Natural Recreational Resources Research Articles

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRO-TOURISM ON THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

This article discusses the potential for the development of agro-tourism, which is an industry of the national economy that requires significant investment. Agro-ecotourism is one of the most popular forms of modern recreational activity. Depending on their specific characteristics, natural and climatic conditions, and management practices, various countries of the world organize this activity in different ways. It has been determined in this work that recreational activities are based on agro-landscapes and natural recreational resources. A systematic approach was the basic methodological foundation for this research, specifically the method of factor analysis, which enabled the identification of key questions for surveys that form the basis for prospects for agro-ecotourism development. A sociological survey conducted by KAZTOUR based on the author’s questionnaire revealed population preferences in the field of agrotourism. Among the organisers of tourist trips, 30.9% chose hiking, 24.4% chose enjoying nature, 15.5% wished to get acquainted with agriculture and care for animals, and 13.6% expressed a desire to receive diverse impressions from a business trip. The majority of people (70.4%) preferred a foothill landscape, 26.1% preferred a river-steppe landscape, and only 3.4% preferred a desert landscape. Most respondents, 47.6%, preferred two-day trips with overnight stays, another third, 33%, chose one-day trips without overnight stay, and only 7% of respondents chose a week-long vacation. A program has been proposed for the successful development of agritourism in Kazakhstan at the city or even country level, reflecting factors that will lead to a high demand for agritourism among the population. These factors are listed in the results of the article. As part of the development of the tourism cluster in the republic, priority areas for tourism have been identified: business tourism, ecological tourism, cultural and educational tourism, active and adventure tours. The main tasks have been identified and necessary methods have been proposed to address the issues of popularization and development of agritourism on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Природные рекреационные ресурсы как основа развития санаторно-курортной отрасли Алтайского края

Introduction. Natural recreational resources and the conditions of the region form the scope of medical and health services, depending on the potential, infrastructure, state of the enterprises of the sanatorium and resort complex. The region has multidisciplinary sanatoriums that use advanced medical and health technologies based on natural recreational factors. The purpose of the study: to assess the natural and recreational resources of the region to improve the development of the sanatorium and resort industry; to create an information database and a map of natural recreational resources to improve the development of the sanatorium and resort industry and the possibility of using these resources to restore public health and ensure the rational use of resort and recreational resources and the sustainable development of the studied industry in the Altai Territory. The scientific groundwork for creating a base of recreational resources of the territories was formed during field and desk research, studying the dynamics of the development of sanatoriums, collecting information on a relational database that contains the coordinates of objects. Research methods: a systematic approach, analytical and graphical methods. geocoding using a GIS environment. The material for the study is a database, which is represented by types of recreational medicinal resources within the territory of the Altai Territory: hydro-mineral (deposit, geographical coordinates), landscape, climatic. The database includes the following items: sanatoriums: name, location with coordinates, number of places in the organization, treatment profiles, treatment procedures; recreational resources: hydro-mineral, landscape, climatic resources. Research results. The natural recreational resources of the region have been studied and an information database has been created. The history, dynamics of the development of the studied industry, the modern characteristics of sanatoriums and a map of natural recreational resources for the development of the sanatorium and resort industry are analyzed. The relational type database contains the coordinates of objects, which allows you to perform the procedure of geocoding or spatial positioning in any GIS environment. Recommendations are given for their development for the development of sanatorium and health resort activities and health tourism in the territory of the region. Conclusion. The created database makes it possible to solve the problem of accumulating data on recreational, sanatorium and health resort resources of the Altai Territory, as well as tourist bases, recreation centers, hotels / hotels. for the sustainable development of the sanatorium and resort industry in the Altai Territory. A scheme based on recommendations on the use of natural resources for various stages of treatment or prevention of various groups of diseases has been proposed. At this stage, the structure of the Natural Resources Base for various categories of diseases has been developed, which allows 1) to assess the potential of medical resources; 2) to develop Recommendations-suggestions for implementation in practice of treatment of different groups of diseases.

