National Medium Term Development Plan Research Articles

Strategi Penurunan Angka Stunting dan Analisis Hambatan Kebijakan

Stunting has been proven to be a global issue that significantly impacts the growth of a country. In Indonesia, the problem of stunting has become one of the Strategic Priority Projects (Major Projects) in the National Medium-Term Development Plan 2022-2024. Based on this decision, each regents, including Kendal Regency, has also been promoting the acceleration of stunting reduction. Various medical studies have extensively discussed the dangers, factors, and the actions that can be undertaken to prevent stunting. However, they have yet to elaborate on the actual obstacles faced by local governments in their efforts to create stunting-free regions. The purpose of this study is to identify strategies for reducing stunting and the factors that may hinder the achievement of stunting reduction targets. In collecting research data, the author uses a qualitative descriptive method obtained from literature reviews, observations, and interviews involving relevant stakeholders.

Memanfaatkan Analisis Kritis untuk Menelaah Gagasan Green Law Daerah untuk Pengelolaan dan Perlindungan Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia

In today's criminal justice discourse, restorative justice has gained traction. A restorative justice system has been included into the institutional policy of several law enforcement agencies. Additionally, it is included in the 2020–2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN). Since restorative justice is beneficial to and compatible with environmental conservation, it has also been developed in the field of environmental law. In light of this, the present study examines restorative justice as a broad idea within the context of Indonesian environmental legislation. This paper also highlights issues and considers critically whether the normative juridical approach of restorative justice may be used to address environmental crimes.

Data-Driven Analytical Model Using Machine Learning Algorithms

The objective of this article is to use machine learning technology, specifically the Support Vector Machine (SVM) approach with a linear kernel, to analyze and predict clean and healthy living behavior (CHLB) in coastal dwellings in Surabaya City. To train the SVM model, researchers collect health and environmental data from the region. As a result, our model predicts house CHLB status with an 83% accuracy rate. The most important variables in this prediction are the amount of community access to appropriate sanitary facilities, the health of households, and the sustainability of public areas that meet health requirements. These findings have crucial implications for attempts to improve CHLB in Surabaya's coastal areas in compliance with the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) aims. Furthermore, the findings of this study can be used to build more targeted and long-term health policies in coastal communities.

EVALUASI KINERJA UTAMA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN BEKASI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT

This research discusses the misalignment between strategic planning and annual planning in achieving key performance indicators (KPIs) at the national and regional levels, with a focus on Bekasi District, West Java. This alignment is critical to achieving community welfare. Gaps were found between the performance targets in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) and the Government Work Plan (RKP), especially on economic growth, poverty levels, and unemployment. An evaluation of the KPIs in Bekasi District also showed non-optimality, with a number of KPIs not achieved. Qualitative research methods were used to evaluate this. Clear KPI establishment, accurate data collection, regular monitoring, and root cause analysis are important steps in KPI evaluation. The results show that the KPI setting process in Bekasi District still does not fulfill the SMART (Specific, Measurable, Assignable, Realistic, Time Related) criteria thoroughly.There are weaknesses in senior management commitment, an unoptimized performance culture, and a lack of Critical Factor Success (CSF) approach in the formulation of performance indicators.In addition, the process of simulating the achievement of KPIs and midterm evaluation of the RPJMD was not adequately implemented; however, this process was not fully followed at both the national and regional levels. In addition, the process of simulating the achievement of KPIs and the midterm evaluation of the RPJMD were not adequately implemented. However, this process was not fully followed at both the national and regional levels.

