New Technology Industries Research Articles

Ex-ante life cycle evaluation of spent lithium-ion battery recovery: Modeling of complex environmental and economic impacts

The recycling of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is essential for promoting the closed-loop sustainable development of the LIB industry. However, progress in LIB recycling technologies is slow. There are significant gaps between academic research and industrial application, which hinder the industrialization of new technologies and the improvement of existing ones. Here we show a universal model for spent LIB-lithium recycling (SliRec) to evaluate the applicability and upgrading potential across various recycling technologies. Instead of modeling the entire recycling process, we focus on partial processes to enable a comparative analysis of environmental and economic impacts. We find a strong correlation between lithium concentration (LC) and the advancement of recycling technologies, where higher LC is associated with a reduced carbon footprint and increased economic benefits. The implementation of high-level recycling technology can result in an 85.91% reduction in carbon footprint and a 5.97-fold increase in economic returns. Additionally, we explore the effects of technological interventions through scenario analysis, demonstrating that while low-level recycling technology faces more substantial challenges in upgrading, it holds greater potential for reducing carbon emissions (−2.38 kg CO2-eq mol−1) and enhancing economic benefits (CNY 11.04 mol−1). Our findings emphasize the significance of process modeling in evaluating the quality of spent LIB recycling technologies, and can provide comparative information for the application of emerging technologies or the upgrade of existing ones.

A Multi-Criteria Strategic Evaluation Model to Determine the Suitability of Newly Rising Engineering Departments in Turkish Universities Based on the Data from the Year 2009 to 2020 Using the Econophysics Perspective

In the recent decade, engineering and technology have been developed rapidly, and new requirements are rising for engineering education. So, new and more focused departments are rising in the engineering faculty. The Turkish economy has been developed, and it is necessary to develop new technologies in industry based on the new investments. The scientific models are required to decide which engineering departments are necessary based on the socio-economic development of the economy. For this aim, we present a strategic analysis of which department can be established to meet the requirements in Turkey in light of the latest developments in the world. In the analysis stage, we listed engineering departments in the world universities and compared them with Turkish universities. We determined the selection criteria for the alternative departments, following these analyses and their related data collected from the Turkish Statistical Institute’s website. We used the new impulse and momentum principle-based weight assignment procedure integrated Technique for Order Preferences by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (IMP-TOPSIS) method to rank alternative departments using different scenarios. We concluded that Artificial Intelligence Engineering is the most suitable alternative. In addition, Aerospace Engineering has the second importance, and Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering have the third importance, according to the obtained results.

How does carbon pressure affect corporate risk-taking? Evidence from Chinese energy firms

ABSTRACT Different regions face heterogeneous carbon pressure, but the nexus of carbon pressure and corporate risk behaviour is less explored. Based on annual data from Chinese A-share listed energy firms over the time period 2008–2019, this study shows that carbon pressure can significantly promote the risk-taking of energy firms. Furthermore, government subsidies and tax burdens are essential factors in adjusting the effects of carbon pressure on energy firms’ risk-taking. We find that energy firms with high government subsidies and low tax burdens have a higher risk preference when faced with carbon pressure. In addition, the positive relationship between carbon pressure and risk-taking is stronger and more significant for energy firms from the eastern region and for those that are from non-high- and new-technology industries and non-new energy industries. The above findings provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for governments to adopt effective policies to promote energy firms’ sustainable development and for energy firms to devise smarter investment strategies when facing carbon pressure. Our research offers new insights into how carbon pressure influences energy firm behaviour at the micro-level in the context of climate change.

Technological transformation of industry as an economic growth driver: A 2010–2022 period statistical analysis

Subject. This article discusses the impact of technological changes in the industrial complex on economic growth. Objectives. The article aims to explore the main trends and challenges associated with the technological transformation of the industrial complex. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of econometric, statistical, and logical analyses. Results. The article shows that the introduction of new technologies in industry leads to an increase in labor productivity and a decrease in production costs, which contributes to an increase in economic growth. The article identifies some factors that can limit the technological transformation of industry, assesses the potential challenges associated with the technological transformation of industry to determine strategic priorities, and identifies areas for creating a favorable environment that contributes to the innovative development of industry. Conclusions. The results of the study emphasize the importance of innovation activity and investment attractiveness for achieving sustainable economic growth of industrial production. Technological transformation of industry is a significant factor in economic growth.

