Brazilian Movement Research Articles

Jansenismo, maçonaria e reação católica: Alfredo Freyre e a disputa pela educação em Pernambuco (1910-1920)

This article discusses the political-religious clash between Alfredo Freyre – father of the historian-sociologist Gilberto Freyre – and the so-called “Catholic Reaction” movement in the Brazilian state of Pernambuco from 1910 to 1930. Professor Alfredo Freyre was a Jansenist Catholic and Freemason, opposing the political project to implement religious education in schools defended by the Jesuits, who were the main architects of the Catholic Reaction movement in Brazil and in Recife. We discuss alliances between Jansenists, Protestants and Freemasons that went up against the political hegemony of the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil, considering the theory that Alfredo Freyre’s actions represented the internal struggle in the Catholic camp among antagonistic movements and groups, particularly between Jansenists and Jesuits, with education playing a key role in the balance of power. We therefore approach the political and religious interface in order to demonstrate how religious culture affects political culture, with decisive ramifications on the social sphere. The work is located within the field of the History of Political Ideas, due to its consideration of the relationships between the subjective, the religious, and the political in intellectual output and in the social sphere.

Four decades of urban sprawl and population growth in Teresina, Brazil

The expansion of medium-sized cities in Brazil has increased significantly since the 80–90's decades. In that period, most of the urbanization process was represented by the agglomeration of the population in the major metropolitan areas such as São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Nowadays, the rural-urban movement in Brazil is predominantly affecting cities with less than 1 million inhabitants, located particularly in the Center-West and in the Semiarid Northeast regions. The city of Teresina, the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Piauí, is one example that has shown an accelerated process of urban development. In this context, this paper seeks to discuss the urban sprawl of Teresina over the last four decades (1974–2014), associating its trends of urban expansion and population growth with their social and environmental implications. The results of our work indicate that urban sprawl in Teresina has been continuous over the years and getting faster in the 2010–2014 period. High demographic density areas are located mostly in peripheral zones, where the low-income population dominates. The population density varies across the city, and it is far from the standard proposed by the urban legislation. Thus, urbanization in Teresina is characterized by the sprawl of its municipal boundaries, intra-urban densification and verticalization, and an increase in population, especially in areas of low-income neighborhoods.

A peste no Brasil: a introdução das ideias freudianas no Brasil a partir da medicina e do modernismo

Resumo: Apresenta-se o momento histórico da entrada da teoria freudiana no Brasil como um processo que esteve intimamente relacionado às demandas da intelligentsia nacional em seu esforço de construção do projeto de nação que ecoava no país desde o final do século XIX. Ao identificarmos as duas vias discursivas de apropriação da psicanálise no Brasil, a medicina higienista e a arte modernista brasileira, pretendemos, neste estudo, indicar os traços que esses pontos de ancoragem deixaram no processo de construção do movimento psicanalítico nacional.

Homoafetividade e direito: um estudo dos argumentos utilizados pelos ministros do STF ao reconhecerem a união homoafetiva no Brasil

Resumo Em maio de 2011, o Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) reconheceu a união homoafetiva como entidade familiar, imprimindo novos rumos à causa dos movimentos homossexuais no Brasil. Contudo, apesar de esse marco institucional indicar uma mudança de paradigma, verifica-se que as concepções desfavoráveis sobre a homoafetividade e os direitos das minorias sexuais continuam sendo difundidas discursivamente pela sociedade. Objetivando delinear como o direito e as instituições jurídicas estão influenciando a vida social das pessoas, este artigo apresenta um estudo empírico acerca dos argumentos utilizados pelos ministros do STF em sua decisão. Tomando por base as premissas da análise crítica do dis-curso, realizou-se uma avaliação das justificativas dadas aos votos. Os resultados indicaram a existência de argumentos que variaram desde o reconhecimento da igualdade até a ênfase na diferença, mostrando que, apesar da unanimidade na decisão, ainda há muito o que conquistar para a efetivação da diversidade.

