Mutual Sympathy Research Articles

국제문화행사 유치를 위한 콘텐츠 구성 전략 연구

The purpose of a general event is to set a specific goal according to the intention or personality to provide new information to the gathered people or to convey the meaning to induce the reaction.,In this regard, international cultural events are held with the aim of creating an opportunity to enhance the image of the nation through artistic activities and cultural heritage that take advantage of the cultural characteristics of each country.,This is expressed in performances, exhibitions, festivals, etc., through which cultural originality is conveyed to the public and the national status is enhanced. In order to make such a global festival in Korea, it is necessary to analyze the problems of local festivals and various events held every year and try to find improvement directions. In particular, local festivals can be seen in the living environment of local residents based on the history and tradition of the region alone, and they can feel cultural differentiation and originality.,The event is also developing in the direction of finding empathic elements through mutual sympathy based on various contents.,Based on the purpose and direction of these festivals and events, plans for attracting international cultural events should be established and creative contents should be developed to find effective approaches.,In addition, by analyzing the characteristics of famous foreign festivals and comparing them with Korean festivals, it will be a goal of the global cultural industry to form distinctive themes that can communicate with each other. To this end, a new interpretation of the scarcity and legitimacy of traditional culture in line with the ideology and flow of modern society will be the first step toward globalization, which requires a focus on the development of our own unique complex media content.,In addition, as a way to reduce the culturally marginalized class, it is necessary to have a linkage program and various public relations and marketing strategies that anyone can easily access and enjoy a happy life. Now, we have formed a new cultural taste called Hallyu around the world, and based on this, we need to solidify the image of a cultural powerhouse.,When we complement each other’s shortcomings with various connections through appropriate convergence of online and offline, we can maximize growth and expect the development of mature culture and arts.

Оценочные приоритеты в языковом сознании современных российских студентов

The article deals with the value preferences of modern Russian students on the material of surveys in several Russian universities. 250 people were interviewed. The informants were asked the following questions: Which behavioral flaw do your friends consider to be the most forgivable and the most unforgivable? What do they see as the main virtue in behavior of their peers? What in the behavior of the older generation in your friends’ view seems strange and unpleasant? It is found that students' evaluative priorities generally correspond to the communicative values of Russian linguoculture (openness, sincerity, benevolence) and the priorities of youth worldview (emotionality, spontaneity, independence). At the same time, we can see the peculiarities of modern attitudes to communication in the respondents' answers: acute rejection of communicative pressure and orientation to the expressed approval of one's attitude to the world by other people. To a certain extent, these features are conditioned by the norms and usus of network communication, which is the leading type of personal interactions of modern youth and in which the expression of mutual sympathy in the form of signs of approval dominates. The value picture of the world promoted by network discourse is a reduced worldview of people living in a constructed comfortable reality. Regrettably, many informants regard the usage of obscene words in friendly talk as acceptable mode of communication. The emphasis on tactfulness in communication as a necessary condition of communication can be explained by the norms of behavior in higher education, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, by the gender specificity of informants (girls are known to predominate among the surveyed students of philology).

An insurmountable obstacle: Experiences of Chinese women undergoing in vitro fertilization.

This study aimed to explore the perceptions of women who have undergone unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, and to explore how treatment failure has impacted their lives and relationships, thereby enabling the public to understand the unique experiences of these women. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with purposive sampling used to recruit participants from the gynecological department of a traditional Chinese medicine clinic at a large tertiary hospital in Zhejiang province. Twelve women undergoing IVF treatment was involved in the study. Data were collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed verbatim. Conventional content analysis methods were used to analyze the data. Following analysis, three main categories emerged: 1) The Psychological Experience of Initial Miscarriage from IVF Treatment, 2) The Psychological Experience of Repeated Treatment Failure, and 3) Interpersonal experiences and challenges. Women experiencing initial failure from IVF treatment reported emotions such as surprise, doubt, sadness, disappointment, and embarrassment. They perceived the process as harder than expected, leading to unexpected daily life challenges and difficulties in achieving success. As unsuccessful attempts persisted, they endured psychological suffering and lived in the shadow of repeated treatment failures. Doubts, perplexity, and anxiety grew, making reproduction seem like an insurmountable obstacle in their lives. In their interpersonal experience, women often felt guilt toward family, faced social isolation, and found it challenging to discuss IVF openly everywhere. They encountered a lack of understanding from others but also found mutual sympathy and support among people who shared similar experiences. The study provided an insight into the suffering of Chinese women undergoing IVF treatment, highlighting the challenges of overcoming treatment failures. The findings not only inform Chinese infertile women considering IVF treatment but also contribute to the development of more effective support services by healthcare providers.

