National Qualifications System Research Articles

Профессионально-общественная аккредитация как инструмент взаимодействия сферы высшего образования и работодателей

The field of education today cannot develop as a closed system, without taking into account the request formulated by employers. The contradiction between the requirements of employers and the results provided by educational organizations is one of the reasons for the decline in the quality of training. It is obvious that the dialogue between the sphere of education and the sphere of work should be based on clear mutual obligations. In many countries, the National Qualifications System (hereinafter referred to as the NSC) is used as a tool that allows building such a dialogue. In our country, according to the 238-FZ “On the independent Assessment of Qualifications”, this is an independent assessment of qualifications, just its introduction into the employment relationship “employer – applicant” and leads to those serious changes in the field of education as a supplier of qualified personnel for the labor market. In this regard, the article attempts to assess the methodological impact of the process of implementing an independent assessment of qualifications on the field of higher education through the created interaction tools, which include professional standards and the procedure of professional and public accreditation, as a system for verifying the fulfillment of their requirements. After all, it is necessary to be able to correctly assess the degree of achievement of the requirements of professional standards when students master the relevant educational programs of the university, and to focus on achieving this goal the process of designing the educational trajectory of future graduates. Because it is from the competent fulfillment of this condition that in the end the demand for trained personnel in the labor market, and, therefore, the educational program itself, which is already beneficial to the educational organization, will hang.

Institutional measures to support the Education – Labour Market system in regions of Russia

The paper analyses the dynamics of unemployment in the Central Federal District regions in 2018-2022. The main issues are problems at the Russian labour market in 2020-2023, and measures of their state regulation taken at the federal and regional levels. The paper considers the measures of state support for the Russian labour market during the COVID-19 pandemic and economic restrictions, and describes their consequences. Also there is an assessment of the role of secondary vocational education system, implementation of state programs and national projects, i.e. the federal projects «Professional», «Young Professionals». Paper listed the professions and specialties in colleges of the Ivanovo and Yaroslavl regions. On the example of the Ivanovo region we consider the establishment of educational and production centres (clusters). The study considers goals, objectives, stages, directions of development, institutional environment, services of the National Qualifications System of the Russian Federation, the essence of Independent Qualification Assessment in details. The study also highlights the role of the state for a secondary vocational education system development.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ТРУДОВОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА РЕГИОНА: УСЛОВИЯ И ФАКТОРЫ

Labor potential is a key factor in the socio-economic development of territories in conditions of lack of stability, the crisis of economic globalization processes and deepening contradictions. The emergence of new sectors of the economy on a digital technological basis, the creation of modern jobs and professions determine the modern concept of regional employment and reducing the shortage of qualified personnel. The positive dynamics of unemployment growth objectively increases the need for a scientifically based approach in managing the labor potential of the region. We associate the importance of managing the region’s labor potential with the state’s responsibility for the standard of living of the population. In this regard, the Krasnoyarsk Region can be considered as an example of a region in which several investment projects are being implemented that can, in the medium term, give a new impetus to the development of productive forces. Such prospects require systemic activity in designing both the structure of labor mobility and accelerating the innovation process based on the formation of the institution of a national qualifications system. Programs for the socio-economic development of municipal territories of the Krasnoyarsk Region for the most part provide for the development of labor potential based on the need for the development of personnel of organizations, which determines the importance of this study. In the current situation, it is important to unify the requirements for personnel qualifications, developing mechanisms for assessing, selecting, and matching employees through a confirmed system of qualifications, thereby reducing the risks of business systems in the region. Forming the competence of the working population of the region, increasing the labor potential of the region through monitoring the structure of labor mobility in the context of types of activities makes it possible to manage the level of regional unemployment and more effectively use the total working time of the economically active population.

