Natural Health Products Research Articles

Fucoidan Enhances Cisplatin-induced Effects on SCC-25 Human Oral Cancer Cells by Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT Pathway.

Cisplatin is a drug for treating oral cancer. However, several previous studies indicate that oral cancer cells can develop resistance to cisplatin, which may result in a poor prognosis for patients with oral cancer. Fucoidan, a natural health product extracted from brown seaweed, has anticancer abilities against various types of cancer cell. This study evaluated whether fucoidan can enhance the sensitivity of oral cancer cells to cisplatin and explored the underlying mechanism. SCC-25 cells were used in the present study and treated with 0.3125 mg/ml fucoidan, 12.5 μg/ml cisplatin, or 0.3125 mg/ml fucoidan plus 12.5 μg/ml cisplatin for 48 h, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, enzyme-linked immunosorbent, and immunoblotting assays were performed to evaluate cell survival, cytokeratin-18 fragment release, and expression of markers of apoptosis and autophagy, respectively. Cotreatment with fucoidan enhanced cisplatin-induced reduction of SCC-25 cell survival compared to cisplatin alone. In addition, cotreatment also increased the expression of apoptosis markers, including activated caspase-8, activated caspase-9, activated caspase-3, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), but did not increase the expression of the two autophagy markers studied, beclin and autophagy-related 12-autophagy-related 5 conjugate. Fucoidan significantly inhibited cisplatin-induced AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 activation, which promoted PARP cleavage, caspase-3 activation, and cytokeratin-18 fragment expression in SCC-25 cells. Fucoidan promoted cisplatin-induced effects by inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate 3 kinase/AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 activation induced by cisplatin. The results of this study may provide a basis for the possible application of the combination of fucoidan and cisplatin in the clinical treatment of oral cancer in the future to improve the prognosis of patients with oral cancer.

Fractionation of Simulated Digestive Products of Bird’s Nest In Vitro: Skin Whitening Activity of Fractions

Edible bird’s nest (EBN) has been proven to exhibit whitening activity. In spite of this, the relationship between the digestive products of EBN and the whitening activity is still unclear. Hence, the B16-F10 cell model was used in this study to study the whitening activity of simulated EBN digestion products in vitro. The simulated digestive juices showed significant inhibition of tyrosinase (TYR) ( P < 0.05), and the release rate of free sialic acid was 21.87% in EBN digestive juices. After simulated gastrointestinal digestion, the relative contents of <1 kDa components, 1–3 kDa components, and >3 kDa components were 42.63%, 15.05%, and 42.32%, respectively. EBN digestive products were further fractionated, and the fraction of <1 kDa (EPP-1) exhibited the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity with 83.12% and its peptides content was 92.44%. The EPP-1 significantly inhibited tyrosinase activity and decreased melanin content ( P > 0.05) by regulating the cAMP/MITF/TRP-1/TRP-2 tyrosinase signaling pathways in the B16-F10 cell experiment. Based on these findings, our data suggest that the digestive products of EBN may potentially be fit for developing a new generation of natural whitening health products.

Characterization and profiling of mustard honey derived from three subspecies of Apis cerana F. in Bangladesh

The Asian honey bee, Apis cerana, has received considerable attention as a quality honey producing bee species among the beekeepers and consumers all over the world As a natural health product, the nutritional profiling of honey from different botanical sources have well understood, however, the physico-chemical properties of honey can also be mediated from its entomological sources. Recent phylogeny of A. cerana in Bangladesh revealed the occurrences of three subspecies, however, the physico-chemical profiling of the honey corresponding to A. cerana subspecies were lacking. This research aims to analyze the physicochemical and biochemical properties of honey derived from the identified A. cerana subspecies for profiling for using as an authentical tool against honey adulteration. Honeybee samples were collected from seven localities in Bangladesh based on nectarine sources. Genetic diversity was estimated using the mtDNA sequences of Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit-1 (COI 1) gene of A. cerana with accession number (MZ558037-MZ558043). The physicochemical properties, namely moisture, pH, color, free acidity, formaldehyde, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), electrical conductivity (EC), and optical density (OD), were analyzed for profiling and determining correlations among the identified honeybee subspecies. Phylogenetic analysis of A. cerana revealed three subspecies namely A. cerana indica, A. cerana japonica, and A. cerana cerana. Among physicochemical properties of honey color absorbance showed strong positive correlation with OD, EC, pH that denoted increase in OD, EC, pH also increases the color. free acidity among the honey produced by three different subspecies. However, formaldehyde and free acidity are positively correlate with each other. The findings can be used to discriminate honey in accordance to their entomological origin.

