NaCl Removal Research Articles

Three-Dimensional Stable Cation-Exchange Membrane with Enhanced Mechanical, Electrochemical, and Antibacterial Performance by in Situ Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles.

In this study, a simple and facile approach was proposed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded cation-exchange membranes (CEMs). A wide analytical study involving scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was accomplished to corroborate that the in situ generated AgNPs were uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix. In addition, as a result of the proposed synthesis strategy, the cross-linking structure inside the membrane was formed. The proper particle size and dispersibility of the AgNPs improved the mechanical properties of the membranes. Besides, the optimal AgNP-loaded CEM exhibited excellent bacterial killing activities against Gram-negative bacteria and showed a controlled improvement in the electrochemical performance of the prepared membranes. These effects were caused by the obtained distribution of AgNPs near ion-exchange groups that increased the aggregation of water molecules around them, improving the efficiency of ion transport due the formation of array broad ion-transport channels. The optimized CEM [sulfonated polysulfone (60SPSF)-C3#-Ag-2] exhibited an enhanced NaCl removal ratio of 67.5% with a high current efficiency (96.9%) and a low energy consumption (5.84 kWh kg–1). The distance of the inhibition zone from the boundary of the membrane of SPSF-C3#-Ag-2 reached 4.8 mm. These results led us to suggest that the proposed synthesis strategy may have potential applications in the field of antibacterial and desalting ion-exchange membranes.

Microcellular SiC foams containing in situ grown nanowires for electromagnetic interference shielding

Microcellular SiC foams (MSiCFs) are produced by thermal setting of dispersions of silicon and NaCl powders in molten sucrose-glycerol solutions in a mould followed by carbonization, NaCl removal and reaction bonding at 1500°C. The acidic silica layer on silicon particle surface catalyses the setting of the pastes by −OH condensation. The SiC nanowires grown in situ by a catalyst-free vapour–solid (VS) mechanism creates web-like architecture within the microcells (cell size −2 to 22μm) of the foams. The MSiCFs with porosity in the range of 86.8–91.1vol.% exhibit thermal conductivity and compressive strength in the ranges of 0.334–0.758Wm−1K−1 and 0.97–2.38MPa, respectively. The MSiCFs show excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding property in the X-band frequency region enhanced by the in situ grown SiC nanowires within microcells. The EMI shielding effectiveness (45.6dB) and specific shielding effectiveness (137dBg-1cm3) are the highest reported for SiC foams.

Facile fabrication of amphoteric semi-interpenetrating network ion-exchange membranes for electrodialysis applications

A series of amphoteric semi-interpenetrating polymer network ion-exchange membranes (AsIPN IEMs), composed of fluoro-methyl sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) (SPAEK) copolymer and in situ polymerized sulfobetaine acrylamide (SBMA), has been fabricated. In this work, the SPAEK serving as a linear polymer chain is expected to guarantee the ion conductivity and mechanical and dimensional stability, while polymerized SBMA with ion pairs can moderately narrow the ion channel reducing the anion transportation in AsIPN matrix via ionic cross-linkings. In particular, the thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates the presence of ionic cross-linking in AsIPN-X IEM matrix due to the degradation temperature of sulfonated groups shifting from ca. 350 to ca. 340 °C. In applications, electrodialysis (ED) with AsIPN-10 IEM shows the highest NaCl removal ratio of 89.6% within 110 min, outperforming 60SPAEK (83.5%) commercial CEM-Type-II (86.1%). These demonstrate AsIPN-10 IEM has the potential in rendering ED of improved performance for separation application.

A facile approach to fabricate composite anion exchange membranes with enhanced ionic conductivity and dimensional stability for electrodialysis