DIGITAL TOOLS FOR MATCHING QUALIFICATIONS TO THE LEVELS OF THE NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK

Mutual compatibility of different national qualifications frameworks (NQFs) based on their compatibility with the European Qualifications Framework (or another international one) is crucially important for the effective recognition of qualifications between states. In turn, it depends on the quality of “filling” NQF levels with qualifications. Right comparing professional (occupational) qualifications with NQF level is a non-trivial problem for standard developers. The quality of any national system of qualifications depends on the comparability of qualifications with the level of the NQF so the comparison process should be strongly argued to secure the comparability. For qualification standard developers (especially for occupational standard developers) there were no strictly justified recommendations on how to compare qualification with the NQF level. Th. Saaty’s Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is developed to resolve the problem of evidence-based comparing educational or professional (occupational) qualifications with the level of the National Qualification Framework (NQF). Research results give standard developers software tools based on a strong mathematical background to determine NQF level for developed standards. It is shown that Th. Saaty’s Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is close to optimal for solving the problem of qualifications comparing and therefore looks like the best option for such methods. However, AHP demands non-trivial qualifications in mathematics and computing. The key problem resolved by this research is simplifying procedures to ensure effective access to the tool for qualification standard developers with minimal qualification in mathematics and computing. It is proven that each problem of qualification comparison with NQF level may be reduced to three options of decision. At the lower level of the decision-making process, there are 3-4 descriptors of qualification. Therefore, a user should be capable of forming at most four matrices of judgments and computing the main eigenvectors with some level of accuracy. The maximal dimension of matrices is four (for example it's true for the Ukrainian case). But for some national qualification frameworks that use only three descriptors maximal dimension of matrices equals three. Therefore, some simple approximation methods for eigenvector computing may be applied using only minimal means of Microsoft Excel or analogous applications. For the most general case of four NQF descriptors, Microsoft Excel macro is developed to secure achieving any level of accuracy. Corresponding API is developed by PHP programming language. Both Excel and API are accessible for users at the website of the Institute of Educational Analytics in Kyiv. The novelty of the article is that for the first time in national and international practice, it proposes an alternative/supplementary algorithmic method for determining the level of certain full and/or partial professional qualifications by the National Qualifications Framework, thus creating prerequisites for further automation of the activities of professional standards developers.

INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY ASSURANCE: A SOCIO-ECONOMIC VIEW

Institutional aspects of higher education quality assurance have been considered. The controversial aspects of the integration of the Kazakh higher education system into a single educational space have been studied. The factors hindering the innovative development of higher education have been analyzed. The features of the National Education Quality Assessment System, including procedures for input, intermediate and output control, have been considered. The expanding mass character of higher education and its accessibility exacerbate the problem of quality assurance as the most important competitive advantage of a university. Recommendations have been given for developing the culture of quality education, improving the National Qualifications System, increasing the effectiveness of the universityemployer social partnership in the development of practice-oriented programs in the format of a competency-based approach. The need to increase budget funding for higher education and to improve the social status of university teachers has been emphasized, which will have a positive impact on the growth of economic indicators.

Project office as a key element of the corporate project management system: the case of neFU experience

Abstract. In the conditions of rapid changes, instability and a high degree of uncertainty of the future, the problem of trust in the system of personnel training is extremely exacerbated. Trust in universities from the labor market today is becoming fragile [1]. Trust between the university and the employer is built through the National Qualifications System (NQS) of the Russian Federation as a tool for coordinating the demand for employee qualifications from the labor market and the supply from the education system. Universities face the urgent need for transformational changes in the field of management, the introduction of mechanisms for external assessment of the quality of education in educational activities. All of the above radically changes the traditional image of a classical university. One of the possible solutions to this issue is seen in the introduction of a corporate project management system, which was the subject of consideration in this article. The implementation of project management can provide the university with the opportunity to effectively use its own competitive advantages in the educational services market and adapt to external factors.