Integrative Oncology Care of Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Adults With Cancer: Society for Integrative Oncology-ASCO Guideline.

To provide evidence-based recommendations to health care providers on integrative approaches to managing anxiety and depression symptoms in adults living with cancer. The Society for Integrative Oncology and ASCO convened an expert panel of integrative oncology, medical oncology, radiation oncology, surgical oncology, palliative oncology, social sciences, mind-body medicine, nursing, methodology, and patient advocacy representatives. The literature search included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials published from 1990 through 2023. Outcomes of interest included anxiety or depression symptoms as measured by validated psychometric tools, and adverse events. Expert panel members used this evidence and informal consensus with the Guidelines into Decision Support methodology to develop evidence-based guideline recommendations. The literature search identified 110 relevant studies (30 systematic reviews and 80 randomized controlled trials) to inform the evidence base for this guideline. Recommendations were made for mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), yoga, relaxation, music therapy, reflexology, and aromatherapy (using inhalation) for treating symptoms of anxiety during active treatment; and MBIs, yoga, acupuncture, tai chi and/or qigong, and reflexology for treating anxiety symptoms after cancer treatment. For depression symptoms, MBIs, yoga, music therapy, relaxation, and reflexology were recommended during treatment, and MBIs, yoga, and tai chi and/or qigong were recommended post-treatment. Issues of patient-health care provider communication, health disparities, comorbid medical conditions, cost implications, guideline implementation, provider training and credentialing, and quality assurance of natural health products are discussed. While several approaches such as MBIs and yoga appear effective, limitations of the evidence base including assessment of risk of bias, nonstandardization of therapies, lack of diversity in study samples, and lack of active control conditions as well as future research directions are discussed.Additional information is available at www.asco.org/survivorship-guidelines.

Assessing Canadian regulation of muscle-building supplements: Identifying gaps and recommendations for improvement to protect the health and well-being of young people

Muscle-building supplements are a vast group of dietary products purported to aid with muscle-building and performance enhancement. Legal muscle-building supplements, such as whey protein and creatine monohydrate, are commonly used among young people (i.e., adolescents and young adults ages 10–29 years), particularly boys and young men, and are correlated with many adverse health effects. In Canada, these products are regulated by the Natural Health Products Regulations. This policy analysis aimed to investigate current Canadian policy related to muscle-building supplements to identify key gaps that expose Canadians, particularly young people, to potential risks. Several gaps were identified, including an over-reliance on industry to provide accurate product and manufacturing site testing, no age restrictions on product purchasing and use, no warning labels on products related to known risks, and lack of regulatory control from individual provincial health ministries. Given the gaps, specific policy recommendations are provided to strengthen the current policy, reduce use, and minimize negative effects of use. There is an urgent need to strengthen Canadian regulations of muscle-building supplements to protect the health and well-being of young people.

Skin health properties of Paeonia lactiflora flower extracts and tyrosinase inhibitors and free radical scavengers identified by HPLC post-column bioactivity assays

Skin health is a major concern across the world. The Paeonia lactiflora Pall. flower (PLPF) is well-known in China as an edible ornamental flower, that has been traditionally prescribed for the treatment of irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea. However, its chemical constituents and bioactivities have not been systematically stuided. This study tentatively identified 27 compounds in aqueous and ethanol extracts of PLPF using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, including four monoterpene glycosides, six phenols, six tannins, ten flavonoids and a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. Online antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor screening assays based on post-column bioactivity tests were used to screen for bioactive compounds in the extracts. Online and offline bioactivity assays showed that both extracts exhibited notable antioxidant properties against DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP, potent antiglycation capacity, and significant inhibition of tyrosinase, cyclooxygenase-2, and collagenase. Gallic acid derivatives were the main contributors to the antioxidant and antityrosinase capacity and may also inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 and collagenase, but they exhibited weak antiglycation capacity. The antiglycation effects may be due to the synergistic action of gallic acid and specific flavonoids. PLPF is a promising source of bioactive compounds for the development of natural skin health products.