The Staples of the State Policy as the Legal Basis for Sustainable Development to Face the Industrial Revolution 5.0 and Golden Indonesia 2045

The National Long-Term Development Plan (RPJPN) and the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) are national development planning systems developed after the abolition of the State Policy Guidelines (GBHN) in the Indonesian constitutional system. The RPJMN has been deemed inadequate because the actors that form and implement it are deemed unrepresentative and irrelevant to the essence of popular sovereignty, as well as ineffective public control mechanisms for the implementation. Therefore, a legal instrument is needed in the form of Staples of State Policy (PPHN) as a legal basis or legislative umbrella for the development and the re-establishment of the GBHN (or by other names) as well as the direction in planning and monitoring the government’s commitment as an executive institution. This research aims to find out and provide recommendations for PPHN legal basis as a legislative umbrella for implementing sustainable development in the face of the industrial revolution 5.0 and Golden Indonesia 2045. The research was conducted using normative juridical research methods with descriptive-analytical research specifications with qualitative analysis. This research applies (a) statute approach; (b) conceptual approach; and (c) comparative approach. Results show that since the reformation era, national development in terms of legislation has not been conducted sustainably. This can be seen from the disharmony and even the negation of national development programs. PPHN arrangement as Directive Principles of Indonesian Government Policies can be conducted through: (a) Limited amendments to the 1945 Constitution, especially Article 2 and Article 3 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution by including the substance of the People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR) authority to formulate PPHN; (b) Amendment of Law No. 12 of 2011 by Law No. 13 of 2022 on the Second Amendment to Law No. 12 of 2011, specifically revising the explanation of Article 7 paragraph (1) letter b, hence, the MPR can formulate Decree as part of statutory regulations, including PPHN; (c) Amendment of Law No. 17 of 2014 on the MPR, DPR, DPD, and DPRD as amended several times, most recently by Law No. 13 of 2019 on the Third Amendment to Law No. 17 of 2014 by including the MPR's authority to formulate PPHN through MPR Decree; (d) Stipulation of PPHN in a law that revokes Law No. 25 of 2004 on the National Development Planning System (SPPN); or (e.) The MPR stipulates PPHN as a constitutional convention without going through changes in legal products

Study of the Social Impact of Environmental Management: Farmers Perceptions of Takalar Industrial Area Development Planning

The establishment of the Takalar Integrated Industrial Park (KITA) is confirmed by Presidential Regulation no. 18 (2020), aligning with the 2020-2024 National Medium Term Development Plan, which outlines the development of 18 industrial areas. It is imperative that the development process synchronizes with human resource advancement to yield benefits for both the environment and the neighboring farming community. This study aims to gauge farmers' perspectives on the social aspects of managing their environment in light of industrial area development plans, focusing on demographic, socio-economic, and cultural factors. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the research conducted Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) involving six farmers and informants to assess their perceptions and expectations regarding KITA's development. Results indicate overall farmer approval of KITA's development, with a majority holding positive perceptions of the planning process. Demographically, farmers anticipate KITA's development as a primary avenue for increasing employment opportunities. They also foresee business prospects that could enhance their economic status, alongside anticipated improvements in infrastructure and the expected population growth. In terms of socio-cultural dynamics, concerns regarding potential clashes between local communities and newcomers are minimal, with farmers believing that cultural disparities will not disrupt traditional activities.

Evaluation of the Primary Pipe Network at Banua Anyar Booster Pump as an Effort to Reduce Water Loss in the Service area of Northern Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan

Recorded as the best PDAM in South Kalimantan in Banjarmasin City. PT. Bandarmasih Perseroda Drinking Water (PAM Bandarmasih) is still facing the problem of high water loss rates of 29.07% in 2022, which is still far above the National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN) target with a minimum water loss value of 20%. One of the ways PDAM can reduce water loss is by evaluating the pipe network in a District Meter Area (DMA). This research focuses on evaluating the primary pipe network in the area served by the Banua Anyar booster which serves 18 DMAs. Network evaluation using EPANET 2.0 software. The evaluation results show that the diameter of the primary pipe from the booster pump to the Banua Anyar pipe bridge has quite high unit-head loss and flow velocity values due to flow friction with the pipe surface. It is necessary to change the diameter of the primary pipe used in the Banua Anyar booster network from a diameter of 400 mm to 600 mm which can reduce the rate of water loss by 6.3%. In the future, it is hoped that the value of water loss at PDAM Banjarmasin City can be reduced and the affordability of drinking water services for the people of Banjarmasin City can increase.