It is significant to develop anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with efficient ionic transport and desirable stabilities (mechanical and dimensional) for various applications, including electrodialysis (ED). In this paper, three types of composite AEMs based on quaternized polysulfone (QPSU) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blends: QPSU/PVA composite AEM (M0), potassium thioacetate (PT) modified QPSU blending with PVA (M1) and QPSU blending with 4-formylbenzoic acid (FBA) modified PVA (M2-X, X = mass ratio of the FBA with the values of 0.05 and 0.20), have been investigated. Our investigation demonstrates that the swelling ratios of M1 and M2-0.05 were significantly reduced to 10.9% and 4.7% at 20 °C, much lower than M0 (16.9%). This can be due to the formed hydrogen-bonding network viaOH from PVA and >CO from PT structure on PSU within M1 or the ionic crosslinking interactions between COO– from FBA and >N+– on QPSU within M2. Though the free volume inside AEM matrix is reduced, the chloride ion conductivities of M1 and M2-0.05 reach 20.5 mS cm−1 and 23.5 mS cm−1 at 20 °C. In ED application, the optimized M2-0.05 has the highest NaCl removal ratio of 74.6% within 120 min (vs. 61.06% of the commercial AEM-Type II), and exhibits better desalination performance with high current efficiency (98.0% vs.92.8%) and lower energy consumption (2.2 kWh kg−1 NaCl vs. 2.4 kWh kg−1). The simple preparation process and good ED performance of M2-0.05 are indicative of its potential ED application.

Membrane-Free Hybrid Capacitive Deionization System Based on Redox Reaction for High-Efficiency NaCl Removal.

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a promising technology for desalination due to its advantages of low driven energy and environmental friendliness. However, the ion removal capacity (IRC) of CDI is insufficient for practical application because such a capacity is limited by the available surface area of the carbon electrode for ion absorption. Thus, the development of a novel desalination technology with high IRC and low cost is vital. Here, a membrane-free hybrid capacitive deionization system (HCDI) with hollow carbon@MnO2 (HC@MnO2) to capture sodium via redox reaction and hollow carbon sphere with net positive surface charges (PHC) for chloride adsorption is introduced. The as-obtained HC@MnO2 with unique structure and high conductivity can improve the utilization of MnO2 pseudocapacitive electrodes. Meanwhile, the PHC can selectively adsorb Cl- and prevent the adsorption of Na+ due to electrostatic repulsion. As expected, the membrane-free HCDI system demonstrates excellent desalination performance. The system's IRC and maximum removal rate are 30.7 mg g-1 and 7.8 mg g-1 min-1, respectively. Moreover, the proposed system has a low cost because of the absence of expensive ion exchange membranes (IEM), which is suitable for practical application. The excellent performance of this HCDI makes it a promising desalination technology for future use.

Effect of functionality of cross-linker on sulphonated polysulfone cation exchange membranes for electrodialysis

Exploring a desirable cross-linker applied in cation exchange membranes (CEMs) to improve dimensional stability as well as electrochemical performance has a great signifcance for the current membrane science and technology. In this investigation, a sequence of crosslinked sulphonated polysulfone (SPSF) CEMs has been prepared to explore the influence of the crosslinking functionality on the dimensional stability and electrodialysis (ED) performance of modified membranes. Different cross-linker structures were obtained according to the cross-linker agent content added during the synthesis route. As expected, the membrane surface became smoother with increasing cross-linker content, presumably as result of the denser structure established. The dimension stability increases according to the crosslinking degree applied, whereas the permselectivity of membranes depends on the conjunction of many important and interlinked factors, including the formation of narrow ion transport channels and the variations in the exchanges sites concentration. It was observed that the optimized CEM (60SPSF-C2#) showed the highest NaCl removal ratio (91.7%) during the desalination experiments and exhibited the higher current efficiency (95.7%) and lowest energy consumption (6.55 kWh kg−1). These results suggest the formation of the optimum three-dimensional network configuration for the membrane structure determined by the functionality of cross-liker selected in this investigation.

Pyridinic-N Protected Synthesis of 3D Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon with Increased Mesoporous Defects for Oxygen Reduction.

Nitrogen (N)-doped carbons are potential nonprecious metal catalysts to replace Pt for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Pyridinic-N-C is believed to be the most active N group for catalyzing ORR. In this work, using zinc phthalocyanine as a precursor effectively overcomes the serious loss of pyridinic-N, which is commonly regarded as the biggest obstacle to catalytic performance enhancement upon adopting a second pyrolysis process, for the preparation of a 3D porous N-doped carbon framework (NDCF). The results show only ≈14% loss in pyridinic-N proportion in the Zn-containing sample during the second pyrolysis process. In comparison, a loss of ≈72% pyridinic-N occurs for the non-Zn counterpart. The high pyridinic-N proportion, the porous carbon framework produced upon NaCl removal, and the increased mesoporous defects in the second pyrolysis process make the as-prepared catalyst an excellent electrocatalyst for ORR, exhibiting a half-wave potential (E1/2 = 0.88 V) up to 33 mV superior to state-of-the-art Pt/C and high four-electron selectivity (n > 3.83) in alkaline solution, which is among the best ORR activities reported for N-doped carbon catalysts. Furthermore, only ≈18 mV degradation in E1/2 occurs after an 8000 cycles' accelerating stability test, manifesting the outstanding stability of the as-prepared catalyst.