Propolis Effect on Growing Rabbits as Natural Health Product

Propolis Effect on Growing Rabbits as Natural Health Product

Evaluation of acute and sub-chronic oral toxicities of Neoneaster in rats.

Jaundice is a condition caused by the elevation of bilirubin level in the blood. Due to the neurological and neurodevelopmental sequalae of jaundice in newborns, the high cost of the treatment, and the side effects of the currently used therapies, novel therapeutically approaches are needed. Purgative manna (Shir-e-Khesht) has been used in Persian traditional medicine to reduce serum bilirubin levels of neonates. Neoneaster® is a natural health product formulated by a unique method from the manna of Cotoneaster nummularius Fisch. & C.A.Mey. for treating neonatal jaundice and managing constipation. The main component of Neoneaster®, mannitol, is an osmotic laxative which could increase intestinal transit and reduce the re-absorption of bilirubin in the enterohepatic cycle. We conducted this study to investigate acute and sub-chronic oral toxicities of Neoneaster in Wistar rats. In the acute oral toxicity test, based on OECD 423 we administered Neoneaster to the Wistar rats at doses of 5, 50, 300, and 2000mg/kg(OECD, 2002). Toxicological effects, including mortality and behavioral changes, were recorded for 14 days and compared to the control group. We also carried out histopathological assessments of the tissues of liver, heart, kidney, and spleen after this period. To evaluate sub-chronic toxicity, while administering 2000mg/kg of Neoneaster daily to the Wistar rats, we recorded for changes in mortality and behavior for 45 days and compared these to the values of the control group. We also carried out biochemical, hematological, and histopathological assessments after this period. In both acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity tests, no mortalities, behavioral abnormalities, and histological signs of toxicity was observed in any of the administered doses in comparison to the control group. The percentage of weight gains in acute toxicity test and the weight gain in sub-chronic test were not significant (P>0/05). There were also no significant differences in hematological and biochemical markers (P>0/05). Based on our finding, Neoneaster can be classified as category 5 in the Globally Harmonized Chemical Classification and Labeling System (GHS) as its Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) is higher than 2000mg/kg. This study suggests that Neoneaster is safe and can be classified as category 5 in the GHS system.

Abstracts of the 19th Annual Conference of the Natural Health Products Research Society of Canada: New Frontiers in NHP Research

With their 19th Annual Conference, the Natural Health Products (NHP) Research Society of Canada celebrates 20 years of excellence in supporting research and evidence-based policy and product development in Canada and around the world. The general theme of the Conference is thus appropriately entitled “New Frontiers in NHP Research: Celebrating 20 Years of Innovation”. Indeed, it is in a forward-looking stance that the Conference showcases state-of-the art innovations in NHP research from the academic, industry and governmental perspectives, as is the tradition of the Society. Scientific sessions cover NHP applications in cancer, cardiometabolic disease, and aging as well as food derived NHPs and industry innovations. Panel discussions are another trademark of the Annual Conference and address inconsistencies in NHP lab testing, the role of Traditional Herbal Medicine in NHP research, and new developments in NHP analysis. Finally, government and industry representatives offer perspectives on national and international regulatory frameworks.

A New UHPLC Analytical Method for St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum) Extracts

Commonly used to treat mood disorders, St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum) is a popular herb in the natural health products industry. The potency of its active ingredients can be determined using a number of different analytical methods, but it is more widely determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). While monographs in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) can often be relied upon for suitable analytical methods, the method proposed for determining hypericin content in St. John’s Wort products is inefficient in carrying out this purpose. This paper presents a modified new HPLC method for determining the hypericin content that can also be used for St. John’s Worts capsules and tablets by making use of purified hypericin as a chemical standard instead of oxybenzone, applying a wavelength of 588 nm during analysis and utilizing a binary instead of ternary mobile phase gradient. The resulting method and sample chromatograms provide better resolved, more easily identifiable peaks, shorter run time, and increased sustainability compared to the original USP method. This proposed method was developed using the more refined ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and serves as a more accurate and reliable method for determining hypericin content in St. John’s Wort.