Analysis of natural prerequisites for the development of ecotourism in nature conservation areas (on the example of the Pyryatynskyi National Nature Park)


 
 
 This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the natural recreational resources of Piryatinsky NNP, which are attractive for the development of ecotourism. To achieve this goal, the paper uses general scientific methods of scientific knowledge (analysis and synthesis from information sources), as well as the cartographic method. Recommendations for attracting more ecotourists have been formulated and an ecotourism bicycle route has been developed. To determine the period of maximum recreational activity, a phenological calendar of visits to the park’s protected area was created. The results of this study highlight that spring and summer provide the best conditions for a wide range of activities: animal and plant observation, walking along ecological trails, hiking, and representation of the entire natural complex of the Uday River floodplain. Species diversity in autumn and winter is much lower, so visitors are offered a range of activities including zoo ecotourism, landscape ecotourism, and aqua ecotourism. It is also worth noting that not all natural locations are easily accessible, as 40.1% of the land is covered by wet-lands. The development of ecotourism within Piryatinsky NNP is promising, given the significant species biodiversity and the fact that the NNP is part of the Emerald Network of Europe, including the world’s smallest flower plant, the wolfia. When studying a protected area to organise ecotourism, it is necessary to take into account the availability of tourist infrastructure – equipped recreational areas for tourists, rental offices, etc. Based on the above material, it can be noted that a favorable basis for the development of ecotourism in Piryatinsky NNP is the following: location (proximity to Chernihiv and Kyiv regions; the administrative center of Piryatin city community in Lubny district; landscaped and «undeveloped» areas), biodiversity (attractive objects; river valley terraces), bioclimatic and environmental favourability. The park also has ecotourism routes and an educational eco-trail. Thus, the considered NNP as one of the ecotourism sites in Poltava region is an interesting place for environmental research. The practical significance of the study will allow involving stakeholders (local residents, business organizations) in active actions to develop ecotourism. The information presented in this paper will allow for certain decisions to be made when developing a park management strategy, as well as in the geographical distribution of guide training.
 
 

Використання природних рекреаційних ресурсів для потреб відпочинку в умовах війни

The article is devoted to the study of natural recreational resources and the infrastructure available for this purpose in the Pobuzka territorial community of Kirovohrad region, as well as the possible use of these resources for recreation and recuperation during a full-scale war. The main natural resourcessuch as climatic, water and forest of the community are analyzed. It is revealed how the available resources are used or can be used to organize recreation and restore human strength, and how each of the proposed types of recreational activities affects the human body. The peculiarities of using species-based resources for local socio-economic development as one of the sources of revenue for the community budget are revealed. It is justified that rural tourism can be a promising type of tourism in this territory, taking into the ongoing war and the resources required for its development. The main possible leisure and recreation services on the territory of the studied community were analyzed and it was determined that they are suitable for various categories of visitors during the war, primarily for people living in neighboring communities, forcibly displaced persons, families and victims of military aggression on the territory of Ukraine .

Resource losses to Ukrainian tourism caused by full- scale Russian aggression

This article examines the concepts of urbicide and ecocide as a part of the violent policy against the state of Ukraine since the beginning of the full- scale Russian- Ukrainian war and their influence on tourism. We analyse their impact on natural recreational and tourist resources, such as land, air, river networks, and biotic and landscape diversity. Special attention is paid to protected areas of regional and national importance included in Ukraine’s ‘natural reserve fund’ and to sites of international importance that are part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves. The article provides information about recorded crimes in different regions of Ukraine concerning historical and cultural heritage. Since 24 February 2022, at least 569 cultural heritage sites have been destroyed due to the war, including 170 monuments of national and local importance, 146 valuable historical buildings and cultural heritage sites, and 58 memorial monuments and works of art. We analyse losses in hospitality infrastructure relative to their zoning category determined by proximity to active fighting. The paper highlights the most urgent issues of the post- war restoration of Ukraine’s tourism sector, particularly facility staffing issues and ethical considerations when commemorating war events. Research methods: collection, analysis and the generalisation of information from official and research media sources concerning the loss of natural, historical, cultural and infrastructural resources suffered by tourism as a result of Russia’s military aggression in Ukraine from 24 Feb 2022 to 01 July 2023. Results: summary of the losses to tourism destination resources and infrastructure in Ukraine by region and type of impact, and a proposed framework for planning the post- war recovery of different kinds of tourism in Ukraine. This article examines the concepts of urbicide and ecocide as a part of the violent policy against the state of Ukraine since the beginning of the full- scale Russian- Ukrainian war and their influence on tourism. We analyse their impact on natural recreational and tourist resources, such as land, air, river networks, and biotic and landscape diversity. Special attention is paid to protected areas of regional and national importance included in Ukraine’s ‘natural reserve fund’ and to sites of international importance that are part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves. The article provides information about recorded crimes in different regions of Ukraine concerning historical and cultural heritage. Since 24 February 2022, at least 569 cultural heritage sites have been destroyed due to the war, including 170 monuments of national and local importance, 146 valuable historical buildings and cultural heritage sites, and 58 memorial monuments and works of art. We analyse losses in hospitality infrastructure relative to their zoning category determined by proximity to active fighting. The paper highlights the most urgent issues of the post- war restoration of Ukraine’s tourism sector, particularly facility staffing issues and ethical considerations when commemorating war events. Research methods: collection, analysis and the generalisation of information from official and research media sources concerning the loss of natural, historical, cultural and infrastructural resources suffered by tourism as a result of Russia’s military aggression in Ukraine from 24 Feb 2022 to 01 July 2023. Results: summary of the losses to tourism destination resources and infrastructure in Ukraine by region and type of impact, and a proposed framework for planning the post- war recovery of different kinds of tourism in Ukraine.

