National Medium Term Development Plan Research Articles

The Implementation of Economic Border Policing to Enhance Inclusive Economic Productivity

Sustainable and inclusive development is the fundamental objective in reaching national development goals. National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020-2024 aims to enhance Indonesia's per capita income to that of upper-middle-income countries (MIC) with enhanced infrastructure, human resources, public services, and citizen welfare. This RPJMN objective aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which comprise 17 interrelated goals and indicators grouped into sevent development agendas. Implementation of the SDGs on a regional level is vital to attaining these objectives, as regional policies and development programmes can make a substantial contribution. The SDGs underline the significance of achieving inclusive and sustainable economic growth, universal access to basic services, natural resource management, and strengthening local institutions. In order to attain elevated economic growth, Indonesia necessitates an economic metamorphosis through the augmentation of productivity across several sectors. The 2023 Policy Plan (RKP 2023) adopts the theme "Increasing Productivity for Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Transformation," in order to reinforce economic resilience, enhance regional development and advance human resource quality. In this context, Economic Border Policing emerges as an important strategy for supporting the revival of the national economy through cooperatives and micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in border regions. Economic Border Policing is multifaceted, encompassing illegal trade control, trade and investment monitoring, welfare and rights protection, and the promotion of local economic development in border regions. Implementing Economic Border Policing is expected to create a safe and effective environment for inclusive and sustainable economic growth in border areas, facilitating enhanced economic productivity and comprehensive regional development.

Electric Vehicles in Indonesia: Public Policy, Impact, and Challenges

Indonesia's population is still growing, and the demand for energy for transport to sustain community mobility grows yearly. On the other hand, environmental challenges and green energy policies have become critical issues in today's countries, including Indonesia, and are the key subjects in sustainable development. So far, Indonesian transportation has relied on fossil-fuel vehicles. Fossil fuel vehicles negatively influence the environment due to exhaust gas emission pollution and an economic burden on the State Budget due to the substantial energy subsidies that the government must pay each year. Electric vehicles can suit people's mobility demands while remaining environmentally beneficial due to their lack of pollutants and exhaust emissions. The Indonesian government has devised different regulations to stimulate the usage of electric vehicles to support the three key programs in the National Medium-Term Development Plan For 2020-2024. This study will go through electric car policy issues, including the consequences of the policy's implementation in Indonesia. The literature review strategy is used in this study. The author thoroughly evaluated prior studies on electric vehicles in the literature. The research findings reveal that the electric car policy impacts direct and indirect expenses, but the government will have difficulty assessing the program's indirect advantages. As a result, the author suggests that the government take immediate steps to anticipate various negative impacts that may arise so that they do not become problems in the future and do not become barriers to achieving the goals of Indonesia's battery-based electric vehicle program

Peran Kebijakan Public Dalam Konservasi Sumber Daya Hutan Di Indonesia

Indonesia's 2020-2024 National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN) aims to create a prosperous, just and sustainable Indonesia with a middle to upper income level (middle-income country). In this document there are seven development agendas. The Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) is directly involved in at least four agendas, namely: Strengthening economic resilience for quality and equitable growth; Regional development to reduce inequality and ensure equal distribution of welfare; Improving the quality and competitiveness of human resources; and Environmental development and increasing resilience to unexpected natural disasters and climate change.

Sanitation facility mapping at Kalideres District, West Jakarta

Poor sanitation has various impacts on human health, such as the risk of contracting diseases like diarrhoea, typhoid, polio, and worm infections. The government has set targets in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020 - 2024, with the goal of achieving 90% access to proper sanitation, including 15% of households having access to safe sanitation, and reducing the rate of open defecation to 0% by the end of 2024. The objective of this mapping is to recommend wastewater sanitation technologies in Tegal Alur Subdistrict. Data collection will be carried out through interviews and questionnaires, determining the number of respondents using the Slovin formula. Interviews and questionnaires will be conducted in 4 densely populated neighbourhoods (RW) with a high rate of open defecation, namely RW 01, RW 02, RW 03, and RW 13. Based on the results of interviews and questionnaires, 71% of the population in Tegal Alur Subdistrict have toilets, but only 24% have septic tanks, leading to environmental pollution due to wastewater discharge. The type of septic tank used is individual septic tanks, and 88% of the population in Tegal Alur has never desludged their septic tanks. The condition of wastewater sanitation in Tegal Alur Subdistrict can be described as poor, characterized by a lack of septic tanks to manage wastewater, resulting in wastewater pollution of the environment, which can lead to various diseases.

