Multilevel Personality Questionnaire Research Articles

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PERSONAL ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL OF ADOLESCENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS

The relevance of the study on the personal adaptive potential of adolescents with visual impairments is due to insufficient understanding of the characteristics, structure and conditions that form the adaptive potential of adolescents with visual impairments. 48 adolescents (24 subjects with visual impairments), aged 15 to 16, took part in the empirical study. The study was carried out using a set of psychodiagnostic techniques: the Test of Personal Adjustment by C. Rogers and R. Diamond adapted by M. Prikhozhan as a method of diagnosing socio-psychological adaptation; multilevel personality questionnaire “Adaptability” (A. Maklakov, S. Chermyanin); personal differential technique in the adaptation of employees of the Bekhterev Psychoneurological Institute. The analysis of the data obtained showed that, despite the positive characteristics of the personal adaptive potential in adolescents with visual impairments, the subjects often do not have the necessary skills to effectively use this potential in social interactions.

COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE PROFESSIONAL ADAPTATION OF CADET-GRADUATES TO MILITARY SERVICE

The article provides a comprehensive assessment of the psychophysiological factors affecting the professional adaptation of cadets. It emphasizes that professional development entails the formation of professional orientation, competence, socially significant and professionally important qualities, their integration, readiness for continuous professional growth, and the search for optimal methods to perform activities of high quality and creativity in accordance with individual psychological characteristics. Various approaches to specialist development have been examined by researchers and practitioners, including professional self-determination, stages of specialization, development of professionally important qualities, motivation in work activities, and the fundamentals of labor activity. The main theories that unify these approaches are the theory of types of professional life (structural concepts), motivational theories, and theories of individuality. The study highlights that the adaptation process is influenced by personal factors such as stress resistance, personality type, and emotional perception. The research utilized data obtained through a rhythmograph system, which monitors ECG signals and heart rate variability in the first standard lead, allowing for statistical time and spectral analysis of heart rate. In the initial stage, the assessment of nonverbal and general intelligence development levels was analyzed using the "Color Progressive Matrices" test by J. C. Raven. In the subsequent stage, the correlation between intelligence level and LF norm, HF norm, and LnLF/HF under load was determined. Finally, the adaptability level of the respondents to modern functioning conditions was assessed using the multi-level personality questionnaire "Adaptability" by A. Maklakov and S. Chermianin. The obtained data indicate an inverse proportional relationship between these indicators: "high stress - low adaptability" and vice versa. The article also highlights the significance of nervous-psychic tension, in addition to stress, as an unfavorable factor affecting performance. It lists the main causes contributing to the development of nervous-psychic tension. Furthermore, the works of M. Agadzhanyan, V. Kaznacheev, and S. Kaznacheev identify three qualitatively different types of adaptive human response: "sprinter," "stayer," and "intermediate" types (based on the criterion of time to perform submaximal work). To enhance adaptive abilities, the article proposes the utilization of the bioactivation optimization technique, which effectively enhances a person's psychophysiological functions and meets the requirements for psychophysiological support in military professional activities.

Results of using the multilevel personality questionnaire “Adaptability” during professional psychological selection in the armed forces of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

The study examined the potential use of a multilevel personality questionnaire Adaptability during professional and psychological selection in the Armed Forces of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. A total of 445 men aged 1826 years who were indigenous Vietnamese living in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and undergoing military service in the Peoples Navy and Land Forces of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam were examined. An adapted version of the multilevel personality questionnaire Adaptability-4 was used and translated to Vietnamese. The success of military professional activity was assessed based on the results of a survey of direct supervisors who evaluated their subordinates according to a specially designed questionnaire. Based on the statistical analysis of the results, the indicators of the multilevel personality questionnaire Adaptability were normalized, and a table was formed for the translation of raw scores into normalized scores (walls). A formula has also been developed to calculate the success rate according to the discipline criterion, which reveals significant differences between the successful group (average value 5.35 walls) and the unsuccessful group (average value 4.22 walls) at the level of difference p 0.01. The results indicated that the modified version of the multilevel personality questionnaire Adaptability-4 adapted for the military personnel of the Vietnamese Peoples Army and Navy can predict the success of military professional activities according to the discipline domain. The questionnaire can be used during professional psychological selection in the Armed Forces of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАДАПТАЦІЇ ПОСТКОМБАТАНТІВ ПІСЛЯ ПОВЕРНЕННЯ ІЗ ЗОНИ БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ

