National Worldview Research Articles

ЛІНГВОКУЛЬТУРНІ АСПЕКТИ МІЖМОВНОЇ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ

The article dwells on the linguocultural issues of interlingual communication. Interlingual communication is presented in the article by translation while linguocultural means are viewed as expressive tools used to construct a national worldview where the expressive function is of paramount importance. The major task in rendering the expressive function in translation is to achieve equivalence, i.e. creation such a situation in the process of interlingual communication where the emotional response of a source-text reader could be equal to that of a target-text reader. It is important to take into account intercultural peculiarities of emotion manifestation while analyzing the degree of emotionality and expressiveness of a work of fiction in different languages. This is accounted for a double nature of emotions. They are viewed as a universal psychic phenomenon, physiological experience, on the one hand, and as an emotional concept characterized by specific culturally-related wording and perception, on the other hand. Though emotions are of universal character, the typological structure of emotional lexicon is different in different languages having very clear national peculiarities. This proves that a language is not a mirror reflection of the world and serves as one more evidence that the world of emotions and the world of language means do not coincide. In the paper, linguocultural means to denote various emotions peculiar for a Ukrainian text and the ways of their rendering in an English text in the process of interlingual communication have been considered. It requires, first and foremost, besides the analysis of the ways of translation of expressive means in a source-text and a target-text also analyze their reception in accepting culture. Expressive information in the text under consideration and its translation version is rendered by a large arsenal of stylistic means which facilitate the perception and assessment by a reader and a translator of a work of fiction and revealing its emotional potential. It has been established that among the basic expressive means to denote expressive information in interlingual communication are phonetic and graphic, word-building or morphological, lexical, phraseological, and syntactic ones. As a result of the research performed, it has been revealed that the author and the reader, and in the translation process also the translator, are the major agents in the act of communication realizing the principle of anthropocentrism according to which a human being is the completion of universe evolution.

Changing the Type of Predicate as a Means of Cognitive Adaptation in Translation

The linguistic worldview is a reflection of the national cognitive worldview. ‘Worldview’ is often defined as a way of perceiving the surrounding reality, yet the way people perceive their personal inner world also reflects their national self-identification. It is difficult to compare how people of different nations experience emotions and perceive such experiences because these processes are not available for direct observation and objective assessment. The most complete representation of the way a person experiences a particular emotion can be found in fiction. Contrastive analysis of how this process is reflected in different languages can be based on a comparison of a literary text with its translation into another language, since, in this case, both texts present the same character in the same situations that cause certain emotions. To exclude the influence of the translator’s personality, in our analysis we have used three different translations of selected passages from Dostoevsky’s The Idiot. A quantitative analysis of the means employed by the translators shows that representation of emotions in English does indeed reflect the way of perceiving the world that is typical of the national linguistic worldview as a whole. In all the three English texts, state predicates prevail over ac-tion predicates, and predicatively used adjectival words prevail over those used attributively. It means that emotional states are mostly perceived by English speakers as something that, while not permanent or inherent to a person, is, at the same time, static: less a process than a result of that process. In contrast, native speakers of Russian perceive emotional states as actions, and the Russian text reveals no inclination toward perceiving emotional states as personal characteristics, whether temporary or permanent. All these regularities are statistical and not absolute, which means that they reflect usage and not the linguistic norm, and, thus, the change of predicates in translation should be regarded as a way of cognitive adaptation rather than a structural transformation.

Aspects of the Transfer of National Values in the Content of Secondary Education (Based on the Kazakh Language and Literature)

The content of the article covers the context of modern educational discourse and the problem of national values. The authors emphasizes the state importance of education, arguing that «everything begins with the upbringing of the younger generation». National code, categories of national knowledge constitute the basic basis of the content of education. The authors of the article consider this topic in the context of knowledge, behavior, skills, meta-education system. The article analyzes the content of knowledge based on functional literacy from the point of view of critical thinking. The transition to the updated program does not take into account the principles of national identity and national ideology. The content of the program is based on learning skills based on the principle of economic interest. It is clear that such a principle cannot serve national unity comprehensively. The article compares theoretical materials and practical analysis of the national language, national history and national education. According to the authors, it is effective to assimilate basic knowledge in these three areas and use the obtained material in your discipline and on the basis of interdisciplinary communication. In addition, effective skills for the systematic use of national values in the learning process are presented to teachers. It also shows how to use the educational process and personal development based on civic principles and as a source of national values. The article provides recommendations for teachers of secondary schools on the application of knowledge of history, language, national education in the educational process in various formats (debates, round tables, competitive projects, intellectual contests, essays, etc.). In conclusion, the article is devoted to the key issues of upbringing based on the national worldview.

