Staff Need Research Articles

Medical Research Improves Water Taste and Odor Testing

Water scientists looked to medical experts to delve into the human sensory system, reinforcing the need for water laboratory staff to be sensitive to any odors present in their systems.

Utilizing P7 as a Model to Facilitate Language Teacher Development Program: Implication for Applied Linguistics

This research focuses on the imperative need for effective language teacher production in Nigeria to meet the growing demand for language education and applied linguistics. The study introduces the P7 Model, a comprehensive framework that encompasses seven key elements essential for successful language teacher development: Personnel, Potentials, Partnership, Process, Property, Product, and Probing. The research involves a survey of 400 practicing language teachers across various educational levels in Nigeria. The survey examines their perceptions regarding the importance of these seven elements in shaping language teacher education programs. The findings are analyzed using simple percentages. The results highlight strong agreement among respondents concerning the significance of each P7 element in the language teacher development process. Specifically, participants emphasize the need for competent, proficient, and enthusiastic teaching staff (Personnel), collaborative efforts through partnerships, research, and engagement with regulatory bodies (Partnership), admission of candidates with a genuine interest in language teaching and strong academic potential (Potentials), a curriculum emphasizing practical skills and employability (Process), the provision and optimal use of infrastructure and resources (Property), job security, remuneration, incentives, and continuing professional development (Product), and quality assurance and control throughout the teacher development process (Probing). The P7 Model offers a structured approach to guide language program administrators and policymakers in shaping effective language teacher education programs. Prioritizing these elements is crucial to ensure the availability of skilled, dedicated, and enthusiastic language teachers who can meet the demands of the 21st century, ultimately facilitating applied linguistics and language education in Nigeria.

RETRACTED: Reduced self-harm on acute mental health wards following the implementation of a vision-based patient monitoring system: Evidence from five NHS trusts.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Inpatient mental health settings pose unique challenges for patient safety, in part because psychiatric disorders are well-known risk factors for self-harm and suicide. Ward staff follow protocols to try and keep patients safe including carrying out in-person safety checks, usually every 15 min, but patients unfortunately still find opportunities to harm themselves. A vision-based patient monitoring system (VBPMS) is a contact-free technology that can help mental health nurses to monitor patients in hospital more effectively. For example, the tool alerts staff to situations where a patient might need assistance, like when they spend a long period of time in their ensuite bathroom. Research has shown that the VBPMS can support staff to prevent safety incidents from occurring and a recent study found a decrease in self-harm after the tool was implemented at one NHS mental health trust. WHAT DOES THE PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This paper presents data from five NHS mental health trusts and suggests that the VBPMS can consistently help staff to prevent self-harm on acute mental health wards. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Managing self-harm behaviours is a challenge for mental health nursing staff. Standard safety protocols are not effective enough - staff need new ways to monitor patients. In general hospitals, technology is used every day to support care. This research shows that the VBPMS can be used to improve patient safety in mental health hospitals. ABSTRACT: Introduction Self-harm is sadly relatively common in mental health inpatient settings, and the effectiveness and appropriateness of strategies used to prevent it have long been disputed. The use of vision-based patient monitoring systems (VBPMS) has been shown to improve various safety outcomes. Their potential to support staff in preventing inpatient self-harm warrants further exploration. Aim This research investigated whether implementing a VBPMS-as an adjunct to existing clinical practice-within acute inpatient services at five NHS England mental health trusts led to reductions in self-harm. Method Five quasi-experimental studies assessed the number of bedroom self-harm incidents, across 12 adult wards, before and 5-12 months after a VBPMS was deployed. Percentage changes were calculated. Four studies used control groups and were included in a fixed-effect meta-analysis. Results In the meta-analysis, a significant inverse-weighted average relative risk percentage change of -38.9% was recorded. For the study with no control groups, reductions in self-harm were seen across all wards (range: -9.1% to -29.8%). Discussion This research demonstrates that VBPMS can support clinicians to create safer ward environments by preventing incidents of self-harm from occurring. Implications for Practice The results provide preliminary support for wider rollout of the technology on acute mental health wards.

