National Industry Research Articles

National Environmental Taxes and Industrial Waste in Countries across Europe

The use of economic instruments within environmental policy has become a challenging topic for policymakers, governments and scholars. Environmental taxes have emerged as a prevailing preference in developed countries to promote sustainability. Recently, a particular focus has been given to waste generation and disposal, shifting the attention from greenhouse gases to another important source of environmental pollution. This paper investigates the effect of national environmental taxes and policies on industrial waste. A fixed effects model is used for 34 countries across Europe from 2004 to 2022. The results suggest that environmental taxes and energy policies reduce industrial (hazardous and non-hazardous) waste. However, environmental tax reforms should take into consideration the deterioration in environmental quality, the increase in economic costs and undesirable social consequences.

Abstract IA022: AI in bladder cancer pathology and research: What can we expect and what not?

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) applications are rapidly evolving, disruptive technologies that recently attracted tremendous public awareness including euphoria, bull runs at stock exchanges but also criticism and skepticism. Pathology, a crucial clinical diagnostic discipline, faces significant challenges despite its critical role and broad scope. A notable issue is the declining interest among medical graduates in pursuing further training in Surgical Pathology and Molecular Pathology. This disinterest is compounded by a trend towards part-time work and the aging demographic in Western industrial nations, which increases the demand for precise cancer diagnoses, molecular pathology and advanced oncological treatments. As the need for skilled pathologists grows, the availability of these professionals is steadily decreasing. Furthermore, political policies in heavily regulated healthcare systems (e.g., Germany) are exacerbating the shortage by limiting residency and specialist training positions despite the growing need. Adding to the reluctance among medical graduates to consider pathology as discipline is the looming “threat”” of replacing the field with Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. However, historical precedents suggest that necessity often spurs significant innovation. AI's role in pathology is expanding, reshaping the field with new technological advancements. AI, broadly encompassing various computational algorithms designed to perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence such as learning, reasoning, and pattern recognition, is now being applied extensively across different domains including medical diagnostics. Recent implementations in pathology include AI-driven algorithms that automate processes such as the Gleason grading of prostate biopsies, lymph node metastasis detection, detection of molecular bladder cancer subtypes or grading of kidney cancer showing high accuracy levels, speed and reproducibility in delivering results. These tools, while they do not replace pathologists, significantly reduce their workload by automating routine tasks, thus freeing up time for more complex diagnostic activities or simply dealing with the increasing workload. Despite the exciting possibilities, the use of AI in predicting molecular alterations, such as FGFR3 mutations in bladder cancer, faces limitations due to insufficient sensitivity and specificity, indicating that such technologies are not yet suitable for screening purposes. In conclusion, AI is increasingly vital in addressing the challenges of modern pathology, particularly in compensating for the shortage of pathologists. As technology advances, its integration into clinical practice offers promising solutions to enhance diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in uropathology, paving the way for more personalized and effective patient care. Citation Format: Markus Eckstein. AI in bladder cancer pathology and research: What can we expect and what not? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Bladder Cancer: Transforming the Field; 2024 May 17-20; Charlotte, NC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(10_Suppl):Abstract nr IA022.

A Comprehensive Review on the Global Aviation Industry and Aircraft Maintenance Management Processes

The vision of the Turkish Republic is to surpass the level of contemporary civilization, and one of the main principles to achieve this is "The future is in the skies." To make this a reality, it is imperative to establish a national and domestic aviation industry. The first step towards this goal is to ensure the safe operation of aircraft, which requires a maintenance management system. To create and use the necessary maintenance documents, an international standard management process should be followed for airframe manufacturers and component and part manufacturers in the aviation industry. Airline operators should then create their maintenance documentation according to this system and work with airplane maintenance organizations to ensure the airworthiness of their aircraft. This study discusses and evaluates the documents used within the essential management and organization principles framework, primarily focusing on the aircraft maintenance management system.

Distribution of volatile organic compounds by distance from industrial complexes and potential health impact on the residents

ABSTRACT Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the air pollutants emitted from the petrochemical industry known to pose adverse health effects on workers. The database based on the third phase of The Environmental Health Study in the Korean National Industrial Complexes (EHSNIC) in Ulsan conducted from 2018 to 2021 was used. Subjects were divided into the exposed and control group according to the estimated pollution level and distances from the industrial complexes. Ambient benzene, ethylbenzene, and xylene were significantly higher in the exposed group compared to the controls, as well as their metabolites. Risk of chronic disease and atopic dermatitis was higher in the exposed group which was supported by higher serum inflammatory markers and high hazard index of the exposed region. These results can draw attention to people engaged with environmental plans and used as primary data when making policies to reduce pollutant levels around industrial complexes.

