescent dyes, coumarin 6 (C6) and nile blue A (NB). These dyes were encapsulated into melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin particles, which were then incorporated with polymer Nafion (Nf) or polyurethane hydrogel (PU) to prepare pH-sensing membranes. MF-C6 particles immobilized into polymer Nafion (i.e., MF-C6-Nf membrane) showed a dynamic ratiometric pH detection range of 4.5-7.5 through shift in fluorescence emission spectra at acidic and neutral pH solutions, as well as distinct color transition under normal visual sense from pink to yellow color. By contrast, MF-NB particles immobilized into polyurethane hydrogel (i.e., MF-NB-PU membrane) displayed a dynamic ratiometric fluorescence detection range of pH 9 - pH 12 via change in ratiometric fluorescence intensity at two emission band edges. The membrane also showed a clear change from blue to purple color under sunlight at high pH values. These pH-sensing membranes also exhibited high sensitivity, good reversibility, and stability. They were then applied to measure pH values in real urine samples and fermentation media.

SERS-Based Immunoassays for the Detection of Botulinum Toxins A and B Using Magnetic Beads.

Rapid and sensitive detection of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) is important for immediate treatment with proper antitoxins. However, it is difficult to detect BoNTs at the acute phase of infection, owing to its rarity and ambiguous symptoms. To resolve this problem, we developed a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based immunoassay technique for the rapid and sensitive detection of BoNTs. Magnetic beads and SERS nanotags as capture substrates and detection probes, respectively, and Nile Blue A (NBA) and malachite green isothiocyanate (MGITC) as Raman reporter molecules were used for the detection of two different types of BoNTs (types A and B), respectively. The corresponding limits of detection (LODs) were determined as 5.7 ng/mL (type A) and 1.3 ng/mL (type B). Total assay time, including that for immunoreaction, washing, and detection, was less than 2 h.

Mussel-Inspired Fabrication of SERS Swabs for Highly Sensitive and Conformal Rapid Detection of Thiram Bactericides.

As an important sort of dithiocarbamate bactericide, thiram has been widely used for fruits, vegetables and mature crops to control various fungal diseases; however, the thiram residues in the environment pose a serious threat to human health. In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were grown in-situ on cotton swab (CS) surfaces, based on the mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) molecule and designed as highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) swabs for the conformal rapid detection of bactericide residues. With this strategy, the obtained CS@PDA@AgNPs swabs demonstrated highly sensitive and reproducible Raman signals toward Nile blue A (NBA) probe molecules, and the detection limit was as low as 1.0 × 10−10 M. More critically, these CS@PDA@AgNPs swabs could be served as flexible SERS substrates for the conformal rapid detection of thiram bactericides from various fruit surfaces through a simple swabbing approach. The results showed that the detection limit of thiram residues from pear, grape and peach surfaces was approximately down to the level of 0.12 ng/cm2, 0.24 ng/cm2 and 0.15 ng/cm2 respectively, demonstrating a high sensitivity and excellent reliability toward dithiocarbamate bactericides. Not only could these SERS swabs significantly promote the collection efficiency of thiram residues from irregular shaped matrices, but they could also greatly enhance the analytical sensitivity and reliability, and would have great potential for the on-site detection of residual bactericides in the environment and in bioscience fields.

CD19-targeted, Raman tagged gold nanourchins as theranostic agents against acute lymphoblastic leukemia

The incidence of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is increasing globally, and it is being clinically addressed by chemotherapy, followed by immunotherapy and stem cell transplantation, all with potential life-threatening toxicities. In the need for more effective therapeutics, newly developed disease-targeted nanocompounds can thus hold real potential.In this paper, we propose a novel nanoparticle-based immunotherapeutic agent against ALL, consisting of antiCD19 antibody-conjugated, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-biocompatibilized, and Nile Blue (NB) Raman reporter-tagged gold nanoparticles of urchin-like shape (GNUs), that have a plasmonic response in the Near Infrared (NIR) spectral range. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of particle-incubated CD19-positive (CD19(+)) CCRF-SB cells show that the antiCD19-PEG-NB-GNU nanocomplex is able to recognize the CD19 B-cell-specific antigen, which is a prerequisite for targeted therapy. The therapeutic effect of the particles is confirmed by cell counting, combined with cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry and MTS assay, which additionally offer insights into their mechanisms of action. Specifically, antiCD19-PEG-NB-GNUs proved superior cytotoxic effect against CCRF-SB cells when compared with the free antibody, by reducing the overall viability below 18% after 7 days treatment at a particle-bound antibody concentration of 0.17 ng/μl. Moreover, by combining their remarkable plasmonic properties with the possibility of Raman tagging, the proposed nanoparticles can also serve as spectroscopic imaging agents inside living cells, which validates their theranostic potential in the field of hematological oncology.