Teaching medical ethics and medical professionalism in Saudi public and private medical schools.

Medical ethics and professionalism are two essential parts of building up the identity of a competent physician. This study was conducted to determine the nature, content, and methods of medical ethics and professionalism education in Saudi public and private medical schools. It also sought to identify the challenges and obstacles in teaching and assessing medical ethics and professionalism and suggest appropriate changes. A cross-sectional study was carried out in Saudi private and public medical schools. To achieve the study's aim, an assessment tool in the form of a novel self-administered questionnaire was developed, piloted, and then used. A representative from each of the 28 Saudi medical schools participated in the study. Twenty-four (82.1%) responding medical schools have no medical ethics department. Most of the medical schools (64.2%) have 25% or less of their faculty staff who teach ethics holding a qualification in medical ethics. Most schools have a specific course for medical ethics and professionalism (85.7% and 57.1%, respectively). Multiple-choice questioning is the most popular assessment method in medical ethics and professionalism courses (89.3% and 60.7%, respectively). The need for more qualified staff and clear guidelines/resources is a significant drawback to the teaching of medical ethics. Therefore, the study recommends developing national guidelines dedicated to the undergraduate teaching curriculum from which courses would be designed to enhance medical ethics and medical professionalism.

Do NHS talking therapies services and couple therapy for depression have a relationship problem?

PHOTO CREDIT: Antoni ShkrabaCouple Therapy for Depression (CTfD) is unique being the only NHS Talking Therapies Services (NHSTTS) therapy involving partners. As a couple therapy it is systemic as well as behavioural. CTfD is an effective intervention for both depression and relationship distress and achieves good recovery-rates for depression and anxiety compared with other ‘high-intenstty’ therapies.Delivery of CTfD in NHSTTS is inadequate. Over a third of NHSTTS provide no CTfD. When they do, delivery is so minimal that depressed clients cannot generally access CTfD. Since 2010, 1172 CTfD therapists have been trained yet, in 2021/2, only 1574 couples received CTfD (approximately one couple seen per year per therapist). This is wasteful given the investment of time and money.Constraints affecting delivery e.g. individually-focused organisational culture of NHSTTS, misunderstanding of the role of CTfD therapists, inappropriate referrals, inadequate supervision and delivery on a minimal scale, are discussed and recommendations outlined.Clients deserve genuine choice, staff need support to deliver CTfD effectively, and referral quantity and quality require urgent attention.

Assessing Brand Equity of Affiliated Universities in Vietnam National University, Hanoi

This research aimed to assess the brand equity of affiliated universities in Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU). There were 486 undergraduates and post-graduates from member universities in VNU participating in the research. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Delphi analysis, and Structural Equal Modeling (SEM) were utilized to identify components of brand equity of the affiliated universities. The findings show that brand equity consists of seven components: brand recognition, lecturer quality, university reputation, brand association, facilities, loyalty, and perceived quality. Among these, facilities have the biggest impact on brand equity with β=0.819, followed by brand recognition and lecturer equity with β=0.783 and β=0.758. On the other hand, loyalty appears to be the factor with the least influence with β=0.740. In short, strategies of investment in the teaching staff need greater attention and effective enforcement; besides, it is also necessary to continuously supplement and upgrade technical facilities for teaching and research activities and improve brand recognition in line with the university identity.

Language as a medium for inclusion and exclusion: Supporting multilingualism in a Swedish minority language ECEC setting in Finland

Language awareness and multilingualism in early childhood education has received much attention in recent years. The aim of this article is to shed light on challenges and tensions in supporting multilingualism in a minority language ECEC setting in Finland. Of special interest are situations where children not yet proficient in Swedish or Finnish are included or at risk of being excluded. The study was conducted in Southern Finland where many children attending Swedish ECEC come from bilingual Finnish-Swedish homes. The qualitative data consists of interviews with 74 teachers and staff working in 18 Swedish ECEC. Also, participant observations of children aged 3–5 interacting with peers were conducted. The results show that children are aware of language differences and use language as a means for inclusion and exclusion of peers during play. The high degree of freedom in children’s free play, without the participation of adults, makes it difficult for staff to create a common praxis or linguistic strategies. Furthermore, the results indicate that ECEC staff need more guidelines on how to actively support the children’s development of Swedish while supporting children’s bilingualism or multilingualism.