The article is devoted to the problem of psychological features of readaptation of post-combatants after returning from the combat zone. The aims of the article are the substantiation and experimental study of the psychological features of readaptation of post-combatants to peaceful life. The tasks are defined as elucidating the essence of the concept of “readaptation” in scientific research, determination of psychological features of readaptation of post-combatants to peaceful life, and conducting a study of psychological features of readaptation of post-combatants to peaceful life. The following methods were used, including theoretical (analysis, generalization, comparison, and systematization), and empirical ones (multi-level personality questionnaire “Adaptivnist-200”). It has been established that the “readaptation” concept is applied when it comes to the need of an individual to “fight” against the psych-traumatic consequences of various stressful situations, as a result of which personality’s re-adaptation to ordinary life should take place after experiencing extreme situations. A critical analysis of approaches to defining the essence of the concept of “readaptation” by various researchers has been carried out. It has been emphasized that the process of readaptation of an individual can take place in two ways. In the first case, the person aligns their actions with the real situation on the basis of their own social experience, and in the second case, they transform the social situation to allow for their own life needs as a result of assimilating new norms, stereotypes and principles of social behaviour. It has been found out that the maladaptation of post-combatants can be pathological and non-pathological in nature. The non-pathological maladaptation is formed through individual deviations in the subject’s behaviour and experiences, caused by insufficient resocialization, socially unacceptable individual attitudes after returning from the combat zone, the breakdown of significant interpersonal relationships, the inability to engage in usual work or continue education due to injuries or mutilation etc. It has been shown that the system of rehabilitation of post-combatants has to be based on a complex of methods, principles, norms, laws and procedures which should take into account both non-pathological and possible pathological signs of post-traumatic stress disorders, as well as their depth and significance for the post-combatant’s life. The key goal of readaptation at the stage of the post-combatants’ exit from the combat zone is to satisfy their natural needs (recognition, understanding, and protection). Considering today’s requirements and the growing number of post-combatants who need psychological help, a corresponding study of their adaptability indicators was conducted via the BOO “Adaptivnist-200” methodology. Within the framework of this methodology, the levels of the personal potential of socio-psychological adaptation of post-combatants were calculated, which proved the prevalence of low resistance to combat stress. In addition, the following results were fixed including: mostly the sufficient level of military-professional orientation, the presence of some signs of deviant behaviour as well as the existence of individual rates of suicidal tendency. According to the results of the conducted research, practical psychological recommendations are proposed including more comprehensive approaches to improving the level of post-combatants’ readaptation to a peaceful life.

Determinants of adaptive behavior of a master's student of psychological and pedagogical education as a subject of scientific reflection

The article reveals the current views of the professional community on adaptive behavior, the ideas of transition to the development of a relatively stable personality structure of a master's student of psychological and pedagogical education. The data were obtained using the methods of psychological diagnostics: a multi-level personal questionnaire (MLO) "Adaptability", the questionnaire " SOP-2 "(Tendency to deviant behavior), the method "Depersonalization by professional systems", the analysis of educational activities with a focus on the method of cases, social assessments, individual conversations. Considering the current state, problems and diagnostic assessments, it can be reached the logical conclusion that the determinants of the formation and development of adaptive behavior are the dialectical laws of the development of matter, and the totality of indicators of individual personal adaptive potential, the tendency to deviate behavior, life satisfaction and educational effectiveness will determine the level of the studied behavior.