Internalization Of SAF Physical Assignment For Environment And Forestry In The Development Planning Of North Sumatera Province

Fiscal balance is intended to ensure balance and fairness in using financial resources between the central and regional governments so that regions have sufficient resources to meet local needs without neglecting national interests. Fiscal balance is also carried out in the environment and forestry sectors. To date, efforts to improve environmental quality and the carrying capacity of watersheds and lakes are still not in line with national expectations. The Special Allocation Fund (SAF) budget for the Environment and Forestry (E&F) Sector is encouraged to support the national priorities contained in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (MNDP) document and detailed in the Government Annual Work Plan (GAWP), with its implementation carried out by the Regional Government. This study aims to evaluate the internalization of the SAF Physical E&F Sector Menu in regional planning and assess the implementation of its utilization in the regions as input for future development planning in the environment and forestry sectors. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to ongoing evaluation through a literature review, questionnaires, and limited discussions (FGD) with regional stakeholders. The literature review used regional planning documents in 34 provinces, with a deep dive into North Sumatra Province. Based on the results of questionnaires, local governments argue that 71 percent of SAF has effectively achieved goals and objectives, while the remaining 29 percent is still not optimal. For the regions, the limited budget also causes low SAF effectiveness. The central and local governments must sit together to formulate the importance of increasing budget allocations in the Environment and Forestry field in the regions, increasing human resources capacity, improving coordination between relevant agencies, engaging relevant parties in conflict resolution, and improving monitoring and evaluation mechanisms.

The position of the Nusantara Capital City from a national security perspective

The relocation of the capital city to East Kalimantan is a megaproject contained in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) for 2020-2024. Despite the pros and cons, this megaproject is targeted to be completed in the next 15 years. This research focuses on explaining the impact of the relocation of the Nusantara Capital City from a national security perspective for Indonesia in the future, considering that Indonesia is a large country in Southeast Asia and the backbone of ASEAN. To answer the question, this research uses an explorative qualitative approach, with library research as an analysis technique. This technique collects the information by collecting and analyzing the documents, journals, books, and media information related to the object of research. The theory used in this research is national security and it is found that the policy of relocating the capital city will have a positive impact on Indonesia in the future, as seen from various national security sectors such as from the economy to the environment. On the other hand, it can also pose a new threat to Indonesia from the socio-cultural sector.

Legal Reconstruction of BPJS Insurance Regarding the Tariffs on Types of Hospitals Based on Justice Values

The government's strategic plan in the health sector is contained in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020 to 2024, in the RPJMN there is a form of policy formulation in the health sector that focuses on various preventive efforts to control disease cases that occur in Indonesia. The purpose of this paper is to reveal (to explore) the fact that there have been deviations from the Health Policy on Determining BPJS Rates at Different Types of Hospitals. The approach method in this study uses a socio-legal approach method. Namely data obtained from qualitative. Processing this research data with primary data. The results of this research providing conclusion and advice that developing social security for all people has not been based on the value of social justice. This clearly can be found in the implementation of BPJS which still distinguishes tariff classes and affects services based on social justice values, BPJS service barriers in the application of tariffs to hospitals of different types for now, namely legal factors, society, culture, etc, and quality control efforts and make efforts to control costs in the application of BPJS tariffs based on the value of justice and the Making Institution (DPR and the President) must make rule breaking changes to medical regulations, regarding hospitals, and BPJS, the government must dare to emphasize that BPJS is obliged to carry out government functions in the field of public services, and the government must carry out Reclassification of coding and the establishment of standard services for interventional and invasive cardiac procedures between PERKI and P2JK (Center for Health Insurance and Financing) of the Ministry of Health.

