National Geospatial Research Articles

PECULIARITIES OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE UNITED NATIONS COMMITTEE OF EXPERTS ON GLOBAL GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT (UN-GGIM): UKRAINE'S EXPERIENCE

This article examines the activities of the United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UN-GGIM), namely: the structure of the organisation, programmes and areas of work; resolutions adopted by the Committee and strategies for the development of geospatial information. The aim of this paper is to research the peculiarities of the UN Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UN-GGIM) and analyse the results of the active participation of Ukrainian scientists and civil servants in this organisation. It analysed what role Ukraine plays by actively participating in the projects of the UN-GGIM Committee, and how the results obtained affect the topographic, geodetic and mapping activities and the sphere of the National Geospatial Data Infrastructure of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as NGDI). 11 programmes of the UN-GGIM Committee were separately analysed for the participation of the Ukrainian side in the working groups. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that Ukraine, represented by the State Service of Ukraine for Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre, continues to overcome the path of NSDI development and creation of high-quality, reliable, up-to-date, interoperable geospatial data that will meet the current level of development of geographic information systems and global trends of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It should be noted that in most programmes of the UN-GGIM Committee, the Ukrainian side is not represented as a team member, although it implements these topics at the national level in terms of research and development.

Analysis of maritime piracy trends and patterns using spatial autocorrelation in Africa

ABSTRACT Many studies have analyzed causation factors for piracy, but failed to quantitatively examine how piracy trends in regions have changed. The research aimed to establish the changing patterns of maritime piracy in Africa. The study utilized world piracy data from the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency, which was analyzed using spatial auto-correlation tools. Getis-Ord Gi* statistic identified piracy clusters and hot spot comparison tool compared the hot spot layers in East and West Africa. Autocorrelation analysis results suggest changing frequency of piracy incidents in the study areas before and after 2012. The mean Getis-Ord Gi* values for East Africa were 0.35946 and 0.07839 before and after 2012, illustrating agreater change. However, West Africa mean values were 0.60917 and 0.43408 pre and post 2012, suggesting minimal change. The comparison analysis results generated a smaller similarity value for East Africa (0.43350) and a larger index for West Africa (0.9867). West Africa recorded many incidents in the study period; hence, piracy intensity was almost similar. The study revealed high similarities in piracy events in West Africa, and low similarities in East Africa pre and post 2012. These have implications for understanding the changing dynamics of maritime piracy in Africa, and asserting spatial analysis.

ANALISIS BANJIR SUNGAI MENGGUNAKAN MODEL HEC-RAS DI WILAYAH DAS TABANIO KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

This study aims to determine the amount of water runoff and water depth in the Tabanio Watershed, Tanah Laut Regency. The study was conducted using the HEC-RAS software to generate a flood simulation model. Data analysis included Digital Elevation Model for National Scale (DEMNAS) data, flood discharge data, rainfall data, river bathymetry, and tidal data. DEMNAS data was obtained from the website of the National Geospatial Information Agency (BIG), rainfall data was obtained from the Center for Hydrometeorology and Remote Sensing (CHRS) website. Rainfall data analysis involves selecting the maximum daily rainfall value to determine the flood discharge. The hourly flood discharge is calculated using the Synthetic Unit Hydrograph method with the Nakayasu approach. River bathymetry data is processed as additional data for DEM, with interval recording done every 0.2 seconds. Tide data was obtained through prediction based on the location constant closest to the research area and analyzed using the Pasut.exe software for a period of 6 days. Based on the results of flood analysis research using the HEC-RAS model in the Tabanio Watershed, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province, it can be concluded that the model results show the water depth and area of water runoff at maximum discharge. as follows: less than 0.5 meters with a very low category covering an area of 4,168.86 hectares, 0.51 to 1.5 meters with a low category covering an area of 6,417.79 hectares, 1.51 to 2.5 meters with a medium category covering an area of 1,987, 25 hectares, 2.51 to 3.5 meters with a high category of 741.47 hectares, and above 3.51 meters with a very high category of 113.69 hectares. So that the total water runoff reaches 13,429.05 hectares.