Modern state, problems and prospects of development of Odesa recreational complex

The article is devoted to the socio-geographical characteristics of the territorial recreational complex of Odesa. The article gives a historical review of establishment and development of recreational activity, gives a description of natural recreational resources and historical and cultural potential of the city. It gives a description of certain types of recreational activities, in particular, sanatorium treatment, medical rehabilitation and tourism, resort areas, formed within the city limits, the problems and prospects of development of Odesa recreational complex are considered here.

CURRENT TRENDS OF SUSTAINABLE ECOLOGIZATION OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY IN THE CHERKASY REGION

The article presents an analysis of modern trends in sustainable ecologization of the tourism industry in the Cherkasy region. Tourism is not only one of the factors of economic growth and development of recreational areas, but also an important factor in environmental problems due to irrational use of nature, negative impact on the environment, which determines the urgency of ecologization of the tourism industry at the current stage of tourism industry development. The relevance of the study is explained by insufficient coverage of the issue of ecologization of the tourism industry in the Cherkasy region in the scientific literature. All historical and cultural reserves of the region are quite far from the city of Cherkasy and are located in a picturesque area rich in natural recreational resources, which leads to the active development of tourism there, but this does not always have a positive effect on the environment. The study reveals the prospects for reducing and avoiding the negative consequences of tourism for the environment in the long run with the help of better coordination and preventive planning, environmentally friendly transport concepts, the use of environmentally compatible supply and disposal technologies and careful management of the tourism organizations activities. The article proves that today in Ukraine there is a quite acute problem of determining the needs for the sustainable development of various types of tourism depending on the availability of natural, anthropogenic and natural-anthropogenic tourism resources in various regions of the country, and in the Cherkasy region in particular, as well as the preservation of these resources, since the impact of tourism on the environment is global and irrational use of resources can lead to irreversible consequences. It is expedient to build a strategy for the development of ecological tourism with the help of the relevant authorities of nature conservation areas and the state tourism administration and with the support of national and regional administrations. The concept of sustainable development of tourism should be aimed at promoting the development of settlements and at the same time protecting natural resources. One of the means of preserving the environment can be the allocation of quiet zones according to ecological aspects, in which tourist buildings should be avoided, and pristine natural areas and landscapes preserved.

