National Mandate Research Articles

Policy diagnostics for Pakistan’s water security challenge

AbstractPakistan is a country already facing water shortages for urban as well as rural water uses. A number of comprehensive water sector reports, a climate change policy, and a national water policy exist, but implementation remains limited due to financial, political, and institutional challenges. The Indus river basin water system is the backbone of the water security in Pakistan and is suffering structural and nonstructural issues of adequate water storage, timely water conveyance, efficient water distribution, and appropriate consumptive use challenges. Inspirational integrated approaches such as integrated water resources management could not be implemented due to national and provincial mandates on the management of surface and ground waters and associated equitable distribution of costs and benefits among stakeholders. This paper presents an overview of the challenges and possible policy options through a diagnostic water balance analysis considering population, cropping patterns, system efficiencies, and storage options.

Publishing in an Environment of Predation: The Many Things You Really Wanted to Know, but Did Not Know How to Ask

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research note is to define and review the extent of “predatory1” publishing process practices in academic journals in recent years. In addition, ascertaining what, if any, substantive damage can result from these practices. And to derive “warnings signs” for those embarking on the road to creating/distributing what they have learned. “Predatory publishing” is the charging of a fee or proving value in exchange for the publication of research material without providing the publication services an author would have reasonably expected such as peer review and editing to mention only a few. There is evidence that this “practice” has sadly grown in prevalence in recent years. Following a review of the literature and using case study methodology, it was found that damages in the case of one large publisher were estimated to be over $50 m, as per a court adjudication in the US. With open access publishing becoming more popular as a result of institutional, funder and national mandates, it is likely more authors could be tempted or even baited into making poor decisions and publishing their research articles in illegitimate journals, wasting funding resources and damaging their research reputations. These and other implications are considered, as well as enumeration of such behaviors with an eye toward fostering deterrence. Further research and actions that could mitigate the problems are outlined.

Manajemen Akhlak Peserta Didik di Era Modernisasi Teknologi Informasi

National education functions to develop capabilities and form, dignified national character and civilization in order to educate the nation's life, aiming at developing potential students to become human beings who believe and fear God Almighty, have noble character, are healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become a democratic and responsible citizen. Such is the importance of noble character, so that guidance must continue to be carried out at a minimum along with the modernization of information technology. Noble character according to the term especially in Islam as a believer is defined as the nature or temperament of someone who has been attached and will usually be reflected in the behavior of that person. Someone who has good character will usually have good temperament or character too and vice versa someone who has a bad temper tended to have despicable character. There is no noble character for people who are not believers, so there is no faith for people who are despicable, because only people of noble character are able to avoid despicable deeds. But the reality of life still occurs behavior that is contrary to noble morals, such as those who relieve performing prayer, perform other acts of corruption: corruption, extortion, embezzlement, murder and turn am ong students still occur From the description above we observe that there are still many incompatibilities between moral values, with the attitudes and behavior of some people, including students. Therefore, noble moral formation is still needed, and for this purpose management intervention is still very important. The method used is descriptive method, which means understanding what is the object of writing, looking at various situations or social realities that exist in society from various sources that can be trusted, writing on online media is the subject of discussion. The results expected in this paper are to create a generation that is trustworthy, consistent, patient and trustworthy, in entering the era of information technology modernization, and able to avoid the negative influence of information technology. Therefore community development, including students to have noble character, is a necessity, because only in this way can the national education mandate be created, namely creating the potential of students to become human beings who believe and fear the Almighty God, have noble character, are healthy, knowledgeable , capable, creative, independent, and a democratic and responsible citizen.

Political Strategy In Local Elections: Study Of Bandung Municipality Mayor General Election In 2003 And 2008

This study aims to analyze the political strategies of actors in the 2008 election of the mayor of Bandung. Research location in Bandung Municipality, West Java Province. The research uses qualitative methods. The results of the study show that the election victory through political strategies can be won by the ability of actors who act as patrons to gain strength in gaining votes. In the indirect election, which was chosen by the Bandung Municipal Regional Legislative Council (DPRD) in 2003. Although the Golongan party of Dada Rosada was in third place, it was a very influential figure in Dada Rosada in bureaucrats, government and politicians using political network strategy to convince political party elites, so as to convince the party of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI Perjuangan) and the National Mandate Party (PAN) which is in first and second positions. The post-reform political strategy was different from before the reforms determined by the centre, so the role of political actors was very decisive in the 2003 Bandung municipal elections which were elected through the Regional Legislative Council (DPRD). In 2008 Dada Rosada not only used political network strategies to convince political elites but also used social network strategies to gain support and sympathy for the people of Bandung. Because in 2008 the Bandung Regional Head Election (Pilkada) was directly elected by the community.