Character building training model for young people to strengthen religious moderation

Student character survey in Indonesia in 2021, on average, produced lower index numbers compared to last year’s index results. This research aims to explore the policies and content of Character Building Training (CBT), and the impact of the programme on student character. This research was qualitative, involving informants: 60 students and 8 lecturers, who were selected using purposive and snowball techniques, so that if the data were saturated, collecting the data was considered sufficient. Data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews carried out from June to September 2022. Data analysis was carried out manually using the Discovering Cultural Themes model by carrying out data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions and verification. The research results show that CBT is implemented through a cycle of CBT campaign, capacity building, and institutionalisation with a nurturing, learning, mentoring, and consulting approach. The content includes attitudes and values, skills, knowledge and moderate integrative insight, as well as amplifying tolerant, open, critical, caring, and creative behaviour, respecting differences, and polite and commendable behaviour. The CBT programme has amplified some aspects: religious character, discipline, politeness, caring for the environment, and patriotism. The greatest and dominant strengthening was in religious character and love of the country. The implication and contribution of this research is the continuation of character education for young people as an instrument to substantiate religious moderation.Contribution: This research is important theoretically and practically to contribute to the formation of character building in young people in Islamic tertiary institutions. Currently, character education is the main vision of Islamic tertiary institutions in Indonesia, which is associated with religious moderation as one of the priorities in the national medium-term development plan.

The Implementation of Economic Border Policing to Enhance Inclusive Economic Productivity

Sustainable and inclusive development is the fundamental objective in reaching national development goals. National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020-2024 aims to enhance Indonesia's per capita income to that of upper-middle-income countries (MIC) with enhanced infrastructure, human resources, public services, and citizen welfare. This RPJMN objective aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which comprise 17 interrelated goals and indicators grouped into sevent development agendas. Implementation of the SDGs on a regional level is vital to attaining these objectives, as regional policies and development programmes can make a substantial contribution. The SDGs underline the significance of achieving inclusive and sustainable economic growth, universal access to basic services, natural resource management, and strengthening local institutions. In order to attain elevated economic growth, Indonesia necessitates an economic metamorphosis through the augmentation of productivity across several sectors. The 2023 Policy Plan (RKP 2023) adopts the theme "Increasing Productivity for Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Transformation," in order to reinforce economic resilience, enhance regional development and advance human resource quality. In this context, Economic Border Policing emerges as an important strategy for supporting the revival of the national economy through cooperatives and micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in border regions. Economic Border Policing is multifaceted, encompassing illegal trade control, trade and investment monitoring, welfare and rights protection, and the promotion of local economic development in border regions. Implementing Economic Border Policing is expected to create a safe and effective environment for inclusive and sustainable economic growth in border areas, facilitating enhanced economic productivity and comprehensive regional development.

Electric Vehicles in Indonesia: Public Policy, Impact, and Challenges

Indonesia's population is still growing, and the demand for energy for transport to sustain community mobility grows yearly. On the other hand, environmental challenges and green energy policies have become critical issues in today's countries, including Indonesia, and are the key subjects in sustainable development. So far, Indonesian transportation has relied on fossil-fuel vehicles. Fossil fuel vehicles negatively influence the environment due to exhaust gas emission pollution and an economic burden on the State Budget due to the substantial energy subsidies that the government must pay each year. Electric vehicles can suit people's mobility demands while remaining environmentally beneficial due to their lack of pollutants and exhaust emissions. The Indonesian government has devised different regulations to stimulate the usage of electric vehicles to support the three key programs in the National Medium-Term Development Plan For 2020-2024. This study will go through electric car policy issues, including the consequences of the policy's implementation in Indonesia. The literature review strategy is used in this study. The author thoroughly evaluated prior studies on electric vehicles in the literature. The research findings reveal that the electric car policy impacts direct and indirect expenses, but the government will have difficulty assessing the program's indirect advantages. As a result, the author suggests that the government take immediate steps to anticipate various negative impacts that may arise so that they do not become problems in the future and do not become barriers to achieving the goals of Indonesia's battery-based electric vehicle program