Specificity and dynamics of psychological adaptation during the COVID-19 pandemic

BACKGROUND. The relevance is due to the negative consequences caused by the COVID-19 pandemic for individuals and for society as a whole, covering almost all aspects of life at the macro and individual levels, and the lack of detailed studies of the psychological state of the population.
 AIM. Study of the specifics and dynamics of psychological adaptation in subjects during the COVID-19 pandemic.
 MATERIAL AND METHODS. Method of studying personality accentuations of K. Leonhard (modified by S. Shmishek); diagnostics of the state of aggression (Bass-Darkey questionnaire), multilevel personality questionnaire Adaptiveness by A.G. Maklakov and S.V. Chermyanin, test-questionnaire Health, activity, mood, clinical questionnaire for the detection and evaluation of neurotic conditions (Yakhin K.K., Mendelevich D.M.). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Spearmans rank correlation coefficient, Students t-test for independent samples, and Students t-test for dependent samples. The study involved 51 people 16% are men and 84% are women, who were selected by a random continuous method, whose average age is 21.31.87 years. The study was carried out in 2 stages. The first stage: the end of April 2020 21 days after the start of voluntary self-isolation; second stage: end of September beginning of November 2020.
 RESULTS. The subjects were found to have such character accentuations as exaltation 94%, hyperthymism 88%, emotivity 86%, low level of personal adaptive potential (2.11.43), neurotic depression prevailed 43%, obsessive-phobic disorders 33%, conversion disorders 27%. The expression of aggression was carried out mainly through verbal aggression (6.352.43), guilt (5.591.72) and irritation (5.371.92).
 CONCLUSION. The subjects have a low level of personal adaptive potential, which increased with the end of self-isolation, accompanied by a gradual acceptance of what is happening, stabilization of the growth in the number of sick and dead, news about the development of measures to combat the spread of the virus, methods of treatment and prevention.

A method for assessing the stress resistance in employees of the Federal Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia for managerial decision-making

Relevance. Firefighters often work in extreme conditions while carrying out professional activities, they quickly make decisions that affect the lives of the victims and the safety of significant material resources. In addition to professional skills, knowledge and abilities, effective decision-making is largely determined by their resistance to stress. Intention is to develop an algorithm for assessing the stress resistance of employees of the Federal Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia, who have special ranks, for managerial decision-making. Methodology. 261 employees of the Federal Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia directly involved in firefighting were examined. Their average age was (31.0 ± 3.3) years, professional experience - (6.5 ± 3.2) years. There were 186 firefighters and drivers of fire trucks (1st group), 52 chiefs of fire guards (2nd group), 23 chiefs (deputies) of fire and rescue units (3rd group). The psychological status of firefighters was studied using the methods “Forecast-2”, a multi-level personal questionnaire “Adaptiveness” and the test “Meaningful life orientations” by D.A. Leontiev. With the help of dispersion analysis, a comparative assessment of indicators in the general array was carried out and three groups of firefighters were identified. A discriminatory model for assigning firefighters to professional groups has been developed. Results and Discussion. A high level of neuropsychic stability according to the “Forecast-2” method was revealed in 33.7 % of the firefighters of the general array, the average level - in 66.3 %. No firefighters with low level of nervous mental stability were identified. The most pronounced indicators of socio-psychological adaptation according to the methods used were found among the heads of fire and rescue units and their deputies and the heads of fire guards. A discriminant model was developed that contained 6 statistically significant predictors: X1 - professional experience; X2 - nervous mental stability according to the “Forecast” method; X3 - behavioral regulation according to the questionnaire “Adaptiveness”; X4 - locus of control - life according to the test “Meaningful life orientations”; X5 - communicative qualities according to the questionnaire “Adaptiveness”; Х6 - goals in life according to the test “Meaningful life orientations”. The model as a whole turned out to be statistically significant (p < 0.001) and qualified at 94.3 %. With the help of three linear discriminant functions, firefighters can be classified into the selected groups. Conclusion. The revealed differences in indicators of neuropsychic stability and life orientations among firefighters will allow for more targeted psychological support of activities and objectively make administrative decisions.