애덤 스미스의 공감, 정의, ‘스미스 문제’ 해결 논리 및 공공선택학에 주는 함의

As a variant of Political Economy deriving from Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations(WN), Public Choice students need to add Theory of Moral Sentiment to recognize true meaning of Homo Economicus, which the discipline stands on. This article focuses on four points regarding this project. First, the meaning of Sympathy by Smith was extracted from TMS. Second, logic of Smith’s Justice theory were analyzed, Third, some persuasive explanations were tried to solve so-called ‘Das Adam Smith Problem’ between TMS and WN. Fourth, relations of TMS to Public Choice was suggested, in the context of both concord and discord. Results of this article reveal some implications as follows. First, Smithian TMS logic emerged without any transcendental components like absolute reason or revelation by god, which serves to more acceptability to ordinary individuals. Second, ‘Impartial Spectator’ plays vital role to induce more objective judgements from subjective judgements of any individuals. Without it, moral sentiments are not to form mutual sympathy. Third, situations is restricted in which sympathy can lead to social stability. Therefore, force by politics, institutions, and law is more common where sympathy is hard to emerge. Public Choice is a set of knowledge to deal with those situations(‘organizational order’, by Hayek) lacking sympathy. Fourth, even so, organizational order requires to secure sympathy of the individuals being governed, at least in long-term basis, suggesting sympathy is still important, both in the world of spontaneous and organizational order.

معاشرتی استحکام کےلیے منتخب آیاتِ احکام کی افادیت کا جائزہ

Abstract A Muslim experiences many positive impacts on his life by following the Qurānic Verses and Aḥādiths of rulings and jurisprudential details obtained from both. Following the verses of rulings protect the objectives of Shariah, including one's faith, life, property, honour, and breed. A Muslim is characterised by external and internal purification, modesty, justice, equality, and a sense of responsibility by following a practical version of these verses and Sunnah. The contemporary world enforces strict laws and implements litigation to bring humanity under one system. Thus, implementing any kind of power and strong litigation fails in bringing any uniformity in Namāz (Prayer), Roza (Fasting), paying of zakāt, and performing Hajh of a Muslim and is incapable of presenting any practical form of unity, equality, sacrifice, sense of responsibility and mutual sympathy. However, a Muslim following the above-mentioned system does not require any force, power, litigation, or mental pressure to pursue. Rather, verses of rulings are such an exquisite system guided by Allah Almighty, which has so effectively trained Muslims that they, while being part of this practical organization, not only obtain the relief and solace of heart but also feel spiritual refinement.

John Huxtable Elliott (1930–2022)

John Huxtable Elliott (1930–2022)

DOES FRIENDSHIP STEM FROM ALTRUISM? ADAM SMITH AND THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN LOVE-BASED AND INTEREST-BASED PREFERENCES

Friendship-and-love expresses musings about well-being—while the object of the musings, i.e., “well-being,” is the economist’s substantive satisfaction. Insofar as altruism is about well-being and not the musings, it cannot be subsumed under friendship-and-love. However, what is the basis of the difference between the economist’s substantive satisfaction and friendship-and-love? The answer can be found in Adam Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments, chapter 2: how “mutual sympathy” differs from substantive satisfaction. Smith scholars generally miss the uniqueness of “mutual sympathy” and, indeed, fold it under Smith’s “sympathy” (and “empathy”)—with one exception. Robert Sugden highlights the uniqueness of mutual sympathy. However, he goes to the other end, that is, he folds Smith’s sympathy-and-empathy under mutual sympathy. This paper aims to avoid the folding in either direction. Indeed, it argues that each fellow-feeling deals with a question that is orthogonal to the other. Mutual sympathy originates love-based sociality (friendship-and-love), which can be juxtaposed to interest-based sociality, i.e., substantive satisfaction, such as altruism. These genera of sociality are about the nature of satisfaction or preferences, and hence in contrast to sympathy-and-empathy that are basically about judgments. As judgments, sympathy-and-empathy are ultimately about the nature of decision making, irrespective of whether the decisions concerning love-based or interest-based preferences.