PEEK Physical Surface Modification: Evaluation Of Particles Leaching Process

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been prominent in orthopedic implants; however, it is inert, preventing interaction between the implant and adjacent bone tissues. One way to overcome this characteristic is physical modification its on surface by particle leaching promoting greater osseointegration. The objective of this research was to develop and characterize the PEEK using a surface modification technique via particle leaching. For of the samples, a layer deposition of NaCl was used on PEEK. This was subjected to the pressure of 850 kg/cm2 by 390oC for 20 minutes. After cooling, were subjected to leaching process particles. The results indicated a porous surface exhibiting uniform and homogeneous morphology with defined pores interconected, to in the range of 140-373 µm, with an average diameter of 273 µm. These evidenced the considerable NaCl removal after the leaching process, with cavities from ideal sizes which promotes adequate cellular accommodation and distinct roughness, giving an overall possibility of being able to obtain a material more able to receive the cells while also possibly presenting cell viability. Although the compressive strength presented low values, it can still be suitable for applications in areas with a reduced modulus of elasticity.

Long-side-chain type imidazolium-functionalized fluoro-methyl poly(arylene ether ketone) anion exchange membranes with superior electrodialysis performance

Developing highly ion conductive and desirable electrodialysis (ED) performance anion exchange membranes (AEMs) is of great significance. In this work, we report a strategy for fabricating novel AEMs based on a series of fluoro-methyl poly(arylene ether ketone)s having long-side-chain imidazolium groups for ED. Having hydrophilic conductive flexible side-chain imidazolium groups and rigid hydrophobic backbone within AEM matrix, the optimized AEM (PAEK-60-im) shows low water uptake of 24.9% at 80 °C and desirable ion conductivity of 22.01 mS cm–1 at 30 °C. In NaCl removal application of ED, PAEK-60-im shows the NaCl removal ratio of 69.66% within 120 min, outperforming commercial AEM-Type II (68.98%). Accordingly, it has a higher current efficiency of 83.7% but lower energy consumption of 5.9 kWh kg–1, compared with the commercial one (82.0%; 6.6 kWh kg–1). In particular, in selectrodialysis application, possibly owing to the synergistic effect of pore-size sieving effect resulting from macro-separation morphology and hydration energy difference of SO42– ions (–1000 kJ mol–1) and Cl– ions (–317 kJ mol–1) in feeding solution, PAEK-60-im shows significantly superior monovalent anion perm-selectivity (Cl−/SO42−) of 7.70 at 30 min, relative to commercial anion-selective Neosepta ACS (5.27) and many other reported mono-valent anion selective AEMs having elegant surface modified layers. The superior ED performance of the homogeneous PAEK-60-im is suggestive of its potential separation application.

Highly conductive anion exchange membranes with low water uptake and performance evaluation in electrodialysis

The present work reports the preparation of a series of novel highly durable imidazolium-decorated anion exchange membranes (AEMs), with 3D network structure, via ultraviolet crosslinking reaction between 1-vinylimidazole and 1,6-hexanedithiol. AEM modified with trimethylamine (TMA) groups (no crosslinking, 45.7%) showed a significantly reduced water uptake within a range of 14.4–23.6% at 80 °C. Due to relatively good alkali-resistant of imidazolium groups and the compact structure stemmed from crosslinking network, the optimum cross-linked AEM (BPPO-Im 0.3) can retard the degradation and exhibits superior alkaline stability in 1.0 M NaOH at 60 °C for over 15 days, compared with TMA modified AEM. In ED application, BPPO-Im 0.3 AEM has a higher NaCl removal ratio of 77.82% than that of commercial AEM-Type II (74.13%) within 3 h experimental time. Accordingly, it shows higher current efficiency (67.43%) and lower energy consumption (1.94 kWh kg−1 NaCl), compared to commercial one (62.83%; 2.05 kWh kg−1). The facile fabrication process and the better-performance are suggestive of that BPPO-Im 0.3 is potentially applicable in ED.

