Broadcast Networks Research Articles

Research on the Social Media Marketing on Beauty Product: Based on Questionnaire Method

With the rapid development of the Internet, network broadcast and product marketing advertisements are gradually integrated into our lives. As the main force of consumption, women's consumption behavior has also become the focus of attention. This paper takes the social platform marketing of beauty products as an example, and conducts a directional analysis of consumer behavior through the research method of questionnaire survey. The survey results show that the main group of online consumption is concentrated in young people. From the perspective of regional distribution, most consumers come from southeast China, that is, the more economically developed areas, and the first-tier cities are mostly. Consumers prefer actual demand and are influenced by Internet celebrities and online comments. The research results of this paper can be used as a reference for cosmetics companies to formulate more targeted marketing strategies, help cosmetics brands to improve sales and performance, and provide references for the direction of social network publicity.

Far field ring beam generation based on 3-bit encoded metasurface

Abstract The encoding metasurface establishes a bridge between the physical and digital worlds, ushering in a new era of manipulating electromagnetic waves and realizing programmable metamaterials through digital coding sequences. This "digital metasurface," relying on binary logic, significantly simplifies the design process, thereby enhancing the flexibility and efficiency of controlling electromagnetic waves. While most encoding metasurfaces control beamforming for pencil-shaped beams, we propose a 3-bit encoding metasurface with a "well structure" in the microwave band.The 3-bit encoding metasurface features a more extensive encoding sequence, offering increased degrees of freedom and flexibility in manipulating the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation. Its symmetric design features polarization-insensitive characteristics, suitable for generating annular beams by varying gradient-encoded numbers radially. This approach enables the production of linearly polarized omnidirectional radiation within the desired elevation angle range. Additionally, adjustments in quantity and orientation of the produced annular beams are achieved through Fourier convolution theorem. This type of annular beams holds promise for applications in various fields, including wireless radio broadcasting and wireless local area networks.

Multi-Objective Optimization of Orchestra Scheduler for Traffic-Aware Networks

The Internet of Things (IoT) presents immense opportunities for driving Industry 4.0 forward. However, in scenarios involving networked control automation, ensuring high reliability and predictable latency is vital for timely responses. To meet these demands, the contemporary wireless protocol time-slotted channel hopping (TSCH), also referred to as IEEE 802.15.4-2015, relies on precise transmission schedules to prevent collisions and achieve consistent end-to-end traffic flow. In the realm of diverse IoT applications, this study introduces a new traffic-aware autonomous multi-objective scheduling function called OPTIMAOrchestra. This function integrates slotframe and channel management, adapts to varying network sizes, supports mobility, and reduces collision risks. The effectiveness of two versions of OPTIMAOrchestra is extensively evaluated through multi-run experiments, each spanning up to 3600 s. It involves networks ranging from small-scale setups to large-scale deployments with 111 nodes. Homogeneous and heterogeneous network topologies are considered in static and mobile environments, where the nodes within a network send packets to the server with the same and different application packet intervals. The results demonstrate that OPTIMAOrchestra_ch4 achieves a current consumption of 0.72 mA while maintaining 100% reliability and 0.86 mA with a 100% packet delivery ratio in static networks. Both proposed Orchestra variants in mobile networks achieve 100% reliability, with current consumption recorded at 6.36 mA. Minimum latencies of 0.073 and 0.02 s are observed in static and mobile environments, respectively. On average, a collision rate of 5% is recorded for TSCH and RPL communication, with a minimum of 0% collision rate observed in the TSCH broadcast in mobile networks. Overall, the proposed OPTIMAOrchestra scheduler outperforms existing schedulers regarding network efficiency, time, and usability, significantly improving reliability while maintaining a balanced latency–energy trade-off.