The advocacy coalition of sugar-sweetened beverage taxes in Indonesia

The Ministry of Finance of Indonesia has put sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) taxation on its agenda since 2020 to address the need for health financing, as outlined in the National Medium-Term...

Analysis of Adherence Factors to Tuberculosis Therapy at the PB Selayang II Health Center, Medan City

<p class="Default"><em>Pulmonary tuberculosis disease in Indonesia is increasing every year.</em><em> </em><em>The percentage of people receiving tuberculosis treatment as of 1 November 2022 is still far below the goal set (90%) or 52%. The 2020-2024 national health development strategy and the national medium term development plan 2020-2024 call for eliminating tuberculosis in Indonesia by 2030. Many factors can affect the success of tuberculosis treatment, including patient factors, drug ingestion monitor factors, and drug factors. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence therapy compliance in tuberculosis patients at the PB Selayang II Public health center, Medan City. This research method is quantitative analytical with a cross-sectional research design. The research was conducted at the PB Selayang II Public health center, Medan City, which was carried out from May to June 2023. The population in the study was all 109 tuberculosis patients. The sampling technique was purposive sampling, so the sample for this study was 56 patients. Data collection uses questionnaires with interviews. Data analysis using bivariate analysis using the chi-square test. The results of this study show that internal factors, namely taking anti-tuberculosis drugs, are related to compliance with a sig value of 0.002 and external factors, namely the role of officers and motivation, are related to compliance with tuberculosis therapy at</em><em> </em><em>PB Selayang II Public health center</em><em> </em><em>with a sig value of 0.000. The conclusion from the results obtained that significantly influences compliance with tuberculosis therapy is external factors where there are 2 categories related to compliance, namely motivation and the role of officers.</em></p><p class="Default"><strong><em>Keywords: External factors, Internal factors, Public health center, Tuberculosis, Treatment compliance</em></strong></p>

FACTORS RELATED TO BPJS KESEHATAN PARTICIPATION IN TRADERS AMONG TRADERS

Background: BPJS Kesehatan plans for Universal Health Coverage in Indonesia to reach 98% in accordance with the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN). 
 Objective: This study aims to determine the factors associated with BPJS Health membership among traders in Pa'baeng-baeng Marketplace, Makassar City in 2023. 
 Method: This research is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study were 370 traders with a sample size of 160 traders. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling conducted at Pa'baeng-baeng Marketplace, Makassar City. Statistical tests using the chi-square test. 
 Result: The results showed that the factors that influence the participation of traders in BPJS Kesehatan are income (p=0.043), ability to buy (p=0.013), perception (p=0.000), and family support (p=0.000). Variables that are not associated with the participation of traders in BPJS Kesehatan are education variables (p=0.676) and the number of family members (p=0.563). 
 Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there is an influence between income, ability to buy, perceptions, and family support with BPJS Health participation among traders in Pa'baeng-baeng Marketplace, Makassar City in 2023.