ОЦІНКА ЕКОСИСТЕМНИХ ПОСЛУГ МІСТА ЧЕРНІГОВА З ПОЧАТКОМ ПОВНОМАСШТАБНОГО ВТОРГНЕННЯ РОСІЇ НА ТЕРИТОРІЮ УКРАЇНИ

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the ecosystem services of the city of Chernihiv after the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation and to assess the consequences of military actions for the urban space and ecosystem. Methodology. During the writing of the article, the method of analysis and synthesis, analytical, systematic and graphic were used. The informational basis of the study is the scientific work of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, as well as the authors' own observations and memories related to the first days of the Russian-Ukrainian war and the damage that was caused to the environment. Results. The impact of military operations on the disruption of ecosystem elements has been studied. Using the example of the city of Chernihiv, the importance of component ecosystem services and the need to preserve them to ensure the balanced development of the city's territory and improve the quality of life of the population is revealed. The main changes and consequences of the Russian aggression, which affected the state of atmospheric air, river systems, soils, and forest areas, are outlined. One of the main environmental problems of the city is analyzed - the accumulation of garbage and the handling of solid household waste. The ecological potential as a vector of the work of the new City Development Concept, which began to be developed immediately after the end of active hostilities in Chernihiv, was considered. Scientific novelty. Chernihiv is one of the largest cities in the north of Ukraine, which Russian troops have been trying to capture since February 24, 2022. Occupying a convenient geographical position determined by the proximity to the capital of the country, it is of strategic importance for the state. In addition, Chernihiv has unique historical-cultural and natural-recreational resources that require protection and appropriate treatment on the part of the population. Russian aggression caused the destruction not only of infrastructure facilities, enterprises, and houses, but also caused damage to the environment, which in some places has catastrophic consequences. Thus, the study of the elements of the ecosystem, the study of the city's ecological problems, and the receipt of ecosystem services require additional attention from scientists, especially after active hostilities. Practical significance. The practical significance of the article is determined by the possibility of using the research results during educational activities to increase the level of environmental culture and education of the population.

Екотуристичний потенціал НПП «Мезинський»

This article presents an analysis of natural recreational resources and ecotourism potential of the Mezynskyi National Park. The climatic conditions for recreational and tourist activities on the territory of the Mezynskyi NNP, as well as the phenological calendar (flora and fauna) were analysed. As a result, it was determined that the most favourable months for tourists are from April to October, due to the favourable air temperature, as well as the number of plants and animals that can be found on the territory. The flora and fauna of the park is very diverse, for example, the fauna of the park has 2200 species and includes many species from the Red and Green Data Book of Ukraine. The hydrological network is well developed. Several observation platforms have been created. The article also describes the list of ecological recreational services provided by the Mezynskyi NNP. The article concludes with a list of recommendations for further development and promotion of ecotourism in the park in order to raise the environmental awareness of the population.

RESOURCE AND RECREATIONAL POTENTIAL OF KHMELNYTSKYI REGION

The paper discusses that tourism is travel for pleasure; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours. Tourism is international, or within the traveler’s country. Now, tourism is a major source of income for many countries, and affects the economy of both the source and host countries, in some cases being of vital importance. Recreation is an activity of leisure. The ‘need to do something for recreation’ is an essential element of human biology and psychology. One of the regions of promising tourism development in Ukraine is the Khmelnytskyi region, which is characterized by advantageous features of its geographical location, favorable climate, and rich tourist and recreational potential. The tourism industry is an important component of the Khmelnytskyi regional and Ukrainian state's development and is of great importance on the whole for the economy and social sphere.
 Khmelnytskyi region has huge natural resources for the dynamic development of tourism and recreation. In fact, as you know, the natural resource potential of a specific territory is formed by the combination of its natural conditions and resources. Khmelnytska oblast ranks first in the country in terms of land provision for recreational purposes and natural recreational resources rank second in the structure of its natural recreational potential. The natural recreational resources of Khmelnytskyi region include favorable climatic conditions, picturesque landscapes, large forest areas and also mineral water sources near Sataniv. A significant part of the historical and cultural heritage is concentrated in the Kamianets-Podilskyi – famous historical city. Kamianets-Podilskyi city-museum includes more than 100 attractions. Unfortunately, currently the recreational potential of the region is not used to its full extent, which is explained by the peculiarities of regional management and weak promotion of the region for the needs of tourism and recreation.
 Key words: tourism, recreation, historical and culture tourist attractions, balneological resources, Khmelnytskyi region.

Transformation processes in the recreation and tourism industry of European countries at the present stage