Displaced and Diminished: How the Placemaking Value of “Being there” Influences Play-By-Play Broadcasters’ Professional Identity

Play-by-play (PxP) broadcasters’ routines and professions are in a state of flux. Even before COVID-19 protocols disrupted PxPs’ professional practices, broadcast networks tried to reduce on-site staff to cut costs. After COVID, some teams and networks opted to not send PxPs on the road while others experimented with artificial intelligence or alternative telecasts (e.g., the “Manningcast”). Whereas alternative broadcasts create innovative entertainment, PxPs continue to serve an important and distinct role in sports broadcasts, and often act as the link between teams, fans, and other stakeholders. Interviews with 15 professional PxPs revealed that placemaking processes are a key element of their professional identity. Displacement during the pandemic led to shortterm, yet rapid changes, and potentially long-term effects on their profession. We found that while our study’s timeframe enabled a dissection of pandemic-related obstacles, it ultimately articulated PxPs’ professional uniqueness and speaks to how placemaking influences PxPs’ professional identity. Constraints stemming from COVID-19 protocols reinforced that physical proximity is paramount to the PxP profession, and while temporary shocks can be absorbed, prolonged changes to foundational aspects could negatively alter the profession and those it serves.

Broadcast/multicast delivery integration in B5G/6G environments

This paper describes the design of a Broadcast Core Network (BCN). The BCN is intended to enable the integration of existing terrestrial broadcast systems into a 5G/6G ecosystem. The existing multimedia content distribution architecture in current broadcast networks and the capabilities of 5G access and core networks (5GC) are analyzed to dissect their limitations. We show, inter alia, how the lack of an equivalent data plane makes it impossible to import a 5GC as a solution. We propose a dynamic model that addresses the necessary structure for integrating a BCN in today’s broadcast networks. The paper then considers the evolution of the BCN up to its integration into a 5G/6G cellular network ecosystem. The required architectural components are described. Detailed definitions of the microservices are included, along with the relationships and message calls to enable relevant use cases. Finally, a simulation and lab prototype were developed to validate the proposal. The lab platform is based on multimedia content broadcasting nodes using ATSC 3.0 and a BCN prototype for its control. The results demonstrate the ability of the proposed solution to maximize spectrum utilization and improve the efficiency of current systems.

Smoothed Analysis of Information Spreading in Dynamic Networks

The best known solutions for k -message broadcast in dynamic networks of size n require Ω ( nk ) rounds. In this article, we see if these bounds can be improved by smoothed analysis. To do so, we study perhaps the most natural randomized algorithm for disseminating tokens in this setting: at every timestep, choose a token to broadcast randomly from the set of tokens you know. We show that with even a small amount of smoothing (i.e., one random edge added per round), this natural strategy solves k -message broadcast in \(\tilde{O}(n+k^3)\) rounds, with high probability, beating the best known bounds for \(k=o(\sqrt {n})\) and matching the Ω ( n + k ) lower bound for static networks for k = O ( n 1/3 ) (ignoring logarithmic factors). In fact, the main result we show is even stronger and more general: Given ℓ-smoothing (i.e., ℓ random edges added per round), this simple strategy terminates in \(O(kn^{2/3}\log ^{1/3}(n)\ell ^{-1/3})\) rounds. We then prove this analysis close to tight with an almost-matching lower bound. To better understand the impact of smoothing on information spreading, we next turn our attention to static networks, proving a tight bound of \(\tilde{O}(k\sqrt {n})\) rounds to solve k -message broadcast, which is better than what our strategy can achieve in the dynamic setting. This confirms the intuition that although smoothed analysis reduces the difficulties induced by changing graph structures, it does not eliminate them altogether. Finally, we apply tools developed to support our smoothed analysis to prove an optimal result for k -message broadcast in so-called well-mixed networks in the absence of smoothing. By comparing this result to an existing lower bound for well-mixed networks, we establish a formal separation between oblivious and strongly adaptive adversaries with respect to well-mixed token spreading, partially resolving an open question on the impact of adversary strength on the k -message broadcast problem.