Rekrutmen Calon Kepala Daerah dalam Era Pilkada Langsung dan Serentak di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin

The era of direct and simultaneous regional head elections makes political parties really have to pay attention to the regional head candidates who will be promoted. The candidate factor has a very big role in determining the victory in the elections. On Musi Banyuasin regional election in 2017 there is one pair of regional head candidates carried by all existing political parties. One of the parties that participated in carrying out the regional head candidates was PAN (Partai Amanat Nasional or National Mandate Party). However, regional head candidates who are carried by PAN are not PAN cadres. PAN is the party that won the election in 2014 and is the only party that can support its own regional head candidates. Determination of candidates for regional head by PAN is done through open recruitment. Open recruitment is carried out by the DPD (Dewan Perwakilan Daerah or Regional Representative Council) PAN Musi Banyuasin Regency by forming a selection committee. The selection committee is tasked with selecting prospective regional heads. The selection process is done by opening a registration. Registration is done by completing the registration form and fulfilling the registration requirements. The mechanism for determining prospective regional heads is proposed by conducting regional deliberations. The reference used in determining the prospective regional head to be carried out is an analysis of the nomination registration requirements, Second, the electability and popularity surveys and the Third is result of the fit and proper test. Candidates for the elected regional head will be proposed to the DPW (Dewan Pimpinan Wilayah or Regional Leadership Council), the DPW will proceed to the DPP (Dewan Pimpinan Pusat or Central Board), then the DPP will issue a recommendation that is used as a requirement in registering at the KPUD (Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah or Election Commission).

Development of an antimicrobial stewardship program in an integrated healthcare system.

The development of an inpatient antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) in an integrated healthcare system is described. With increasing national focus on reducing inappropriate antimicrobial use, state and national regulatory mandates require hospitals to develop ASPs. In 2015, BJC HealthCare, a multihospital health system, developed a system-level, multidisciplinary ASP team to assist member hospitals with ASP implementation. A comprehensive gap analysis was performed to assess current stewardship resources, activities and compliance with CDC core elements at each facility. BJC system clinical leads facilitated the development of hospital-specific leadership support statements, identification of hospital pharmacy and medical leaders, and led development of staff and patient educational components. An antimicrobial-use data dashboard was created for reporting and tracking the impact of improvement activities. Hospital-level interventions were individualized based on the needs and resources at each facility. Hospital learnings were shared at bimonthly system ASP meetings to disseminate best practices. The initial gap analysis revealed that BJC hospitals were compliant in a median of 6 ASP elements (range, 4-8) required by regulatory mandates. By leveraging system resources, all hospitals were fully compliant with regulatory requirements by January 2017. BJC's ASP model facilitated the development of broad-based stewardship activities, including education modules for patients and providers and clinical decision support, while allowing hospitals to implement activities based on local needs and resource availability.

Politik Hukum Islam dalam Pengaturan Tentang Kesusilaan di Indonesia (Studi UU Nomor 44 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pornografi)

This article tries to explore how the influence of Islamic law politics in drafting Law No. 44 of 2008 on Pornography. A qualitative approach was employed in this study. The treatise of Indonesia’s Pornography Law was collected as the primary data. The findings expose that there was the effect of Islamic law politics in drafting Law No. 44 of 2008 on Pornography. It can be noticed from the active involvement of Islamic political parties in parliament and the House of Representatives (DPR) members from the nationalist parties possessing an Islamic background in promoting the law enactment. Likewise, the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) and Islamic mass organizations also actively encouraged the issuance of this law. Another result highlights that there was a strong debate between political fractions in the DPR, including the Gerindra Party (PG), the United Development Party (PPP), the Democratic Party (PD), the National Mandate Party (PAN), the National Awakening Party (PKB), the Democratic Vanguard Star (BPD), the Star Reform Party (PBR), the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), and the mass organizations that proposed the ratification of the Pornography Law draft, and other fractions, namely: the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDIP), the Prosperous Peace Party (PDS), and the mass organizations that supported the refusal of the law draft ratification

Implementation of disaster risk reduction and management policies in a school setting in Lao PDR: a case study