The subject of the study is to find out the specifics of the influence of the transformational processes of the world economy on the development of the recreational and tourist industry of European countries and to take into account the experience of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is the scientific substantiation of theoretical and practical provisions regarding the development of the recreational and tourist industry of European countries in the context of modern transformational changes in the world economy. Research methods. General scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge of empirical and theoretical levels of research are used to study transformational processes in the recreational and tourist industry of European countries at the current stage of development. Results of the article. The article examines the peculiarities of the impact of transformational processes on the development of the recreational and tourist industry of European countries, studying their experience for practical implementation in Ukraine. Field of application of results. The results of the study can be used by enterprises of the recreation and tourism industry of Ukraine, institutions of higher education, united territorial communities of the country and all interested persons in this issue. Conclusions. The recreational and tourist industry of European countries is a priority direction for the development of their economies and cultures. The European region is the most attractive for tourists, and the countries of Western and Southern Europe are distinguished by the highest and most effective level of use of recreational and touristic potential. Rich natural recreational resources, a significant number of cities with historical, architectural monuments, artistic and cultural values attract about 59% of the planet's tourists. According to the World Tourism Organization, the leaders in the number of tourists and vacationers in Europe are France, Great Britain, Germany, Spain, Italy and Greece [3]. The experience of European countries proves that the participation of the state in the development of the recreational and tourist industry, where centralized regulation solves a number of problems of the spontaneous market economy in favor of the sustainable (balanced) development of this sphere of activity, is the most acceptable for Ukraine as well, since our country has a high level of provision of natural and historical and cultural values ​​for proper socio-economic development due to recreation and tourism, taking into account the fact that post-war economic reconstruction, as a result of Russian aggression, will last for years.

Marketing in the organization of the development ecological tourism the Carpathian region

Introduction. Sharpening attention to environmental issues and finding new marketing approaches and forms of rational use of natural recreational resources in the Carpathian region will contribute to the formation of environmental culture, environmental values, ability to follow moral and legal norms and rules of environmentally sound behavior and more. An important place in the problems solving is given to eco-tourism and marketing in the organization of ecotourism development, which will help to realize that rational recreational nature using will not only stimulate the flow of entry into the region, increase welfare, but also play an important role in preserving natural resources as parts of global resources.The purpose of the study is to identify ecologically attractive areas for the development of ecological tourism, substantiate the unique potential of the Carpathian region for this type of tourism and identify areas of creative implementation of foreign experience to establish stages of marketing process in the organization of ecological tourism.Methods. The using of the analysis method, questionnaires, study of foreign experience, system-structural approach became the methodological basis of the study.Results. The uniqueness of the region for ecological tourism is established on the analysis of opportunities for the ecological tourism development in the Carpathian region, in particular, the distribution of protected lands and their functional structure, the availability of reserves and national parks, etc. A high level of interest in ecological tourist products was established by surveying tourists who visited Vyzhnytsia National Park. Based on the study of foreign experience, the stages of the marketing process that can be implemented in the practice of organizing the development of ecotourism in the Carpathian region are identified. The most promising types of ecological tourist products are offered and the influence of ecotourism development on the balance of nature protection, economic, social, cultural, integration and other interests in the region is established.Discussion. Important areas of further research in the context of determining the role and place of marketing in the ecotourism development are, in particular, the determination of target categories of visitors, assessing the demand for various ecotourism programs and competition analysis.

“DNISTER” REGIONAL LANDSCAPE PARK - IN THE TERRITORIAL RECREATIONAL NETWORK OF PODILIA

The publication considers the peculiarities of the nature of the regional landscape park "Dnister", the landscapes of which have been influenced by economic activity. According to the tested method, its recreational potential and transport accessibility were assessed. The role of the park in the possible provision of recreational services for 90 thousand people and almost 560 thousand people in total has been established. The important socio-economic role in the regional recreational system of Vinnitsa region, as well as the key role in environmental and ecological networks is recognized. It is noted that RLP is a connecting contact element with the ecological network of the Republic of Moldova.
 The intensification of the creation of regional parks is dictated both by objective preconditions (available recreational resources, growing needs of the local population in providing recreational services) and the interest of local authorities in increasing the area of protected areas. In addition, the newly created territories and objects of the NPF correspond to the conceptual principles of forming a regional network of protected areas and the formation of the integrity of the basic elements of the regional ecological network. Therefore, the landscapes of RLP "Dnister" are involved in the formation of a key area of regional importance of the eco-network of Vinnitsa and Podillya in general.
 Calculations of the recreational capacity of the territory showed that within the RLP "Dnister" the minimum recreational capacity is 1219400 people, the average - 1524250, the maximum - 18291000 people. This type of assessment takes into account the average load per square kilometer. If calculations are made within the functional zones of the park (Table 2), the recreational capacity will be redistributed mainly between the zones of regulated and stationary recreation, the economic zone with partial use of the protected area.
 Since the recreational and economic zones of the park occupy about 70% of the territory, for a more accurate assessment of the recreational capacity of the functional zones need to use a reduction factor of 0.7.
 A more detailed spatial assessment of recreational capacity requires consideration of the decreasing slope steepness coefficient. At steepness of slopes of 10-20% - the lowering factor of number of vacationers makes 0,8; at 20-30% - 0.6; 30-50% - 0.4; over 50% - 0.2. As an average for RLP, we took a reduction factor of 0.6, which was used for the entire park.
 RLP "Dnister" is endowed with a high potential of natural and historical and cultural recreational resources available for short-term recreation of about 90 thousand locals, with a potential recreational capacity of 560 thousand people.
 The Dnister Regional Landscape Park is an important element not only of the regional recreational system, but also of the Podillya regional eco-network and is dedicated to the national-wide eco-corridor, which connects a number of key areas of the Middle Trans Dnister National Park.
 Key words: Regional Landscape Park, Dnister, territorial recreational network, Podillya.