Adaptation potential of medical students in distance learning

Introduction. The coronavirus pandemic provoked a sharp transition from the classical form of education to distance learning, which has become widespread over the past year and a half. Both students and professors are forced to adapt to the changing conditions of learning and life in general. The current situation of uncertainty caused stress reactions and actualized the adaptive potential of the psyche. There are practically no studies on this topic, which explains the novelty and relevance of this work.Methods and materials. The article is devoted to the study of adaptive features of medical students in distance learning. To study adaptive features, a multilevel personality questionnaire (MLPQ) «Adaptability» was used (A. G. Maklakov, S. V. Chermyanin, 1993). To study the causes of educational stress in students and strategies for coping with stress, the Lazarus coping test and the test for educational stress (Yu. V. Shcherbatykh) were used. To study the attitude of students to full-time and distance learning, a specially designed questionnaire was used. Statistical processing was carried out using SPSS Statistics 21.Results. The study was conducted in the spring of 2021. 100 first-year students of Pavlov University participated in it. The average age of the sample was (18.32±1.5); among them: 29 men and 71 women. The leading causes of educational stress were: a large study load (7.32), a large amount of educational material to memorize (7.20), difficulty in understanding the material (6.99) and the presence of working off (6.82), which were introduced to eliminate debt. The leading coping strategies in distance learning were «self-control» (13.29), «problem solving planning» (13.21) and «positive reassessment» (12.99). The most common ways to cope with stress were sleep (17 %), delicious food (15 %), socializing with friends (14 %), outdoor activities (13 %), and support or advice from parents (12 %). Distance learning students had an average level of adaptive potential. Students with a higher adaptive potential in dealing with stress significantly more often (p≤0.01) use the strategies of problem solving planning and positive reassessment, while students with a lower adaptive potential significantly more often (p≤0.05) in a stress situation use «accepting responsibility» and «escape-avoidance» copings.Conclusions. The conducted study allowed to identify the causes of students’ educational stress, strategies of behavior and coping with stressful situations, which should be taken into account in the organization of the learning process and in the work of a psychological service to increase the acquisition of knowledge and academic success of students. The obtained results made it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of full-time and distance learning, which allows us to make an assumption about the optimal combination of both forms in the further educational process.

DISORDERS OF ADAPTATION OF COMBATANTS AND THEIR MEDICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION AT THE SANATORIUM STAGE OF TREATMENT

The aim of the study was on the basis of the study of clinical manifestations and mechanisms of the formation of disorders of psychological adaptation among the combatants, to develop the principles and program of their medical and psychological rehabilitation. Materials and methods: The study was attended by 153 people at the sanatorium and resort stage of treatment, of which 98 people were combatants and 55 people were civilians. The study used a set of methods aimed at the study of emotional disorders (HDRS, BDI, Spielberger Scale, “Asthenic state scale”), individual psychological features (Multilevel personal questionnaire “Adaptability,” Test questionnaire G. Shmishek, K. Leonhard), features of psychosocial functioning (Mississippian scale of PTSD-military version) and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: At the stage of sanatorium treatment of combatants is important readaptation to peaceful living conditions. A clinical and psychological analysis of combatants showed that the presence of experienced state of subjective distress and emotional disorder leads to a decrease in the productivity of adaptation to a stressful event. The stress factor disrupted the integrity of the micro-social network of combatants and their system of social support and social values, with the prevailing sense of inability to overcome problems and build plans. A detailed analysis of the nature of depressive and anxiety manifestations was carried out, which allowed to determine the predictors of the violation of adaptation in combatants. Thus, on the basis of the study of clinical manifestations and mechanisms of the formation of disorders of psychological adaptation among the participants of hostilities, the principles of their medical and psychological rehabilitation at the sanatorium and resort stage of treatment are developed. Conclusions: The peculiarities of stress response in combatants as a component of personal potential play a role in the formation of predictors of psychological adaptation disorders among combatants. Psychological intervention at the tertiary stage of rehabilitation (sanatorium-resort) should be targeted, taking into account individual-psychological characteristics (preventors) and psychosocial factors (predictors)

Transport risk factors and personal potential safe behavior of the railway operator