BackgroundLao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) formulated the National Strategic Plan for Disaster Risk Management to reduce risks to the communities. This plan was eventually integrated into the school curriculum, but its implementation has never been evaluated. This study aimed to clarify the present situation to inform better implementation strategies on disaster risk reduction and management in a school setting focused on fire disasters in Lao PDR.MethodsA case study was conducted in Vientiane and five provinces in 2017. Key informant interviews were conducted among 52 policy implementers from the Disaster Management Committee (DMC), the education, and fire service sectors at national, provincial, district and school levels. Observations were done among eight secondary schools, and questionnaires were answered by 869 grade 7 students. Interview transcripts underwent content analysis using the 12 influential components of successful policy implementation and the 3 pillars of comprehensive school safety framework. The level of student knowledge on fire prevention and response was examined.ResultsThree themes emerged: policy content and dissemination, factors which affect policy implementation, and impacts of policy implementation facilitating factors include effective coordination and ownership among the national DMC members for scaling up disaster risk reduction (DRR) activities, and strong support from the central government. Barriers include unclear provisions in the national legislation, unclear mandates especially on leading the program, poor monitoring system, insufficient human resources, and lack of public-private partnerships. All the study schools conducted DRR classes and designated a disaster assembly point. More than 80% of the students correctly answered items on fire response.ConclusionThe policy was widely disseminated and implemented in all levels across sectors among the study sites except for some rural areas. Although there is a lack of national legislation and clear mandates, strong leadership, and ownership of the implementers facilitated policy implementation. All the study schools conducted fire prevention activities. Most students knew how to appropriately respond to fire. A comprehensive school-based DRR program would be beneficial in improving student knowledge and practices on DRR.

National Policy Agendas Encounter the City: Complexities of Political-Spatial Implementation

This article examines implementation of national political agendas in two urban settings—Israel’s program aimed at sole sovereign control of Jerusalem and Northern Ireland’s effort to build peace in Belfast. It is based on seven months of in-country research and 122 interviews conducted in 2015 and 2016. Political goals of united Jerusalem in Israel and shared future in Northern Ireland are problematized as they confront micro-scale urban dynamics and resistant patterns of community power. A national policy agenda aimed at managing a city requires a political-spatial process of implementation having erratic effects. National-urban disjunctions were found in fundamentally different national programs, illuminating the inherent disruptive quality of urban dynamics in resisting national mandates. Findings inform theories of policy implementation and urban governance, highlighting problematic characteristics of national goals when implemented in urban space and the role of ethnic and cultural interests operating outside formal urban governance institutions in impeding national directives.

Does multiple office-holding generate an electoral bonus? Evidence from Belgian national and local elections

Traditionally, scholars have assumed that multiple office-holding (i.e. the combination of a local and national directly elected political mandate) leads to an enhanced electoral performance. Although the prospect of electoral benefits for such a mandate combination seems plausible, it remains unclear whether accumulating a national and local mandate does indeed provide an additional boost compared to holding either one prior to the election. Previous studies have only offered limited support for this assumption. For instance, they have focused exclusively on French national elections. This article, however, scrutinises whether dual mandate-holding pays off individually, for the candidate, as well as collectively, for the list as a whole in both Belgian national and local elections. The results here strongly suggest that cumul des mandats does not yield an additional electoral reward compared to single office-holders, contradicting both theoretical presumptions and normative beliefs.

Disabling discourses and some implications for parent leadership in special education policy and practice

ABSTRACT The paper aims to explore ways in which mothers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) attempt to voice their concerns about current discourses and power imbalances enshrined in special education policy and provision. Mothers’ narratives are important in making transparent the multiple forms of ‘disablism’ experienced by them in their attempts to negotiate and counteract on behalf of their children deficit-based and discriminatory discourses and professional practices that violate their children’s rights, notwithstanding international and national legal mandates promoting a rights-based approach to disability. Their narrated subjugated agency in disability politics highlights the imperative to introduce new forms of advocacy through parent leadership in order to enable parents to have a more active and strategic role in challenging disabling discourses and practices that undermine their children’s rights and entitlements.