Impact of blockchain on the green innovation performance of enterprises under the policy uncertainty

PurposeThis study aims to empirically examine how blockchain, one of the emerging Industry 4.0 technologies, can combat climate change by improving their green innovation performance, particularly under conditions of policy uncertainty.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilizes the difference-in-difference-in-difference (DDD) method to explore the effect of blockchain on enterprises' green innovation performance. The analysis is based on data from Chinese-listed enterprises spanning the period from 2013 to 2021.FindingsFirst, the adoption of blockchain in enterprises registered in areas designated as low-carbon pilot cities can significantly improve their green innovation performance. Second, the enhancement of green innovation efficiency emerges as the primary driving force behind the adoption of blockchain, thereby leading to improved green innovation performance. Lastly, it is observed that blockchain adoption has a greater positive impact on improving green efficiency in private enterprises compared to state-owned enterprises in China.Practical implicationsFor managers, the findings can provide valuable insights to help them better prepare for the challenges and opportunities presented by the era of Industry 4.0. For policymakers, this study offers valuable insights into the interaction between new technologies in Industry 4.0 and the performance of green innovation, thereby aiding in the formulation of effective policies.Originality/valueThis study contributes to bridging the existing gap between the adoption of new technologies, such as blockchain, and their potential impact on climate change. Moreover, this research enriches practitioners' understanding of how new technologies in the era of Industry 4.0 can be applied to address significant challenges like climate change.

Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) System Application in Light Water Reactors In-Core (A Short Memorandum)

A Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) is not a new technology in industry. This concept has been known for its monitoring and sending of signals for the detection of cable tampering in unattended radiation detection systems. The instrument concept under investigation would allow for unmanned cable integrity measurements, remote surveillance reporting, and the locating of cable faults and/or tampering. by a national laboratory such as the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). TDRs are a very simple instrumentation design configuration, using pulse signals to send the pulse through the cable. Their firmness depends on the width of the pulse sent by them. That is why narrow pulse signals are preferred. However, because narrow width pulses have high frequencies, they have a limitation. High-frequency signals get distorted inside large cables. However, in this short memorandum, not only do we introduce this instrument as reminder to the readers, what this device is, we also show its application as a water level monitoring instrument by Instrumentation and Control (I&C) as an In-Core tool within the family of Light Water Reactors (LWRs) during their safe operation domain and during their commercialization as Generation-IV (GEN-IV) of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) as a consideration among the designers and engineers of these reactors within the nuclear industry. These devices could be developed and used extensively for measuring the water level In-Core of family of LWRs as a probe for measuring such levels in reactor vessel confinement and collecting surface runoff. It could be designed, developed, and calibrated, then field-tested accordingly. This device could be used as an additional safety factor in the computation of setpoints from Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA), specifically if we are using such a device in new Advanced Concept Reactor (ARC) technology of SMRs of GEN-IV.

Mechanisms for Overcoming Intellectual Inequality of Regions of Kazakhstan

The possibilities of human intelligence are endless. In recent years, in Economic Research, much attention has been paid to human capital, human resources, a new technological era, a new socio-economic structure, rapid development, the main driving force of which is man and his knowledge. In developed countries, it sets itself the goal of achieving economic efficiency, focusing on the problems of education, intelligence, intellectual potential of the population. Many invest in the development of the nation's mind from an economic point of view, in itself the intellectual potential of human capital, the resources spent are returned by new discoveries in Science, new technologies in industry and the growth of the country's GDP. Unlike other developed countries, Kazakhstan does not have full intellectual potential. The intelligence of human capital does not use its full potential for the development of the country's economy. Therefore, in recent years, attention has been paid to the intellectual potential of the nation and the intellectual potential in the regions, the intellectual potential among young people. There is no consistency and scientific validity in the effective use and management of intellectual resources of the state and regions. That is why the study of the issue raised is relevant. The purpose of the study is to discuss the level of intellectual potential and propose mechanisms for eliminating inequality in the regions. In the course of the study, methods of deduction, induction, synthesis, analysis, integrated index assessment and ranking were used. The practical significance of the research results is explained by the fact that the mechanisms of intellectual potential can be used by public administration bodies, and the scientific significance can be a continuation of the topics of research of intellectual potential.