Whole-school interventions promoting student commitment to school to prevent substance use and violence, and improve educational attainment: a systematic review.

Whole-school interventions modify the school environment to promote health. A subset of these interventions promotes student commitment to school to prevent substance (tobacco, alcohol, other drugs) use and/or violence. A previous review identified the theory of human functioning and school organisation as a comprehensive theory of such interventions, and found evidence that these interventions reduce substance use and/or violence. The objectives were to search for, appraise and synthesise evidence to address the following questions: (1) What whole-school interventions promoting student commitment to school to prevent substance use and/or violence have been evaluated, what intervention subtypes are apparent and how closely do these align with the theory of human functioning and school organisation? (2) What factors relating to setting, population and intervention affect implementation? (3) What are the effects on student substance use, violence and educational attainment? (4) What is the cost-effectiveness of such interventions? (5) Are intervention effects mediated by student commitment to school or moderated by setting or population? A total of 56 information sources were searched (in January 2020), then an updated search of 48 of these was carried out (in May 2021). Reference lists were also searched and experts were contacted. Eligible studies were process/outcome evaluations of whole-school interventions to reduce student violence or substance use among students aged 5-18 years attending schools, via actions aligning with the theory of human functioning and school organisation: modifying teaching to increase engagement, enhancing student-staff relationships, revising school policies, encouraging volunteering or increasing parental involvement. Data extraction and quality assessments used existing tools. Theory and process reports were synthesised qualitatively. Outcome and economic data were synthesised narratively; outcome data were meta-analysed. Searches retrieved 63 eligible reports on 27 studies of 22 interventions. We identified four intervention subtypes focused on student participation in school-wide decisions, improving staff-student relationships, increasing engagement in learning and involving parents. The theories of change of most intervention subtypes aligned closely with the theory of human functioning and school organisation, and informed refinement of an intervention theory of change. Theories of change for interventions increasing learning engagement did not align with this theory, aiming instead to increase school commitment primarily via social skills curricula. Factors influencing the implementation included whether or not interventions were tailorable, workable and well explained. Interventions with action groups comprising staff/students, etc. and providing local data were well implemented. Implementation was also affected by whether or not schools accepted the need for change and staff had the resources for delivery. Meta-analyses suggest small, but significant, intervention effects in preventing violence victimisation and perpetration, and substance use. There was sparse and inconsistent evidence of moderation and some evidence of mediation by student commitment to school. Two economic evaluations suggested that there is the potential for the interventions to be cost-effective. The quality of the studies was variable and the economic synthesis was limited to two studies. Whole-school interventions aiming to promote student commitment to school share similar theories of change and factors affecting implementation. They have the potential to contribute to preventing violence and substance use among young people. Future trials should aim to optimise intervention effectiveness by better theorisation, and assess implementation and effect moderators and mediators. This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42019154334. This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme (NIHR award ref: 17/151/05) and is published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 12, No. 2. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.

Clinic Staff Perceptions of Implementing a Sexual and Reproductive Health Entertainment-Education Program for Young Women of Color.

Entertainment-education interventions remain underutilized in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) despite evidence that they can be effective and place a low burden on staff. This study explores perceived facilitators and barriers for implementing an entertainment-education video intervention for 18- to 19-year-old African American and Latina women in SRH clinics. Cross-sectional online survey (n=100) and telephone interviews (n=19) were completed May through August 2018. SRH clinics were located across 32 US states and 1 Canadian province. SRH clinic staff were diverse in type of clinic, role, and geography and were recruited using purposive sampling. Bivariate analyses were used for quantitative data, and thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. Intervention acceptability, perceived feasibility, and likely uptake were assessed using agreement statements (survey) and open-ended questions (interviews and survey). Interviewed clinic staff described the intervention as engaging, educational, and promising for improving client SRH knowledge and behaviors. Nearly all (95%) survey respondents said showing the video would be feasible. Most (56%) indicated likely uptake, which was significantly associated with perceived feasibility (P=.000), acceptability (P≤.001), and working at a public health clinic (P=.023). Implementation barriers included the video's potential relevance to only certain clients and the need for additional information or staff and/or management buy-in. This is the first study to assess perceived implementation facilitators and barriers of an entertainment-education video intervention among SRH clinic staff. The intervention was well received, with certain barriers potentially alleviated by offering information about entertainment-education and multiple implementation methods. These findings can help improve dissemination efforts for video-based entertainment-education interventions in clinics serving young women of color.