The relevance of the study of risk factors causing accidents with a threat to human life on high-speed railways is determined by the increasing traffic intensity. Problems of ensuring safe traffic include the accounting and prediction of systemic risk factors determined by the relationship of different levels of interactions. The analysis of the basic personal qualities necessary for a person in difficult professional situations is associated with the structure of motivation for sustainable responsible behavior in extreme conditions on railway transport. The article’s purpose is to show a multi-level systemic connection of risk factors in correlation with the analysis of the specifics of personal strategies of the operator’s behavior and to identify effective models of behavior that characterize the ability to make conscious decisions in a problem situation. To this end, an empirical study of indicators of adaptability and stress resistance of transport university students was conducted. To achieve this goal, a multi-level personality questionnaire for overcoming stressful situations was used. The generalization of respondent survey data made it possible to identify models of operator-safe social behavior in an extreme situation through a tendency to implement a specific coping strategy. In conclusion, it is emphasized that ensuring safety in the high-speed traffic system depends on eliminating the risks that are caused by three vectors: the organization of the traffic system, the organization of social interaction systems, and personal self-organization associated with the individual characteristics of the operator adaptive potential.

Integrative structural components of adaptation readiness of students with disabilities

The availability of higher education for people with disabilities (hereinafter referred to as “Disabled people”) cannot be considered without creating an inclusive educational environment and implementing measures for psychological and pedagogical support. Adequate, reasonable and effective accompanying work in this context provides for filling the gaps in research devoted to the study of adaptation readiness. With due account for these circumstances, the research purpose is to identify and describe the structural components of adaptation readiness of students with disabilities in the context of inclusive education. The used diagnostic battery (N=200): a diagnostic technique of Rogers-Diamond’s socio-psychological adaptation as adapted by A.K. Osnitsky; a multilevel personality questionnaire “Adaptability” (MLO – AM) (A.G. Maklakov, S.V. Chermyanin); methodology “Adaptation readiness of personality” by M.V. Grigorieva. Statistical procedures: Student’s t-test calculation, correlation by Pearson’s method; factor analysis (principal component factorization with Varimax rotation). The research results show that the adaptation capacity potential of students with conditionally normative development is statistically significantly higher than that of disabled students (t=22.1, p≤0.01). There was also a decrease in socio-psychological adaptation in the designated category of students on indicators “Adaptation” (t=8.79, p≤0.01); “Self-perception” (t = 8.48, p≤0.01); “Emotional comfort” (t = 6.73, p≤0.01). A two-factor structural model of adaptation readiness of students with disabilities, including psychological-psychophysiological and socio-psychological components, including content areas and structural elements, has been identified.

The features of self-awareness and value orientations in agricultural workers with occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system

The problem of preventing and reducing the level of occupational morbidity among agricultural workers is of particular importance, since occupational diseases are the cause of high disability and mortality rates of the working-age population all over the world. As a research task, the authors made an attempt to identify the features of the interdependence of the components of self-awareness and conflicts in value orientations for the manifestation of the phenomenology of disorders with further designation of the targets of psychotherapy. An experimental psychological study which included 40 agricultural workers with occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system (experimental group) and without diseases (control group) was carried out using the multilevel personality questionnaire «Adaptability», the self-attitude test questionnaire by V.V. Stolin and S.R. Panteleev, and Schwartz's methodology «Value orientations». As a result of the study, it was found that in the subjects of the experimental group, in contrast to healthy individuals, the hyposthenic type of response prevails, there is the average level of neuropsychic tension, there is no tendency to reactions of the impulsive type, and a high negative and statistically significant relationship between the indicator of conflict in values and the level of personal adaptive potential is identified. The results of the study indicate that among agricultural workers with occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system, accentuations of the character of the «inhibited» circle prevail, there is an increased level of anxiety and low tolerance to unfavorable factors of professional activity. The dominant personal values at the level of convictions are personal success in accordance with social standards and enjoyment of life, and at the level of behavior — understanding and protecting the well-being of all people and nature, preserving and increasing the well-being of loved ones. With an increase in conflict in value orientations, the adaptive potential of the respondents decreases, and a decrease in the level of self-attitude entails a decrease in adaptation.