The Effect Of Growth Opportunity and Profitability On Company Value On The Stock Exchange Indonesia (BEI) Period 2018-2022

Based on data from the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Indonesia is the country with the most influential manufacturing industry value in the world, but from the other side, based on data, the growth of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia experienced a significant decline in 2020, this is due to the condition of the closure of the capital structure and the impact The Covid-19 pandemic has weakened the value of investment in manufacturing industry companies, which has an impact on growth opportunities. Apart from that, the profitability of manufacturing industry companies has weakened, potentially leading to a decline in company value. Therefore, the aim of this research is to understand the factors that influence the value of manufacturing industry companies. Through capital structure as an intervention, the data used in this research is secondary data used in the form of annual financial report data of manufacturing companies for the 2018-2022 period obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) website, namely www.idx.co.id with the sample size using Purposive sampling is based on criteria so that from 236 companies we get a sample of 115 companies. The analysis method used is descriptive statistical analysis, panel data regression analysis, and Sobel test using e-views version 10. Analysis of manufacturing company data on the 2018-2022 BEI shows that the effect is significant. direct negative impact on capital structure.

The impact of carbon policy news on the national energy industry

This paper explores the impact of unexpected changes in European carbon policy on Portugal’s energy sector, focusing on effects on sales, output prices, and labor market dynamics. Using a structural vector autoregression (SVAR) model, the study finds that news of tighter carbon regulations leads to a significant short-term increase in domestic sales. Output prices rise in both home and foreign markets, with a larger increase observed in the latter. The labor market responds positively, as evidenced by higher wages and hours worked. The study also reveals that these carbon policy changes have played a significant role in historical fluctuations within the energy sector, especially during the Great Financial Crisis and key policy changes. The findings highlight the importance of judicious policymaking concerning carbon regulations, as the escalation in energy prices wields significant economic effects, though not all of these effects are bad from the energy industry standpoint.

Robotic rectal surgery

Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent cancerous diseases in industrial nations, whereby tumors of the rectum constitute approximately 30-40% of all colorectal cancers. In addition to the implementation and establishment of novel neoadjuvant concepts for the treatment of rectal cancer, there has been acontinuous evolution of surgical techniques in recent years towards minimally invasive surgery. In this respect robot-assisted surgery has become more and more popular despite seemingly weak evidence regarding clinical benefits and the not to be ignored economic aspects; however, recently published high-quality studies provide new evidence showing advantages for a robotic resection in patients suffering from rectal cancer. Thus, the progressive implementation of robotic surgical systems is increasingly attaining a scientific foundation.

The problems and prospects of import substitution in medical industry

The achievement of economic sustainability and assurance of national security through activation of production sectors, medical industry in particular, is the integral component of successful strategy of state development. The importance of achieving autonomy in production of medical technique is targeted to reducing dependence of external factors, ensuring continuity of supply of critically important equipment and increasing level of technical characteristics of production. Besides it, expansion of medical production positively impact on innovative development, organization of new work places and level of scientific research in this industry. The development of national medical industry contributes to improvement of quality of medical care that directly affect population health. The necessity to maintain stability of health care through import substitution of medical products is indisputable fact in modern conditions, determined by strategically important direction from national security point of view. The article considers measures within the framework of import substitution plan in medical industry of the Russian Federation for period up to 2024. The analysis of volume of national production of medical equipment in dynamics over 5 years was carried out. The main problems of production of medical devices at the present stage were considered. The measures of state support targeted to development of national production of medical equipment and innovative medical technologies were discussed.

On the issue of logistic support of export of medicinal preparations of national production

The current geopolitical situation raised pointed question of developing new supply chains and looking for rolling stock to develop newly formed cargo flows, including medicinal preparations transportation. Considering necessity in timely and safe supply of medicines, it is necessary to develop set of measures permitting to implement export of this production of national industry to ensure ultimate independence from unfriendly states. The article considers main indicators of import and export operations of medicinal preparations and measures taken by the state to support industry in current conditions, requirements for international transportation of this category of goods. The measures increasing exports within the framework of the Pharmaceutical Industry Development Strategy until 2030, such as expansion of fleet of autonomous refrigerated containers, use of consolidation warehouses in Turkey and Kazakhstan to ensure decreasing of cost of multi-modal transportation of medicinal preparations, as well as validation of rolling stock in accordance with GDP requirements.