THE WORLD PRACTICE OF CERTIFICATION OF UNIVERSITY GRADUATES ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS

The purpose of this article, using the example of the partnership of Esil University and Chartered Management Institute, is to describe the prospects for promoting the National Qualification System in Kazakhstan based on international standards. Methods of comparative analysis of the international practice of professional certification of managers were used in the preparation of the article. As the main results of the study, it can be noted that modern universities, acting as key participants in the labor market, as the main suppliers of qualified personnel, as feedback from employers constantly receive complaints about the poor quality of training in the higher education system and their inconsistency with the constantly changing requirements of the labor market. This is not only Kazakhstan's realities, but also a modern and global trend. In this regard, Kazakhstani entrepreneurs have different attitudes to the idea of introducing a unified system of certification of specialists, as they do not have a proper understanding of the advantages represented by professional certification. Their general attitude to the short-term development of business and the desire to minimize the costs of its maintenance give rise to a number of problems, the roots of which go into the misunderstanding by the heads of enterprises themselves that in order to create a stable business, a clear system of uniform standards is needed not only in the field of tax, legal and sanitary regulatory requirements, but also in the field of professional standards, which set the general logic of the work and development of each organization and enterprise, solve the problem of staff turnover and lack of corporate interest. This is a global trend, and the Kazakh labor market will also inevitably come to reorganize approaches to training and hiring personnel in line with modern trends in the system logic of a single professional model.

Analysis of News Articles on Urban Agriculture using Text Mining from 2012 to 2021

Background and objective: Urbanization and reckless development have caused numerous problems, and urban agriculture with various functions is getting attention as a countermeasure. The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for revitalizing related research and setting effective policy directions by analyzing online articles on urban agriculture from 2012 to 2021.Methods: A total of 15,336 online news articles on urban agriculture were collected from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021. For more detailed analysis, the time period was divided by 5 years. Next, nouns were tokenized through morphological analysis, and the main keywords were confirmed by simple frequency analysis and TF-IDF weighting analysis. Following that, LDA topic modeling was conducted to generate topics and words for each period. Python 3.9.5 was applied to run the above analysis.Results: As a result of the analysis, there were four topics in the 1st period and six topics in the 2nd period. Summarizing the topics over time, it was found that urban agriculture is expanding not only to social and cultural areas but also to diverse areas such as welfare and the environment. In addition, as the role of urban agriculture and the demand for services expanded, various education courses and programs were activated, including the implementation of a national professional qualification system, expert training courses, and cultivation technology programs.Conclusion: Based on the findings, urban agriculture is expected to be able to expand into various areas that take multidisciplinary values into account and create various convergence services that follow the trend of the times.

Методическое сопровождение профессионального самоопределения будущего специалиста с применением инструментов национальной системы квалификаций (в рамках реализации проекта «Национальная система квалификаций – конструктор карьеры»)

The study aims to substantiate the effectiveness of the approaches chosen for methodological support of students’ professional self-determination using the tools of the national qualifications system. The paper raises the problem of students’ professional self-determination in the process of professional education. The scientific novelty of the study lies in testing the tools of the national qualifications system and identifying the effectiveness of their application in the process of methodological support of students’ professional self-determination. As a result of analysing the data obtained, it has been revealed that the presented approaches of methodological support of professional self-determination promote the formation of a conscious professional intention, planning of one’s career development and successful employment.

LABOR MARKET AND UNEMPLOYMENT

The general situation of the labor market, the problem of unemployment was analyzed and studied in the article. The labor market is a mirror of the state of the economy. It shows the volume and dynamics of employment of residents, the level of unemployment by industry, the structure of professional-qualification, demographic and other indicators. To analyze the main indicators of the labor market of Kazakhstan, to determine the causes of unemployment among women and young people by determining the share of employed people by age and sex. The development of the labor market in Kazakhstan provides enterprises with quality personnel, including: determination of the causes of unemployment among women and youth shows the relevance of the topic. The causes of unemployment among women and youth have been identified. Development of the labor market and the provision of quality work were proposed. To do this, create a national system of forecasting the development of the labor force; continue the work on the development of the national qualification system, where employers approve the requirements for the knowledge and competences of employees; promotion of formal and productive employment; proposals were made, such as creating an effective model of labor mediation. The current situation in the labor market requires organized actions and quick adaptation to any factors.