Understanding of the professional reliability of officers of the National police of Ukraine

Based on the results of the expert assessment, the police officers were divided into three groups in terms of professional reliability, including the level of subjective professional experience, the development of professionally important qualities, work experience and personality characteristics.
 Materials and Methods. The SACS Questionnaire - "Strategic Approach to Coping Scale" (S. Hobfoll), Coping test by R. Lazarus, Multi-level personal questionnaire "Adaptivity", by A.H. Maklakov (1993), Life meaning orientations test The test of life meaning orientations is an adapted version of the test "Purpose in life" by J. Crumbaugh and L. Maholic, Questionnaire of the motivational structure of the personality by V. Milman, Questionnaire of the level of self-actualization by A. Maslow, The personal orientation questionnaire by V. Smekalo and H. Kucher. The 1 group (optimal level of professional reliability) included 54 police officers aged from 23 to 38 years old. The 2 group (sufficient level) included 57 people aged 24 to 37 years old. The length of service is from 2 to 8 years. The 3rd group (critical level) included 55 police officers aged 24 to 33 years old. The length of service is from 2 to 7 years.
 Based on the obtained results of experimental work, the program for developing the professional reliability of the administrative police officers is presented. The main tool for the implementation of the program is professionally psychological training - a comprehensive educational technology that allows you to realize the professional self-development and self-improvement of the policeman personality in the form of a continuous process. This training includes a system of methods, techniques and exercises that ensure the effective formation, development and correction of the main components of professional policeman reliability: axiological-semantic, motivational, cognitive, emotional-volitional and behavioural.

ПРО ОБУМОВЛЕНІСТЬ ДОМІНУЮЧОЇ КОПІНГ-СТРАТЕГІЇ РІВНЕМ АДАПТИВНОСТІ УЧАСНИКА БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ

Since 2014, there has been an increased attention to the coverage of the problem of the combat actions impact on the personality of the serviceman.The vast majority of publications consider the destructive impact of psycho-traumatic factors of the combat situation on the personality, actualize the issues of negative mental states, psychological stability and readiness of servicemen to participate in combat actions, organization and implementation of socio-psychological community reintegration of combatants. However, in most scientific works the diagnosis of the current psychophysiological state of a combatant is given almost no due attention, and the available research is general and limited.The hypothesis of our study is the assumption that as a result of activities in extreme conditions on the personality of the serviceman is excessive stress, which leads to depletion of personality, which is reflected in reduced adaptive capacity and the choice of the dominant coping strategy.Purpose. The goal is to reveal the conditionality of the dominant coping strategy by the level of adaptive potential of the combatant.Methods. The following research methods were used to implement the tasks: theoretical (analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, generalization, systematization of scientific literature); empirical (observations; conversation; testing: "Adaptability" – multilevel personal questionnaire by O. Maklakov and S. Chermyanin (1993) and a Lazarus coping test adapted by L. Wesserman).Authenticity. The theoretical analysis shows the interdependence between coping strategies, adaptive potential and coping resources. Determining the level of adaptive potential and the dominant vector of coping strategy provides an opportunity to draw conclusions about the level of availability of coping resources of the individual, depleted state. Correlation analysis confirmed the dependence of the choice of the dominant coping strategy on the level of adaptation potential with increasing adaptive indicators, preference is given to positive coping strategies that envisages cognitive processing of acquired experience, re-awareness and reassessment, self-development and self-improvement. Subsequently, it proves a hypothesis that, the adaptive capacity of the individual decreases with the depletion of coping resources, which leads to self-elimination, exclusion from participation in solving problematic (contradictory) situations, which leads to excessive anxiety, nervousness and aggression of personality.Conclusions. The results prove to the greatest influence of negative stressors of the combat situation on the emotional component of the personality.At the same time, the fact that 2/3 of personnel is interested in attracting cognitive reserves for processing the acquired experience, self-development and self-improvement is positive. The mentioned above provides an opportunity to assume that the most effective mechanism for personnel recovery will be cognitive-behavioral therapy, which is aimed primarily at partnership of participants of the process with the involvement of their cognitive potential.