Changes in the Occurrence of Five Invasive Plant Species in Different Ecosystem Types between 2009–2018 in Hungary

Modelling and analysis of spatiotemporal characteristics of plant invasion can help in mapping and predicting the spread of invasive plants. The aim of our research was to investigate the spatiotemporal variability of five common invasive plant species (Ailanthus altissima, Asclepias syriaca, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Solidago spp.) within different land cover (ecosystem)-type categories. The basis of the study was the National Geospatial Database of Invasive Plants (NGDIP) of Hungary, and the ecosystem types of the Ecosystem Map of Hungary (EMH). The GIS-based analysis of the detailed occurrence database of the invasive species (NGDIP) and the thematic land-cover (ecosystem)-type maps (EMH) examined allow us to answer the question of in which habitat types the occurrence and distribution of the given invasive plant has stagnated, decreased, or increased between 2006 and 2018. We developed a methodology with relevant data sources and demonstrated invasion variation, which can be used for future management planning and invasive biology research. Our results show that Asclepias syriaca and Robinia pseudoacacia are increasingly threatening grasslands and are also spreading more intensively in complex cultivated areas. The occurrences of Ailanthus altissima and Asclepias syriaca are declining in built-up areas due to the increasingly extreme environmental conditions of cities or modified urban planning. The spread of Solidago spp. is increasingly common in wetlands, threatening the biodiversity of floodplain (riparian) vegetation.

A PROPOSED TECHNIQUE FOR IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF TIDAL MODELING OF RIVER NETWORKS CONNECTING TO THE DADAHUP IRRIGATION AREA

Optimizing the operational management of tidal irrigation networks is a significant factor in the reactivation program of the swamp irrigation areas in Central Kalimantan Province. Appropriate water level and flow rate control in a tidal environment would provide a better solution for this effort. Monitoring water parameters and hydraulic modeling is an intelligent technique for evaluating irrigation canals' gate system operations. This paper focuses on providing more accurate hydraulic modeling that requires proper boundary conditions and calibration of the canal roughness coefficient. This study aims to obtain a more precise downstream boundary condition data calibration method with an appropriate river cross-sectional roughness coefficient value to improve the overall hydraulic modeling accuracy of the river network connecting to the Dadahup Irrigation Area. The hydraulic modeling utilized the HEC-RAS Software, where input data preparation used geometric data derived from the National Geospatial Agency's DEM in the form of river channel network chain, cross-section, and long-section data. Boundary condition data evaluation compared and selected data generated from references and the Tides Application Software. The results show that the tide prediction from the Tides Application Software provides the slightest difference between the predicted tide and the measured ones. The river network's channel roughness coefficient calibration utilized the generated boundary condition tide and simultaneously measured water level data at several locations. The results show that the most minor Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of the Manning roughness coefficient differences of the river channel network can reach 0.04 with a minimum RMSE value of 0.027.

Improving Interoperability of National Geospatial Services in International Context

Improving Interoperability of National Geospatial Services in International Context

Comparison of Satellite Platform for Mapping the Distribution of Mauritius Thorn (Caesalpinia decapetala) and River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) in the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve

Mapping and tracking invasive alien plant species (IAPS) and their invasiveness can be achieved using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS). Continuous monitoring using RS, GIS and modelling are fundamental tools for informing invasion and management strategies. Using systematic comparisons, we look at three remote sensing imagery platforms and how accurately they can be classified within the Vhembe biosphere reserve, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Supervised classification of National Geospatial Information Colour Digital Aerial Imagery, DigitalGlobe Worldview 2 and CNES SPOT 6 was performed. The Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm was used to identify the best satellite for species-level classification. The accuracy of the classifications produced an overall accuracy (OA) of 71% with a Kappa coefficient (KC) of 0.76 for CDA photographs, an OA of 81% and a KC of 0.80 for Worldview 2, and an OA of 89% with a KC of 0.86 for SPOT 6 imagery. Therefore, SPOT 6 imagery came out as the most suitable for species-level classification. The classification results from the SPOT 6 imagery were used as input data for further species distribution modelling of Mauritius Thorn and River Red Gum in the VBR.