FORMATION OF THE INNOVATIVE COMPONENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS OF THE WORKFORCE OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL DIGITALIZATION

The article is devoted to the consideration of the basic characteristics, the economic focus of the process of formation of the innovative component of the international competitiveness of the workforce of Ukraine in the conditions of global digitalization of the world economy. The innovative component of the international competitiveness of the workforce is defined as the potential professional abilities of employees who are able to optimally use the latest achievements of scientific and technological progress in social production. The main components of the innovative component of the formation of the international competitiveness of the domestic workforce are studied, namely: a) the level of mastery of modern information and communication tools; b) targeting the constant mastery of new digital technologies; c) acquisition of professional competences oriented to the parameters of world standards; d) modernization of the national system of higher education in the direction of training highly qualified specialists in demand on the domestic and global labour markets; e) using the advantages of cooperation with international partners in the field of involvement in training and borrowing new forms and methods of ensuring the professional growth of young specialists. Factors affecting the development of the innovative component of the international competitiveness of national labour resources are analyzed. They include: 1) the consequences of the russian military aggression against Ukraine, which led to a decrease in the national scientific and technical potential; 2) forced migration of specialists within our country and abroad; 3) insufficient development of the IT sector of the domestic labour market; 4) regional disparities in the use of highly qualified labour force; 5) inadequate financing of the system of training of highly qualified personnel. The directions for strengthening the innovative component of the international competitiveness of the domestic workforce are proved, including: a) development of balanced state programs for national and regional development of highly qualified labour resources; b) modernization of higher education standards in the training of specialists of various professions; c) implementation of measures to stimulate the development of the national IT industry, digitization of industries and spheres of domestic production; d) formation of analytical centers for the study of features and trends in the development of world labour markets; e) adoption of an innovative national system of qualifications, oriented to the needs of internal and external business.

DOES KAZAKHSTAN NEED TO RATIFY THE TOKYO CONVENTION?

The article considers the importance of further development of the process of internationalization of higher education in Kazakhstan, in particular, increasing the competitiveness of exports of Kazakhstani educational services through integration into the educational area of the Asia-Pacific region (APAC). It is shown that ratification of the Tokyo Convention will contribute to the implementation of one of the indicators of the Concept of Development of Higher Education and Science in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2023 - 2029, specifically increasing the proportion of foreign students. Ratification of the Tokyo Convention will give Kazakhstan the opportunity to strengthen diplomatic relations with the countries of the Asia-Pacific region. It will raise awareness of Southeast Asians about Kazakhstan's education system, higher education institutions, educational programmes, the national system of qualifications of higher education, the process of issuing diplomas and certificates. This will help to improve mutual understanding and trust between the countries, as well as promote wider intercultural exchange of knowledge and experience. Ratification of the Convention will strengthen the status of Kazakhstani educational institutions in the educational area in the Asia-Pacific region, thereby attracting international students and researchers. Comparative analysis of the Lisbon and Tokyo Conventions on the Recognition of Qualifications in Higher Education shows that joining the Tokyo Convention can make the APAC countries one of the important platforms for the export of Kazakhstani higher education.

민간경비 중요성에 대한 대학생의 인식 연구

Private security are evaluated to have positive effects not only in private areas such as personal and corporate protection and security, but also in public areas such as the state and local public organizations. The purpose of this study is to analyze the importance of private security perceived by university students and to seek ways to revitalize private security through these results. For the purpose of this study, a survey was conducted on the necessity of private security, the role and function of private security, and the professionalism of private security, targeting 177 college students located in the Seoul metropolitan area and Chungcheong buk Province. Based on the results of this analysis, I would like to make the following policy suggestions on the importance of private security. First, it is necessary to materialize the establishment of a cooperative system with public security (police). In order to establish a practical cooperative system with public security, a more fundamental solution to the problems and limitations of private security must be preceded. Second, it is necessary to prepare a plan to improve the professionalism of private security. In order to improve the professionalism of private security, above all, it is necessary to introduce a private security guard qualification system and establish a national qualification system that can verify the qualifications of private security. The introduction of such a certification system will improve the professionalism of private security, as well as improve the qualifications of private security and, in particular, improve the negative perception of private security from customers, citizens. Third, it is necessary to expand public security services through private security. In order to expand the public security service of private security, it is necessary to transfer a certain part of public security to private security, except for the legal part, and to prevent other crimes. At the same time, it is necessary to enhance the competitiveness of the private security industry by strengthening public relations activities for private security.