On the Trademark Infringement Liability of Network Broadcast Platform

As the media of live broadcasting, the network broadcast platform bears the corresponding legal responsibility for the illegal acts of trademark infringement. However, due to the particularity of its operation, there are problems with the scope of pre-infringement obligations and the assumption of post-infringement liabilities. The reasons can be seen as the particularity of the nature of the aid-type platform, the lack of any distinction between the platform’s reasonable duty of care of the live broadcast mode compared with the traditional e-commerce platform, and the contradictions between the immediate occurrence of network broadcast and the lag of platform supervision, which jointly cause the current dilemma. In this regard, based on the theoretical and legal basis, the liability analysis and regulation of trademark infringement on live broadcasting platforms can be improved from three aspects: the responsibility of assisted live broadcasting platforms, the boundary of reasonable obligations of live broadcasting platforms, and the regulatory system.

Secrecy Performance Enhancement Using Self-Interference Cancellation in Wireless Mutual Broadcast Networks for Proximity-Based Services.

With the increasing demand for data exchange between nearby devices in proximity-based services, enhancing the security of wireless mutual broadcast (WMB) networks is crucial. However, WMB networks are inherently vulnerable to eavesdropping due to the open broadcast nature of their communication. This paper investigates the improvement of secrecy performance in random-access-based WMB (RA-WMB) networks by integrating physical layer security (PLS) techniques with hybrid duplex (HBD) operations under a stochastic geometry framework. The HBD method balances half-duplex (HD) receiving and full-duplex (FD) transceiving, utilizing self-interference cancellation (SIC) to enhance PLS performance. Key operational parameters, including transmission probability (TxPr), friendly jammer density, and conditions for FD operation, are designed to maximize secrecy performance. The analytical and numerical results demonstrate significant improvements in PLS performance, with SIC playing a critical role, particularly in scenarios with dense legitimate nodes, and with TxPr adjusted to balance HD receiving and FD transceiving based on SIC imperfections. The proposed design principles provide a comprehensive framework for enhancing the security of WMB networks, addressing the complex interplay of interference and SIC in various network configurations.

Analysis Of Profit Model of Network Broadcast Platform -- Taking Huya Live Broadcast as An Example

The continuous development of the Internet has created the rise of different Internet entertainment industries, and the network broadcast industry is an important part of it. Since 2013, China's network broadcast platform began to sprout; In 2015, it began to enter a blowout period, and a large number of network broadcast platforms mushroomed in people's field of vision; By 2019, China's network broadcast industry has entered a mature development period, and the industry shows a pattern of "two super and many strong" with Tiger teeth and Betta fish as the head platform. Whether the current profit model of the network broadcast platform can support the continued development of the platform? In addition, how to enrich the profit model of the network broadcast platform to meet the challenges in the future. Based on the above research questions, this paper will take Huya Live Streaming as an example, explore the profit model of Huya Live streaming platform through the combination of financial perspective analysis and non-financial perspective analysis, evaluate and summarize the existing profit model of the network live streaming platform, and make appropriate forecasts for its prospects. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part mainly introduces the research background and significance of this paper; The second part will explain the development status of Internet live broadcast, and make a preliminary analysis of Huya's current profit model; The third part will further analyze Huya's profit model from financial perspective and non-financial perspective, explain the advantages and disadvantages of the profit model and put forward corresponding suggestions; The fourth part summarizes the previous contents and makes future prospects

A Study on Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) Management

This article consists of the implementation of a VLAN network in the education sector like College & school. The objective is to increase information security & avoiding broadcasting in networks, as well as to improve and optimize user data, and this is achieved through the development and use of different protocols, restrictions, and methods that helped to achieve this purpose. These phases focused on analyzing, developing, and improving the different processes for designing and implementing a VLAN network topology. As a technique, an interview was conducted with the person who handled the college network expressing their opinion on the college's problems under study. Data processing was carried out at a qualitative level using HA SOPHOS XGS 5500 FIREWALL DEVICE and managed switches, which allowed internet access to all students and staff. This information was used to obtain the data for the research work. The result was a slow bandwidth and broadcasting in network with the system they are currently using. In addition, the conclusion obtained was that in view of the existing problems, the experts indicated that the proposal related to the implementation of a VLAN Network would meet the desired expectations, providing security to the information, so they consider it a feasible and appropriate option that would be a great alternative for the improvement of the college. Keywords: VLAN network, IP address allocation, Information security, Network topology, Inter Switch Link,Top-down methodology.