Biogenic synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using plant extract and its prodigious potential for photocatalytic degradation of dyes

The development of benign and efficient approaches for treating industrial grade toxic organic dyes is an ongoing challenge. To this end, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were prepared by a simple, environment friendly, and economical green synthesis procedure by using Psidium guajava leaf extract as reducing agent (i.e., for the reduction of metal salt) as well as capping agent and copper acetate monohydrate as metal salt. The formation of mono-dispersed and spherical (average size 2–6 nm with BET surface area 52.6 m2/g) CuO NPs was confirmed by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The CuO NPs exhibited excellent degradation efficiency for the industrial dyes, i.e., Nile blue (NB) (93% removal in 120 min) and reactive yellow 160 (RY160) (81% removal in 120 min) with apparent rate constants of 0.023 and 0.014 min−1, respectively. The CuO catalyst was found to be reusable for photocatalytic dye degradation even after five consecutive cycles. The limit of detection (LOD) values for NB and RY160 were 4 and 9 mg/L, respectively. In light of their high reusability and photocatalytic efficiency along with adaptability to green synthesis, the use of biogenic CuO NPs is a promising option for the purification of water resources contaminated with industrial dye.

Separation detection of hemoglobin and glycated hemoglobin fractions in blood using the electrochemical microfluidic channel with a conductive polymer composite sensor

Separation and detection of hemoglobin (Hb) and glycated hemoglobin fractions (HbA1c, HbAld1+2, HbAle, HbAld3a, HbAla+b, HbA2, and HbAld3b) was performed using an electrochemical AC field modulated separation channel (EMSC) coupled with a sensor probe. The sensor was fabricated based on immobilization of a redox mediator on the poly(2,2′:5′,5″-terthiophene-3′-p-benzoic acid, pTTBA) and N,S-doped porous carbon (NSPC) nanocomposite. The different types of catalytic redox mediators such as Nile Blue (NB), toluidine blue O (TBO), and Neutral Red (NR) were evaluated to achieve the efficient detection. Of these, the NB-based sensor showed the best analytical signal for Hb and HbA1c, thus it was characterized using various electrochemical and surface analysis methods. After that, the sensor was coupled with the EMSC to achieve the separation detection of the Hb family. The frequency and amplitude of the AC electrical field applied onto the EMSC walls were the main driving forces for the separation and sensitive detection of the analytes. Under optimized conditions, linear dynamic ranges for Hb and HbA1c among their fractions were obtained between 1.0 × 10−6 to 3.5 mM and 3.0 × 10−6 to 0.6 mM with the detection limit of 8.1 × 10−7 ± 3.0 × 10−8 and 9.2 × 10−7 ± 5 × 10−8 mM, respectively. Interference effects of other biomolecules were also investigated and the clinical applicability of the device was evaluated by the determination of total Hb and % HbA1c in real human blood samples.

Raman spectroelectrochemical study of electrode reactions of hydroquinone at electrodes modified with Nile blue and other azine type redox mediators

Electrooxidation of hydroquinone (HQ) to benzoquinone (BQ) has been studied by Raman spectroelectrochemistry at a gold electrode modified with adsorbed or electropolymerized layer of the redox dye Nile blue. Raman spectra were excited with 785 nm laser line. Reversible electrochemical oxidation of HQ proceeded at a midpoint potential of 0.43–0.45 V vs. Ag/AgCl in pH 1.0 solution. The formation of a reaction product BQ has been observed at a controlled electrode potential of 0.6 V by Raman scattering from the modified electrode. The formation of BQ appears to occur faster at a higher concentration of HQ. By comparing the data with our previous studies done with electrodes modified by the variety of azine class redox dyes Meldola blue, Neutral red, and Toluidine blue, it was concluded that the formation of a reaction product BQ could be observed by Raman spectroelectrochemistry only in absence of resonance Raman enhancement of surface attached dye, viz. at a sufficient long distance on the wavelength scale between the dye optical absorbance and laser line used for spectra excitation.