Modernization of secondary vocational education in the context of the development of the national system of qualifications

In March 2021, the National Council for Professional Qualifications under the President of the Russian Federation approved the Strategy for the Development of the National Qualifications System of the Russian Federation until 2030. Almost at the same time, the List of initiatives for the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation until 2030 was approved, among which a special place belongs to the project “Professionalitet”, which involves a large-scale transformation of secondary vocational education. The coincidence of the priorities outlined by the documents became the basis for studying the possibilities of using the tools of the national qualifications system for the successful implementation of the “Professionalitet” project.An analysis of measures to reform secondary vocational education over the past ten to fifteen years is given, the purpose of which is to ensure that the qualifications of graduates meet the requirements of the economy. The study of the data of monitoring studies, expert assessments led to the conclusion that as a result of the experiments there were some successful practices for the training of skilled workers and mid-level specialists, however, for the system as a whole, the effects turned out to be more modest than expected.It is shown that, since the project “Professionalitet”, based on the experience of previous initiatives, should offer a systematic solution to the problem of staff shortages, it is inappropriate to consider its implementation outside the context of the development of the national qualifications system as a whole. As part of the experiment, a new approach to the training of working personnel should be developed, which implies more flexible principles for the work of professional educational organizations, and the active involvement of business representatives in educational programs. This is possible if the state interacts with employers, the professional community, and educational organizations. Mechanisms for such interaction have been formed and continue to develop within the framework of the national qualifications system.On specific examples, it is considered how the tools of the national qualifications system can be used to determine the requirements for the results, content, terms of mastering the educational programs “Professionalitet”, assessing the quality of their implementation, ensuring the right of students to receive and confirm qualifications that are understandable to employers and in demand on the labor market.

Профессиональные стандарты как инструмент повышения эффективности управления работниками предприятия

The article focuses on the concept of a professional standard. The topical issues of using professional standards as an element of human resource management at the enterprise level are analyzed. The stages of integrating the professional standards in the organization are given, HR processes in the company are considered. The role of the professional standard in the system of labor legislation and law is determined. The structure of the professional standard is illustrated. Questions of methodology and normative registration, practice of formation and use of professional standards in the economic activity of enterprises are presented. Forms of development and high-quality training of managers and specialists based on the application of a system for introducing professional standards into the practice of an enterprise have been identified. The reasons influencing the creation of a system for determining and strengthening the normative significance and specific requirements for the professional activities of personnel are presented and justified. The situation that requires the development of business communities and vocational education, providing high-quality training of personnel of the required level, is analyzed. The introduction of a system of professional standards as an integral part of the creation of effective functioning mechanisms of interaction between an enterprise, an employee and the state has been studied. The advantages of introducing a system of professional standards for employers are determined. The institute of professional standard is presented as a fundamental element of the national system of qualifications and the legal implementation of professional standards in the activities of an organization for human resource management. The result of the introduction of professional standards is a model of staff development, consideration of job responsibilities from the position of labor functions, knowledge and skills of the employee.

Формирование понятийно-категориального аппарата квалификации персонала

The article considers approaches to the concept of qualification, defines its constituent parts. The characteristic of the differences between the qualifications of graduates and the qualifications of employees is given. The findings confirm the need to amend the regulatory framework in the field of labor relations and education in terms of clarifying the content of the concepts considered "qualification", "professional qualification". The results can be further used in the development of the methodology of the national qualifications system, taking into account of various sectors of the economy, as well as improving the regulatory framework.