Implementing and evaluating patient-focused safety technology on adult acute mental health wards.

Mental health wards can feel unsafe. We know that patients and staff have different ideas about what makes a hospital ward safe or unsafe. Patients are often the first to know when the atmosphere on a ward becomes tense, but often, no one asks them for their views. Patients and staff are experts and should be included in discussions about how to make wards safer. We got together with some service users and staff, and made an app that helps patients to tell staff when they are not feeling safe on a mental health ward. We tried it out on six wards and we asked patients and staff what they thought. The app was easy to use and most people liked the look of it. Patients said staff did not talk with them enough and so they liked using the app. However, some staff said they could tell how patients were feeling without an app and so they did not need it. Ward managers told us that staff were often very busy and did not always have time to use the app. This app could help staff know straightaway when patients do not feel safe on the ward, so that they can act quickly to calm things down. To make the most of the app, staff need to get used to it and bring it into ward routines. INTRODUCTION: Safety improvement on mental health wards is of international concern. It should incorporate patient perspectives. Implementation and evaluation of 'WardSonar', a digital safety-monitoring tool for adult acute mental health wards, developed with stakeholders to communicate patients' real-time safety perceptions to staff. Six acute adult mental health wards in England implemented the tool in 2022. Evaluation over 10 weeks involved qualitative interviews (34 patients, 33 staff), 39 focused ethnographic observations, and analysis of pen portraits. Implementation and evaluation of the WardSonar tool was feasible despite challenging conditions. Most patients valued the opportunity to communicate their immediate safety concerns, stating that staff had a poor understanding of them. Some staff said the WardSonar tool could help enhanced ward safety but recognised a need to incorporate its use into daily routines. Others said they did not need the tool to understand patients' safety concerns. Foreseeable challenges, including staff ambivalence and practical issues, appeared intensified by the post-COVID-19 context. The WardSonar tool could improve ward safety, especially from patients' perspectives. Future implementation could support staff to use the real-time data to inform proactive safety interventions.

Providing technical assistance to inclusive postsecondary education programs on paid employment experiences of college students with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A case study

BACKGROUND: Students with intellectual and developmental disabilities lag behind their peers without disabilities when it comes to participation in college and employment. In response to this, researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) created an online, six-week course for staff who work with students with disabilities in inclusive postsecondary education (IPSE) programs. OBJECTIVE: To create a course and technical assistance (TA) based on implementing supported employment strategies through VCU’s ACE-IT in College model, using evidence-based employment practices. The course and TA were developed to increase the skills of IPSE program staff, as well as increase the number of paid internship opportunities for the students in their programs. METHODS: VCU staff offered a six-week training program, followed by yearlong technical assistance to college and university staff who implement inclusive postsecondary education programs. The researchers conducted a case study of one program and followed them through the course and their TA activities. Data examined were: facilitated discussion board responses, needs assessment results, meeting notes and case study notes, as well as goals and strategies they developed. RESULTS: Results indicate a need for more staff and funding, as well as university buy-in. The fidelity of implementation allowed researchers to make slight adjustments for future TA participants. CONCLUSION: One participating program emerged as a case study site, and results indicate a need for more staff and funding. Detailed descriptions and technical assistant support strategies are provided, as well as implications for further research.