Influence of NaCl Concentration on Food-Waste Biochar Structure and Templating Effects

Food-waste-derived biochar structures obtained through pyrolysis and with different NaCl concentrations were investigated. Increased NaCl concentration in the samples inhibited cellulose and lignin decomposition, ultimately increasing the biochar yield by 2.7% for 20%-NaCl concentration. NaCl added in solution state exhibited templating effects, with maximum increases in the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and pore volume of 1.23 to 3.50 m2∙g−1 and 0.002 to 0.007 cm3∙g−1, respectively, after washing. Adding a high concentration (20%) of NaCl reduced the BET surface area. In contrast, the mean pore diameter increased owing to the increased NaCl clustering area. Increased NaCl clustering with increased added NaCl was shown to have positive effects on NaCl removal by washing. Furthermore, as the NaCl adhered to the KCl scattered in the food waste, a high NaCl concentration also had positive effects on KCl removal. This study reports on an investigation on the effects of varying NaCl concentrations injected in solution form on the structure of food-waste biochar during pyrolysis. The templating effect was considered using both added NaCl and NaCl already contained in the food waste, with implementation of a desalination process essential for food-waste treatment for recycling.

Low-density microcellular carbon foams from sucrose by NaCl particle templating using glycerol as a plasticizing additive

Carbon-NaCl composites with high NaCl loading (83.3 to 92.2wt%) were prepared by setting molten sucrose-NaCl-glycerol pastes in a stainless steel mold at 160°C. The carbonization of the composites followed by NaCl removal by washing with water produced low-density microcellular carbon foams. The setting of the paste was due to the caramelization of molten sucrose as well as the slow evaporation of glycerol. The carbon-NaCl composites had the adequate compressive strength (6.9 to 17.8MPa) and ductility for machining using conventional machine tools. Machining of the carbon-NaCl composites followed by NaCl removal was used as a strategy to produce low-density carbon foams with desired contours. The glycerol not only decreased the density of carbon foams produced from the sucrose-NaCl system but also produced a remarkable change in the foam microstructure from a combination of macropores and microcells to only microcells of sizes predominantly in the range of 3 to 6μm. Carbon foams prepared at NaCl to sucrose weight ratios in the range of 1.5 to 3 show density, compressive strength, thermal conductivity and EMI shielding effectiveness in the ranges of 0.096 to 0.214g/cm3, 0.60 to 4.83MPa, 0.087 to 0.235Wm−1K−1 and 24.7 to 41.7dB, respectively.

Porous ceramics with a duplex pore structure by compression molding of alumina-NaCl paste in molten sucrose

Abstract Alumina-NaCl pastes in molten sucrose were prepared by hot blending of alumina-NaCl-sucrose mixtures at a fixed alumina powder to sucrose weight ratio of 1:1 and NaCl to alumina powder weight ratios in the range of 0.6–1. The pastes compression molded at 160 °C for 2 h set due to the caramelization of the molten sucrose. The NaCl and alumina catalyzed the caramelization of molten sucrose as evidenced from the torque-time measurements. The compression molded bodies on carbonization followed by salt removal by leaching with water, carbon burnout and sintering produced porous alumina ceramics with a duplex pore structure. The carbon produced from the sucrose effectively bound the alumina particles which prevented the disintegration of the green body during NaCl removal. Macropores (48–71 µm) were created by the water vapour produced by –OH condensation during setting by caramelization and the microcells (0.7–8 µm) were formed by the removal of NaCl templates. The porosity of the alumina ceramics increased from 59 to 71 vol% whereas the compressive strength decreased from 59.2 to 11.7 MPa when the NaCl to alumina powder weight ratio increased from 0.6 to 1.