Development of internet marketing in industry 4.0

The aim of the article. The purpose of the article is the development of theoretical and methodological principles regarding the influence of the fourth industrial revolution on Internet marketing. Analyses results. The article is devoted to the study of the impact of the fourth industrial revolution on Internet marketing as an adaptive marketing activity in the New Normality. The components of Internet marketing of communication nature are presented: media advertising, contextual advertising, search marketing, and SEO, promotion on social networks; internet branding, content marketing, direct marketing, etc. Possibilities of using the Internet in marketing are presented and developed. Uspensky in the areas of marketing research and marketing communications (commodity, pricing, exchange, and distribution policy). The Industry 4.0 study was conducted and described the main expected changes in the four most important technological advances - the Internet of Things, digital ecosystems, Data-Driven Decision, and artificial intelligence. The Internet is penetrating more and more into everyday life and, in combination with new technologies in Industry 4.0, is being modified to maximize the "optimization" of life and consumption. The influence of the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution on Internet marketing is considered and the theoretical modeling of the influence of innovative technologies on the communication component of Internet marketing in the context of the presented structure is carried out. It was determined that the fourth industrial revolution requires maximum personalization of content, changes in Internet communication channels, giving meaning to the concept of "social capital", which has influencers, thought leaders, and so on. At the same time, the transition from the era of goods to the era of technology defines competitiveness as the ability to become part of the technological chain and development in conditions of economic singularity. It is crucial to identify the components of marketing activities that need research and modification to enter the new market of Industry 4.0. Conclusions and directions for further research. Based on the research conducted, this article stated the impact of Industry 4.0 on Internet marketing and presented some changes that can change the impact of innovative technologies on the main structural elements of Internet marketing and use its results in the consumer and industrial market when developing a marketing strategy. The obtained results allow formulation and develop the principles of marketing activities on the Internet, considering changes in industrialization 4.0.

Practical joint human-machine exploration of industrial time series using the matrix profile

Technological advancements and widespread adaptation of new technology in industry have made industrial time series data more available than ever before. With this development grows the need for versatile methods for mining industrial time series data. This paper introduces a practical approach for joint human-machine exploration of industrial time series data using the Matrix Profile, and presents some challenges involved. The approach is demonstrated on three real-life industrial data sets to show how it enables the user to quickly extract semantic information, detect cycles, find deviating patterns, and gain a deeper understanding of the time series. A benchmark test is also presented on ECG (electrocardiogram) data, showing that the approach works well in comparison to previously suggested methods for extracting relevant time series motifs.

Global competition in new technology realities

Global competition in modern realities with rapid changes in technology brings new tasks for national policies, taking into consideration tightening restrictions on technology exports. So improving competitive strategy, with new technologies being a critical part of it, finding additional pathways to meet the challenges is on the agenda. The paper focuses on ranking countries not only by creating technologies, including frontier ones, but being prepared for them as well. The readiness index has been designed to rank countries by national capabilities to create, use, adopt and adapt technologies. This index includes such elements as R&D activities, ICT development, skills, the capacity to use in industry, access to finance. Among the best - ready countries are the United States, followed by Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Singapore, the Netherlands, the Republic of Korea. Most of the least-ready countries are in the developing countries. The ranking by each element is not less important and shows wide range of inequalities between countries as to skills or the capacity to use new technologies in industry or access to finance etc. Strengthening all of these elements are critically important for meeting competitive challenges.