Marketing of Political Communication Created by National Mandate Party (PAN) in General Election 2005-2015, North Sumatra, Indonesia

PAN establishes itself as an open, independent party, upholding religious morality, humanity and pluralism, aimed at enlightening the nation. PAN is a party born from the womb of the reform movement founded by the figures of reforms across ethnic, racial, religious and class. It is rooted in religious morals, humanity and pluralism. DPW PAN in North Sumatra utilizes various channels of communication, not just to build the image but broader than that, it is to market political communication, strengthen the emotional connection with constituents. The process of marketing is carried out continuously, not only in the run up to election or election events, such as general election of regional but also after the election is done.

High-Performing Local Health Departments Relate Their Experiences at Community Engagement in Emergency Preparedness.

Local health departments (LHDs) are implementing a national mandate to engage community partners, including individuals, businesses, and community- and faith-based organizations in the larger public health emergency preparedness (PHEP) enterprise. Investigate how LHDs of varying size and resource levels successfully engage the community in PHEP to help uncover "best practices" that aspiring agencies can replicate, particularly in low-resource environments. In-depth, semistructured qualitative interviews with practitioners from 9 highly performing LHDs. Participating agencies comprised equal amounts of small (serving <50 000 residents), medium (serving 50 000-500 000 residents), and large (serving >500 000 residents) LHDs and were diverse in terms of geographic region, rural-urban environment, and governance structure. A cross section of LHD staff (n = 34) including agency leaders, preparedness coordinators, public information officers, and health educators/promoters. Local health department performance at community engagement as determined by top scores in 2 national LHD surveys (2012, 2015) regarding community engagement in PHEP. Based on key informant accounts, high-performing LHDs show a holistic, organization-wide commitment to, rather than discrete focus on, community engagement. Best practices clustered around 5 domains: administration (eg, top executive who models collaborative behavior), organizational culture (eg, solicitous rather than prescriptive posture regarding community needs), social capital (eg, mining preexisting community connections held by other LHD programs), workforce skills (eg, cultural competence), and methods/tactics (eg, visibility in community events unrelated to PHEP). For LHDs that wish to enhance their performance at community engagement in PHEP, change will entail adoption of evidence-based interventions (the technical "what") as well as evidence-based administrative approaches (the managerial "how"). Smaller, rural LHDs should be encouraged that, in the case of PHEP community engagement, they have unique social assets that may help offset advantages that larger, more materially resourced metropolitan health departments may have.

Mental health crisis resolution teams and crisis care systems in England: a national survey.

Ninety-five per cent of mapped CRTs (n = 233) completed the survey. Few CRTs adhered fully to national policy guidelines. CRT implementation and local acute care system contexts varied substantially. Access to CRTs for working-age adults appears to have improved, compared with a similar survey in 2012, despite no evidence of higher staffing levels. Specialist CRTs for children and for older adults with dementia have been implemented in some areas but are uncommon.Clinical implicationsA national mandate and policy guidelines have been insufficient to implement CRTs fully as planned. Programmes to support adherence to the CRT model and CRT service improvement are required. Clearer policy guidance is needed on requirements for crisis care for young people and older adults.Declaration of interestNone.

The quality movement from six perspectives

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the quality movement in the framework of an organizing taxonomy model from six perspectives: global trend, national mandate, industry trend, organizational strategy, operational strategy, and personal philosophy.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the organizing taxonomy model to analyze the quality movement from each of the six perspectives in terms utilizing a diverse range of key questions, characteristics, and issues which must be addressed.FindingsThe analysis shows that viewing the quality movement from these various perspectives can help practitioners in developing an understanding of the quality movement not only from a historical standpoint, but also in terms of current requirements and future demands. This can also benefit quality management researchers in terms of organizing the focus of their research on the various perspectives. The organizing taxonomy model can also be used to assess other phenomena such as lean, supply chain management, knowledge management, and business analytics which are similarly impacting organizations across all industries and throughout the world.Originality/valueThe paper presents a fresh look at the quality movement from a range of perspectives and provides insight into an organized method of assessing major movements that continue to impact businesses globally.