Composite Membranes Containing Nanoparticles of Inorganic Ion Exchangers for Electrodialytic Desalination of Glycerol

Composite membranes were obtained by modification of heterogeneous polymer cation and anion-exchange membranes with nanoparticles of zirconium hydrophosphate and hydrated zirconium dioxide, respectively. The ion-exchange materials were investigated with the methods of electron microscopy, potentiometry, voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy. Single nanoparticles, which were precipitated in aqueous media, form aggregates, when the composites are in a contact with polar organic solvent. Both single nanoparticles (up to 10 nm) and their aggregates (up to 200 nm) were precipitated in ion-exchange polymers in glycerol media. Non-aggregated nanoparticles improve electrical conductivity of the ion-exchange materials, the aggregates are barriers against fouling. The membranes were applied to NaCl removal from highly concentrated glycerine-water mixture containing organic additives (byproduct of biodiesel production). As opposite to pristine materials, the composites demonstrate stability against fouling.

A novel UV-crosslinked sulphonated polysulfone cation exchange membrane with improved dimensional stability for electrodialysis

To improve the dimensional stability of electrodialysis membranes, a series of crosslinked sulphonated polysulfone cation exchange membranes with different degrees of sulfonation were prepared by a simple and low energy consumption method, namely UV-crosslinking. The crosslinking reaction was performed by UV irradiation and using 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide (TPO) as photoinitiator and trimethylolpropane tri-acrylate (TMPTA) as crosslinker. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) results showed that crosslinking leads to a denser and smoother surface. Compared with the swelling and water uptake results of pristine membranes, the crosslinked membranes exhibited an enhanced dimensional stability, especially at higher temperature (40–70°C). The thermogravimetric analysis and measurement of mechanical properties indicated that the crosslinked membrane has better mechanical and thermal properties. The electrochemical properties were analyzed, and the membrane after crosslinking showed a better ion permselectivity. When applied in electrodialysis and compared to the commercial membrane with a NaCl removal ratio of 75.6%, the crosslinked membranes showed a more efficient performance (NaCl removal ratio=89.1% for SPSU-60). These improvements showed that the crosslinked membranes can be promising candidates for high-temperature and industrial application.

Carbon foams with a triplex pore structure by compression molding of molten sucrose–NaCl powder pastes

A compression molding process for the preparation of carbon foams with a triplex pore structure has been studied. The pastes with moldable consistency, prepared by hot-blending of sucrose-NaCl powder mixtures of NaCl to sucrose weight ratios in the range of 0.7–1.2, set into solid bodies due to the caramelization of molten sucrose during the hot pressing. The caramelization in presence of NaCl results in carbon-enriched polymeric structure due to the enhanced α-elimination reactions along with the OH condensation as evidenced from torque-time measurements, IR, TGA and elemental analysis. The pyrolysis of compression molded bodies, followed by NaCl removal and further heat treatment results in carbon foams with a hierarchical triplex pore structure. The shrinkage during carbonization (28.5–24.2 vol%) and density (0.26–0.33 g/cm3), compressive strength (2.84–8.37 MPa), Young's modulus (170–370 MPa) and thermal conductivity (0.348–0.257 W/m.K) of the carbon foams depend on the NaCl to sucrose weight ratio. The carbon foams have a high specific surface area of ∼400 m2/g and a combination of macropores (414–70 μm), microcells (2–12 μm) and micropore texture.

Capacitive deionization (CDI) for desalisation using carbon aerogel electrodes

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an electrochemical water treatment process that holds the promise of not only being a commercially viable alternative for treating water but for saving energy as well. Carbon aerogel electrodes for CDI process with high specific surface area (779.04 m2/g) and nano-pore (2-90 nm) have been prepared via pyrolyzing RF organic aerogel at 800oC in nitrogen atmosphere. The CDI characteristics of carbon aerogel electrodes were investigated for the NaCl absorption into a CDI cell at variation conditions. Experiments data showed that the maximum NaCl removal capacity was 21.41 mg/g in 500 mg/L NaCl solution, higher than for other carbon-based materials in the literature. It was evaluated that the CDI process using carbon aerogel electrodes promising to be an effective technology for desalination.