Water Quality System Informatics: An Emerging Inter-Discipline of Environmental Engineering

Water quality system informatics (WQSI) is an emerging field that employs cybernetics to collect and digitize data associated with water quality. It involves monitoring the physical, chemical, and biological processes that affect water quality and the ecological impacts and interconnections within water quality systems. WQSI integrates theories and methods from water quality engineering, information engineering, and system control theory, enabling the intelligent management and control of water quality. This integration revolutionizes the understanding and management of water quality systems with greater precision and higher resolution. WQSI is a new stage of development in environmental engineering that is driven by the digital age. This work explores the fundamental concepts, research topics, and methods of WQSI and its features and potential to promote disciplinary development. The innovation and development of WQSI are crucial for driving the digital and intelligent transformation of national industry patterns in China, positioning China at the forefront of environmental engineering and ecological environment research on a global scale.

The Empowering Innovative Mathematics Curriculum and Industry Collaboration in Gearing Malaysia for IR4.0 Era

This paper aims to illustrate the global megatrend of IR4.0 and points out their impacts and gaps faced by today's industries and mathematics applications. Meanwhile, in responding to the MoHE Education Framework 4.0 plan and direction, this paper adopts the qualitative approach to review and investigate the needs of transformation in mathematics curriculum, gears up to the change of industry requirements and adapts to the shift of market demands and operations landscape. Therefore, the outcome of study urges to form a closer tie or partnership between industries and mathematics collaboration in industrial research and problem-solving. With this, the role of industrial mathematics has to become part of the necessity for Malaysia's leading mission to achieve the status of a developed nation. In conclusion, based on the missing links between mathematics and industries, the paper recommends the realignment and rebranding of existing university mathematics curriculum and formation of the National Industries and Mathematics Community (NIMC). It expects industrial mathematics will be one of the key boosters besides engineering and technologies fields, to produce the industries talents and expertise, which will contribute to Malaysia's mission in IR4.0, the migration of industries into high-value services and technological intelligence-based productions era.

Research on Teaching Evaluation Algorithm of Engineering Related Majors in the Context of Digitalization of Engineering Education

While the nation's industry building has progressed, so has the area that includes engineering leadership. But the nation's managerial engineering major is in an embryonic phase at the moment because of the difficulty of the beginning decades, or the instructional and operational setup of all courses is additionally in a nascent stage. Kids' faith in educators has declined with the rising absenteeism rate and the objectification of kids' once-dominant positions in the classroom. Individualism and variety are hallmarks of individuals' educational experiences. Despite calls for greater standards in the classroom, most institutions lacked the resources necessary to implement meaningful mechanisms for monitoring teachers' performance. The education of management and engineering majors must be reformed and innovated to better address these issues. Certification in technical courses is fundamentally about making sure that students are competent in their fields. It's a novel approach to determining the quality of course instruction for managerial engineering students, so naturally, there's a lot of academic interest in it. Certification in the teaching of engineering has been widely discussed by academics since it provides a novel way to evaluate the quality of instruction in managerial engineering courses. This research blends artificial intelligence with a credential in the field of engineering, and its foundation is an in-depth analysis of how engineering leadership classes are taught. Universities were surveyed and analyzed, and it was determined that a professional course in managerial engineering teaching students engineering guarantee against the backdrop of machine learning increased attendance among students by about 20%. The percentage of students who successfully complete course goals has grown by around 13%, while the average level of skill among graduates has risen by about 8%.So that current engineering managerial graduates are better able to satisfy the demands of contemporary society, it supported the growth of higher education and raised the overall quality of students as well as the quality of instruction and effectiveness of technical management programs.

The Existence of Woman Filmmakers in Film Ecosystem of Bandung

The art of filmmaking is a creative process that involves collaboration from various parties and aspects. This also inspired women filmmakers to create their own works. Many women filmmakers have successfully addressed important issues through their films. The number of women filmmakers in Bandung is still relatively low. Based on data obtained from film communities in Bandung, women filmmakers account for only about one-third of the total number. However, women filmmakers have achieved various notable accomplishments on both national and international levels. This research was conducted to understand the presence of women filmmakers in Bandung within the scope of the national film. Data were obtained in collaboration with Bandung Film Commission (BFC). The informants were women filmmakers who are originally from Bandung and have made contributions to the national film industry. This paper represents a qualitative descriptive study. The research subjects were women filmmakers in Bandung, and the selection of informants was done using purposive sampling techniques. The results of the research indicate that the presence of women filmmakers does not happen instantly. There are internal and external factors that support the development of skills in filmmaking. The level of filmmaking activity in the region is crucial, making the presence of film communities in Bandung highly supportive of the emergence of women filmmakers on the national stage. The existence of women filmmakers is marked by their works, attitudes, and professions. To sustain the existence of women filmmakers, harmony between the realms of education, the professional world, and film associations is essential.