К вопросу использования лингвострановедческих реалий при изучении иностранного языка

The article considers the problem of updating the linguistic and regional realities in the process of studying a foreign language in an inseparable connection with the study of regional characteristics determined by the national worldview, social and cultural structure. Modern methodological research is based on the linguistic and cultural approach in teaching a foreign language. At the same time, vocabulary with a regional component, regional geographic information that affects the most diverse aspects of the life of the country of the target language, its history, literature, science, art, as well as traditions, customs and customs are distinguished. The linguistic and cultural aspect contributes to the enrichment of the subject-content plan, therefore the authors focus on achieving high-quality results in teaching a foreign language, using the methods of real access to a different culture and its carriers. Аnalysis of linguistic material with high regional and communicative value, significance for the process of teaching a foreign language. Since the main goal of teaching a foreign language is the development of the student's personality in inseparable connection with the teaching of the culture of the country of the target language, contributing to the desire to participate in intercultural communication and to improve independently in the activity being mastered, to use in the learning process the material on the basis of which knowledge about realities, morals, customs is formed, the traditions of the country of the studied language, knowledge and skills of communicative behavior in acts of verbal communication, skills and abilities of verbal and non-verbal behavior, which is included in the content of the national culture. The study used a descriptive method, analysis and synthesis methods. Linguistic and cultural competence of students, the effectiveness of its formation depends on the level of language proficiency. In the educational process, an important element is the activation of the introduction of linguistic and regional realities, since while studying a foreign language, the student gets acquainted with the worldview of a native speaker, which underlies the language code of this language. The authors emphasize that linguistic and regional materials help students to understand the values of the culture of the country of the target language, to develope intercultural competences in the study of a foreign language. The formation of a country- oriented methodology for teaching a foreign language, involving increased attention to the national-cultural semantics of the studied vocabulary and the study of linguistic and cultural texts, provides language acquisition in close connection with a foreign language culture, which includes a variety of cognitive information about history, literature, architecture, life, image life and traditions of the country of the target language.

Lesya Ukrainka’s creativity in the aesthetic parameters of modern national puppet theatre

Problem statement: topicality, novelty, methodology of the research. The logical grounds of this article are a requirement of the scientific understanding of specific of Lesya Ukrainka’s work in the national puppet theatre and absence of articles from the marked question. Based on the comparative, diachronicsynchronic, historical, evolutional methods and principles of analytical and culturological approaches, the aim of the article – creation of panorama of the works by Lesya Ukrainka in the Ukrainian puppet theatre of last XX – early XXI century, with the exposure of specific of their interpretations, – is realized as an innovative element of the reseach. The results of the study. Lesya Ukrainka’s work, as a representation of the Ukrainian culture polyphony and Ukrainian nation’s mental horizons specificity, purchased sign status and meaningfulness of the modern scale conceptual, vivid, thematic and expression field for the intensive creative searches of modern representatives of national puppet theatre. Meaningfulness of the creative inheritance by Lesya Ukrainka in the context of the Ukrainian puppet theatre is certified by it representation on the All-Ukrainian festivals, and also activation of it introducing to the modern repertoire of puppet theatre. Research of aesthetic parameters of the specific versions of Lesya Ukrainka’s works allows to establish the presence of certain repertoire dominants – such as the “Forest song”; gravitation to implementation of the earlier not typical for the puppet theatre works as the “Old fairy tale”, and the creation of original presentations, such as the “Lesya Ukrainka. Woman fate”, “Lesya’s letters” (in particular, on the base of epistolary inheritance by authoress). The specifics of embodiment of Lesya Ukrainka’s works in the Ukrainian puppet theatre of last XX – early XX century lays in their inter-textual modification, gravitation to creation of associative artistic space and to use the unconventional systems of dolls (plane- silhouette paper doll in presentation the “Old fairy tale”). In accordance with originality of conceptual foundation of Lesya Ukrainka’s works – drama of ideas – the modern stage directors appeal to the dramaturgical type that marked by secondariness of eventfulness relatively to poetics based on updating of palette of facilities of expressiveness and ideological concepts. Such innovations in “re-reading” of works by the authoress is a dialogue of doll and living acting, that creates two dimensions in development of action (“Stone Lord”, “Forest song”), the symbolic manipulations with the piece of paper (“Lesya’s letters”), creation of synthetic artistic space of the spectacle, that combine light, color, elements of shadows theatre and theatre of reader, living acting, work with the dolls of different constructions and like other, and also intention to the conscious limiting of facilities of expressiveness (monochrome and maximum narrowing space of scenic action in interpretation of the“Forest song”). An innovative touch in the puppet versions of Lesya Ukrainka’s works is the accentuation of mental markers of the national worldview, saturation with the national attributes and folk rites, which to the attraction of contemporary artists to revive the sources of national spiritual culture. In the pluralism of puppet representations, Lesya Ukrainka’s work is marked by a general tendency to philosophical and innovative affirmation of the national foundations of the worldview and the creation of a synthetic artistic space. Conclusion. Lesya Ukrainka’s work is an open and inexhaustible thematic line for the modern national puppet theatre not only due to the lack of an established tradition of its embodiment. Philosophical, symbolic, appealed to the foundations of the national worldview the contents of her work and unbreakable connection of it with world art culture – the attributive features of the creative world of the writer, which determine its timeless relevance for contemporary artists, the conceptual and expressive diversity of its interpretations.