Estimation of ecological factors of sustainable rural development: regional features

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal the scientific and methodological foundations for assessing the environmental component of sustainable development of rural areas. Results. On the example of the Volyn region of Ukraine the system analysis of ecological situation is accomplished in a region, taking into account the level of material well-being and efficiency of the use of natural (land) resources. The level of anthropogenic and technogenic load in rural areas, as well as the state of intensification of environmental protection activities, was determined. The necessity of developing a system of measures for the formation and provision of environmental conditions for the sustainable development of rural areas is proved. Scientific novelty. Based on the results of the study, it was determined that the main disadvantages of the modern agricultural landscapes of Volyn are: intensive use of degraded, unproductive and radioactively contaminated lands; irrational use of especially valuable productive lands; violation of optimal crop rotations and their saturation with erosion-hazardous crops; inconsistency of land use with their agro-ecological characteristics; violation of the optimal ratio in agrolandscapes of various types of land (natural, semi-natural and anthropogenic); spread and deepening of degradation processes; unsatisfactory state of forest reclamation of agrolandscapes and insignificant development of lands for nature protection purposes. To correct these shortcomings, a new, scientifically based approach to agricultural production using modern innovative technologies is needed. Practical value. Prospects for the development of agricultural production in the Volyn region require environmental orientation and the development of fundamentally new approaches to the organization and management of quality of the environment in agricultural production. It is necessary to provide scientific, methodological, informational and consulting assistance to the population on farming and land use. The Volyn Polissya zone has a favorable geographical position, favorable natural and climatic conditions, a great historical and cultural heritage, natural recreational and medical resources, the rational and careful use of which will ensure the sustainable development of rural areas.

Reproduction, Use and Circulation of Natural Recreational Resources in the Context of Globalization

Transformations in the economy have led to significant changes in the recreational sphere of the macroregion. The introduction of market relations in the process of use, conservation, improvement and protection of natural recreational resources in the Carpathian macroregion has significantly exacerbated the solution of environmental, social and economic problems. Reproduction of natural resources in the recreational sphere requires the introduction of new theoretical and methodological principles. First of all, it concerns the qualitative distribution of resources suitable for the organization of recreation between the consumer spheres. This is the conceptual basis for establishing the limits of their use in order to prevent degradation and exhaustion. Exploring the ecological and economic principles of reproduction of natural recreational resources, two areas are identified: intra-industry, which characterizes the reproduction of studied resources within the recreational economy and intersectoral, which relates to the reproduction of attractive natural resources, which at the time of study are subject to economic activities. It is scientifically substantiated that the institutes functioning in the recreational sphere of the macroregion do not provide the proper solution of the set tasks. Institutional changes are needed, taking into account such prerequisites as: transition to a market model of management; intensification of the development of the recreational sphere in the conditions of insufficient experience; ecological situation in the macroregion; environment for the development of recreation in the context of globalization.

Natural recreational resources as a factor of health & wellness tourism clusters formation and development

The paper considers abilities of natural recreational resources transformation to the basic for domestic tourist clusters formation, defines a cluster as a methodology for the development of globally competitive regional (national) healthand wellness tourism (HWT) systems that have the potential both to stimulate the economic system of the home country and to integrate themselves into cross-border tourist flows and industry investments. Based on the analysis of the best practices in the formation of HWT clusters, their main types, features of organization and functioning are identified, geographical, social, and economic conditions for the implementation of clustering strategies in various countries and regions of the world are given.