Роль традиционных медиа в продвижении международного имиджа КНР

The article concentrates on the analysis of the strategy of the People’s Republic of China to promote its image abroad through traditional mass media. The publications of one of the largest periodical of the People’s Republic of China Nanfang Daily are analyzed. The article emphasizes that at present there is a tendency among the states of the world to create and promote their positive image in the international arena, which creates not only respect for the state, but also the desire to become its partner in politics, business, culture and other spheres of human activity. A special role in this process is played by the mass media, which are tools for influencing public consciousness with a fairly good efficiency, characteristic of them. It is noted that the traditional media of China continue to be an important aspect of politics, all influential Chinese media, without exception, remain the state property of the PRC and political materials are strictly controlled by state bodies. Therefore, in the process of creating a positive image of the PRC, traditional mass media, which primarily include printed publications, play a rather significant role. Obviously, in recent years. there has definitely been an improvement in China’s image in the global community. Based on the study of the newspaper Nanfang Daily publications, the following image of China was compiled: the country is a reliable partner in many areas of human activity, strong partnership relations have been formed between Russia and China, which have the prospect of further development, China has the image of an economically developed state as it masters new technologies in industry. China is presented as a country that is quite attractive for foreign investment. Certainly, with the support of traditional mass media, China’s image will continue to strengthen in the near future.

Does a local knowledge base in Industry 3.0 foster diversification in Industry 4.0 technologies? Evidence from European regions

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to shed light on the role played by regional knowledge bases in Industry 3.0 in fostering new technologies in Industry 4.0 in European regions (NUTS 3) over the period 1991–2015. We find that 4.0 technologies appear to be quite related to 3.0 technologies, with some heterogeneity among different technology fields. The paper investigates the geographical implications. We find that the probability of developing Industry 4.0 technologies is higher in regions that are specialized in Industry 3.0 technologies. However, other types of knowledge bases also sustain regional diversification in Industry 4.0 technologies.

A software package for monitoring and managing occupational health risks for industrial workers

Abstract At the present stage of development of any state, an important aspect of occupational health and public health is undoubtedly the protection of workers' health. In view of this, we have developed an automated system and algorithm for the approach to assessing professional risks. It is proposed to implement a campaign to manage occupational health risks for workers through the automated system “Software complex for monitoring and managing occupational health risks for workers at an industrial enterprise” developed in the Republic of Kazakhstan. This complex performs the necessary actions to create the foundations for making management decisions, it consists of the following components, which were analyzed and used at the industrial enterprise Joint Stock Company ‘Kostanay Minerals' in the Republic of Kazakhstan: 1) analysis of current information based on the definition and systematization of the information bases of the enterprise. Such databases include data on employees, working conditions, cases of injuries, morbidity, medical examinations, occupational morbidity and personal protective equipment; 2) the analytical component, carried out on the basis of statistical data, mathematical methods of information processing, conducts an analysis of professional risk both for each worker and for each enterprise. The analysis of the data is presented by the system in the form of reports received by the interested person of the enterprise by specifying a sample of data in any form, with the specification of the conditions for sampling from the stored data in the database of the automated system. The developed and implemented approach to occupational risk management is aimed at the practical implementation of a comprehensive risk assessment at workplaces, allowing not only to identify risks, but also to manage them during the work shift, throughout the entire work experience, which is the basis for ensuring the safety and health of industrial workers. Key messages The introduction of new technologies in industry will lead to a sharp decrease in the intensity of production factors and occupational pathology and to conduct a correct assessment of health risks. Professional risk monitoring consists in informing employees, employers, the public, administrative authorities about the risk factors at work and the necessary and applied measures to reduce it.