Evaluation of the Performance of Operations Management in the Industrial Sector at the National Gas and Industrialization Company (GASCO), headquartered in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia

Operations play a major role in the LPG industry where the business involves suppliers, some of who are the business owners and customers. Organizations in the LPG industry are faced with challenges in their quest to deliver their products to consumers while concurrently ensuring profitability. Thus, they have to tailor their business operations practices to fit the market. This scientific research aims to see to what extent operations management practices are being undertaken in the National Gas and Industrialization Co. (GASCO) headquarter in Riyadh city that also it owns seven (7) filling stations and a transportation and distribution fleet in Saudi Arabia by studying their supply chain and their process to determine how they impact on the operational performance of the factories. The target population in this study was the National Gas and Industrialization Co. (GASCO) headquarter in Riyadh city that also it owns seven (7) filling stations and a transportation and distribution fleet in Saudi Arabia. Primary data on the project implementation was collected using a questionnaire. Secondary data was obtained from relevant publications and literature review from the different organizations. Data was presented using tables, and pie charts to make them reader friendly and this study conducted a multiple regression analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used to establish the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The study found that there is a positive significant relationship between supply chain, lean management, value stream mapping, machine maintenance and operational performance. However, the study found a negative relationship between constraints and operational performance of an organization. The study recommends that factories should be urged to adopt all the practices under supply chain management, adoption of communication channels enhancement among all the staff working in various departments to improve value stream mapping. The study further, recommends that National Gas and Industrialization Co. (GASCO) headquartered in Riyadh city that also it owns seven (7) filling stations and a transportation and distribution fleet in Saudi Arabia should have a skilled LPG manpower to handle issues on machine maintenance and replacement as this will lead to continued production.

Revitalization Supervision Islamic Banking in Enhancement Compliance in Indonesia and Malaysia

This study is indicated with social reality that, following three decades of dual banking system implementation in Indonesia, Islamic banks' operational activities are essentially identical with the operations of conventional banks. The thing that distinguishes is only the Shariah "brand". In the vast zone of national banking industry, Islamic banks are still being the "followers" of conventional banks with approximately 6.65% market share. The focus of study is on the Islamic bank supervision system by DPS, the Shariah Bank Compliance Directorate, and OJK in carrying out supervisory functions related to fields of duty. The study methodology applied is a normative legal study which includes a study of norms, principles of sharia banking law, and the opinions of sharia economic law experts, while those used are a statutory approach and a sociological approach. The next stage of data analysis is data display, which illustrated through tables, figures, and graphs. Data categorization was carried out relied to the theme to identify the implementation of Islamic bank supervision duties in conforming to Shariah principles and the implementation of laws and regulations. The results showed that there are several problems in Islamic bank supervision institutions that make supervisory performance not optimal and pose potential legal risks for the bank. The roles of DPS, the Directorate of Shariah Bank Compliance, and OJK, which run independently and inefficiently, create overlapping aspects of Islamic bank supervision. This study recommends amending UURI No. 21 of 2008 about Shariah Banking by giving attributive responsibility to DPS to sanction Islamic banks that proved to violate Shariah principal compliance and establishing the OJK regulations on Islamic banking audit instruments.

Exploring the factors affecting the performance of shipping companies based on a panel data model: A perspective of antitrust exemption and shipping alliances

Globally, some large shipping companies have started large-scale joint ventures to seek future development and cooperation while seizing the opportunities of the times. Meanwhile, shipping alliances have become the main theme of the shipping market. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first that we use panel data models to analyze and explore the impact of the shipping alliance membership and antitrust exemption policies for the shipping industry on the performance of shipping companies. The results show that the shipping alliance membership and antitrust exemption policies have a significant positive effect on the performance improvement of shipping companies in European countries and USA, while there are no significant impacts in other countries. The antitrust exemption policies in the shipping industry have an undeniable effect on promoting the enhancement of the national shipping industry. This study offers relevant suggestions on the advancement of the China's antitrust exemption system.