Psychological conditions for the formation of adaptation potential of an individual in the learning process

  This article is dedicated to examination of psychological conditions of the formation of adaptation potential of an individual in the learning process. It is established that the personal adaptation potential is the interconnected psychological characteristics of a person that determine success of adaptation to the external environment. Leaning on the analysis of literature sources, the author built a research model that reveals the following factors affecting formation of adaptation potential: psychic stability, adequate self-esteem, communication skills, behavioral regulation, coping behavior and group interaction skills. For assessing the adaptive capabilities and individual psychological characteristics of the students, the author applied the following methods: empirical (multi-level personal questionnaire “Adaptability” by A. G. Maklakov, S. V. Chermyanin; methodology “Socio-psychological comfort of the environment” by A. G. Maklakov; coping-test of R. Lazarus, S. Folkman, translated by T. L. Kryukova, E. V. Kuftyak and M. S. Zamyshlyaeva; Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire; mathematical-statistical (correlation analysis) Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient; nonparametric comparison method of the two related samples (Wilcoxon signed-rank test). The scientific novelty of the presented materials consists in the development of scientific representation of psychological conditions of the formation of adaptation potential of an individual in the learning process, as well as in identification of the causes of maladaptation (emotional instability, low self-control, propensity for authoritarian behavior, low conformity and normativity of behavior). The acquired experimental data on the level of development of adaptation potential of the students allow predicting the success of their learning process. The provided materials can be used by psychologists and pedagogues in organization of work aimed at prevention of maladaptative conditions among adolescents.  

Показатели психологической адаптации у пациенток с сердечно-сосудистой патологией на фоне синдрома дисплазии соединительной ткани

The article presents the results of a study of psychological adaptation in patients with cardiac pathology against the background of connective tissue dysplasia, conducted at the Regional Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care in Vladivostok. It was hypothesized that patients with concomitant connective tissue dysplasia will have lower adaptive capacity than patients without this syndrome. The study involved 32 girls 16–18 years old (M=16.72; SD=0.41) with cardiovascular pathology on the background of connective tissue dysplasia and 32 girls of the same age (M=16.78; SD=0.40) with cardiovascular disease without connective tissue dysplasia. To assess the severity of adaptive capabilities, the following methods were used: the Questionnaire of socio-psychological adaptation (A.K. Osnitsky, 2004), the Multi-level Personality Questionnaire "Adaptability" developed by А.G. Maklakov and S.V. Chermyanin, the Communicative Tolerance Questionnaire (V.V. Boyko), K. Ryff's scale of Psychological Well-being adapted by N.N. Lepeshinsky, the Oxford Happiness Inventory adapted by A. Lisitsina (2003). The significant intergroup differences (p<0.05) were revealed in terms of neuropsychic and emotional stability, working capacity, self-esteem, need for communication, behavioral features, experiences of psychological well-being, feelings of happiness, socialization and adaptation, motivation for activity, tolerance to adverse factors environment, as well as indicators of the communicative capabilities of the individual. The results obtained indicate reduced indicators of psychological adaptation in adolescent patients with cardiac pathology against the background of connective tissue dysplasia. These results can be used in the development of individual psychocorrectional programs to improve the social adaptation of girls with connective tissue dysplasia syndrome.

Personal Indicators of Emotional Intelligence and Their Impact on the Adaptive Potential of Military Personnel

The article is devoted to the relationship between personal indicators of emotional intelligence and the components of the adaptive potential of military personnel. A review of the main approaches to the concept of emotional intelligence is presented, the grounds for using personal indicators in the process of analyzing emotional intelligence are revealed. On the basis of theoretical analysis, personality traits are identified that can be considered as indicators of emotional intelligence that affect the adaptive potential of a person. A theoretical model of the relationship of personal indicators of emotional intelligence and components of personal adaptive potential is formed, for the empirical confirmation of which a psychodiagnostic study was conducted. In order to obtain empirical data, three psychodiagnostic methods were used: Multi-level personality questionnaire «Adaptability» (MLO-AM) A.G. Maklakova and S.V. Chermyanina, test EmIn D.V. Lucin and the 16-factor Kettell personality questionnaire. The analysis showed the average level of development of the integral indicator of emotional intelligence and the average level of adaptive potential in the group of young officers. Correlation analysis made it possible to form a correlation matrix in which the relationship of the general emotional intelligence and the adaptive abilities of the person is revealed.