Sanitation facility mapping at Kalideres District, West Jakarta

Poor sanitation has various impacts on human health, such as the risk of contracting diseases like diarrhoea, typhoid, polio, and worm infections. The government has set targets in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020 - 2024, with the goal of achieving 90% access to proper sanitation, including 15% of households having access to safe sanitation, and reducing the rate of open defecation to 0% by the end of 2024. The objective of this mapping is to recommend wastewater sanitation technologies in Tegal Alur Subdistrict. Data collection will be carried out through interviews and questionnaires, determining the number of respondents using the Slovin formula. Interviews and questionnaires will be conducted in 4 densely populated neighbourhoods (RW) with a high rate of open defecation, namely RW 01, RW 02, RW 03, and RW 13. Based on the results of interviews and questionnaires, 71% of the population in Tegal Alur Subdistrict have toilets, but only 24% have septic tanks, leading to environmental pollution due to wastewater discharge. The type of septic tank used is individual septic tanks, and 88% of the population in Tegal Alur has never desludged their septic tanks. The condition of wastewater sanitation in Tegal Alur Subdistrict can be described as poor, characterized by a lack of septic tanks to manage wastewater, resulting in wastewater pollution of the environment, which can lead to various diseases.

The advocacy coalition of sugar-sweetened beverage taxes in Indonesia

The Ministry of Finance of Indonesia has put sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) taxation on its agenda since 2020 to address the need for health financing, as outlined in the National Medium-Term...

Analysis of Adherence Factors to Tuberculosis Therapy at the PB Selayang II Health Center, Medan City

<p class="Default"><em>Pulmonary tuberculosis disease in Indonesia is increasing every year.</em><em> </em><em>The percentage of people receiving tuberculosis treatment as of 1 November 2022 is still far below the goal set (90%) or 52%. The 2020-2024 national health development strategy and the national medium term development plan 2020-2024 call for eliminating tuberculosis in Indonesia by 2030. Many factors can affect the success of tuberculosis treatment, including patient factors, drug ingestion monitor factors, and drug factors. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence therapy compliance in tuberculosis patients at the PB Selayang II Public health center, Medan City. This research method is quantitative analytical with a cross-sectional research design. The research was conducted at the PB Selayang II Public health center, Medan City, which was carried out from May to June 2023. The population in the study was all 109 tuberculosis patients. The sampling technique was purposive sampling, so the sample for this study was 56 patients. Data collection uses questionnaires with interviews. Data analysis using bivariate analysis using the chi-square test. The results of this study show that internal factors, namely taking anti-tuberculosis drugs, are related to compliance with a sig value of 0.002 and external factors, namely the role of officers and motivation, are related to compliance with tuberculosis therapy at</em><em> </em><em>PB Selayang II Public health center</em><em> </em><em>with a sig value of 0.000. The conclusion from the results obtained that significantly influences compliance with tuberculosis therapy is external factors where there are 2 categories related to compliance, namely motivation and the role of officers.</em></p><p class="Default"><strong><em>Keywords: External factors, Internal factors, Public health center, Tuberculosis, Treatment compliance</em></strong></p>

FACTORS RELATED TO BPJS KESEHATAN PARTICIPATION IN TRADERS AMONG TRADERS

Background: BPJS Kesehatan plans for Universal Health Coverage in Indonesia to reach 98% in accordance with the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN). 
 Objective: This study aims to determine the factors associated with BPJS Health membership among traders in Pa'baeng-baeng Marketplace, Makassar City in 2023. 
 Method: This research is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study were 370 traders with a sample size of 160 traders. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling conducted at Pa'baeng-baeng Marketplace, Makassar City. Statistical tests using the chi-square test. 
 Result: The results showed that the factors that influence the participation of traders in BPJS Kesehatan are income (p=0.043), ability to buy (p=0.013), perception (p=0.000), and family support (p=0.000). Variables that are not associated with the participation of traders in BPJS Kesehatan are education variables (p=0.676) and the number of family members (p=0.563). 
 Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there is an influence between income, ability to buy, perceptions, and family support with BPJS Health participation among traders in Pa'baeng-baeng Marketplace, Makassar City in 2023.