Experimental demonstration of a multi-core fiber seeded comb optical network (MCF-SCON)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an optical network architecture that uses wideband optical frequency comb (OFC) sources synchronized with transmitted network broadcast seed signals. All network nodes are connected by multi-core fibers (MCFs) which are used for data transmission and seed distribution. The nodes that connect the data transmission and seed distribution layers contain an OFC that may be operated in master or slave mode to provide carriers both for modulation and local oscillators for coherent detection. Nodes are able to switch, amplify, split, and regenerate the seed lightwave for full network distribution over large areas. Using OFCs with 25 GHz spacing covering the C- and L-bands, we experimentally investigate a range of scenarios compatible with metro or inter-data-center network architectures. These scenarios include single span transmission, bi-directional transmission, and multi-hop seed and data transmission including seed amplification, splitting, and regeneration with laser injection locking within network nodes, and a maximum transmission distance of 130 km. We show that MCF seed and data distribution with spatial-switching enables identical network-wide transceiver combs with the potential for reducing the complexity of digital signal processing as well as significant hardware sharing. Data-rates of approximately 100 Tb/s/core and 600 Tb/s per fiber are measured showing the potential of this architecture for high-capacity networking with OFCs replacing hundreds of transmitter and local oscillator lasers in each node.

Maledia Broadcasting: Getting Ready to Go on Air

This case focuses on the positioning strategy development for a new regional television channel of Maledia Broadcasting Network (MBN), a venture of the Kerala-based media group from India, Model Publication Trust. It also introduces the concept of perceptual maps for brand positioning and addresses brand extension. In 2011, MBN prepared to launch a Malayalam news channel. Samjad, Deputy CEO of the new company, faced the challenge of determining the channel’s positioning strategy. This task involved not only differentiation but also redefining competition in India’s dynamic and competitive broadcasting industry. The decision would impact marketing aspects such as the brand name and channel identity. This case offers opportunities to explore qualitative aspects of audience behaviour beyond competitive data, helping marketing students gain insights and analyse the competitive landscape in the industry to make strategic marketing decisions.

Radio Broadcasting in Rural Areas during the Second Half of the 1940s – the First Half of the 1950s (Based on the Materials of Sumy Region)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the characteristic features and peculiarities of rural radiofication and the functioning of radio broadcasting in rural areas of Sumy Oblast during the first post-war decade (1945-1955). The circumstances of the spread of the radio network in the Sumy region are highlighted. It was revealed that the radiofication of rural areas was carried out lagging behind the similar process in cities and became comprehensive only in the first half of the 1950s. To a large extent, it was carried out by the collective farms themselves, whose radio nodes became part of the general radio broadcasting network. The regional broadcast was largely aimed at a rural audience, and the programs were dominated by speeches and stories on agricultural topics. The obsolescence and technical imperfection of the equipment, as well as the lack and insufficient qualification of personnel, negatively affected the efficiency of the regional radio. The research is based on materials from the State Archive of Sumy Region and information from the regional newspaper issued during the 2nd half of the 1940s – the 1st half of the 1950s.

Route 60: The Biblical Highway. Directed by Matthew Crouch. Starring Mike Pompeo and David Friedman. Trinity Broadcasting Network; Fathom Events. Documentary film. 1h 40m. NR. Released September 18, 2023.

Route 60: The Biblical Highway. Directed by Matthew Crouch. Starring Mike Pompeo and David Friedman. Trinity Broadcasting Network; Fathom Events. Documentary film. 1h 40m. NR. Released September 18, 2023.