A Mini Review of Underutilized Native Plants from East Malaysia’s Rainforests as Potential Hypertensive Drugs

Abstract: Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are on the rise throughout the world at an alarming rate. As a result, a variety of techniques to help in the prevention and control of hypertension have been tried, one of which is the use of natural medicines derived from medicinal plants. The relevance of plant-based medicine is now recognised by western countries, as seen by Canada's Natural Health Product Regulations, which were promulgated in January 2004. The Southeast Asian rainforests, notably in East Malaysia, are home to a diverse range of medicinal plant species with endless potential as pharmacological candidates, particularly as antihypertensive agents. The indigenous ethnic groups of East Malaysia have long utilised a broad variety of medicinal plant species to treat hypertension, thanks to their extensive usage of traditional remedies and in-depth understanding of ethnomedicine, which are fundamental elements of their culture. However, scientific understanding of ethnomedicines used to treat hypertension, particularly the processes underlying their antihypertensive action, is inadequate. Based on previous scientific studies, this review aims to address the antihypertensive effects of medicinal plants used by indigenous ethnic groups in East Malaysia, Sabah, in order to provide insights into the mechanisms of the plants' antihypertensive activity for the development of antihypertensive agents from these native plants.

Interim Report on a Live Review of Systematic Reviews of Natural Health Products and Natural Therapies in the Prevention and/or Treatment of COVID-19

Objective: This living review of systematic reviews investigates the types and volume of research pertaining to natural health products and therapies as they relate to the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome. Methods: A monthly search for published peer-reviewed systematic reviews of the topic was initiated May 2022 and is ongoing. Using a systematic keyword search strategy with clear inclusion and exclusion criteria, a summary of the types of studies included, the overall outcome and treatment focus were assessed. Results: A total of 225 systematic reviews encompassing 5,636 studies of randomized controlled trials (49.8%, n=112), observational studies (21.3%, n=48), clinical studies (20.4%, n=46), and other studies (12%, n=27) were included. Of those, 28.9% (n=65) of the systematic reviews focused on prevention, 67.6% (n=152) on treatment, and 3.1% (n=8) on post-COVID. The natural health products reviewed included herbal medicine, vitamins, minerals, other natural health products, and other therapies, with 83.5% (n=188) of all systematic reviews stating a positive outcome and beneficial potential of the natural treatment or therapy investigated. Conclusion: This living systematic review concludes that there is a growing interest in research pertaining to natural health products and therapies with respect to the prevention of COVID-19 infections and addressing disease severity and mortality, especially in adjunct to conventional medical intervention. Nonetheless, there is a lack of high-quality evidence and consistency in outcome reporting across the large breadth of natural treatment and management options.

The Use of Herbal Health Products and Home-Based Remedies for Protection Against Covid-19

Natural medicinal products and home-based remedies have been in use for centuries by people across the world. Tradition, belief, cultural practice, and previous experience are associated with the use of herbal products. The trend is observed to be on the increase since covid-19 Pandemic hit the global stage. In the early days of the Pandemic, people protected themselves by practicing measures that would safeguard them from getting infected with the deadly virus. This study evaluated prevalence, risks, harms, benefits, and other issues associated with using herbs and home-based remedies to prevent and treat Covid-19. It highlights various measures of prevention and treatment practiced by employees and customers of a Regional Corporation by capturing the demographic characteristics, reasons, and associated factors for using alternative medical products. A descriptive cross-sectional survey in a hybrid online was carried out from February 2022 to April 2022. Data of independent and dependent variables was collected using a well-structured hybrid (online and paper and pencil) questionnaire. Prevalence of steam inhalation was 51%, essential oils, including menthol crystal vapour inhalation, was 61%, herbal supplements was 20.6%, and natural health products was 100% (n = 286). Non-allopathic medicinal products, home-based remedies, and other preventive health measures were on the increase in prevalence during covid-19 Pandemic. Large studies are required to assess the efficacy and safety of herbal supplements and home-based remedies to protect users from unnecessary dangers inherent in their use. Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic, Herbal health supplements, Home-based remedies, Infection, Prevalence, Natural products, Regional corporation.

The Rationale for Robust Pharmacovigilance in Monitoring the Safety of Traditional Medicines and Natural Health Products : Joanne Barnes, editor. Adis: Hardcover ISBN 978-3-031-07273-4, eBook ISBN 978-3-031-07275-8, 2022.