공개제한 공간정보 보안심사 전문기관제도에 대한 법제 개선 방안 연구

Recently, one of the important policy changes related to the national policy of such spatial information is that spatial information with restricted disclosure is not provided to geospatial information providers or location information providers in principle, and spatial information with restricted disclosure can be provided based on the results of the security review by a specialized security review organization. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version) The government’s policy on geospatial information is related to the private sector-oriented dynamic economy. This is reflected in the reason for legislating the provision of publicly restricted spatial information in the Basic Act on National Geospatial Information. In relation to this government policy, it is necessary to balance the responsibilities and operational tasks, such as the uniformity of the operation of security review agencies and the agenda of public officials in applying penalties to security review agencies, in relation to the system of designating security review agencies in relation to the provision of spatial information restricted from public disclosure. Considering these points, it is possible to consider deleting paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 24 of the Enforcement Decree of the Basic Act on National Geospatial Information as a way to improve the legislation. In addition, it is necessary to eliminate the difference in the inspection format of the security inspection standards during the security inspection (written and on-site) related to the provision of spatial information restricted from public disclosure by each specialized security inspection agency. However, in this case, it is necessary to adopt a method that can comprehensively check quantitative and qualitative matters in the inspection format of security inspection standards. Regarding the scope of users of restricted spatial information, it is necessary to expand the scope of current users. In this case, the provisions of the “management organization” in Article 2, paragraph 4 of the Basic Act on National Geospatial Information should be applied to include public institutions and other private organizations as users of restricted spatial information. Finally, it is also necessary to establish a legal basis for the designation of spatial data safety zones in order to respond to the demand of economically small private companies to provide spatial data that is restricted from disclosure by establishing Article 36.2 of the Basic Act on National Geospatial Information.

ANALISIS POLA PERSEBARAN DAN KETERJANGKAUAN SMA/SMK DI KOTA SALATIGA MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS BUFFERING & NEAREST NEIGHBOR

In Salatiga City, namely at the SMA & SMK levels, this study intends to examine the accessibility, distribution pattern, and affordability of educational facilities. In this study, buffering analysis, nearest neighbor analysis, and quantitative descriptive data analysis were employed as the methodology. The information utilized was collected from INAGeoportal, Indonesia's national geoportal that links numerous Ministries, Institutions, Provinces, and Regions that collaborate with Google Earth to connect the National Geospatial Information Network. The result of this study shows that The distribution of high schools and vocational education institutions in Salatiga City is categorized as a cluster pattern with a nearest neighbor index of 0.52, according to the results of nearest neighbor analysis using average nearest neighbor formula in ArcGIS Pro App and according to buffering analysis, it is recognized that all the school at the highschool levels in Salatiga region are reachable.

СУЧАСНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЧЕРГОВОСТІ ГУМАНІТАРНОГО РОЗМІНУВАННЯ ТЕРИТОРІЙ

The problem of mine danger has existed for several centuries, and its scale is constantly growing. With the start of a full-scale war, according to the UN, Ukraine became the most mined country in the world. Such a situation comprehensively worsens the level of security, the state of the environment, and makes it impossible to restore the economy.Estimated costs for demining the contaminated territory of Ukraine are estimated at 400 to 900 billion dollars. None of the countries that were faced with the need to demine territories after the end of hostilities could solve this problem on their own, only at the expense of budget funds.Current proposals for demining territories are determined based on the instructions of the National Mine Action Authority and local authorities.To substantiate the sequence of demining territories using geo-informational tools and decision support systems.The experience of support systems for decision-making on the priority of demining territories on the example of Western Sahara and Afghanistan is considered. Freely available sources of geospatial data, criteria for working with spatial data are given. The state of the National Geospatial Data Infrastructure, its integration into the European Union Geoinformation Space(INSPIRE) and its capabilities for humanitarian demining are revealed.It is advisable to supplement the studies carried out in Ukraine on determining the optimal directions of land use with humanitarian demining data and materials of the National Infrastructure of Geospatial Data. This will allow optimizing the processes of demining territories, speeding up the recovery of the economic situation and the possibility of attracting larger amounts of donor aid

Protection of the National Geospatial Environmental Data of Ukraine during the marital status and the post-war regime

Protection of the National Geospatial Environmental Data of Ukraine during the marital status and the post-war regime

The status of aerial photogrammetry in South Africa: a transition to digital imagery system