„De Stefanuskroon niet Habsburgsch”

Following the election of Miklós Horthy as Regent and the dethronement of Charles IV, a special public law situation developed in Hungary, during which the state form of the country remained, in fact, but no one had become authorized to occupy the Hungarian royal throne. The fact that a kingdom existed without a monarch in the heart of contemporary Europe served as an almost constant topic for the political and gossip columns of the domestic and international press, and also earned itself a prominent place among the conversation topics in the rather extensive network of European aristocracy. The importance of the Hungarian problem in the post-‘Great War’ period was also indicated by the lively interest taken by the diplomatic corps of some countries of the continent. Of course, many organizations and individuals tried to win their own ideas in the chaotic situation after the Trianon Treaty and get the Hungarian crown for their candidate or for themselves. This study attempts to introduce the Dutch press narratives in connection with the Hungarian ‘royal question’ between 1919 and 1921. During these years because of the fragile post-war Hungarian internal political situation this problem was at its most acute, and when most of the „candidates” and self-candidates for the Hungarian throne emerged. The paper also looks at the background to some of the motivations behind the candidates and how the news was spread in the international press of the time. The issue raised is of particular interest for the Hungarian-Dutch relations for two reasons. On one hand, there was a fundamental mutual sympathy between the two countries during this period. On the other hand, both countries were monarchies at the time, the public perception of a monarchical state about the predicament of another country with a similar form of government can tell us a lot about the public opinion of the time.

"My sympathetic clinician": perception of sympathy by patients with Alzheimer's disease increases when asked to provide autobiographical memories.

Autobiographical memory serves to recall past personal experiences and share them with others, promoting social bonding and communication. In this study, we investigated whether encouraging patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) to share autobiographical memories during formal neuropsychological testing may boost the patient-clinician relationship, and more specifically, the neuropsychologist's level of sympathy as perceived by patients. We invited patients with mild AD to perform neuropsychological testing in two conditions. In one condition, we invited patients to retrieve and share two autobiographical memories after testing, while in a control condition, the testing session ended without asking patients to retrieve and share any autobiographical memories. After the two conditions, patients were invited to rate the neuropsychologist's level of sympathy towards them. Analysis demonstrated that patients perceived a higher level of sympathy when their neuropsychologist invited them to retrieve and share past personal experiences. By inviting patients with AD to retrieve past personal experiences, clinicians can promote a sense of sharing, create a social bond and, consequently, enhance the therapeutic relationship. In other words, by inviting patients with AD to share autobiographical memories, clinicians can promote a "social glue" with their patients, boosting mutual sympathy and patients' well-being.

Между добрососедством и образом «любимого врага»: отношения между Беларусью и Польшей с точки зрения «понимающей социологии» (2014–2021)

The article examines various aspects of the Belarusian-Polish relations through M. Weber’s «understanding sociology». Relying on it, social actions with subjective meaning (value-based and rational as well as emotional) committed by the state institutions of Belarus and Poland from 2014 to 2021 are analyzed. There are two stages in this period. The first stage (2014 – mid-2020) is positive, marked by good neighbourly relations. The second stage (second half of 2020–2021) is characterised by hostility (hybrid war): Warsaw doubts the legitimacy of the presidential elections in Belarus, supports the Belarusian opposition, official Minsk accuses the Polish leadership of initiating sanctions and information attacks. The basis of this hostility is various value orientations and civilizational choices that determine the political practices of the authorities of the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Poland. Tensions in relations were also caused by accusations of leaders of the Polish national minority of extremism by the leadership of Belarus, as well as different interpretations of historical events and personalities that are sensitive for Belarus and Poland. Based on sociological empiricism, the perception of each other by Belarusians and Poles is studied. It is noted that, despite the state of cold war between the official structures of Belarus and Poland, mutual sympathy is growing among the people of both states. It is argued that in case of an redesigning of power in Belarus, economic interests, cultural values, interests in the security sector, the state of public opinion will make it possible to quickly transfer Belarusian-Polish relations to the plane of pragmatism and utilitarian (mutually beneficial) agreements.

Turkey and NATO: the Biden’s Factor. Part 2: Afghanistan

The first part of the article examined the reasons for the deterioration of relations between Turkey and its Western partners, the European Union and the United States, which has progressed over the past four years. According to the author, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan managed to avoid aggravation of conflict situations fraught with the possibility of their solutions, including by force (for example, in the confrontation between Ankara and Nicosia and Athens). All this largely thanks to his personal relationship with the then US President Donald Trump. A priori, the arrival of Joseph Biden to the White House promised little to Erdogan and the prospects for the development of US – Turkish relations in general. In the second part of the article, the author focuses on the attempts, first of all, by the Turkish leader to normalize his country's relations with the United States and the EU – in the absence of the former factor of mutual personal sympathy between him and the head of the White House (under Trump). Erdogan made the main stake on demonstrating the usefulness of Turkey as a NATO member. The calculation partially justified itself against the background of the growing and aggravated problem of Afghanistan due to the accelerated (by August 31) withdrawal of US and NATO troops from there.