The use of different types of comments in the study of "Linguistic analysis of the literary text" by foreign communicants

The article considers the theoretical foundations for perceiving and understanding a work of art by foreign (non-native) speakers, outlines the types of comments that are actively implemented during the processing of literary texts at philological faculties by foreign communicators within the educational environment. It is proved that when studying the Russian language at the Faculty of Philology of Ushynsky University, foreigners encounter a number of obscure facts that are not related to the boundaries of vocabulary, grammar, phonetics or stylistics, but rather to extralinguistic spheres: social, domestic or historical. Thus, the thesis regarding the inseparability of foreign language learning from acquaintance with the culture of the country the language of which is studied, its history, religion, socio-cultural traditions, features of the national worldview of the native people is generally recognised in linguodidactics. The main purpose of such training is the need to form linguistic competence and ensure communicative competence in the acts of intercultural communication through adequate perception of the interlocutor's language and understanding of original works. It is substantiated that the perception of works of art is achieved by special comments for foreign communicants. These linguistic comments are one of the main means of forming linguistic competence.

National and cultural features of praise in Kazakh, French and English

Within the framework of this article, the authors will analyze the national and cultural features of evaluative conversations in Kazakh, French and English, methods of their transmission in these languages, comparative study of structural and semantic differences of these speech actions and determine their national and cultural harmony. Like other speech acts, the assessment reflects the culture, traditions, customs, rules of decency, and rituals of the nation. Each nation has its own assessment system. An object, phenomenon, action, or behavior that has a high, positive rating in one country can be negatively evaluated in another country. If a person's actions and behavior correspond to the rules of decency, Customs and traditions of that country, then a positive assessment is given to him, and a negative assessment is given if the opposite is true. Each nation, when evaluating actions, behavior, objects and phenomena, is based on its own national essence, national worldview. That is why the culture, customs, rules of etiquette, life experience, and worldview of each nation are the basis of national culture of speech assessment. Key words: intercultural communication, praise, national culture, cultural features, linguistic characteristics.