Efficiency measurement and inefficiency analysis of low-carbon logistics in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, China

Under the dual-carbon goals, enhancing the green development level of logistics industry and realizing its low-carbon transformation are important issues that need to be solved urgently. Amidst the continuous escalation in the total energy consumption of the national logistics industry, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region has exhibited a favorable descending trajectory in this respect. It is necessary to investigate the underlying reasons. Based on the panel data from 2012 to 2021, the DEA and Malmquist index are employed to analyze the low-carbon logistics efficiency of the BTH region from both static and dynamic perspectives. Furthermore, the inefficiency analysis is conducted to identify the deficiencies of low-carbon logistics industry in this region. Results show that (1) from the static perspective, the development of low-carbon logistics industry in the BTH region is relatively unbalanced. Compared to Tianjin and Hebei, Beijing's low-carbon logistics efficiency is significantly lower, becoming the focal area for attention; (2) from the dynamic perspective, technological progress is the main reason for the fluctuation of total factor productivity in the BTH region and a constraining factor for further improvements; (3) from the results of inefficiency analysis, the forthcoming emphasis on low-carbon logistics in Beijing should be on optimizing the number of logistics practitioners, transportation efficiency, and energy efficiency. Economic output and energy efficiency are relatively vulnerable aspects in Tianjin and Hebei, respectively, warranting due consideration. The research results of this paper have important practical implications for better developing low-carbon logistics in the BTH region and leveraging its leading role nationwide.

Ukrainian Show Business in the 1990s: Communication Models and Forms of Presentation

The article examines the formation and development of Ukrainian show business in the 1990s. The author studies the communication models used by the members of artistic circles to present themselves to a wide audience. The main forms of representation of artists, in particular, through television, radio, and print media were analysed. It is found that in the early 1990s, traditional models of communication dominated, when the artist was an object of media influence. Later, however, there was a shift to the agency of performers who constructed their public image independently. The transformation of mass communication in Ukraine in the context of the establishment of a market economy and democratic freedoms was emphasized. The role of new media platforms (music channels and magazines) in shaping the popularity of artists is noted. The results of the study show that in the 1990s there was a transition from the “star” model of artists’ presentation to more diverse forms of self-presentation. In particular, the role of artists in constructing their own image has become more important, which correlates with the processes of commercialization and democratization of the media space. The study is based on a comprehensive methodological approach that combines historical, cultural and socio-communication analysis. Content analysis of media materials and discourse analysis were used. The data obtained can be used for further research on the transformation of the national media system and cultural industries. The results of the study may also be of interest to specialists in the field of mass communications, sociology, cultural studies, as well as to a wide range of readers interested in the history of Ukrainian culture

Research progress of tourism marketing over 30 years: Bibliometrics based on CiteSpace

Tourism marketing is significant to the national economy and industry growth and has been a hot research field. However, current studies usually analyze this field from specific aspects and lack comprehensive views. To solve this problem, we use CiteSpace to analyze tourism marketing research from statistical, collaboration, co-citation, and co-occurrence perspectives, construct a knowledge framework, and pinpoint future research directions to depict its dynamic evolution for 30 years comprehensively. We find that this field has received increasing attention annually with fluctuations; the active collaborating institutions are located globally, whose regions are also active collaborators; besides, this field is multidisciplinary with various topics such as tourism, business, and environment; researchers have paid much attention to the impact, model, and satisfaction of tourism marketing. Future research will focus on sustainability, be aligned with disruptive technologies and information analysis, and explore various alternative marketing approaches in new niche tourism markets. This study is innovative as we analyze literature for 30 years, which is long, precise, and comprehensive to understand this field thoroughly; besides, the comprehensive knowledge framework and future research directions facilitate readers to quickly grasp the overall evolution and inspire them to look for specific topics efficiently and effectively.

Recent Status of Production, Administration Policies, and Low-Carbon Technology Development of China’s Steel Industry

In 2023, China’s crude steel production amount reached 1.019 billion tons, and the energy consumption of China’s steel industry amount reached 561 million tons of coal. China’s steel industry, with its dominant reliance on coal for energy and the primary use of blast furnaces and converters in production processes, as well as its massive output, has become the main field for achieving China’s “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality” goals. Firstly, this article summarizes the current production status of the steel industry and the situation of carbon emissions in the steel industry. Secondly, it discusses the dual-carbon policies based on the national and steel industry levels and outlines the future directions for China’s steel industry. Subsequently, it analyzes the current state of research and application of mature and emerging low-carbon technology in China’s steel industry and details the low-carbon plans of China’s steel companies using the low-carbon technology roadmaps of two representative steel companies as examples. Finally, the article gives policy suggestions for the further carbon reduction of China’s steel industry. The purpose of this paper is to show the efforts and contributions of China’s steel industry to the early realization of its “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality” goals.