The digital image camera technology has revolutionized the aerial imagery capture throughout the world. It has provided high spatial and spectral resolution together with superior efficiency and reliability compared to the traditional analogue aerial imagery method. In so doing, this has provided great accuracy in various photogrammetric applications. The South African survey and mapping organisation currently known as Chief Directorate: National Geospatial Information (CD: NGI) has been capturing aerial photography dating back as early as the 1930s. However, from 2008 CD: NGI embraced a transition to digital aerial imagery capture at 50cm Ground Sample Distance (GSD) (from 2008 to 2016) and 25cm GSD (as from 2017 till date). This has resulted to 1370 digital aerial imagery already captured (this number will continue to change as there are jobs that are still being flown which are yet to be recorded). The continuous enhancement of digital camera technology opens for more possibilities of national aerial imagery capture at even greater spatial resolution such as 10cm GSD in the foreseeable future.However, the continuous digital imagery capture has not been without challenges such as the current global Covid-19 pandemic which has resulted in budget reprioritization, the organisation’s technical knowledge transfer from one generation to another together with the determination of the CD: NGI requirement for digital imagery specifications. The organisation values stakeholders’ engagement to ensure relevance, completeness and consistency on the data produced. This is possible through collaboration and partnership between State institutions, the private sector, research, and tertiary institutions through sharing of resources.

Modeling The Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Tidal And Monsoonal Currents In Pondok Dayung Port of Tanjung Priok Harbor, Jakarta

The Pondok Dayung port forms a significant segment of the Tanjung Priok harbor in the Jakarta coastal bay. Studies on the hydrodynamic characteristics of tidal and monsoonal currents appear very important to ship movement and laid/dock operations in port basins/jetties. These flow conditions have been simulated using a two-dimensional shallow water equation, while the tidal and monsoonal wind were coupled to model the ocean current. In general, the simulation results of the ocean current characteristics were dominated by tidal effects, as well as the interactions with the coastlines, jetties, and breakwaters. Also, the geometric replica has been validated satisfactorily, using time series sea elevation from the tidal station in the research area managed by the National Geospatial Agency (BIG). Strong RMSE and linear correlation values ranging from 0.0405-0.0458 m and 0.9648-0.9843 were obtained, respectively. During the flood tides, the ocean current is directed towards the basin area, while an outward flow is observed under ebb conditions. Furthermore, the maximum tidal current speed of ±0.26 m/s was recorded at the port waterways. A similar outcome was also reported during the west and east monsoon, in addition to a minimum ocean current speed of approximately 0.00 m/s. These conditions implied that the Pondok Dayung port and its breakwater system served as protective structures to the surrounding vessels and the harsh ocean current impacts.

Assessment of landslide risk in the mountainous area. Case study: Bumiaji Sub-District

Throughout 2016-2021, there were 31 landslides that have caused physical, economic, and social damages. Bumiaji Sub-District has several tourist destinations that are potentially exposed to landslides. This study aims to create a landslide risk map in Bumiaji Sub-District. This research was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Therefore, the data collected was secondary data obtained from Google satellite images, Google Street View, the digital elevation model from the National Geospatial Institution, and other literature reviews. The data was then analysed using a landslide risk assessment based on Perka BNPB Number 2/2012. The results of this risk analysis show that Bumiaji Sub-District is dominated by low-level risk (48%), followed by high-level risk (30%), and medium-level risk (15%). High-risk level is affected by high hazards and vulnerabilities, especially in Giripurno Village. High hazard level is affected by high intensity of rainfall, slope degree, the sensitivity of soil to erosion, and the type of land cover. High vulnerabilities are affected by physical, social, and economic aspects susceptible to losses.