Energy Efficiency Optimization Method of WDM Visible Light Communication System for Indoor Broadcasting Networks

Energy Efficiency Optimization Method of WDM Visible Light Communication System for Indoor Broadcasting Networks

Study on the Emotional Impact of Network Broadcast on Young Audience

As an interactive form of real-time transmission of audio and video content through an online platform, online live broadcast connects viewers and hosts in a virtual social space. This study explores the emotional impact and actionable nature of online live streaming on young viewers. The results show that audience participation in online live broadcasts is based on love, admiration and dependence on the host, and they gain emotional comfort and catharsis through watching and interacting. Anchors use a variety of strategies to create and guide the audience's emotional experience, and obtain the audience's emotional investment and rewards. Online live broadcast communities are formed from the gathering of common interests and emotions, providing viewers with emotional companionship and a sense of identity. Although online live broadcast communities can meet the emotional needs of lonely moments, they cannot completely replace the emotional experience in real life, and their emotional connections are limited. Therefore, it is recommended to further study and standardize online live broadcast behavior to better understand and utilize the online live broadcast community and provide a more meaningful emotional experience. This research has important reference value for theory and practice in related fields, and promotes the development and innovation in the field of online live broadcasting.

The presence of hostile media phenomenon in Ethiopian private, federal and regional television channels

Since Ethiopia’s 2018 transition, sporadic ethnic and political violence and conflict and inter-group divisions have brought the nation to its knees. This study aims to assess the presence of the Hostile Media Phenomenon (HMP) among audiences of Ethiopian private, regional and federal television channels. Survey data were gathered from 600 participants living in Addis Ababa City, Amhara and Oromia regional states and were purposely chosen based on their historical and political dominance in the country. The study examined six different television channels found in the three regions: Oromia Broadcast Network (OBN), Amhara Broadcast Corporation, Addis TV, Wlata TV, Fana Broadcast Corporation (FBC) and Ethiopian Broadcast Corporation (EBC). The results of this study indicate that the regional states’ television channels play a major role in intensifying the hostile media phenomenon as well as in motivating violence and conflict among different regional states and groups of people.

The Development and Problems of the Live Broadcasting Industry under the Impact of COVID-19

Faced with the convenience of the internet, people begin to rely more on the broad internet and the leisure it brings, allows people to transcend the limitations of time and space, experience and share exciting cultural, sports, artistic and other activities from around the world together. Network broadcasting has blossomed in recent years, from the earlier game broadcast, singing, and dancing to recent years where every event no matter how big or small has the chance to be broadcasted. Following the sudden outbreak of COVID-19, live streaming has been integrated into almost every persons lives. With the increasing popularization of an online lifestyle, live broadcasting has gradually integrated into everyones life. Through research and analysis, this paper aims to probe into the impacts and problems of the live-streaming industry, exploring its development since the pandemic and analyzing its main competitors and its future.

Research on the Factors of NBA Income Development in the Chinese Market Since 2007

This article mainly studies the developments and income increase of the National Basketball Association (NBA) in China over the past 16 years from 2007 till today, as well as those new factors that have led to the increase in income. This research summarizes and sorts out various factors that affect the NBAs income in China, and offers some suggestions to improve the development of the NBA in China. This paper mainly reviews some articles and constructs mind maps to summarize the key determinants. This study examines the continuous increase in factors statistics and the rise of overall income of NBA in China. According to the research findings, the additional factors such as network broadcasts in recent years has indeed increased the overall revenues of the NBA in China by 5 to 6 percent. These factors make the overall NBA revenues in China rise in an efficient way. According to the result, this article provides some helpful suggestions, such as integrating NBA peripheral products with Chinese culture, co-branding NBA with short video platforms, and combining NBA with digital software. These are all suggestions to help the NBA develop better in China.

Explore the Way of Ideological and Political Education Given to College Students by Network Broadcast Mode

In the new era, with the popularization of network broadcast mode, more and more college students begin to pay attention to the network celebrity live broadcast mode. As a communication platform, college students are willing to participate in and use network broadcast mode, which has become a daily part of college students. However, the redundancy of network broadcast mode has an impact on ideological and political education in colleges and universities. In addition to making full and reasonable use of the advantages of the network live broadcast mode, we should face the challenges brought by the network live broadcast mode to the ideological and political education of college students, and strive to create a new situation in the ideological and political education of college students. This paper holds that the combination of college ideological and political education and network live broadcast mode is in the exploratory stage, and educators should make breakthroughs in the ideological and political education of college students in the Internet field with the help of network live broadcast mode, and effectively promote the positive development of college ideological and political education on the Internet.