The occurrence of ground subsidence and its development are important issues focusing on a study above the Gunung Bijih Timur (GBT), Intermediate Ore Zone (IOZ) and Depth Ore Zone (DOZ) block caving at PT Freeport Copper & Gold mining, Papua, Indonesia. Geologically, the hosted rock is the lower Waripi Formation of the Tertiary New Guinea Limestone Group which trending to N30 o E/50-55 degrees northeast. Furthermore, the Waripi Formation also consists of sandy dolomite, silty to sandy limestone and highly fragmented rock that controlled by faults and joints. These geological factors will make any influences with the development of subsidence. The main structural trend in this area is west-northwest (WNW), this trend can be found in the steeply dipping Ertsberg 1 Fault, Ertsberg 2 Fault, Ertsberg 3 Fault and the Ertsberg 4 Fault that distribute from north to south. This paper describes the relationship between geological condition and subsidence development above three levels of block caving mining. The surface topographic change in vicinity of mining has been detected using Geographic Information System (GIS) and aerial photogrammetry. The analytical aerial triangulation method is performed to develop a multi temporal Digital Elevation Model (DEM) by calculating the tie points ground coordinates. The geological conditions such as effect of faults, steep topography and type of lithology are analyzed using GIS to study the occurrence of topographic change such as progressing surface subsidence and sedimentation area. The GIS analysis emphasizes the subsidence occurrence and the governing role of the geological structure in defining the development of asymmetry distribution of subsidence.