On the chronotope of the ethno-music worldview of the Kalmyks

The research subject is the national parameters of the chronotope of the Kalmyk ethno-music worldview. In the mindset of the Mongolian language peoples, time and space are inseparable, interconnected, and interpenetrating. The chronotope composes a unique system of axes which is later complemented with other components of the national worldview. This explains the topicality of the research subject. The purpose of the research is to detect the music peculiarities of the national chronotope. The research is based on the previously studied manifestations of the national chronotope as a whole (the philological and linguistic aspect of the Kalmyk chronotope is studied by Ts. Ayushova, E. Golubeva, E. Omakayeva, V. Salykova, and others); the author systematizes them and establishes the most significant features. In the understanding and feeling of a nomad, a steppe-dweller, a Kalmyk, space is an unlimited, vast and extended category, which is measured not only horizontally, but also vertically. In the study of the music space patterns, the most significant are the properties of sound, its spatial and acoustic characteristics. The dominant idea in the interpretation of time within a Kalmyk worldview is repeatability, which manifests itself in a twelve-digit period of the national calendar and other things. The temporal properties of the national chronotope are concentrated in a binary opposition of two genres of singing: Ut dun (long song) and Akhr dun (short song). The music culture of the Kalmyks is one of the ways of semiotization of the space and time of the steppe world.   

Тема старения в творчестве Энн Энрайт (на примере романа “The Green Road”)

The paper aims to reveal artistic originality of the novel “The Green Road” (2015) by the modern Irish English-language writer Anne Enright. The research objective includes identifying specificity of the “old age” concept interpretation in the writer’s prose. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher introduces new literary material into scientific circulation, analyses the literary work which is not translated into Russian. The conducted research allows concluding that the author’s artistic techniques promote deconstruction of the traditional image of a wise old lady and contribute to formation of a cardinally new image in the Irish national worldview.

Традиционный костюм эвенов как сакральный текст культуры

The paper aims to reveal features of the traditional Even costume as a sacred text. Symbolic functions of an ethnic costume are examined. It is shown that ornamental, chromatic and acoustic semantics of the traditional Even costume represents the national worldview. Scientific originality of the study involves a comprehensive analysis of symbolic elements in the traditional Even costume. The research findings are as follows: the Even ceremonial costume, possessing symbolic and sacral meanings, performs the function of a mediator between the real and the symbolic worlds.

UKRAINIAN-LANGUAGE PERIODICS OF THE US DIASPORA AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF MAINTAINING COMMUNICATION BETWEEN EMIGRATION AND UKRAINE

The purpose of the study is to analyse and to make thetypology of Ukrainian-language periodicals of the US diaspora, and their impact on the preservation of national identity. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systematicity, scientificity, verification, authorial objectivity, as well as the use of general scientific and special historical methods. The scientific novelty is that the typology of such periodicals is made on basis of the regularity of publication, the relevance of content, diversity, consistency of the title, the direction of the publication, the presence of an organization (one or more) or media group, the body of which is this publication, also individual journals of different directionsare analysed. Conclusions. Preservation of one's own culture, native language, and faith in the international environment is possible, and periodicals play an important role in it. Ukrainian-language newspapers and magazines in the US diaspora have helped keep immigrants in touch with their homeland, becoming an element that unites them around their national identity. Analysis of newspapers and individual magazines of the Ukrainian People's Union, the Union of Ukrainian Women of America, church and art shows that they have become an important element of our ethnic life in the United States and helped preserve their language, culture, and faith and national worldview.

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ КОНЦЕПТА ДИСТАНЦИОННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РУССКОЙ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРЕ

The article describes the concept distance learning which represents a certain fragment of the national world view typical of the native speakers of modern Russian. The study is based on the comparison of the interpretations of lexicographic data with the data obtained in the course of receptive and association experiments conducted with representatives of the modern Russian ethnic group. On the basis of the obtained linguistic material, the status of the studied concept in the minds of modern Russian speakers is determined and specified, its current semantic content is revealed. Besides, transformations that occur in its structure due to the influence of global extralinguistic factors are discovered. As a result of the research, the priority of conceptual cognitive features of the concept distance learning was established. Among the features of the concept that form its structure are characteristics indicating the possibility of receiving knowledge remotely, staying mainly at home as well as the need to develop students’ personal qualities associated with the ability to work independently, self-control and time management. Application of a comprehensive methodology for studying the structure of the concept also made it possible to reveal the additional cognitive attributes of the studied concept that are not stated in modern lexicographic sources. The inclusion of two new groups of features in the conceptual structure – a promising and perspective form of education and training in a home setting accompanied by relaxing comfort and procrastination can be observed. The analysis of the collected actual language material allowed identifying cognitive characteristics of the evaluation component of the concept distance learning. It facilitated concluding that the cognitive features forming the structure of the concept under study are characterized by various features of antinomian nature. This fact can, presumably, be explained by the insufficient development and representation of the concept in the minds of modern Russian language speakers. It should be noted that, at present, the concept distance learning is perceived as a mental product that actualizes mainly negative reactions from the participants of the educational process. Interpretation of the data obtained during a series of psycholinguistic experiments also allowed studying and comparing the content of the concept distance learning represented in the minds of Russian native speakers of different age groups. It can be concluded that the ideas implied in the concept under study are varied. The greatest variety of definitions of the concept name, as well as the actualization of numerous and versatile evaluative features, was revealed mainly in the younger age group. This fact can be explained by the greater involvement of its representatives in distance education