Literature Review: Stunting Prevention with Environmental and Nutrition in the Prenatal Period

Background: Stunting increases the global public health burden by contributing 45% of all under-five deaths. Children who experience stunting as a result of someone not getting the right amount of nutritional intake for a long period of time (chronic). Thus, stunting can actually be prevented with adequate nutritional intake, especially in the First 1000 Days of Life. The target set by the government through the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) is to reduce the percentage of stunting by 14%. Stunting prevention is more effective in the prenatal period where 80% before stunting occurs, When compared to chasing from stunting to non-stunting, the success is only 20%. Purpose: This study aims to analyze stunting prevention with enviroinmental and nutrition in the prenatal period. Methods: The method used in this study is to use a literature study with a search method, combine the results of research and analyze facts from several scientific sources that are accurate and valid. Results: The results showed that 69% of households defecated in open areas. hazard defecation behavior can cause environmental pollution due to the spread of pathogenic germs from the anus. The kinds of nutritions better consumted by prenatal are Moringa leaves, The Tubaramure Food, iron folic acids (IFA), lipid based nutritional supplements (LNS). Conclusion: The meal preparation, amount of food, energy intake, and protein intake to prevent stunting. We noted there are many kinds of nutrition and supplements such as food from Moringa leaves, Moringa leaf extract supplementation, Moringa powder, and blood-added tablets, IFA, iron and folic acid supplements (IFA), iron supplements, folic acid (IFA), and lipid supplements given to pregnant women can significantly prevent stunting in children. Continuous education and monthly monitoring of pregnant women diet during pregnancy classes at the Posyandu are suggested to prevent stunting in children.

Unleashing the Power of Capacity Building: Transforming Governance and Policy Implementation in the Digital Era

This study aims to outline the strengths of capacity building and the problems associated with the lack of capacity in the context of governance transformation and policy implementation in the digital era, and initiate an innovative and sustainable capacity-building strategy as a fundamental solution. This study uses a qualitative approach and document analysis to obtain a more detailed analysis. Data was obtained from the National Planning and Development Agency, namely the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020-2024. This data included human resource development and infrastructure development in terms of information and communication technology (ICT) related to digital transformation, as well as policies that support digital transformation. The findings of this research illustrate that in terms of the quality of human resources, there are still shortcomings in skills and collaboration between government, universities, and other stakeholders in the industry, and there are still inequalities in access to information in various regions. In addition, there are still obstacles to the implementation of digital transformation in Indonesia in the delivery of public services from the aspects of leadership and political commitment, budget availability, infrastructure readiness, and the digital divide. Thus, strategies are needed to deal with them effectively. It can then be concluded that the dimension of human resource development needs to increase worker skills and knowledge related to digital technology in the public sector. Likewise, the dimension of strengthening organizational capacity that changes in organizational culture are key to dealing with governance transformation in the digital era. In the institutional reform dimension, it is important to evaluate and make changes to the existing institutional structures and processes.
 Keywords: capacity building, transformation governance, digital governance

Landak Industrial Park (LIP) Development Strategy

Landak Industrial Park (KIL; Kawasan Industri Landak) is a national strategic project for Industrial Estates in West Kalimantan and is included in the List of 14 Priority Industrial Estate Developments Outside Java Island in the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN; Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional). The construction of KIL is experiencing delays, and to prevent the project from stalling, the main sources of industrial growth are new investment and increased utility from the current capacity. This study’s approach is both qualitative and quantitative. The analysis technique used is SWOT analysis using Internal Strategic Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS) and External Strategic Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS), developed using spatial analysis techniques from the concept of economic aggregation, which then generates value propositions and makes them the basis of a marketing strategy that includes market segmentation (segmenting), setting market targets (targeting), and creating a unique position (positioning). The result is from the SWOT analysis. KIL is in the turnaround quadrant, a position with a strategy of maximizing opportunities because it has major internal weaknesses. The geographical reach of other economic groups or business clusters that are quite close together is a trigger for the development of KIL. Scenarios from the KIL development strategy are expected to support strategic business decisions.