Application of Interactive Teaching Method in Digital Media Technology Teaching in Chengdu, China

Background and Aim: This study explored the influences on the intention of undergraduate students majoring in digital media technology to participate in interactive teaching methods in three of the most representative universities in Sichuan Province. The objective of the research is to determine the extent to which each variable influences the use of interactive teaching methods. The latent variables investigated in the study include social influence (SI), trust (TR), perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), attitude (AT), behavioral intention (BI), and usage behavior (UB) of interactive teaching methods. The population of the research is freshmen to Juniors of digital media technology departments from three target universities, namely Chengdu University, Chengdu Institute of Technology, and Sichuan Institute of Industry and Commerce. The 504 samples were proportionally drawn from the mentioned three universities. Materials and Methods: In this paper, a total of 504 data were collected through questionnaires, and data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model. Results: The results of the data analysis found that the effects of perceived usefulness and trust on attitude were not significant, and all other hypotheses were verified. Among them, perceived ease of use had the greatest effect on attitude. Conclusion: For undergraduate digital media technology students to recognize and use interactive teaching methods, university administrators and teaching staff need to simplify the interactive teaching process and pay attention to the factors that have a significant effect on behavioral intentions.

Analisis Kebutuhan Tenaga Keperawatan Dengan Metode Workload Indicator Staff Need (WISN) Di Ruang Rawat Inap RSUD dr. R.M. Djoelham Binjai

The WISN method is a resource management tool that calculates staff needs based on workload for certain staff categories and clearly the facility and type of health facility. This tool can be applied nationally, regionally, in health facilities, namely it is easy to use both technically, comprehensive, realistic and makes it easy to determine variations in human resource needs in various types of health services such as community health centers and hospitals. The aim of this research is to analyze the need for nursing staff based on workload using the Workload Indicator Staff Need (WISN) method in the Inpatient Room at RSUD dr. R.M. Djoelham Binjai in 2023. The research design used was descriptive research using observational techniques. The population in this study were all nurses in the Inpatient Room at RSUD dr. R.M. Djoelham Binjai, numbering 61 nurses, this population sampling was carried out using purposive sampling. The number of samples to be studied was 61 people. Data analysis was carried out using the WISN analysis. After the data was obtained from filling out the questionnaire by the researcher based on observations, recording and adjustments were made to the work documentation carried out by the nursing staff in the Inpatient Room. The results of research based on WISN method calculations show that the need for nursing staff in the Inpatient Room at RSUD dr. R.M. Djoelham Binjai still lacks 3 nursing staff. The conclusion was that there was an influence between working time, activities of nursing staff, workload standards, slack factors and calculations of nursing staff needs for nursing staff on the need for nursing staff in the Inpatient Room at RSUD dr. R.M. Djoelham Binjai, it is recommended that the Head of the Inpatient Room need to evaluate the division of tasks so that the nursing service process can be carried out well and improve the quality of service in the Inpatient Room at RSUD dr. R.M. Djoelham Binjai

Building a Coaching Culture in Irish Schools; Challenges and Opportunities: A Mixed-Methods Study

Coaching is a relatively new leadership style in Irish schools, but its potential is being supported by the Department of Education and Skills since 2015. This study considers the challenges and obstacles to building a coaching culture within Irish schools, recognising that as a leadership style, it is relatively unknown. It considers school cultures and the challenges as well as the opportunities leaders face in building a coaching culture. A mixed methods study consisting of a quantitative survey (n = 48) followed by semi-structured interviews (n = 12) was the chosen method, using statistical analysis (SPSS) and thematic analysis (Nvivo) to analyse the data. The results indicate that leadership coaching facilitates reflective practice for leaders and those they manage, leading to a distribution of practice that facilitates distributed leadership, therein building leadership capacity and enhancing teacher/leader well-being. However, time, workload and creating a culture of coaching in schools are still challenges, as leadership coaching is still a new and unknown leadership concept. The findings suggest that it is vital that the support services endorse its value, that time is allocated to supporting coaching and that staff need both CPD and further education on what coaching entails in order to build a coaching culture in Irish schools.