Potential of anthracite, dolomite, limestone and pozzolan as reactive media for de-icing salt removal from road runoff

De-icing salt (NaCl) application is a common practice during winter road maintenance in northern countries, compromising ecosystem services. Ecoengineering facilities, including reactive filter beds, are becoming an effective strategy for road runoff management. Different materials (anthracite coal, dolomite, limestone, and pozzolan) were tested as reactive media of filter beds. Characterization showed that dolomite has the best physical properties (resistance to fragmentation, porosity) for filter bed construction and maintenance, followed by limestone. NaCl removal efficiency was investigated in batch at different concentrations (150–5000 mg L−1 Cl). Removal efficiency substantially varied depending on the element (Cl or Na), the material, and the added NaCl concentration. At the lowest NaCl concentration, Cl removal was higher onto anthracite (48 %) and dolomite (59 %); but greater Na removal was reached onto limestone (54 %) and pozzolan (67 %). At higher concentrations, Cl removal was similar (anthracite), decreased (dolomite), or increased (limestone, pozzolan); and Na removal increased (anthracite) or decreased (dolomite, limestone, pozzolan). Parallel experiments at 4 °C showed lower NaCl removal, anthracite being the most efficient. Practical applicability was evaluated in columns using synthetic runoff solution (NaCl and metals). NaCl removal efficiency was much lower in column assays with respect to batch. The highest NaCl removal was reached onto dolomite, followed by limestone. Metals were successfully removed, generally remaining over time in a wide range (41–89 % Cd, 78–97 % Ni, 44–88 % Cu, and 3–83 % Zn) depending on the material, being pozzolan the least efficient. Further studies including a combination of materials would be of high interest.

Phytodesalinization potential of Typha angustifolia, Juncus maritimus, and Eleocharis palustris for removal of de-icing salts from runoff water.

Typha angustifolia, Juncus maritimus, and Eleocharis palustris were evaluated for de-icing salt removal from runoff water. Plants were exposed to a range of de-icing salt levels (0.2, 0.7, 4, 8, and 13dSm(-1)) in laboratory-scale subsurface constructed wetlands (CWs) for 2months under greenhouse conditions. Effluent characteristics, plant height, biomass, and Cl and Na removal rates and uptake were monitored. More water volume was retained in CWs of T. angustifolia (∼60%) than of J. maritimus and E. palustris (∼37.5%), which accounted for the electrical conductivity increase in effluents (1.3-1.9-fold). Based on the NaCl removal rate, T. angustifolia showed the greatest phytodesalinization ability (31-60%) with the highest removal at the lowest salt levels (0.2-0.7dSm(-1)), followed by J. maritimus (22-36%) without differences in removal among levels, and E. palustris (3-26%) presenting a removal rate highly decreased with increasing salt levels. Plant height and biomass were stimulated at low de-icing salt levels, but, at higher levels, T. angustifolia and E. palustris growth was inhibited (tolerance index ∼67 and 10%, respectively, in the worst cases). Salt amounts in aboveground biomass in gm(-2) differed among levels and ranged as follows: 13.6-29.1 (Cl), 4.2-9.3 (Na; T. angustifolia); 7.0-12.0 (Cl), 2.7-6.4 (Na; J. maritimus); and 0.9-7.6 (Cl), 0.3-1.6 (Na; E. palustris). Chloride and Na translocation decreased with de-icing salt increase in T. angustifolia, while no significant differences were found in J. maritimus, which is interesting for harvesting purposes.

Design of Anion Exchange Membranes and Electrodialysis Studies for Water Desalination.

Anion exchange membranes are highly versatile and nowadays have many applications, ranging from water treatment to sensing materials. The preparation of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) from brominated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,6-phenylene oxide) (BPPO) and methyl(diphenyl)phosphine (MDPP) for electrodialysis was performed. The physiochemical properties and electrochemical performance of fabricated membranes can be measured by changing MDPP contents in the membrane matrix. The influence of a quaternary phosphonium group associated with the removal of NaCl from water is discussed. The prepared membranes have ion exchange capacities (IEC) 1.09–1.52 mmol/g, water uptake (WR) 17.14%–21.77%, linear expansion ratio (LER) 7.96%–11.86%, tensile strength (TS) 16.66–23.97 MPa and elongation at break (Eb) 485.57%–647.98%. The prepared anion exchange membranes were employed for the electrodialytic removal of 0.1 M NaCl aqueous solution at a constant applied voltage. It is found that the reported membranes could be the promising candidate for NaCl removal via electrodialysis.