Raman spectroelectrochemical study of redox dye Nile blue adsorbed or electropolymerised at a gold electrode

The redox dye Nile blue has been adsorbed and electrochemically polymerised at a roughened gold electrode. The resulting modified electrodes were subjected to Raman spectroelectrochemical study with 785 nm laser line excitation. For both types of electrodes, well-expressed and rich in features Raman spectra were obtained. The spectra are closely related to those of another oxazine type redox dye Meldola blue. At solution pH 7.0, the overall intensity of the Raman spectra for both types of modified electrodes appears higher than in a pH 1.0 solution. Probably, this is caused by different light absorbance properties of this dye in two solutions. In a pH-neutral solution, the dye possess light absorbance in the red range of the visible spectrum, thus, resonance enhancement is possible. The intensity of the Raman spectra also increases by the shift of the electrode potential to higher positive values. This effect could be understood taking into account an intensifying colouration of the dye at a stepwise increase of the electrode potential due to a continuous growth of the content of oxidised forms within the electrode-bound layer.

Preparation and characterization of redox-sensitive glutenin nanoparticles

In recent thirty years, protein-based nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention, and they are being widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical fields. Wheat glutenin, an important natural vegetable protein, has been demonstrated to be nutritive and biocompatible. This study aimed to develop a new type of redox-sensitive protein nanoparticles. The glutenin nanoparticles (GNPs) were synthesized with glutenin concentrations (0.082%, 0.5%, and 0.83%) through the adoption of an antisolvent titration technique and the use of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidative cross-linking for different periods. At a glutenin concentration of 0.83% and oxidation time of 20 h, the obtained GNPs were spherical in shape and approximately 100–300 nm in size, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The formation of disulfide was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The turbidity values of the GNP suspensions were decreased by half after the addition of β-mercaptoethanol. Nile blue A, a model hydrophilic substance, was entrapped in the GNPs with 77.67% loading efficiency. The newly developed GNPs can be used as redox-responsive carriers for delivering hydrophilic active substances.

An investigation for recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from Bacillus sp. BPPI-14 and Bacillus sp. BPPI-19 isolated from plastic waste landfill

Bio-plastic synthesis from renewable and cheap agro-based materials is a sustainable solution for replacing conventionally produced plastic with environmental contamination. The current study was aimed at screening and characterization of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) producing bacterial isolates, evaluation of their potential and recovery of PHA using the isolates. The PHA compounds were characterized using FT-IR. Based on 16SrRNA sequence analyses the isolates were designated as Bacillus sp. BPPI-14 and Bacillus sp. BPPI-19. The isolates were gram-positive, rod-shaped, endospore former, and citrate test positive. Intracellular PHA granules were observed when these isolates were stained with Sudan black B (SBB) and Nile blue A (NBA) preliminary and specific staining dyes, respectively. Effect of pH, temperature and carbon sources on the PHA production by the isolates BPPI-14 and BPPI-19 was studied. Maximum PHA production was recorded for Glucose (49.46±2.79%) by Bacillus sp. BPPI-14 and followed by molasses (45.86±2.17%) by Bacillus sp. BPPI-19, respectively at 37°C and pH7. The obtained PHA polymers were confirmed by preparation of plastic films for both the isolates. Fourier transform infrared spectrum for BPPI-14 and BPPI-19 showed the peak (carboxylic acid group) at 1706–1719.39cm−1 was a characteristic feature of PHA and corresponds functional group (C=O).

Synthesis of MoO3/polypyrrole nanocomposite and its adsorptive properties toward cadmium(II) and nile blue from aqueous solution: Equilibrium isotherm and kinetics modeling