The Rationale for Robust Pharmacovigilance in Monitoring the Safety of Traditional Medicines and Natural Health Products : Joanne Barnes, editor. Adis: Hardcover ISBN 978-3-031-07273-4, eBook ISBN 978-3-031-07275-8, 2022.

Effect of Oral Intake of Flammulina velutipes (Enokitake) on Skin Condition in Healthy Adult Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study on Mental and Physical Health

Nutritional foods are concentrated sources of molecules with a nutritional or physiological effect which contain nutrients. There is a category, “nutricosmetics”, defined as ingestible natural health products that enhance the function and appearance of human skin, nails, and hair. A new variety of Flammulina velutipes (F. velutipes), Oki-Shirayuki 919, was explored to ascertain whether its components have functions of nutricosmetics. We focused on physiological effects for enhancing the human skin condition, such as moisturizing or barrier functions in F. velutipes. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study was performed between January and March 2022. Among healthy men and women (n = 30) aged 20 to 59 years, the test group (n = 15) took a test product which included F. velutipes dry powder, and the placebo group (n = 15) took a placebo (a similar product in which the F. velutipes dry powder was replaced with plum fruit paste). Since the amount of increase in skin hydration over four weeks in the test group was significantly larger than that in the placebo group, a significant difference between the two groups was observed (p = 0.033). F. velutipe was suggested to have some physiological functions such as improving skin moisture.

The Prevalence of Online Natural Health Products Purchase: A Systematic Review

Aim and design: This systematic review aimed to estimate the prevalence of online natural health products (NHPs) purchases among consumers. Data Sources: Four databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Sciences) were searched for articles published up to July 1, 2021. Review Method: Studies included were those reporting the prevalence of online NHPs purchases, those excluded were case reports, commentaries, letters, editorials, review articles, theses and non-English studies. The risk of bias of selected studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s checklist, and the pooled prevalence of online NHPs purchases was generated using the random-effect model. Results: A total of 30 studies were included in the meta-analysis, representing a total of 40,535 respondents. The pooled prevalence of online NHPs purchases was estimated at 7.60% (95% CI: 5.49, 10.01). Prevalence was higher in studies conducted in recent years, among physically active populations and when sports nutrition was included within the scope of NHPs. More than half of the selected studies have a moderate risk of bias, and considerable heterogeneity was observed across the selected studies. Conclusion and Impact: Online purchases of NHPs are not common among consumers, but they have become more common in recent years. A wide range of NHPs were investigated across studies, which may have contributed to the considerable heterogeneity reported in this review. It is suggested that future studies investigating online NHPs purchases consider reporting individual prevalence statistics specific to each NHP type, to facilitate meaningful comparisons between studies.

Patterns of natural health product use at an outpatient heart function clinic.

Natural health product (NHP) use is common among Canadians, but the NHPs used by outpatients with cardiovascular conditions such as atrial fibrillation and heart failure have not been identified. Describe NHP use among outpatient cardiac patients, assess drug interactions and their potential implications and determine NHP documentation by health care providers. Telephone interviews were conducted by the main researcher with patients who attended the Cardiac Clinics at the Royal Columbian Hospital. Medication reconciliation was performed to elicit information regarding NHP use and clinic charts were used to supplement demographic information. There were 119 successful interviews. Most patients were approximately 65 years old and male, were diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, had 2 to 3 queried comorbidities and took 2 cardiovascular medications. It was found that 62% of patients use NHPs, and 239 individual NHPs were identified. The most common NHPs used were vitamins and minerals (63%), especially vitamin D (13%), multivitamins (8%) and omega-3s (8%). Interactions between cardiac medications and NHPs occurred in 86% of patients. NHP use was completely documented by health care providers in 24% of patients. NHP use is common among patients who attend outpatient cardiac clinics. Interactions between NHPs and cardiovascular medications are prevalent and may carry specific individual patient risks. NHP documentation by health care providers is often incomplete.

Compositional and functional diversities of core microbial communities in wild and artificial Ophiocordyceps sinensis.