Literature Review: Stunting Prevention with Environmental and Nutrition in the Prenatal Period

Background: Stunting increases the global public health burden by contributing 45% of all under-five deaths. Children who experience stunting as a result of someone not getting the right amount of nutritional intake for a long period of time (chronic). Thus, stunting can actually be prevented with adequate nutritional intake, especially in the First 1000 Days of Life. The target set by the government through the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) is to reduce the percentage of stunting by 14%. Stunting prevention is more effective in the prenatal period where 80% before stunting occurs, When compared to chasing from stunting to non-stunting, the success is only 20%. Purpose: This study aims to analyze stunting prevention with enviroinmental and nutrition in the prenatal period. Methods: The method used in this study is to use a literature study with a search method, combine the results of research and analyze facts from several scientific sources that are accurate and valid. Results: The results showed that 69% of households defecated in open areas. hazard defecation behavior can cause environmental pollution due to the spread of pathogenic germs from the anus. The kinds of nutritions better consumted by prenatal are Moringa leaves, The Tubaramure Food, iron folic acids (IFA), lipid based nutritional supplements (LNS). Conclusion: The meal preparation, amount of food, energy intake, and protein intake to prevent stunting. We noted there are many kinds of nutrition and supplements such as food from Moringa leaves, Moringa leaf extract supplementation, Moringa powder, and blood-added tablets, IFA, iron and folic acid supplements (IFA), iron supplements, folic acid (IFA), and lipid supplements given to pregnant women can significantly prevent stunting in children. Continuous education and monthly monitoring of pregnant women diet during pregnancy classes at the Posyandu are suggested to prevent stunting in children.

Unleashing the Power of Capacity Building: Transforming Governance and Policy Implementation in the Digital Era

This study aims to outline the strengths of capacity building and the problems associated with the lack of capacity in the context of governance transformation and policy implementation in the digital era, and initiate an innovative and sustainable capacity-building strategy as a fundamental solution. This study uses a qualitative approach and document analysis to obtain a more detailed analysis. Data was obtained from the National Planning and Development Agency, namely the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020-2024. This data included human resource development and infrastructure development in terms of information and communication technology (ICT) related to digital transformation, as well as policies that support digital transformation. The findings of this research illustrate that in terms of the quality of human resources, there are still shortcomings in skills and collaboration between government, universities, and other stakeholders in the industry, and there are still inequalities in access to information in various regions. In addition, there are still obstacles to the implementation of digital transformation in Indonesia in the delivery of public services from the aspects of leadership and political commitment, budget availability, infrastructure readiness, and the digital divide. Thus, strategies are needed to deal with them effectively. It can then be concluded that the dimension of human resource development needs to increase worker skills and knowledge related to digital technology in the public sector. Likewise, the dimension of strengthening organizational capacity that changes in organizational culture are key to dealing with governance transformation in the digital era. In the institutional reform dimension, it is important to evaluate and make changes to the existing institutional structures and processes.
 Keywords: capacity building, transformation governance, digital governance

Landak Industrial Park (LIP) Development Strategy

Landak Industrial Park (KIL; Kawasan Industri Landak) is a national strategic project for Industrial Estates in West Kalimantan and is included in the List of 14 Priority Industrial Estate Developments Outside Java Island in the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN; Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional). The construction of KIL is experiencing delays, and to prevent the project from stalling, the main sources of industrial growth are new investment and increased utility from the current capacity. This study’s approach is both qualitative and quantitative. The analysis technique used is SWOT analysis using Internal Strategic Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS) and External Strategic Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS), developed using spatial analysis techniques from the concept of economic aggregation, which then generates value propositions and makes them the basis of a marketing strategy that includes market segmentation (segmenting), setting market targets (targeting), and creating a unique position (positioning). The result is from the SWOT analysis. KIL is in the turnaround quadrant, a position with a strategy of maximizing opportunities because it has major internal weaknesses. The geographical reach of other economic groups or business clusters that are quite close together is a trigger for the development of KIL. Scenarios from the KIL development strategy are expected to support strategic business decisions.