AbstractMolybdenum trioxide/polypyrrole (MoO3/Ppy) nanocomposite was prepared via oxidative polymerization of pyrrole monomer with MoO3 nanoparticles. The adsorption of Cd+2 and nile blue (NB) onto the nanocomposite was investigated in terms of various process parameters. The characterization of MoO3/Ppy nanocomposite was carried out by Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. Higher R2 (0.992–0.997 for Cd+2 and 0.997–0.998 for NB) and lower standard error of estimation values (1.04–1.82 for Cd+2 and 0.87–1.07 for NB) for Freundlich isotherm highlighted the multilayer adsorption onto heterogeneous nanocomposite surface. The higher Qm values at 323 K for Cd+2 (181 mg/g) and NB (189 mg/g) compared to many reported adsorbents proved the adsorptive superiority of MoO3/Ppy. The energy of adsorption (E) values from Dubinin–Radushkevich model was 1.26–1.38 and 1.36–1.44 kJ/mol for Cd+2 and NB, respectively, suggesting physical adsorption. Pseudo‐second order kinetic model governed the adsorption of Cd+2 and NB with intraparticle and liquid film diffusion controlling the mechanism. The negative ΔG values (8.4–9.4 kJ/mol) and positive ΔH values (2.5–6.1 kJ/mol) implied spontaneous and endothermic adsorption process. The positive ΔS values (0.036–0.048 kJ/mol/K) indicated increased randomness at MoO3/Ppy‐Cd+2 or NB interface. The MoO3/Ppy nanocomposite proved to be suitable and efficient adsorbent for sequestering of Cd+2 and NB from aqueous solution.

Elimination performance of methylene blue, methyl violet, and Nile blue from aqueous media using AC/CoFe2O4 as a recyclable magnetic composite.

The present paper describes the sono-assisted adsorption (sono-adsorption) of methylene blue (MB), methyl violet (MV), and Nile blue (NB) from aqueous solution by AC/CoFe2O4 magnetic composite. FT-IR, TGA-DTG, VSM, XRD, TEM, SEM, EDX, Map, and Raman analysis were used to characterize the magnetic composite. The magnetization saturation value of AC/CoFe2O4 magnetic composite was determined to be 53.06emu/g. Dye sono-adsorption efficiency was increased by increasing adsorbent dose, pH value, and contact time, but not dye concentration. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models were used to study the kinetic behavior of the cationic dye sono-adsorption. The sono-adsorption kinetics was reasonably followed by pseudo-second-order model (R2 > 0.998). The results showed that the Freundlich model (R2 > 0.976) was more able to describe the sono-adsorption equilibrium behavior than Langmuir, D-R, and Scatchard models. The maximum sono-adsorption capacity of NB, MV, and MB was determined as 86.24, 83.90, and 87.48mg/g, respectively. Based on the parameters derived from isotherm modeling (RL, n, and E), the sono-adsorption process of cationic dyes is desirable and physical. An increase in NaCl concentration reduced the sono-adsorption efficiency for all dyes. Also, the adsorption-desorption of AC/CoFe2O4 magnetic was studied up to 10 stages, and it was confirmed that the sono-adsorption efficiency is acceptable up to the eight stage. AC/CoFe2O4 magnetic composite is, therefore, an affordable and recyclable adsorbent to remove the molecule of NB, MV, and MB dyes from aqueous media.

Visualization of viral DNA assembly using nonfluorescent staining

ABSTRACTWe present an easy test for rapid visualization of viral DNA assemblies in infected cell cytoplasm. We selected the best stains for nuclear staining: Nile blue A, Bismarck brown, gallocyanin chrome alum, methyl green pyronin and azure II. None of the staining techniques is fluorescent, which facilitates their use in everyday experiments. Methyl green is most promising for routine detection of viral DNA assemblies in the cytoplasm; the procedure enables ready detection of viral DNA accumulation in the cytoplasm.

Near-infrared fluorescent probe for fast track of cyclooxygenase-2 in Golgi apparatus in cancer cells

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been used as an excellent traceable biomarker, and exists maximally in Golgi apparatus (Cancer cells). Celecoxib (CCB) is a selective inhibitor for COX-2, and has been used as one of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Herein we report the conjugation of nile blue (NB) with CCB via a six-carbon linkage to form a fluorescence probe NB-C6-CCB for the detection of COX-2. NB-C6-CCB displays strong fluorescence with the emission peak centered at near-infrared wavelength (700 nm) in tumor cells or tumor tissues with high expression of COX-2. Importantly, NB-C6-CCB can discriminate cancer cells (MCF-7) fluorescence intensity from normal ones (COS-7) in the co-culture medium under confocal microscope. Subcellular localization of the NB-C6-CCB preferentially points to the Golgi apparatus and increases the fluorescent intensity. The competitive analysis (with CCB) and Native-PAGE analysis confirmed that NB-C6-CCB shows selective binding affinity towards COX-2 enzyme. Competitive analysis with CCB (flow cytometry assay) revealed the fluorescence intensity fluctuation due to pretreatment of CCB with different concentrations, indicating that the NB-C6-CCB is a precise or sensitive probe for the COX-2. Tumor tissue (depth: 500 µm), organs and mice imaging tests show excellent near-infrared visualization, specific localization and identification of tumors.