Значение правосознаниядля качественного образования в условиях цифровизации российского общества

The article is devoted to the main problems related to the formation of the national worldview and the legal consciousness of the individual in the information society. The relationship between the education of the legal consciousness and the creation of conditions for raising the level of the legal culture of the population are also raised. The analysis is subject to understanding of the legal worldview in the relationship with the legal culture of the process of development of the information society and informatization of education in the university. The current state of education in Russia and the prospects for reforming the Russian education system in connection with the introduction of the Education 2030 Concept are considered

ANTHROPOMORPHIC METAPHORICAL MODELS IN CONCEPTUAL FIELD “NATURE” IN THE POETRY OF S. YESENIN AND OF HǍI ZI

The article presents the analysis of metaphorical models that are characterized by nature phenomena’s adaptation of human traits in the poetry of S. Yesenin and of Hǎi Zi (often called “Chinese Yesenin”). The study of cognitive models in their linguacultural representations as well as the research on metaphors as a mean of perception of national worldview persist to appear often in linguistic discourse and are still considered to be a promising area in linguistics. The novelty of the present article is due to the study of anthropomorphic metaphors of these two poets as a cognitive phenomenon and due to its comparative nature. The subject of the research is comparative tropes that are manifestations of metaphorical models in poetic texts of the Russian and Chinese poets. The aim of the work is to reveal and to characterize anthropomorphic metaphors of nature in the poems of S. Yesenin and Hǎi Zi. The research methodology includes the descriptive and the comparative methods as well as the method of quantitative estimation. The research resulted in description of composition of nature objects that are within target domain of anthropomorphic metaphors as well as of objects within source domain. The authors of the research also present topic classification of language material, define nature things reflected in anthropomorphic metaphors that are significant for each of these two poets. In addition, the common and different characteristics of anthropomorphic metaphors of S. Yesenin and Hǎi Zi are highlighted. It was discovered that both of these poets use anthropomorphic metaphors to describe the whole spectrum of nature things related to flora and fauna, natural phenomena, as well as to earth, water and air space. The research is concluded by stating that the expression of individual poetic identity of both poets coexists with the reflection of features of national cultures in anthropomorphic metaphors.

Fundamentals of the image of murshid and murid in folk oral art

In the oral art of the people, the vital, religious, national worldview of the people is reflected. The lives of the prophets and guardians have always been an example for the people. And it is this image of a perfect man who embodies this spiritual glory, and their meaningful way of life is glorified as alpine heroes. In particular, the article demonstrated by examples that the guides in the arduous journeys of the Alps were perfect murshids in mysticism, as well as that the images in the oral literature were consistent with the expressions in the written literature.

Жанр баллады в хантыйской литературе

Introduction: the article is part of a complex of studies of the genre specifics of literature and actualizes the genre features of a ballad in the creative practice of Khanty poets. Objective: to analyze the specifics of ballad forms in the works of two Khanty poets – R. P. Rugin and M. I. Novjukhov. Research materials: the works of the ballad genre in the works by R. P. Rugin and M. I. Novjukhov. Results and novelty of the research: for the first time the article analyzes the works of the ballad genre found only in the works of two poets in the history of Khanty literature – R. P. Rugin and M. I. Novjukhov. Less than a dozen samples of the ballad genre were identified, which indicates that the ballad genre has not received a decent development in Khanty art literature. The analysis of the ballad forms of R. P. Rugin and M. I. Novjukhov showed that most often their works are based on a plot. Only one sample of M. I. Novjukhov has the plot replaced by a dialogue. Combination of the real and the fantastic is clearly seen in the poets’ appeal to the folklore and mythological symbolism of images, in the inclusion of folklore traditions and religious beliefs of the Khanty people in the literary text. The motifs of mystery, death, and world duality become mandatory components of the ballad genre of R. P. Rugin and M. I. Novjukhov. The themes of freedom, war / battle, and ethical dilemmas are the plot-forming in their ballads. The poets and translators do not preserve the ballad strophe in all their works. The ballad forms of the Khanty poets reflect the national worldview and poetic traditions of Russian literature.