Landak Industrial Park (LIP) Development Strategy

Landak Industrial Park (KIL; Kawasan Industri Landak) is a national strategic project for Industrial Estates in West Kalimantan and is included in the List of 14 Priority Industrial Estate Developments Outside Java Island in the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN; Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional). The construction of KIL is experiencing delays, and to prevent the project from stalling, the main sources of industrial growth are new investment and increased utility from the current capacity. This study’s approach is both qualitative and quantitative. The analysis technique used is SWOT analysis using Internal Strategic Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS) and External Strategic Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS), developed using spatial analysis techniques from the concept of economic aggregation, which then generates value propositions and makes them the basis of a marketing strategy that includes market segmentation (segmenting), setting market targets (targeting), and creating a unique position (positioning). The result is from the SWOT analysis. KIL is in the turnaround quadrant, a position with a strategy of maximizing opportunities because it has major internal weaknesses. The geographical reach of other economic groups or business clusters that are quite close together is a trigger for the development of KIL. Scenarios from the KIL development strategy are expected to support strategic business decisions.

Religious Moderation: Identity Politics, Policy, and Social Change in Islamic Religious Colleges

<p>Religious moderation is politically included in public policies that are integrated into the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional, RPJMN). Ministry of Religion as the leading sector for mainstreaming religious moderation in its environment has the responsibility to translate religious moderation from the narrative of religious moderation to the real action in its institutional units. This research is qualitative research conducted at State Islamic University (Universitas Islam Negeri, UIN) Walisongo Semarang which seriously promotes religious moderation in the institution. The results of this study are the problem of strengthening identity politics as one of the main causes of religious extremism and social change that exist, one of the efforts to minimize social turmoil in UIN Walisongo is by instilling the values of religious moderation through the tri dharma of university, namely teaching, research, and community service. The aspect of locality is the main capital in implementing religious moderation at UIN Walisongo. Indigenous religiosity combines religion and locality with a theo-anthropocentric approach, exploring cultural values in order to strengthen religion in the implementation aspect. The impact of the implementation of the data religious moderation policy is seen from the realm of ideality of policy content in the religious moderation policy, which can be seen from the integration of relations or a harmonious relationship between individual elements and social elements in human interaction which is the main target in the religious moderation policy promoted by the Ministry of Religion.</p>

The Relationship Between Maternal Knowledge Level And Feeding Practices With Dietary Patterns In Stunted Children

Introduction: Stunting in children becomes a problem as a result of several factors including the level of mother's knowledge, feeding rules, and eating patterns. Data from Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) for 2022, the stunting rate in Indonesia is 21.6% (Ministry of Health RI, 2022). While the target standard for the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) is 19% in 2024. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of mother's knowledge and feeding rules with eating patterns in stunted children. Methods: This research employed a correlational study design and a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 87 respondents selected using a simple random sampling technique. This study’s independent variables were maternal knowledge and feeding rules, and the dependent variable was dietary habits. The data was collected using a maternal knowledge level questionnaire, a fundamental feeding rules questionnaire, and a children’s feeding questionnaire (CFQ), which was subsequently analyzed using Spearman’s Rho with a significance level of α=0,05. Results: The bivariate analysis findings demonstrated a significant correlation between maternal knowledge and dietary habits patterns (p=0.000) (r=0.372). In addition, there was a significant correlation between feeding rules and dietary habits (p=0.000) (r=0.424). Conclusion: The level of maternal knowledge and feeding rules were related to children’s diet patterns. The level of maternal knowledge and feeding rules were factors associated with the dietary habits of stunted children; thus, increasing maternal knowledge and feeding rules would improve the diet patterns.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BUDGET POLICY, FISCAL CAPACITY AND STUNTING PREVALENCE IN INDONESIA