Pang Yuanji, Traditionalist/Modernist

Abstract Pang Yuanji 龐元濟 (1864–1949) is well known for the important catalogues he compiled of his ancient painting collections, especially the Xuzhai minghua lu 虛齋名 畫錄. Less recognized is his patronage of numerous artists who lived and worked in his home. Less known still are the roles he played in the modernizing art world. Despite Pang’s passion for traditional—if not also conservative—painting styles, his role as the founder of updated hospitals and schools, as one of the first to incorporate new technologies in industry and business, and also his activities with reformers of politics and the arts, point to the agenda of a reformer and modernist. This essay revises our understanding of Pang, changing not only how we understand his contributions to China’s visual culture, but also how we understand him as one who helped bring China into the modern world.

Export trade, embodied carbon emissions, and environmental pollution: An empirical analysis of China's high- and new-technology industries

China's export trade has been expanding steadily in recent years, significantly increasing resource consumption and environmental pollution. High- and new-technology industries are essential for achieving sustainable economic development and improving environmental quality. This study employs a multi-regional input–output model to estimate the economic benefits and environmental costs of export trade in high- and new-technology industries. Then, it analyzes the impact of economic benefits and technological levels on environmental pollution using the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology model. An input–output multi-objective linear programming model and a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II are adopted to combine economic development with environmental pollution and determine the optimal path for export trade. The results show that technological progress in China's high- and new-technology industries is conducive to reducing embodied carbon emissions in developed countries while increasing emissions in developing countries. Moreover, a nonlinear three-stage accompanying relationship exists between the economic benefits and environmental costs of high- and new-technology exports; this is because exports with low economic benefits generate fewer carbon emissions whereas exports with high economic benefits generate significant carbon emissions. An increase in exports with ultra-high economic benefits will generate excessive embodied carbon emissions that hinder coordinated economic–environmental development. Lastly, technological progress in the electrical and optical equipment sector can effectively promote pollution reduction; thus, it should be further developed to improve the comprehensive benefits of exports.

INFLUENCE OF TAE BO EXERCISE ON BONE MARKERS AND FRAX SCORE

In recent times, osteoporosis has taken epidemic proportions. It is a disorder that in time of industrialization and application of new technologies is starting to impact even the younger population. The use of modern devices in everyday life is resulting in a reduce level of human physical activity, consequently leading to inactive way of life and increase in number of people suffering from osteoporosis. Going beyond its educational character, this dissertation also has an aim to point out potential positive aspects of Tae Bo exercises on people with osteoporosis and potential positive effect on bone mass, lowering of FRAX score and better quality of life.The study included 92 patients with osteoporosis diagnosis, who at the beginning and at the end of the study carried out laboratory blood, urine, densitometry tests and filled out questionnaires of the ten-year risk of fracture (FRAX) and Quality Questionnaire QUALEFFO 31. The study was prospective, randomized controlled study conducted on a group of women between 55 and 65 years age during the period from 01.07.2018. to 01.07.2019. Research has shown that programs Tae Bo exercise can positively impact the greater bone mass and quality of life of people with osteoporosis. Considering the social and economic magnitude and the breath of osteoporosis as a global and widespread problem, the main contribution of this study was to find new ways in mitigating the effects.

Low-cost sensors for determining the impact of air quality components in workers’ health: protocol for a systematic review.

Due to the disproportionate growth of the population, human needs have been changing drastically, thus breaking their expected balance with nature. Industrialization and demands of new technologies imply the application of processes that require more energy, which, used in an unsustainable way, contributes to a decrease of the air quality, affecting the quality of life and the variation in Earth's climate system. This has a serious impact on both people's health and national economies because of the increase of absenteeism and mortality rates of workers caused by diseases related to exposure to high amounts of pollutants. The increased tourism in coastal areas requires the efficient attendance of these needs as there is nowadays a great variety of activities that emit atmospheric pollutants in those areas (grills, recreational activities, transportation). A systematic review is proposed to identify the methods used in the monitoring and control of the amounts of outdoor air pollutants, specifically CO2 and PM 2.5, to determine the relationship between workers' exposure to the bad quality air in coastal areas during their working days and respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, that would allow creating programs and actions to reduce these negative effects. As a result, this systematic review protocol aims to define the criteria to develop research able to fulfill this purpose. It is based in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) Statement.