Socio-psychological determinants of self-destructive behavior of adolescents

The article is devoted to the problem of self-destructive behavior of the individual in adolescence, which has become quite common in modern Russia. The paper presents an analysis of the concept of "self-destructive behavior", provides various points of view and approaches to this concept, and draws a parallel between such concepts as "deviant behavior" and "addictive behavior". Special attention is paid to the leading socio-psychological factors that contribute to the emergence of self-destructive behavior in adolescence, among which there are violations of family relations, difficulties in adapting adolescents in society, features of self-esteem and self-attitude, difficulties in communicating with adults and peers. The article presents the results of an experimental study on the identification of socio-psychological determinants of self-destructive behavior of adolescents. The main methods were used: conversation, observation (I A. Korobeynikov); questionnaire of suicide risk (modification of T.N. Razuvaeva); method of diagnostics of the degree of manifestation of codependent behavior patterns of B. Weyhold; questionnaire "behavior of parents and the attitude of teenagers to them" (L.I. Wasserman, I.A. gorkova, E.E. Romitsina); method of studying self-esteem by Dembo-Rubinstein; multi-level personal questionnaire "Adaptability" (A.G. Maklakov); method of studying self-relation of S.R. Pantileev, V.V. Stolina. The authors concluded that the study group of adolescents has a tendency to deviant behavior, most often, it is tobacco Smoking, alcohol use, psychoactive substances, many of them have a tendency to suicidal behavior and violation of social norms. As a result of the research, the priority significance of the following socio-psychological determinants for self-destructive behavior of adolescents was determined: expressed negativity of parents' attitude to the adolescent, problems of adaptation, weak and contradictory self-attitude, orientation to unproductive communication styles.

Прогнозирование боеготовности военнослужащих информационно-технических подразделений Воздушно-космических сил Российской Федерации

The article is devoted to the development and verification of a model for psychodiagnostic forecasting of readiness of military personnel of information and technical units of the Russian aerospace forces to perform combat duty. The longitudinal study used standardized test tools (the method "Motivational profile of the individual", the personal questionnaire "Big five", the method of diagnosing the tendency to deviate behavior, the multi-level personal questionnaire" Adaptability", the method of studying the features of thinking), a questionnaire and expert assessment. Participants were 119 experts and 255 military personnel serving under a contract. The main difference in subgroups of military personnel of various degrees of readiness for combat duty was the presence of purposefulness and awareness of activity. In the regression model of predicting military readiness, the success of activity is associated with the presence of adaptive abilities, consciousness and intellectual potential. Combat readiness is reduced due to the soldier's tendency to aggression and violence, power and recognition, as well as utilitarian motivation. The results of the research allow us to improve the procedure for professional psychological selection of candidates for military service under a contract and preventative work with personnel, optimize training and combat training of military personnel, and ultimately increase the combat readiness of units and formations of constant readiness.

Особенности защитных механизмов у иностранных студентов с разными уровнями адаптации

The paper presents the results of the experimental study of protective mechanisms in the process of adaptation in foreign students. The following methods were used in the study: a multi-level personality questionnaire “Adaptability” (MLO-AM) of Maklakov, AG, Chermyanin, SV, and a test questionnaire for psychological defense mechanisms “Life Style Index” (Plutchik, R, Kellerman, G, Сonte, HR, adaptation by Romanov, ES and Grebennikov, LR). Differences between groups were evaluated using the Student's t-test. As a result of the study, the following conclusions were made: foreign students with low adaptation level use protective mechanisms of denial, suppression and regression. Foreign students with medium and high adaptability apply projection and compensation. The materials of this work can be used in the activities of psychologists in the development of psychological and pedagogical support programs for foreign students studying at the university.