Fusões e Aquisições como Estratégia de Crescimento no Mercado de Educação Superior no Brasil nas Companhias de Capital Aberto

Across the world, mergers and acquisitions are widely used as a growth strategy, mainly in large multinational companies. In Brazil, this strategy has been widely used in the Private Higher Education sector. This movement has made large groups that have been spreading their operations throughout the country. The objective of this article is to explore the consolidation phenomenon in the private higher education sector versus the growth strategy used by consolidator groups, which are based on mergers and acquisitions. So, the study was thought to make a content about the Private Higher Education market in Brazil, and from there to interpret the role of mergers and acquisitions in the process of sector consolidation. This study also aims to map the movement of concentration and quantify it. For a market with so many regional differences and for a country that owns the largest private higher education company in the world, KROTON, it becomes important and strategic to discuss to where the industry is going for. From a documentary and exploratory analysis, this article seeks to describe the dynamic of mergers and acquisitions movements in Brazil and to highlight these growth strategies as a tool for public companies in the Brazilian market.

O que há em uma carta? Correspondências entre Poetas Concretos Brasileiros e Britânicos


 
 
 O artigo examina a recepção da Poesia Concreta brasileira no Reino Unido. Por meio da análise dos poemas do grupo Noigandres no The Times Literary Supplement de 1964, demonstramos como o caráter político e social do movimento é apropriado e reinterpretado por autores como Edwin Morgan e Ian Hamilton Finaly. Ademais, exploramos também como as correspondências particulares entre os escritores corroboraram para uma visão mais complexa da obra dos seus principais representantes no Brasil.
 
 

O Direito Chinês e a Mediação: Como o Brasil Chegará Lá?

A China produz ensinamentos em termos de solução autocompositiva de conflitos que podem influenciar o ocidente, em especial no que diz respeito a mediação de controvérsias. Sob essa influência, em 2010, inicia-se um movimento no Brasil, através da edição da Resolução 125 do Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ) que traz a mediação como política pública e como um instrumento possível para aplicação no Poder Judiciário. Desde então, uma lei especifica foi editada, assim como a mediação passou a constar no novo Código de Processo Civil. Por isso a indagação: Será que o Brasil está preparado para essa mudança de paradigma?

‘Vem Marchar com a Gente’/Come March with Us

Research Article| June 01 2016 ‘Vem Marchar com a Gente’/Come March with Us Sonia E. Alvarez Sonia E. Alvarez Sonia E. Alvarez teaches Latin American politics, race and gender politics, and social movements at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, where she directs the Center for Latin American, Caribbean and Latino Studies. Since the 1980s, she has been connected with feminist, women's, antiracist, and social justice movements in Brazil, Latin America, and globally, while conducting research on and with them. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Meridians (2016) 14 (1): 70–75. https://doi.org/10.2979/meridians.14.1.05 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Sonia E. Alvarez; ‘Vem Marchar com a Gente’/Come March with Us. Meridians 1 June 2016; 14 (1): 70–75. doi: https://doi.org/10.2979/meridians.14.1.05 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsMeridians Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 2016 Smith College2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Theory and practice of labour-centred development

This article outlines the theory and practice of labour-centred development (LCD). Much development thinking is elitist, positing states and corporations as primary agents in the development process. This article argues, by contrast, that collective actions by labouring classes can generate tangible developmental gains and therefore that, under certain circumstances, they can be considered primary development actors. Examples of LCD discussed here include shack-dwellers’ movements in South Africa, the landless labourers’ movement in Brazil, unemployed workers’ movements in Argentina and large-scale collective actions by formal sector workers across East Asia. The article also considers future prospects for LCD.

Echoes of the Lisbon station: the Brazilian left-wing movements in exile in Portugal

This essay explores two issues regarding the exile of left-wing Brazilians in Portugal between the April 25th Revolution and the promulgation of the Amnesty Act in Brazil (1979). At first it examines the ways the Portuguese state dealt with the presence of dozens of Brazilian exiles in its territory. Then it analyses the political strategies of the exiles in the “Comité Pró-Amnistia Geral no Brasil” (Committee for a General Amnesty in Brazil), an organisation that received the support of important Portuguese intellectuals and politicians.