Position of Spain in the global tourism market: its competitive capacity and priorities

The article is devoted to the study of Spain's place in the world tourism market and determines the specialization of the country's recreational economy. The tourist potential of Spain is characterized. Equal attention is paid to the research devoted to natural recreational resources as well as historical and cultural heritage sites. The role of tourist infrastructure in the development of the country’s tourism sector is outlined. Besides, the paper presents recreational zoning of the territory of Spain. The intensity, dynamics and geography of incoming and outgoing flows, features of domestic tourism, as well as revenues from international tourism and average tourist costs are analyzed. In addition to current data, the dynamics of the main statistical indicators of international tourism are traced. The impact of the global pandemic COVID-19 on the tourism industry of the studied country is estimated. The article depicts the main problems inherent in the Spanish tourism industry, in particular, economic, environmental and social problems. Simultaneously, the main priorities of Spain in the world tourism market are defined. The study was conducted on the basis of analysis of statistical reports and material data of UNWTO and the Institute of National Statistics of Spain, the Alliance for Excellence in Tourism, i.e. Exceltur. The methodological tools of the study involve analytical, statistical, comparative-geo-graphical, mathematical methods, as well as methods of generalization and systematization, etc.

Malta’s tourism potential


 
 
 
 Methods of estimation of tourist and recreational resources are traced; the analysis of natural tourist and recreational resources of the Republic of Malta is carried out; the analysis of historical and cultural tourist and recreational resources of the country is carried out; a point assessment of the country’s provision of tourist and recreational resources; the place of the Republic of Malta on the tourist market of Ukraine is revealed. The Republic of Malta is one of the few countries in the world with such a large and diverse historical and cultural site. The lands of the country have experienced centuries of historical events, after which there are memories in the form of cathedrals, palaces, museums, fortifications, etc. Malta has been established as a country with an ancient history. It has a large number of unique cultural monuments, as there were Carthaginians and Phoenicians, Roman and Byzantine empires, Arabs, knights of the Order of St. John, Napoleon, the British Empire. The country’s historical and cultural tourist resources make it interesting for tourists to visit. Malta has a great historical past, which has left a great legacy in the form of ancient fortresses, churches, cathedrals, majestic palaces. The UNESCO World Heritage Site is no exception for the country; there are 3 of them in the list. There are 7 sites in the country that are also currently candidates for inclusion in the World Heritage List. The country is rich in fortifications; there are 35 units in the country, which are of particular interest for tourists. Most of the fortifications were built during the Order of Malta to fortify the country from invaders. The natural conditions of Malta, which are the basis for tourism development, are analyzed. Methods for estimating the tourist potential of the country have been studied, in particular: normative-index, balance, graphic, cartographic, expert, statistical and mathematical methods, scoring. Integrated indicators for each region of Malta were determined using a score. Three categories of regions have been identified according to the assessment of the tourist potential of the territory.
 
 
 

THE ESSENCE AND COMPONENTS OF THE INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR INCLUSIVE TOURISM AND RECREATIONAL NATURE

Topicality. Inclusive development is one of the new social approaches that should be fully ensured in such a socially significant area as tourism and recreation. The peculiarity of the use of natural recreational resources requires the improvement of the institutional environment and legislative and legal support for inclusive development.Aim and tasks. The article is devoted to the formation of the design of the institutional support system for the inclusive development of tourism and recreational nature management and the content of its elements.The objective of the article is to disclose the essence of norms, rules, institutions, methods, activities and tools that together create equal opportunities in the use of socially significant recreational resources, harmonize the interests of the subjects of recreational nature management and contribute to the implementation of the goals of inclusive development.Research results. Institutional support for the inclusive development of tourism and recreational nature management should be built using a systematic approach, disclosing the importance of functions, principles and criteria for its provision in the context of interaction between the subjects of tourism and recreational nature management. The implementation of an inclusive institutional regime ensures the growth of the social product in the socio-economic system and its fair distribution among all participants.The main functions of the institutional support for the inclusive development of tourism and recreational nature management are: control; regulation, especially property relations; coordination; ensuring environmental and social security and information. Along with regulatory, economic and infrastructural measures, among the main priorities for the implementation of an inclusive approach is the formation of an information environment and investment support.Conclusions. Tourism and recreational nature management is not provided with an effective system of management and regulation of the processes that take place in it. It needs a separate improvement of the institutional environment in the context of inclusive development. The proposed design of the inclusive tourism and recreational nature management system will allow realizing such dominants of inclusive development as: ensuring equal opportunities in access to valuable recreational resources and recreational services; equal opportunities for the realization of the right to rest, restoration of psychophysical conditions, health improvement, harmonious development of the personality; ensuring social and economic activity, well-being and employment opportunities in the field of tourism and recreation business; high efficiency in the use of socially important natural resources and conditions

