Abstract
Due to the disproportionate growth of the population, human needs have been changing drastically, thus breaking their expected balance with nature. Industrialization and demands of new technologies imply the application of processes that require more energy, which, used in an unsustainable way, contributes to a decrease of the air quality, affecting the quality of life and the variation in Earth's climate system. This has a serious impact on both people's health and national economies because of the increase of absenteeism and mortality rates of workers caused by diseases related to exposure to high amounts of pollutants. The increased tourism in coastal areas requires the efficient attendance of these needs as there is nowadays a great variety of activities that emit atmospheric pollutants in those areas (grills, recreational activities, transportation). A systematic review is proposed to identify the methods used in the monitoring and control of the amounts of outdoor air pollutants, specifically CO2 and PM 2.5, to determine the relationship between workers' exposure to the bad quality air in coastal areas during their working days and respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, that would allow creating programs and actions to reduce these negative effects. As a result, this systematic review protocol aims to define the criteria to develop research able to fulfill this purpose. It is based in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) Statement.
Highlights
The industrialization and demand for new technologies imply the implementation of processes that require more energy, and the use of this energy in an unsustainable way contribute to the decrease of air quality, which affects the quality of life of the people, the condition of ecosystems and the state of the Earth's climate system (Bernard, Samet, Grambsch, Ebi, & Romieu, 2001)
Air pollution is the emission into the air of dangerous substances at a rate that exceeds the capacity of natural processes in the atmosphere to transform them, precipitate them, and deposit or dilute them by wind and air movement (Yassi A, 2002)
This protocol is proposed to identify the methods used in the monitoring and control of the amounts of outdoor air pollutants, CO2 and Particulate matter (PM) 2.5, to determine the relationship between workers' exposure to the bad quality air in coastal areas during their working days and respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, that would allow creating programs and actions to reduce these negative effects
Summary
Air pollution is one of the most dangerous problems affecting the environment. Due to the excessive growth of the populations, the needs of the human being have been changing drastically, breaking his expected balance with nature. There are numerous studies that consider the exposure of human beings in their daily activities to these contaminants to determine the consequences to their health and quality of life. It can be stated that the issue has a serious impact on people’s health and the economy of the countries because of workers’ present absenteeism or death from diseases caused by exposure to contaminants in amounts higher than the permissible limits. In response to these problems, many countries nowadays have a growing need to create projects and actions aimed at monitoring and reducing air pollution levels. Low-cost, portable and self-contained sensors have the potential for taking equivalent measures, while more effectively capturing spatial variability and personal exposure (Piedrahita et al, 2014)
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