Средства создания эпического образа синьцзян-ойратской версии «Джангара»

Introduction. The study of stylistic features inherent to national epic narratives is one of the most relevant areas of modern folklore research. Of particular research interest ― in terms of identifying distinctive and typological features of the artistic style ― is the epic of Jangar and its ethnic versions (Xinjiang Oirat and Kalmyk ones). The poetic language of the epic is rich and diverse in the use of various means of depiction. The style of the heroic epic is characterized by epic formulas-comparisons that perform important ideological and stylistic functions, add figurative expressiveness to the poetic style of the epic. Goals. The study aims to identify and highlight the stereotypical and original features in the style of the Xinjiang Oirat version of the Jangar, consider the essence of artistic expression of epic images, their portrait characteristics, actions based on comparisons with specific phenomena and objects of the surrounding world. Results. The study reveals that the method of comparison in the epic poetics of the Xinjiang Oirat version is dominant and quite stable. One of the important features of comparisons is that the expressiveness of epic images and their individual elements are based on objects of the animal and vegetable worlds, phenomena of the surrounding reality, familiar and close to the worldview of a nomad/pastoralist. These comparisons are derived from a simple parallelism ― the character and appearance, actions and deeds of the hero are compared to phenomena of nature and the animal world, correlate with the national worldview of the Mongolic peoples. Subject comparisons are related to elements of the nomadic way of life, which can be used to reconstruct the environment in which the creators of the epic lived, their life and occupations. Comparisons very often take a hyperbolic tone, which gives an emotional and expressive color to epic images. The comparative-typological analysis comparisons traced in the Xinjiang Oirat and Kalmyk versions makes it possible to conclude that there are evident typological correspondences within the national epic system and the epic community as a whole. Semantics of epic images of the Xinjiang Oirat version is constructed on archetypal symbols and concepts of the Mongolian epic community.

Reflection of the linguistic picture of the world in Udmurt phraseology (on the material of the “Celestial sphere” theme group)

Introduction. Тhe phraseological fund of any language reflects specific features of the cultural and national view of the world, and each phraseological unit contributes to the formation of a common linguistic picture of the world. The influence of this source gives the language a vivid national character. The focus of this article is on all types of phraseological units (from idioms to proverbs and sayings) containing the lexemes belonging to the thematic group «Heavenly sphere (including the air sphere)» as a key word and having parallels in the folklore tradition of the Udmurt people. Materials and Methods. The research is based on the analysis of the materials from the lexicographic work “Expressive means of the Udmurt language” (1996) as well as phraseological units from the book “Aid in recording Udmurt phraseology” (2003) by G. N. Lesnikova and proverbs from the anthology “Ingur: anthology of Udmurt folklore” (2004). The research is carried out through the complex of methods, such as the descriptive and continuous sampling methods as well as the technique of situational and contextual analysis, which allows to consider the situationally determined connections of paroemia and paroemiac expressions. The use of these methods makes it possible to reveal the correlation between the language as a system and the cognitive aspect of the language material under study. Results and Discussion. It was revealed that for the system of the Udmurt language as the basic units of the group under study, we can distinguish static in ‘sky’, where everything has its place and order, and dynamic töl ‘wind’, which characterizes a force, a very strong flow, having both creative and destructive power. A set of key phraseological units with the components shundi ‘sun’, tolez’ ‘moon’, gudiri ‘thunder’, pilem ‘cloud’, kiz’ili ‘star’ also allows to identify the national specifics and worldview of the Udmurt people. Conclusion. The broadest range of meanings is represented by the lexeme “tol” meaning ‘wind’. Among the considered phraseological units, the lexeme gudyri ‘thunder’ has the minimum distributive load, which, apparently, can be explained by the specifics of the natural phenomenon itself. In some cases, the semantic load of the studied units has direct parallels with the images and motives presented in certain genres of Udmurt folklore. The peculiarity of the representation of these phraseological units is based on the figurative meanings of words.