Development of the National Qualifications System: The Impact of Transhumanism

The article discusses the problems of developing new educational programs for universities and issues that need to be addressed by coordinating with various system institutions under the influence of transhumanism. The methods of analysis, generalization of the regulatory and methodological framework, and external expertise in interaction with employers were used. The scheme of interaction of elements of the national qualifications system in developing an educational program is presented. The hypothesis of the need to include all elements for the development of educational programs has been tested. The correlation dependence and percentage approximation results proved the need to use all components to develop educational programs. Several issues related to universities' development of educational programs and requiring further clarification are highlighted, including issues of harmonization of professional and educational standards under the influence of transhumanism. The work results determine the following directions for the further development of educational programs: 1. normative and methodological development, 2. the use of external expertise and evaluation, and 3. expanding opportunities for further development of unique programs with active cooperation with employers.

Formation of Leaders’ Reserve for Educational and Academic Organizations

The article presents leaders appointment and selection methodology and procedures, the results of unique studying the competencies of rectors and academic institute leaders including those that ensure effectiveness of the organization. The main attention is paid to the model of managerial competencies as a standard, compliance with which becomes the basis for inclusion in the personnel reserve, and valid evaluation tools. To create the model, a competence-based approach, tools of the national qualification system, and a sociological survey were used.Authors describe the procedure for selecting potential managers, the methodology for developing case assessment tasks, and the criteria for ensuring the objectivity of evaluating their performance.It is shown that introduction of the model made it possible to update the qualification requirements for the leaders of universities and academic institutes; to form a system of competencies diagnostics of applicants for managerial positions; to prepare recommendations for the development of professional development programs.

The public policy of personnel training for the food industry

Today, in the context of the COVID-2019 pandemic and military operations, the main objectives of the policy of personnel training for the food industry include the creation and development of a system of vocational education and training, improvement of training standards and curricula, promotion of scientific research and innovation in the food industry, improvement of the accessibility and quality of training, and maintenance of compliance with the labor market. Training of highly qualified employees in this field is the key to the quality of work of these specialists in the food industry, which in turn will indicate the quality of service. The article aims to examine the institutional framework of public policy of personnel training for the food industry. Based on the analysis and systematization of scientific sources of the concept of public policy of personnel training for the food industry, the author offers the vision of such a policy, interpreting it as a set of measures taken by the state to satisfy the industry’s needs for highly qualified specialists with appropriate education and professional training. The main measures taken by the state to create a national system of qualifications outlining the requirements to the qualification of personnel in the food industry are characterized. The experience and main features of the world organizations involved in the training of personnel for the food industry are analyzed. The main tasks of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine in terms of ensuring the implementation of the state policy in education, in particular, in personnel training for the food industry, are substantiated. The regulatory framework on personnel training for the food industry in Ukraine is analyzed.

ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЯКОСТІ В НАЦІОНАЛЬНІЙ СИСТЕМІ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЙ: ПИТАННЯ СТАНДАРТИЗАЦІЇ

The article presents a study of quality assurance problems of the National Quali­fications System of Ukraine by reforming the domestic standardization system in the context of its integration into the European Qualifications System. In view of this, three components of the quality system were identified, namely, quality of standardization, quality of assessment and quality of documentation. The study is also focused on issues of legal regulation of the quality of professional and educational standards. In particular, differences in the legal regu­lation of educational standards of vocational pre-higher and higher education were identified. A certain legal uncertainty in the use of the terms "learning outcomes" and "competencies" and the inconsistency of the use of these terms with the EU Council Recom­mendations of 2017 and international and national standards were revealed. Along with this, a number of short­comings were found. Particularly, there is an unresolved problem of assigning professional qualifications to the levels of the National Qualifications Framework (NQF). The need for independent review (expertise) of projects of professional standards was emphasized. The issue of assessment standards was considered. For instance, the lack of such standards poses a threat to the quality of professional qualifications, especially qualifications of levels 2-4 of the NQF of Ukraine, since educational institutions have the right to assign such qualifications, in addition to qualification centers. Examples of corporate assessment standards, in particular, by the American Psychological Association, were considered. It is noted, that the formation of motivation of young people and employees to obtain modern and competitive skills оn the labor market is not enough. The outdated approach to personnel training by providers of educational services also needs to be reviewed. It is shown that the National Qualifications System of Ukraine requires quality assurance tools and the use of terms harmonized with EU legislation and practice.