A Delphi consensus study to determine the workload components and activity standards of dietitians in South Africa’s central and tertiary public hospitals

BackgroundThe global Human Resources for Health (HRH) strategy emphasizes the need to invest in HRH to meet population needs and improve the provision of quality health care services. In South Africa, dietitians are recognized as registered professionals who provide nutrition services. In this paper, we used 2 key steps (3 and 4) of the eight step World Health Organization (WHO) Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) methodology to determine the workload components and activity standards for dietitians at South African central and tertiary public hospitals.MethodsAll (9) provincial nutrition managers (phase one) and 21 out of a total 22 head dietitians at central and tertiary public hospitals (phase two) participated in an online survey. In phase one, the provincial managers provided the job descriptions (JDs) of dietitians in their provinces, and the JDs were analyzed to determine the baseline workload components. In phase two, dietitians participated in a multi-stage Delphi process to reach consensus on workload components and activity standards. Consensus was deemed to be agreement of 70% or more, while the median of participants’ responses was used to obtain consensus on the activity standards.ResultsThe JDs of dietitians were a useful baseline for the consensus exercise as there were no other suitable source documents. The response rate was 100% for all three rounds of the Delphi survey. Dietitians reached agreement (consensus ≥ 70%) on 92% of proposed workload components and activity standards. Following the removal of duplicate and certain administrative activities, a total of 15 health, 15 support and 15 additional service activities with aligned activity standards resulted from the consensus exercise.ConclusionThe Delphi technique was a suitable method for reaching agreement on workload components and activity standards for dietitians at South African central and tertiary public hospitals. The findings from this study can now be used to compile a standardized list of workload components and activity standards and ultimately to determine dietetic staffing needs for the central and tertiary public hospital level of care.

Analisis Beban Kerja Fore-Log Plant B PT XYZ Menggunakan Metode Workload Indicator Of Staffing Needs

PT XYZ is a specialty chemical manufacturing company with various products for Paper, Water Treatment, Oil Mining, Mining, Plastic, Masterbatch, Agriculture, Home Care, and other industries. PT XYZ in planning its Human Resources must be careful to get optimal workers and high work productivity, so a Workload Analysis is needed to optimize the existing workforce at PT XYZ. In the research process, researchers found the phenomenon of multiple positions in the organizational structure of the Logistics Department of PT XYZ, namely by fore log plant B. This research was conducted with a qualitative method with interviews, observations, and data processing of the daily report of the Foreman Logistic Plant B of PT XYZ. The workload analysis method used in this research is the Workload Indicator of Staffing Needs (WISN) method. With the WISN method, the standard workload can be determined to determine the appropriate number of workers. From the results of research conducted in August 2023, it shows that the standard workload fore log plant B is included in the fit or in accordance with the workload standards set by the company, namely 1.3 so that duplicate positions are allowed.

Snakebite prevalence and risk factors in a nomadic population in Samburu County, Kenya: A community-based survey.

Snakebite is an important public health concern, especially in tropical areas, but the true burden remains unclear due to sub-optimal reporting and over-reliance on health facility-based data. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Samburu County, Kenya from December 2019 to March 2020. Geospatial techniques were used to create a sampling frame of all households in Samburu County and a multistage cluster sampling strategy to select households and recruit study participants. Five year prevalence and mortality rates were estimated, the characteristics and circumstances of snakebite were described, and multilevel logistic regression models were built to identify independent risk factors for snakebite. We recruited 3,610 individuals living in 875 households from 30 clusters. The 5-year prevalence of snakebite was 2.2% (95% CI 1.4%-3.4%), and the 5-year mortality rate was 138 (95% CI 44-322) deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, resulting in an estimated 1,406 snakebites and 88 deaths from snakebites per year in Samburu County. Snakebite incidents often occurred at night between 9pm and 6 am (44%, n = 36), and the participants were mostly walking/playing outdoors (51%, n = 41) or sleeping (32%, n = 27) when they were bitten. Lower household socioeconomic status and smaller numbers of people per house were significant independent risk factors. Samburu County has a high snakebite burden and the most victims are bitten while sleeping or walking outdoors at night. Snakebite prevention and health promotion programs in Samburu County, and other endemic regions, need to be contextualised and consider the geographic, seasonal, and temporal specificities found in our study. Our findings also have implications for health care delivery, especially identification of the need for night-time staffing with expertise in snakebite management and antivenom availability to better manage patients and thereby improve outcomes.