Unveiling the interaction between carbon nanodot and IR light emitting fluorescent dyes inside the confined micellar environment

In this contribution, using microwave heating of polyethylene glycol (PEG 200), we have prepared carbon nanodot (CND). It is found that in aqueous medium as well as in the micellar solutions of triblock copolymer, P123 and in anionic surface active ionic liquid (SAIL), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium n-octylsulfate ([C4mim][C8SO4]) the fluorescence intensity of CND gets quenched in the presence of cationic cyanine dye HITCP and cationic phenoxazine dye Nile blue (NB). Stern-Volmer constant indicates that the quenching of fluorescence intensity is more in the aqueous medium compared to P123 and [C4mim][C8SO4] i.e., (BmimOs) micelles. Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) measurement reveals that the fluorescence quenching is static in nature and the quenching through Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) process is not dominant here. Addition of both the cationic dye molecules (HITCP and NB) in CND solution generates new excited state absorption peaks in transient absorption measurement. This observation suggests that a transient species is generated through photoinduced electron transfer (PET) between the donor-acceptor pairs and this PET is responsible for the fluorescence quenching of CNDs by the dye molecules. Moreover, this electron transfer kinetics is relatively faster in bulk water compared to that inside P123 and BmimOs micelle due to the intervention of the surfactant molecules between CND and the dye molecules. Therefore, this study provides a new insight about the PET dynamics between CND and fluorescent dye molecules.

A fast responsive chromogenic and near-infrared fluorescence lighting-up probe for visual detection of toxic thiophenol in environmental water and living cells

Thiophenols as high toxic environmental pollutants are poisonous for animals and aquatic organisms. Therefore, it is indispensable to monitor thiophenols in the environment. Herein, a novel near-infrared fluorescent probe was developed for the detection of thiophenols, which was easily prepared by one-step coupling of 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride with Nile blue. The probe showed a significant near infrared (∼675 nm) fluorescence “turn-on” response to thiophenols with some good features including chromogenic reaction, high sensitivity and selectivity, fast response, near-infrared emission along with low detection limit (1.8 nM). The probe was employed to rapidly and visually determine thiophenols in several industrial wastewaters with good recoveries (90–110%). Moreover, this probe has been demonstrated good capability for imaging thiophenol in HeLa cells.

PH-Sensitive Chitosan-Sodium Phytate Core-Shell Hollow Beads and Nanocapsules for the Encapsulation of Active Ingredients.

The oral administration of nutraceuticals and vitamins is the most compliant route because of its minimal invasiveness, painlessness, ease of use, and cost effectiveness. To overcome the possible destruction and low availability induced by the harsh gastrointestinal environment, we use sodium phytate as a cross-linker to fabricate pH-sensitive core-shell chitosan hollow beads and nanocapsules through the ionic linking method for the controllable release of active ingredients. Texture profile analysis, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the morphologies and behaviors of the beads and nanocapsules. The size of the beads could be adjusted from 0.1 to 10 mm, and the diameter of the nanocapsules was 50-100 nm. The addition of pectin in sodium phytate remarkably increased the hardness of the chitosan beads. Nile blue A was used as a model active ingredient for loading into the chitosan beads with the maximum encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity of 96.07 ± 2.45% and 9.61 ± 0.29%, respectively. Polyphenols including catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and proanthocyanidin were successfully loaded into the chitosan nanocapsules with an EE of above 90%. The cumulative release of Nile blue A from the beads at pH 1.2 (after 2 h) and pH 6.8 (after 6 h) was less than 20% and more than 80%, respectively. Similarly, the cumulative release of polyphenols in the nanocapsules at pH 1.2 (after 2 h) and pH 6.8 (after 6 h) was less than 30% and more than 70%, respectively. In sum, chitosan-sodium phytate with and without pectin could form pH-responsive macro- and nanoscale carriers suitable for the encapsulation and controlled release of active ingredients.