“Friend-or-foe” opposition and its implementation through the concepts “house” and “forest” in Russian fairy-tale discourse

Researches of the discursive analysis become more and more significant sphere of linguistics. Both forest and house act as two main and never identical worlds. The fundamental conceptual opposition of fairy-tale discourse is based on the concepts of house and forest, fundamental opposite worlds. The purpose of the article is to examine the two concepts as crucial components of friend-or-foe opposition, and to reveal features of their representation in Russian linguistic culture. During the research, the author used descriptive, inductive and cultural-historical methods. The research showed that the concepts of forest and house are key components of fairy-tale discourse, have nationally specific features in Russian fairy-tales revealed in the texts. The theoretical relevance of the article lies in the fact that contributes to working out the problem of national worldview representation and Russian ethnos mentality. The practical relevance of the article consists in possibility of using its materials in the process of teaching, while compiling lectures, guides for teachers, seminars on fairy-tale discourse. A role of house and forest for Slavic people is really significant. Besides, the results of the study show the necessity of further analysis of fairy-tale discourse, more detailed description of the concepts and their comparison with the concepts of other national fairy-tales.

THE CONCEPT MODERN LIFE IN MODERN UKRAINIAN LINGUACULTURE

In this article, consideration is given to the investigation of the meaning and peculiarities of the semantic structure of the linguacultural concept MODERN LIFE functioning in modern Ukrainian worldview. Linguacultural concept is treated as a multi-layered mental formation in culture that organizes the knowledge of a certain fragment of reality in the consciousness of a certain language and cultural community. Linguacultural concept accumulates knowledge about a certain fragment of reality in the collective consciousness of a certain national language and cultural community, it is objectified by its linguistic form and marked by language and cultural specifics. The concept MODERN LIFE plays an important role in the life of every civilized man. Its significance for Ukrainian culture is grounded because it serves as one of the most important key phrases with high emotional intensity and broad associative field. Aiming to determine the main lexical means that stand for the investigated concept this research demonstrates the strong connection between language and culture and theirinfluence on each other.The article focuses on the peculiarities of the free association experiment and the receptive experiment. Associative experiment allows to reconstruct the relations of language units in the language consciousness of native speakers and to specify the peculiarities of the occurrence of these units in language consciousness. The advantage of this method is also reflected in the fact that it can reveal more distinctive features of the concept, and through the frequency of reactions to define the relevance of these features in language consciousness. The receptive experiment aims at discovering the specifics of understanding and perception of a concept, its subjective definition. It allows obtaining more information about the understanding of specific units in the process of concept verbalization. Moreover, by application of receptive and associative experiments the article aims at specifying the thematic fields in the semantic representation of the concept. The interpretation of experimental data, allowing to specify the meanings associated with the concept in the minds of Ukrainian native speakers provides the analysis of semantic modifications caused by social and political events in Ukrainian realis, history and society. Receptive and associative experiments were held with 87 Ukrainian speaking students, graduate students (81 females and 6 males) at Foreign Languages Department of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ukraine. The respondents’ age was from 18 to 22.With the help of the free word association test the connections of the concept MODERN LIFE in the Ukrainian language consciousness and the semantic zones of this stimulus phrase were determined. Psycholinguistic ideas about modern life in Ukraine are manifested in the ambivalence of the components, the semantic clues of which are “technology/gadgets”, “internet/online” and “communication”. Qualitative analysis of the results of the free word association test helped to build the respondents’ images of modern Ukrainian hallmarks (borshch, EuroMaydan / Maidan and war). The linguacultural concept MODERN LIFE functioning in modern Ukrainian worldview bears negative connotation. Next, we subtracted the highest and lowest values displayed above the group of bars andmade comparison between the with the reference to results, the tallest vertical bar for the value The essential components of this concept are “self-confidence” and very close to it is “strong family”. Thus, the benefits of the methods of the experimental study of the concepts in the study of the features of the national worldview are stated in the research.