Smithian sympathy and the emergence of norms

AbstractAdam Smith's impartial spectator and David Hume's general point of view have much in common, as do their moral theories more generally. However, this paper argues that a distinctive feature of Smith's theory—the pleasure of mutual sympathy—allows Smith to better explain a number of important features of norms. In particular, it provides Smith with a more plausible mechanism for explaining how norms emerge, and offers him a richer set of resources for explaining both why we are attracted to norms and why norms are often characterized by local similarity and global diversity. Rather than merely being a matter of historical interest, though, this paper argues that this aspect of Smith's theory warrants attention from contemporary social scientists interested in the nature of norms, as well as from philosophers interested in how we might look to our sentiments to ground our normative practices.

Hume's General Point of View, Smith's Impartial Spectator, and the Moral Value of Interacting with Outsiders

Here is an appealing position: one reason to pursue interaction with people from backgrounds that differ from our own is that doing so can improve our moral judgment. As some scholars have noticed, this position seems pedigreed by support from the famed philosophers of human sociability, David Hume and Adam Smith. But regardless of whether Hume or Smith personally held anything like the appealing position, neither might have had theoretically grounded reason to do so. In fact, both philosophers explain moral judgment in ways that seem to present obstacles to the acceptance of the appealing position. This paper entertains the possibility that either of their moral theories contains resources to overcome these obstacles and implies the appealing position. I argue that Smith's theory does so more straightforwardly than Hume's does. This difference, I also argue, reveals something important about the Hume-Smith philosophical relationship. I close by sketching a way to fit the source of the appealing position in Smith's moral psychology with his focus on the desire for mutual sympathy.

텍스트 마이닝을 활용한 해양치유정책 프레임 구조 분석: 언론과 학술논문 비교·분석

초록·키워드 목차 오류제보하기 With the enactment and enforcement of laws on the management and utilization of marine healing resources, interest in marine healing policies has increased. However, each individual"s understanding and interpretation of new policies may differ depending on the forum for discussion or the passage of time. Therefore, this study analyzed the structural differences in perception through interpretation and comparative analysis of issues regarding marine healing policies in the press and academic journal articles. As a result of the study, first, the articles frequently showed conceptual frames such as marine resources and use and utilization, while the press frequently showed concrete frames such as Wando-gun and projects. Second, the articles frequently showed effect frames such as conflict healing, influence, and mutual sympathy, while the press frequently showed project frames such as project, development and region. Third, over time, the agenda frames in the articles shifted to resources, policy and residents while those in the press shifted to project, region, and tourism indicating that there were structural differences. Since policy implementation without understanding the complex context of marine healing hardly allows us to expect outcomes, diverse marine policy frames should be considered. #해양치유(Marine Healing) #해양치유관광정책(Marine Healing Tourism Policy) #텍스트 마이닝(Text Mining) AbstractⅠ. 서론Ⅱ. 이론적 고찰Ⅲ. 연구방법Ⅳ. 분석 결과Ⅴ. 결론참고문헌

A community of advantage or mutual respect?

This paper reviews the points of continuity and change between Sugden’s new book and his classic from the 1980s, The Political Economy of Welfare, Rights and Cooperation. It argues that while his new responses to the ‘nudging’ revolution and rising inequality have sharpened his argument for, respectively, the economist as ‘contractarian’ adviser to citizenry model and his defence of the market as an institution of mutual benefit, the introduction of Adam Smith’s concept of ‘mutual sympathy’ is double-edged. It fills a psychological gap in Hume that is important for ‘contractarian’ proposals to citizenry, but it also suggests we might plausibly be interested in something more than mutual benefit when deciding what rules to be regulated by.

Escaping the Social Pull: Nonconformists and Self-Censorship

Chamlee-Wright (2019) argues that Adam Smith’s moral psychology can help us understand the phenomenon of self-cenorship in today’s academy. But the lynchpin of Smith’s psychology, the desire for mutual sympathy of sentiments, can serve at least two purposes: pulling us into beneficial community with others, but also creating–and solidifying–social division. These two purposes can conflict and lead to potential problems: they can make it more difficult to nurture creativity, and they can lead to stigmatizing, ostracizing, and otherizing those outside the community. These problems can lead to stifling of, and underinvestment in, the innovative thinking necessary for a robust “life of the mind.” I diagnose the problem, explain the dynamics involved, and suggest a potential way out of the impasse.