APPLICATION AND PLATFORM DESIGN OF GEOSPATIAL BIG DATA

Abstract. With the wide application of Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things in geographic information technology and industry, geospatial big data arises at the historic moment. In addition to the traditional "5V" characteristics of big data, which are Volume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity and Valuable, geospatial big data also has the characteristics of "Location Attribute". At present, the study of geospatial big data are mainly concentrated in: knowledge mining and discovery of geospatial data, Spatiotemporal big data mining, the impact of geospatial big data on visualization, social perception and smart city, geospatial big data services for government decision-making support four aspects. Based on the connotation and extension of geospatial big data, this paper comprehensively defines geospatial big data comprehensively. The application of geospatial big data in location visualization, industrial thematic geographic information comprehensive service and geographic data science and knowledge service is introduced in detail. Furthermore, the key technologies and design indicators of the National Geospatial Big Data Platform are elaborated from the perspectives of infrastructure, functional requirements and non-functional requirements, and the design and application of the National Geospatial Public Service Big Data Platform are illustrated. The challenges and opportunities of geospatial big data are discussed from the perspectives of open resource sharing, management decision support and data security. Finally, the development trend and direction of geospatial big data are summarized and prospected, so as to build a high-quality geospatial big data platform and play a greater role in social public application services and administrative management decision-making.

Detecting Demolished Buildings after a Natural Hazard Using High Resolution RGB Satellite Imagery and Modified U-Net Convolutional Neural Networks

Collapsed buildings are usually linked with the highest number of human casualties reported after a natural disaster; therefore, quickly finding collapsed buildings can expedite rescue operations and save human lives. Recently, many researchers and agencies have tried to integrate satellite imagery into rapid response. The U.S. Defense Innovation Unit Experimental (DIUx) and National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) have recently released a ready-to-use dataset known as xView that contains thousands of labeled VHR RGB satellite imagery scenes with 30-cm spatial and 8-bit radiometric resolutions, respectively. Two of the labeled classes represent demolished buildings with 1067 instances and intact buildings with more than 300,000 instances, and both classes are associated with building footprints. In this study, we are using the xView imagery, with building labels (demolished and intact) to create a deep learning framework for classifying buildings as demolished or intact after a natural hazard event. We have used a modified U-Net style fully convolutional neural network (CNN). The results show that the proposed framework has 78% and 95% sensitivity in detecting the demolished and intact buildings, respectively, within the xView dataset. We have also tested the transferability and performance of the trained network on an independent dataset from the 19 September 2017 M 7.1 Pueblo earthquake in central Mexico using Google Earth imagery. To this end, we tested the network on 97 buildings including 10 demolished ones by feeding imagery and building footprints into the trained algorithm. The sensitivity for intact and demolished buildings was 89% and 60%, respectively.

Increasing Urban Heat Island area in Jakarta and it’s relation to land use changes

Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a phenomenon that occurs in almost all metropolitan cities in the world. The UHI phenomenon also occurs in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, a metropolitan city with an area of 662 km2, 12 million inhabitants, and an average population density of 16,000 per km2. Previous research shows the area of UHI, areas with temperatures> 300, in Jakarta in 1989 reached 84.53 km2 or 0.1 % of the total area. Based on these facts, the aim of this study is to identify changes in the area of UHI areas from 2008 to 2018 and their relation to land use changes. Temperature data used in this study are from Landsat satellite images in 2008, 2013 and 2018, while the land use data used are from National Geospatial Information Agency. Similar to the previous research, the operational definition of UHI used in this study is that UHI is the area with surface temperature > 300. The method used is spatial analysis and comparison method. The results showed that the area of UHI in Jakarta had increased. The areas of UHI Jakarta were 36.5%, 84.7%, and 85.2% of the total areas respectively in 2008, 2013 and 2018. The increases of UHI’s area were in line with the increases of the built areas that respectively 79.2%, 82.9% and 85.2%. Land use for housing, commercial and services, industry and warehousing and transportation facilities seem to be more significantly affecting the increases of UHI area rather other land uses.

Національна інфраструктура геопросторових даних України у світовому вимірі: стан та нагальні завдання розвитку і сталого функціонування