Дефицит кадрового обеспечения сельскохозяйственной сферы юга России 1920-1930 гг

The article is devoted to the analysis of the need for staffing of agricultural workers that developed during the period of collectivization in the south of Russia. The territorial framework of the problem under consideration covers the macro-region of the North Caucasus Region within the Rostov Region and Krasnodar Territory. Analysis of documentation and statistical data revealed a number of specialties that collective farms were particularly in need of. The following qualified personnel were required: agricultural technicians, machine operators and tractor drivers, accountants and accountants, as well as farm managers. At the same time, the training and education of these specialists had to take place under the strict supervision of the party. Training and retraining of personnel required not only professional qualities, but also political literacy. The authorities decided to eliminate the shortage of personnel in two ways. In the article, the author analyzes these ways and through the analysis and introduction into circulation of new archival and statistical materials identifies the most successful. In the course of the study, methods of analysis, comparison and chronology were applied. The author states that by the end of collectivization, literally in 4 years, the problem of labor shortage was not as acute as before. The most effective way to solve the problem of shortage of qualified personnel was the way of training and retraining of agricultural workers. The sources of the article were previously unpublished materials of the State Archive of the Rostov Region and the Centers of Documentation of the Modern History of the Rostov Region and the Krasnodar Territory.

Fusing Translanguaging with Speaking Technology in the Hospitality Industry: Improving English Communicative Competence

In response to the hospitality industry's critical need for staff with proficient English communicative skills, this study fused translanguaging with speaking technology in a 15-week training program aimed at enhancing English competence among hotel staff in Indonesia. Employing a sequential explanatory mixed-method approach, the research involved 47 international hotel staff members (55.32% male and 44.68% female) from various departments, examining their experiences with and perceptions of translanguaging practices. Data were collected through surveys, pre- and post-speaking tests for quantitative analysis, and narrative frames for qualitative insights. Both descriptive and inferential statistics analyzed the quantitative data, while thematic analysis was applied to the qualitative data. Findings indicated that incorporating Indonesian alongside English markedly improved training outcomes, as evidenced by strong positive participant feedback. Thematic analysis supported these results, highlighting increased confidence, better comprehension of complex concepts, and practical applications in the workplace. Despite challenges like difficulty in switching between languages and occasional confusion, the advantages, such as heightened motivation, faster understanding of materials, and respect for cultural diversity, significantly outweighed the drawbacks. The comparative analysis of the five key aspects of the training confirmed these benefits and the effectiveness of interactions. Moreover, notable enhancements in speaking scores, comprehension, fluency, pronunciation, and vocabulary in pre- and post-tests affirmed the program's success in boosting English communicative competence.

Using the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) – method to asses HR requirements and optimize processes in health care

Changing market conditions and increasingly scarce human resources require health care providers to analyze, review, and constantly adjust their processes within their healthcare facilities. A personnel requirement assessment based on the WISN method has proven to be a useful instrument for personnel planning, but also for identifying potential for improvement and process optimization. Based on a mixed method approach, using a systematic literature review, focus group-based experts discussions and interviews the WISN – method was applied to calculate human resource needs for a neurology team of therapists in a general hospital in Germany. Furthermore, the study intended to identify concrete measures for optimization. The results show that it is possible to calculate the required personal resources using the WISN-Method. Additionally, three support activities (daily documentation, weekly documentation, and scheduling) which, at 5.5 hours/week per therapist, tie up considerable working time could be identified. After implementing the optimization measures, a maximum of 1.36 full-time equivalents (FTE) therapists out of a team of 9.51 FTEs therapists could be saved or used for value-adding other health activities. It can be concluded that WISN is a good way to calculate Human Resource (HR) requirements and can help to increase transparency and efficiency in health care.