Alliance between Putin and European Far-Right: Where Does the Convergence of Interests Lead?

The study traces the development occurred in the alliance between Putin’s Russia and the European far-right parties since the European Parliamentary election held in May 2019. The article briefly summarizes the populist upsurge in Europe, exploring the reasons behind it. Consequently, the relations established between the political actors are outlined, starting with the concept of “sovereign democracy” to cover all the eventual points where the interests of the Kremlin match with those of the European far-right populists. The ultimate purpose of the study is to define three possible macro-scenarios for the alliance and, indirectly, for the European Union in the near term, concluding that even though the uprising of the populist parties has been somehow contained and the alliance has been widely exposed, the far-right still benefits from great success among public opinion. Furthermore, however ephemeral and transitory the collaboration between Putin and the populists may be, it has already laid the foundations for a more fruitful understanding. Russia’s importance as an economic and political partner will grow as its friendly political forces do and their mutual sympathy will stand until there are reciprocal gains.

The Impact of Charismatic (Inspirational) Teachers in Building Positive Relationships with Their Students.

It is emphasized by the relevant literature that the same student engages more in the class of a teacher he /she loves and sincerely cares for and the same student does not engage much in the lesson of a teacher who she hates the student. Lack of feelings of caring of teachers against to students paralyzes learning. Learners learn more when they think the teacher likes them and they like the teacher. The path to the student's mind is through the gain of his heart. The purpose of this research is to research based on reviewing the new relationship between charismatic (inspirational) teachers and building relationships with their students. Based on the studies it was found that; Charismatic teachers (inspirational) give many advantages to building and maintaining positive relationships with all students, and this did not differ from the gender, the school sector or the career phase in which they were inspiring teachers. These teachers are empathetic, understand their students, respond to their needs, promote respect and mutual sympathy, and adapt lessons to the needs of individual students. It was also found that their relationship with students is dynamic and that they invest heavily in these relationships, although their construction requires a lot of effort and an important adaptation period through which teachers know the students and vice versa. Conclusion; charismatic (inspirational) teachers cultivate very positive relationships with their students in the service of teaching development. This study helps teachers and decision-makers in education.376872579794100038633407979410003959225797941000

Working, Singing, and Telling in the 19th-Century Flemish Pillow-Lace Industry

The female lacemaker who sings at her work is a European literary trope from Shakespeare to Nerval. However, there is considerable evidence from many countries that pillow lacemakers did sing while working, and that their repertoire of songs was in part learnt in the lace schools that many of them attended from about the age of six. Such schools were often under some kind of religious authority. In the English Midlands, the Erzgebirge region of Saxony, and Flanders, trainee lacemakers learnt “tells” that provided a rhythm to the production process; many of these tells were noted down in the 19th century. This article examines the corpus of Flemish tells to explore lacemakers’ own responses to the strict environment of the lace school. Singing together helped establish a corporate identity that lacemakers were proud to proclaim, and reinforced bonds of mutual sympathy between workers. But tells in particular were meant to foster competition. Tells could be used to voice resistance to, or at least the fantasy of escape from, the lace mistress as well as the parents who forced their children into this occupation. But lace mistresses also used tells to teach moral and religious lessons, and to break young girls to the discipline of the school and the relentless expectations of production.

Chateaubriand as Historian and Memorialist of Tsar Alexander I: The Judgement of a Great Figure from the French Restoration

This article analyses the memoirs of Francois-Rene de Chateaubriand (a writer, diplomat, and leading political actor in the French Restoration) in terms of his acquaintance with the Russian Emperor Alexander I. The article’s author describes in detail the political context of this aquaintance and the transformation of their relationship as it was affected by the influence of external factors and changes in Alexander’s political views. Chateaubriand’s memoirs are compared with similar sources (both Russian and French) in order to analyse why he arrived at his evaluations of Alexander. It is shown that despite their mutual sympathy and the closeness of their religious and political views (especially at the time of the Congress of Verona), the convinced monarchist Chateaubriand gave a rather sceptical appraisal of the efforts of the Russian emperor, whose erratic reform attempts and liberal views (which were not realised in a consistent political programme) led, in his opinion, to the Decembrist Revolt. According to the author, Chateaubriand created in his memoirs a tragic image for the tsar: the emperor’s liberal aspirations were in conflict with the need to adopt a conservative approach. This image has parallels in Romantic literature, an insight which allows us to look afresh at Chateaubriand’s discourse.