NATURAL RECREATIONAL RESOURCES OF CHORTKIV DISTRICT OF TERNOPIL REGION

The article presents a component-by-component analysis of natural recreational resources of the newly created territorial and administrative unit –Chortkiv district of Ternopil region. Geomorphological, water, biotic recreational resources are described. It is proposed to allocate the Chortkiv recreational area, which will include three recreational complexes: Monastyrysk and Buchach, Borshchiv and Zalishchyky, Chortkiv and Husyatyn. For the selected recreational complexes and nodes the types of recreational occupations according to the main groups of recreational resources are offered.The Monastyrysk and Buchach recreational complex has recreationally interesting landscapes that are part of the Dniester Canyon Landscape park, in particular the cascades of Rusylivsky and Sokiletsky waterfalls, the Zholoby cave (for cognitive recreation), and the mass recreation territory in the area of ​​the Lisova camp site, as well as the valley of the Strypa River from the village of Skomorohy (Buchach territorial community) to the village of Lytychi (Zalishchyky territorial community) for water tourism. Borshchiv and Zalishchyky recreational complex includes Borshchiv and Zalishchyky recreation centers and is characterized by very high recreational potential due to the aesthetic appeal of landscapes, a large number of living and inanimate objects, high climate comfort. The Dniester canyon, saturated with natural protection objects along its entire length, is favorable for the development of ecotourism, tourist and excursion cognitive recreation.Zalishchyky recreational center. Within the valley of the Dniester River in the vicinity of the village Khmelev, the valley of the river Dzhuryn near the village Nyrkiv and village Nahoryany (Chervonogorod waterfall) of Tovste territorial community, areas for mass recreation. The development of cognitive tourist and excursion recreation is promoted by Zhyzhavsk and Obizhevsk botanical reserves of national importance, in which forest and meadow and steppe groups with valuable relict shrubs are protected: Polish spiraea, Cyticus Podilskyy, dwarf cherry. Kasperivtsi Landscape Reserve of national importance with unique natural complexes in the valley of the Seret River with a picturesque reservoir, the presence of geological, paleontological and botanical objects of nature is a place of short-term recreation. In the valley of the Dniester and its tributaries there are ways to the surface of mineral waters – sulfate, chloride, like "Naftusya" or "Druskininkai" (Zalishchyky, Tovste), as well as medicinal peat bog (Tovste), which, in combination with a warm climate (climatotherapy), is the basis for the development of health and recreation.The unique flora of Western Podilsk Transdnistria is represented in Zhyzhavsk, Obizhevsk, Shutromyntsi, tract "Hlody" botanical nature reserves, can be the object of scientific and cognitive tourism for botanists, teachers, students, students of profile and secondary schools.Borshchiv recreation center also has a high recreational potential. Extremely interesting for the development of scientific and cognitive tourism are the outcrops of sediments belonging to the Paleozoic era (Trubchyn tract, Dzvenyhorodsk Silurian outcrops, Silurian and Devonian deposits in the Dniester, Khudykivsk outcrops of Lower Cretaceous deposits). In terms of completeness, number of fossil fauna and flora, accessibility for observation, most of them are of international importance and are stratotypes for the Eastern European platform.Chortkiv and Husyatyn recreation complex includes Husyatyn and Chortkiv recreation centers. Husyatyn recreation center specializes in the development of health and recreation. Husyatyn is a balneological resort with the use of low-mineralized water with a high content of organic substances such as "Naftusya" called "Novozbruchanska" and brines of high mineralization such as "Druskininkai" called "Husyatynska". Chortkiv recreational center specializes in short-term recreation, development of sports and recreation, which is facilitated by areas of river floodplains, slopes covered with forests, the river Seret for various types of water tourism.Key words: recreational resources, administrative district, recreational district, recreational complex.