Fundamental Chemistry Behind Rechargeable Li-Based Batteries and Beyond: Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Approach

: Motivated by energy security and environmental concerns, policymakers around the world are directing attention to electrified vehicles as a partial solution to reducing fossil fuel consumption and carbon emissions. In recent years, rechargeable Li-ion batteries emerge as an important power source, and their performance highlights the adoption into the automobile electrical vehicles (EV) sector as viable alternatives to combustion engines. The success of market penetration of these environmental-friendly vehicles strongly depends on the industrialization of new energy-storage technologies that must meet at the same time, performances, security, durability and cost requirements. However, the performance of today's battery chemistries relative to the battery weight is a limiting factor – there is a gap to close between today's technology and the requirements of future battery vehicles. The next-generation energy storage systems may be based on novel chemistries, such as all-solid-state, Li-ion, Li-S, and metal-oxygen, to achieve significantly higher energy density. Materials and their interfaces in these batteries are often the key limiting factors and origins of failures. For example, the degradation at the electrolyte-electrode interfaces causes poor cyclability, low capacitance, and premature failure in these new battery systems. It is crucial to focus on research which aligned towards, robust reaction kinetics modelling and its possible validation through experiments and discovering future advanced (Li, Si, Na-ion) batteries based on material chemistry and electrolyte design. To reveal such details, a fuller understanding of how the materials composition interact at the molecular level, which is not investigated in great detail so far is highly recommended by considering cost-effective computational chemistry tools (DFT, MD). Interaction of decomposed electrolyte/salt components with Li-ion is the key source of formation of SEI layer at the anode surfac such as LiF, Li2CO3, LiO, etc. To understand the stability and chemistry of SEI layer which is in general very complex, atomic level molecular chemistry simulation were performed. The perfect SEI would be a fast forming, flexible, stable and insoluble species with minimum electronic and maximum ionic conductivity. We use computational techniques to understand the limiting factors- such as reaction kinetics and chemistry involved for solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) growth and failure mechanisms at the interfaces, for the improvement of capacity and power fade to the new energy-storage technologies Fig. 1 [1]. [1] M. Datt Bhatt and C. O’Dwyer, “Recent progress in theoretical and computational investigations of Li-ion battery materials and electrolytes,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 4799–4844, 2015. Figure 1

Evaluating Four Devices that Present Operator Emotions in Real-time

Industry 4.0, Internet of things and the field of Big Data, introduces challenges in terms of how to present and evaluate different types of data. An emerging field is how to use and incorporate new technology in industry in order to improve health, safety and enhance the human performance at working environment. One promising application is measuring physiological data combining it with work environment data to ensure a good working environment for the operator. A research project DIGitalized well-beINg (DIG IN) has the aim to show how operators’ well-being can be measured digitally and demonstrate how data can be used and presented in real-time. Four digital devices that measure physiological data (heart rhythm, EEG, activity, temperature) were tested in 13 lab experiments to examine how operators’ perceived the devices. As a further study the devices were tested during three types of activities (intuition, reasoning and physical load) and was evaluated using surveys. The evaluation included relevance of output data, industry applicability, real-time usage and general usability. Results show that the arousal and activity bracelets were best fitted and that individual experience is important.

The Influencing Factors in the Entry of China’s Private Enterprises to Strategic Emerging Industries

This paper explores the factors in the entry of China's private enterprises to strategic emerging industries by the panel data of high and new technology industry from 2008 to 2011. Results show that some factors,including the enterprises scale of the industry,the funds of RD,the export delivery value and the government's power of controlling the industry,have a negative influence on the entry of private enterprises to strategic emerging industries,while the number of RD staff has a positive influence. The level of competition in the industries have no impact on the entry. Base on the empirical results,this paper suggests to enhance the ratio of private enterprises in competitive industries,prevent larger companies from monopolizing,increase the RD investment of private enterprises,and adjust the allocations of industry and policy resources.