The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is still above the world stunting average, although it shows a downward trend (Central Statistics Agency, 2020). The deterioration in the quality of life of children with growth, development and metabolic disorders increases health care costs. In the long run, stunting can affect the quality of human resources and social development in Indonesia. Alderman et al. (2006) found that children with developmental delays tend to have lower cognitive abilities, lower incomes, and less than optimal productivity when they grow up so that it will affect the improvement of the quality of Human Resources and the nation's competitiveness in the future. Strengthening the quality of human resources is still a top priority in the 2020-2024 RPJMN, in connection with efforts to strengthen these human resources, the Government has established a National Strategy for the Acceleration of Stunting Prevention in 2020-2024. In the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020-2024, the Indonesian government sets a target of reducing the prevalence of stunting in children under 5 years old by only 14% by 2024. Stunting reduction is a national priority program, so budget policies and fiscal capacity adequacy are needed. The stunting reduction budget from the State Budget is channeled through the Provincial-District/City Governments according to the authority for these activities. The budget allocation is expected to be part of orchestration with own regional funds to reduce stunting prevalence in Indonesia. This study will analyze the relationship between budget policies, fiscal capacity conditions, and stunting prevalence in 34 (thirty-four) provinces in Indonesia from 2018 to 2022 using the fixed effect method.
 Keywords: Budget Policy, Fiscal Capacity, Stunting Prevalence.

Parental stature as a risk factor for stunting in Indonesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Stunting is defined by height of more than two standard deviations below the World Health Organization's (WHO) child growth standard median. It is a significant nutritional problem in developing countries, where in 2021, Indonesia recorded a stunting prevalence at 24.4%, slightly higher than the global prevalence (22%). Reducing the prevalence of stunting has been the focus of the current administration in the Indonesian government, as delineated in the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan. Globally, many studies have addressed parental stature as a risk factor of stunting. However, systematic reviews that summarized and critically appraised the relationship between parental stature and the incidence of stunting in Indonesia was scarce. This systematic review aimed to assess parental stature as a risk factor for stunting among Indonesian toddlers. Studies were searched through PubMed (MEDLINE), Google Scholar and Mendeley. Studies on Indonesian toddlers under five years old living in Indonesia were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool. Data were extracted using a standardized data extraction form and were analyzed using Cochrane's RevMan 5.3. Twenty-seven prospective and retrospective cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies were included with a total 4041 children. Out of 27 included studies, eight were found to be of low, seven of moderate and twelve of high quality. The result showed that parental stature was associated with the incidence of stunting among toddlers in Indonesia, either the mother only (odds ratio (OR) 1.92; 95% confidence interval (95%CI: 1.71-2.15), the father only (OR 5.21; 95%CI: 1.71-15.86) or both parents (OR 3.01; 95%CI: 2.41-3.75). However, studies on father and both parental statures suffered from substantial heterogeneity, imprecision and mixed qualities, therefore, they should be cautiously interpreted.

STRATEGIES OF RELIGIOUS MODERATION HOUSE IN RUNNING ITS ROLE ON PTKI

The mainstreaming of religious moderation is included in the 2020-2024 National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN) compiled by Bappenas. PTKI (Islamic Religious Colleges) has a strategic role in strengthening religious moderation by establishing RMB (Religious Moderation House) as the Leading Sector in the internalization of moderate religious understanding in the campus environment. However, the position of RMB in terms of the organization in several Islamic colleges is still unclear, thus affecting the sources of institutional funding. The purpose of this study is to describe RMB's strategies in disseminating Wasathiyyah Islam to students. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were then analyzed using the Huberman technique which consisted of data collection, data presentation, data reduction, and conclusions. The credibility of the data was tested using a triangulation technique of methods and data sources. The results showed that the RMB strategies in disseminating Wasathiyyah Islam to students consisted of 1) focusing on virtual world activities that minimized the use of budgets such as building social media networks by creating official institutional accounts on the website, Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, etc., 2) developing creative and interactive contents with messages and activities of religious moderation, 3) facilitating lecturers and students who wish to disseminate the results of their thoughts and research related to religious moderation, and 4) compiling a book containing a collection of articles from the RMB management as a final project.

