Year-end Sale % OFF 
Abstract
Composite membranes were obtained by modification of heterogeneous polymer cation and anion-exchange membranes with nanoparticles of zirconium hydrophosphate and hydrated zirconium dioxide, respectively. The ion-exchange materials were investigated with the methods of electron microscopy, potentiometry, voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy. Single nanoparticles, which were precipitated in aqueous media, form aggregates, when the composites are in a contact with polar organic solvent. Both single nanoparticles (up to 10 nm) and their aggregates (up to 200 nm) were precipitated in ion-exchange polymers in glycerol media. Non-aggregated nanoparticles improve electrical conductivity of the ion-exchange materials, the aggregates are barriers against fouling. The membranes were applied to NaCl removal from highly concentrated glycerine-water mixture containing organic additives (byproduct of biodiesel production). As opposite to pristine materials, the composites demonstrate stability against fouling.
Highlights
Electrodialysis is applied as a solution of different problems: water treatment and water conditioning [1], removal of toxic ionic components from ground water [2–4] or preparation of water from liquid wastes of dairy industry for washing of equipment [5], processing of reverse osmosis concentrate [6], or secondary wastes after sorbent regeneration [7], desalination of protein concentrate [8], production of organic acids [9], and many other practical tasks
Very important practical problem is processing of nonaqueous solutions, for instance, glycerol, which is formed as a byproduct during biodiesel production [10]
As shown, the nanoparticles are aggregated in ion exchangers during their treatment with glycerol
Summary
Electrodialysis is applied as a solution of different problems: water treatment and water conditioning [1], removal of toxic ionic components from ground water [2–4] or preparation of water from liquid wastes of dairy industry for washing of equipment [5], processing of reverse osmosis concentrate [6], or secondary wastes after sorbent regeneration [7], desalination of protein concentrate [8], production of organic acids [9], and many other practical tasks. Very important practical problem is processing of nonaqueous solutions, for instance, glycerol, which is formed as a byproduct during biodiesel production [10]. Glycerol can be further used for synthesis of dihydroxyacetone, succinic, propionic, citric acid, pigments, etc. [11], for production of synthetic gas [12] and even as fuel [13]. Preliminary deep desalination is necessary since glycerol produced by this manner contains high amount of mineral components (mainly NaCl).
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