MEKANISME REKRUITMEN CALON BUPATI DALAM PEMILIHAN UMUM KEPALA DAERAH SECARA LANGSUNG TAHUN 2015 DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN

The purpose of this research was to know the recruitment process performed by National Mandate Party in recruiting Government Regent candidate in the general election of district head directly in South Lampung at 2015. Method used in this research was qualitative experiment method with interactive analysis. Result of the research based on interview, observed documentation files, and the rule of law as guided in recruitment process by National Mandate Party South Lampung, showed that recruitment process at National Mandate Party was open with several indicators: (1) open candidacy for public in other words there is no party cadre monopoly; (2) several candidates were socialized in order to get response and idea from public; (3) selected candidates were established through convention democratically and can be accepted by society.&#x0D; Keywords: Recruitment, Government Regent, South Lampung

The Development of University Music Education in Nigeria: An Outline

University music education is a recent phenomenon in Nigeria. The founding of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, with autonomy to grant degrees for courses in nearly all fields of study, enabled it to initiate music degree along the lines of the Euro-American university music education in 1961. This article, relying on historical analysis with historical evidence derived from primary and secondary documents, delineates some cultural, philosophical, political, social, and economic forces that have shaped the development of university music education in Nigeria before and after its establishment. It finds out that significant changes in university music education in Nigeria are being negotiated with national policies, accrediting agencies, certification requirements, and curriculum mandates. It proffers solutions to some of its ongoing problems by calling for a university music education in which music conferences and festivals are combined with creative and productive music teaching and learning, and where participants’ observation is emphasized.

Logging residue supply and costs for electricity generation: Potential variability and policy considerations

This paper applies a spatial allocation optimization model to evaluate logging residue supply potential and costs for bioelectricity generation within the conterminous United States. Simulations are developed to estimate a range in supply potential and costs across a broad range of sensitivity scenarios, including (1) different biomass availability rates based on observed roundwood removals, (2) renewable energy targets set nationally or at a state-level, (3) with and without biomass sourcing restrictions within a state, (4) with and without access to public lands, and (5) policy restrictions on eligible facility types. Under the least restrictive policy scenario (a hypothetical national mandate), total supply is 8.8 million dry tons (MDT) at $20/DT and increases to 32.5 MDT at $80/DT. Results fall within the range of previous logging residue supply studies in the U.S., including the last two Billion Ton reports. Results from this paper offer important policy insight into the potential cost efficiency of a flexible policy design. Sensitivity scenarios show potential supply cost increases that could result from policies imposing regional restrictions, limiting access to public lands, and restricting eligible facilities. Restricting biomass supply sources within state boundaries reduces total supply up to 10% relative to an unrestricted national policy.

The effect of antioxidant additives on the growth of deposits on the use of biodiesel fuel (B100) at certain temperatures

Indonesia and several tropical countries produce a lot of energy sources including palm oil, coconut, nyamplung, rubber seeds, kosambi and various other plants. The source can be converted into biodiesel or bioethanol. This is reinforced by Regulation of The Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources, the government issued Indonesia’s National Energy Policy under Regulation of The Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources of The R.I. No. 12/2015. This regulation formalized the promotion of biofuels in Indonesia, for both ethanol and biodiesel, and established a 30% biofuel in national energy consumption mandate by 2025. However, consideration of the use of biodiesel fuel is the formation of deposits in the engine or combustion chamber. In this study, the formation of a deposit of biodiesel fuel was carried out by comparison of biodiesel B100-NA without additive with biodiesel variation plus antioxidant additives such as B100 + BHT, and B100 + PG performed by the method of fuel droplet to heat plate to know the characteristics and mechanism of deposit formation On each fuel variation. The research was conducted by the deposition process and evaporation of Diesel fuel which was repeatedly carried out on a hot plate. The plate is heated with temperature variations in the enclosed space so that the conditions are close to the real condition of the engine. This test uses hot room temperature test rig. Use of antioxidant additives to inhibit oxidation in biodiesel is expected to keep the acid number low and increase oxidative stability, which will help prevent excessive deposits in the combustion chamber. This study aims to find the optimal temperature for the growth of the deposit can be controlled.

Analisis Sikap Politik Warga Muhammadiyah Ponorogo Dalam Pilkada 2015

Plurality of political attitudes of citizens Muhammadiyah Ponorogo in the elections in 2015 is an interesting phenomenon because almost all citizens and sympathizers of this organization gives full support to the partner Regent and Vice Regent promoted by the National Mandate Party. This study to find out more about political attitudes of citizens muhammadiyah shown in local elections (Election) Ponorogo. Moreover, the research also seek out further orientations are used as a handle by Muhammadiyah cadres and elite that are part of a successful team. Informants in this study is regular and elite members or directors of the Muhammadiyah organization spread over several districts. Data collection in studies using interviews and documentation. The final goal of this study was to determine the political direction of Muhammadiyah then it could be a foundation in nominating candidates for the next general election