Ophiocordyceps sinensis is an entomogenous fungus, and its wildlife resource is very insufficient, as it is widely traded as a natural health product. The artificial culture of O. sinensis is a remarkably effective progress in addressing the problem. Adding microorganisms may improve the process of artificial culture. To analyse the composition and function of the microbial community, high-throughput sequencing was used to explore the microbial community inhabiting wild and artificial O. sinensis and surrounding soil. Significant differences in the microbial communities across groups were revealed by the PCoA analysis. There were 51 fungal and 598 bacterial operational taxonomic units only beingassigned to the fruiting bodies of wild O. sinensis (Wf) by the Venn diagram. From the LEfSe analysis, 39 fungal taxa and 75 bacterial taxa were enriched in Wf. Enzymes that were highly abundant in the core fungi were involved in physiological metabolic processes. Metabolic pathways weredominated in the core bacteria, followed by environmental information processing. The core microorganisms, with the marked differences between Wf and the other three groups, were essential for wild O. sinensis. Functional analysis verified their involvement in the growth, development, and infection of O. sinensis. These core microorganisms may be a valuable resource for the artificial culture of O. sinensis.

Prediction of herb-drug interactions involving consumption of furanocoumarin-mixtures and cytochrome P450 1A2-mediated caffeine metabolism inhibition in humans

Herb-drug interactions (HDI) has become important due to the increasing popularity of natural health product consumption worldwide. HDI is difficult to predict as botanical drugs usually contain complex phytochemical-mixtures, which interact with drug metabolism. Currently, there is no specific pharmacological tool to predict HDI since almost all in vitro-in vivo-extrapolation (IVIVE) Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) models deal with one inhibitor-drug and one victim-drug. The objectives were to modify-two IVIVE models for the prediction of in vivo interaction between caffeine and furanocoumarin-containing herbs, and to confirm model predictions by comparing the DDI predictive results with actual human data. The models were modified to predict in vivo herb-caffeine interaction using the same set of inhibition constants but different integrated dose/concentration of furanocoumarin mixtures in the liver. Different hepatic inlet inhibitor concentration ([I]H) surrogates were used for each furanocoumarin. In the first (hybrid) model, the [I]H was predicted using the concentration-addition model for chemical-mixtures. In the second model, the [I]H was calculated by adding individual furanocoumarins together. Once [I]H values were determined, the models predicted an area-under-curve-ratio (AUCR) value of each interaction. The results indicate that both models were able to predict the experimental AUCR of herbal products reasonably well. The DDI model approaches described in this study may be applicable to health supplements and functional foods also.

Authentication of Apis Cerana and Apis Mellifera Derived Honey Using Major Royal Jelly Protein 2 Gene and Spectroscopy

Honey, as a natural health product, encounter great compositional influence by its entomological, botanical and geographical origin. In Bangladesh, apiculture relies on the honey production by mostly the European honeybee, Apis mellifera. However, the Asian honeybee Apis cerana honey typically costs three times as much as honey from A. mellifera in honey market due to the production limit, variation in nutrient composition, being prone to adulteration by mislabeling or incorporation of two honey. A. mellifera honey may be mislabeled as A. cerana honey or mixed with A. cerana honey by dishonest businesses and beekeepers who are motivated by substantial earnings. The current study used the MRJP2 (Major Royal Jelly Protein 2) gene and spectroscopic analysis to differentiate honey from A. mellifera and A. cerana. Primers for two different species were designed. A. cerana and A. mellifera exhibited amplification products of 212 and 560 bp, respectively. Duplex PCR was able to identify the presence of as little as 1% A. mellifera honey in the mixture. A. mellifera and A. cerana originated honey was differentiated using MRJP2 gene and UV-VIS spectroscopy. The resulted banding pattern can be used to identify adulterated honey. UV-VIS spectroscopy has been used to determine the concentration of DNA at different wavelength for standardizing the corresponding honey types. Amplifications MRJP2 gene fragments in gel electrophoresis and responsiveness in screening for two honey types with their probable admixtures provided an effective tool for discriminating the honey types. DNA Spectrophotometric Spectrum analysis in different wavelengths and ratios also provided a clear-cut discrimination protocol of these two honey types. The findings of these two methods can be used efficiently apply towards authentication of the honey originated by A. mellifera and A. cerana in the honey market of Bangladesh.