People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) based on clinical characteristics

Background : Since it was discovered and identified ten years ago, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has the potential to produce the immunodeficiency syndrome condition known as Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN), one of the policy and strategy directions is to increase access and quality of health services towards universal health coverage. Improving disease control, where HIV AIDS and sexually transmitted infections are part of the policy direction. In order to improve the quality of services for PLWHIV, it is necessary to have a comprehensive perspective of the medical officers, so there is a need for patient mapping based on the characteristics of the patients being treated.Purpose: To determine the description of the clinical stage based on characteristics of PLWHIV at the Sukabumi Public Health Center, Bandar Lampung in 2021.Method: This study is a quantitative descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach.Results : The results of the study, it is known that the characteristics of PLWHIV based on gender that's male are 67%, there 41.7% of PLWHIV are 31-40 years old, level of education PLWHIV are 67% have a senior high school, 52.4% as private employees, and 62,1% of PLWHIV live in cities. The results showed that at stage 1 the age group was 21-30 years old, the clinical stage 2 patients were 31-40 years old, the clinical stage 3 patients were 31-40 years old, and the clinical stage 4 patients were 21-30 years old. The results of the study also revealed that most of the patients in stages 1–4 had a senior high school education, worked as private employees, and lived in urban areas

Gambaran Budaya Kerja Organisasi Terhadap Adaptasi Rekam Medis Elektronik dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan di Rumah Sakit

Electronic Medical Records (EMR) have become a vital system aimed at enhancing the efficiency of patient data management in hospitals. EMR is not just an innovation but a necessity that all healthcare services in Indonesia must adhere to, aligning with the targets set forth in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN). In this context, several supportive factors play a pivotal role in EMR implementation, including organizational work culture, human resources, infrastructure, governance, and leadership. This research aimed to provide insight into hospital preparedness in the context of organizational work culture to ensure the smoother implementation of EMR. The research employed a quantitative approach with descriptive analysis. The research subjects were medical record personnel working in hospitals, with data collected from 15 hospitals of various types in the East Java region. The results of this study highlight several critical aspects of organizational work culture that influence EMR implementation, including training, socialization, mentoring, commitment, support from medical record personnel, and an understanding of how technology can enhance service quality. Nevertheless, the research also identified a prevailing perception that EMR is merely an Information Technology project, which could act as a potential hindrance to successful implementation. This research served as a reminder to hospitals about the importance of paying attention to these aspects as part of comprehensive preparations for EMR implementation. Consequently, it is anticipated that EMR implementation can proceed more efficiently and effectively, delivering greater benefits to patients and overall healthcare service delivery.

Perkembangan Pranata Pertanahan dalam Pengembangan Kota Baru Padang

After the earthquake that hit Padang City in 2009, the city development has been changed its direction. The city development which previously centered on the coast has turn to the east of the city, which was an agriculture area. Development of Eastern Area carry out a fairly large function as the central government area and residential development area. The emergence of The New City of Padang development policy is expected to become a policy in city management as a mandate from National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN). The problem in developing this function is the lands in this area are customary lands/land controlled by the tribes in the eastern region of Padang. Therefore, it is necessary to know how the development of land regulation in Padang City in the management of the city. According to Tjuk Kuswartojo’s Human Habitat Development, land regulations in Padang City can be described in responding to the challenges of developing new cities in this region. The land institutions in Padang City is heavily influenced by customary system, therefore collaboration between the local government and customary authorities in Padang City is needed to create a new city.

ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN PEMANFAATAN AIR TANAH DI KOTA SORONG

In the 2015-2019 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN), one of the priority locations for the development of an independent and integrated new public city in the Papua Island region is Kota Baru Sorong. In supporting the infrastructure facilities of the new city of Sorong for clean water, in an effort to find clean water, groundwater emerges as a prima donna, becomes our main choice in meeting water needs, of all the advantages possessed by groundwater there are things that we must pay attention to, one of them is only groundwater should be the last option in meeting our water needs after surface water and rainwater. By formulating the groundwater problem, two essential problems arise, namely the existing condition of groundwater use and the role of the government in controlling its use, with the method of collecting observational data and interviews combined with existing secondary data. the role of the government through concepts, actors and mechanisms for controlling groundwater use in the city of Sorong