The purpose of this paper is to summarize world experience and trends in the development of geospatial data infrastructure (SDI) in developed countries, assess the state of formation of the national geospatial data infrastructure (NSDI) in Ukraine, identify key problems and tasks to ensure its sustainable development and functioning. Methodology. Monographic method for processing scientific publications, regulations, standards and other materials for the creation of NSDI. The assessment of the state of formation of the NSDI in Ukraine was made according to the indicators that were determined by the UN Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UN-GGIM). Results. The key principles, architecture and roles of producers, holders and users of data of three generations SDIs, observed in the evolution of SDIs in developed countries, are determined. Periodization of the main initiatives and projects in 1992–2020, concerning the formation of NSDI in Ukraine. The overall assessment of the state of NSDI in Ukraine according to UN-GGIM indicators at the time of the adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On National Geospatial Data Infrastructure” (2020) is 0.39, which corresponds to the rating of countries with a “geospatial gap”. The biggest challenges were identified in the areas of governance and institutional support, financial support, production and updating of data, ability and education, communication and partnership. The basic architecture, the composition of geoinformation services of the NSDI geoportals of Ukraine and the means of achieving interoperability of NSDI components based on the implementation of the national profile of geographic information standards harmonized with the international standards of the ISO 19100 series and the technical specifications of the Open Geospatial Consortium have been substantiated. Scientific novelty. Assessment of the state of formation of NSDI in Ukraine according to UN-GGIM indicators, substantiation of directions and technological models of ensuring interoperability of NSDI components taking into account the conditions of Ukraine. Practical significance. The key problems and urgent tasks of NSDI development in Ukraine are identified, the sequence of stages of its development is substantiated by the priority implementation of the basic network of infrastructure geoportals for access to existing geospatial data with the gradual provision of their interoperability and consistency based on the use of the unified set of basic geospatial data and the implementation of the national profile of geoinformation standards.

ABOUT CONSTRUCTION OF A UNIFIED INFORMATION ADDRESS SYSTEM OF UKRAINE

The problem of Address registers of settlements according to uniform rules and single a unified State information address system is acute on the agenda in the last decade. Addresses are a component of many cadasters and registers that have been created and operate in Ukraine today. The problem of creating the Unified Address system of Ukraine is exacerbated in the conditions of accelerated digital transformation of public relations. The analysis of recent research and publications allowed to characterize the state of creation of the Unified Address Register of Ukraine as unsatisfactory, revealed shortcomings and lack of a common vision of aspects of addressing issues. A new comprehensive solution to the problems of targeted issues is proposed - the construction of a single unified State information address system. Substantiated and presented common approaches, understandings, definitions, structure and relations of address data are the conceptual provisions of the construction of a single unified State information address system and the basis for the development, approval, adoption at the legislative level. The construction of a conceptual model of address data is based primarily on the internationally established specifications of address data used in Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE) and the National Geospatial Data Infrastructure of Ukraine. The address system is defined as an information system, that consists of a set of interacting four structural components: 1) addresses, 2) a single address register, 3) address points, 4) address electronic services. The address system performs the functions of identifying the object of addressing, identifying the location of objects of addressing, ensuring the interaction of registers, creating an information address resource of the state, mapping the object of addressing, providing search for the location of the object of addressing. The concept proposes to use the Geographical Identifier of real estate objects of the established structure and addresses, which creates conditions for joint processing of real estate data in geographic information systems and the introduction of a single address register.

The Geographic Availability of Certified Cleft Care in the United States: A National Geospatial Analysis of 1-Hour Access to Care

Children with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) require longitudinal multidisciplinary care. Travel distance to comprehensive cleft centers may be a barrier for some families. This study evaluated the geospatial availability of certified cleft teams across the United States. A geographic catchment area within a 1-hour travel radius of each American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association-certified cleft center was mapped using TravelTime distance matrix programming. The proportion of children located within each catchment area was calculated using county-level data from the National Kids Count Data Center, with aggregate estimates of patients with CLP based on state-level data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. One-hour access was compared across regions and based on urbanization data collected from the US Census. There were 182 American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association-certified centers identified. As per study estimates, 28,331 (27.3%) children with CLP did not live within 1-hour travel distance to any center. One-hour access was highest in the Northeast (84.2% of children, P<.001) and lowest in the South (65.7%) and higher in states with the greatest urbanization in comparison with more rural states (85.1 vs 37.4%, P<.001). Similar patterns were seen for access to 2 or more cleft centers. The number of CLP children-per-center was highest in the West (775) and lowest in the Northeast (452). Travel distances of more than 1hour may affect more than 25,000 (1 of 4) CLP children in the US, with significant variation across geographic regions. Future studies should seek to understand the impact of and provide strategies for overcoming geographic barriers.