Climate change and energy transformation has made huge alteration in power system, which led to great uncertainty in relation to material, energy and carbon emissions in power generation infrastructure. We aim to estimate material stock and carbon emissions of power generation infrastructure and explore material-energy-carbon emission nexus in China from 1993 to 2060 using stock-driven dynamic material flow analysis model for materials production and carbon emissions. Results indicate that cement is the largest used material and the southwest economic zone in China has highest cement intensity due to hydropower construction, whilst steel intensity is evenly distributed across the country, aluminum intensity the smallest and more distributed in northwest region, and copper stock is the lowest. Southwest and Yangtze River economic zone contributes most to carbon emissions from national power infrastructure. Material per unit installed capacity from 1993 to 2018 has an overall increasing trend, but carbon emissions per unit installed capacity of power generation are expected to decline. Carbon emissions of new installed capacity is expected to peak around 2028. This study provides a dynamic approach to assess resource consumption and carbon emissions intensity of power generation infrastructure for decision-making on China's carbon peaking and neutrality goals.