Educação do Campo [Education for and by the countryside] as a political project in the context of the struggle for land in Brazil

Latin American and Brazilian rural social movements believe that significant social transformation requires the collective construction of a political project of an historical character. Education is conceived as an historical–cultural and political project to transform the peasantry into an historical subject through emancipatory educational–pedagogical praxis. The Landless Workers Movement (MST), the most emblematic peasant movement in Brazil, has played the leading role in this debate, which also includes many other peasant organizations. The MST has identified education as the key element in forging an historical–political actor out of the landless peasantry. This is articulated through the struggle for education for rural peoples, and along a theoretical–epistemic axis that revolves around the emergent concept of Educação do Campo (‘Education for and by the Countryside’). I ask how the MST conceptualizes education, and what the role is of education in strengthening peasant resistance and sharpening the dispute between political projects for the countryside. I focus on the epistemic dimensions of the concepts of education and pedagogy in the trajectory of the MST in Brazil, and I examine Educação do Campo as an educational-political project and in terms of policy conquests in the political dispute between the rival political projects for the Brazilian countryside of peasants and capital.

Hip-hop and the reconfiguration of Blackness in Sao Paulo: the influence of African American political and musical movements in the twentieth century

ABSTRACTHip-hop arrived in São Paulo, Brazil in the late 1970s. During this time, African Brazilians organized meetings known as ‘Black parties.’ At Black parties, people listened to music, danced and shared Black experiences. The Black parties were greatly influenced by African-American music such as soul, funk and jazz, and contemporary socio-political movements like Civil Rights and the Black Panther Party. African Brazilians disseminated images and symbols about blackness and called for Black pride. Phrases like James Brown's ‘Say It Loud: I'm Black and I'm Proud' were widespread. Today, hip-hop is recognized as an important influence in African-Brazilian history. The cultural exchange between Black youth in São Paulo and New York contributed to the reconfiguration of the Black movement in Brazil and was the vehicle by which African Brazilians acquired knowledge of the African diaspora. This essay will present three important arguments for understanding how hip-hop became a great political movement among Black youth in Brazil. My first argument is that African-American culture has provided a political language to what Paul Gilroy calls the ‘Black universe.’ This was accomplished through the public circulation of images and symbols about Black struggle. Secondly, São Paulo and New York, though structurally different, have similar histories in the areas of urban planning and population growth, and hip-hop had a comparable effect on marginalized communities in both cities. Finally, the cultural exchange between Black youth of São Paulo and New York helped change the Black movement and identity in São Paulo.

Communication and mental health: a discursive analysis of posters of the National Anti-Asylum Campaign Movement in Brazil

The article analyzes two posters that with the same slogan - "Asylums nevermore" - promote National Anti-Asylum Day. The analysis was based on principles of the symptomatology of social discourse, articulating analytical concepts and practices arising from the French School and the pragmatic dimension of discourse analysis. The results revealed affirmation strategies of the movement for the qualification and exacerbation of the issues of the enunciation and other enunciators, namely political actors of the anti-asylum movement and their allies. It also reveals the attempt to disqualify competitive discourse, especially that which discloses the serious problems of its institutional models, but also by juxtaposing the positive presence of the issuers and enunciators of the posters.

The Beginnings of the Anti-Mining Movement in Brazil

The Beginnings of the Anti-Mining Movement in Brazil

Poitín agus an “Tercer cine”

This article in the Irish language discusses Bob Quinn’s 1979 film Poitín in terms of its local, national and global connections. Quinn was an important part of Gaeltacht radicalism, especially Gluaiseacht Chearta Sibhialta na Gaeltachta, also known as the Gaeltacht Civil Rights movement. The film is also important for Irish cinema as a whole, coming at a time when there was considerable debate not only about the best strategies for language development but also about how national strategies for broadcast and cinema might integrate Irish. Among the least-discussed aspects of this film, are its connections to the global movement of Third Cinema, and this article seeks to place it in that context with special attention paid to movements in Brazil, Argentina, and Cuba (especially the concept of “Cine imperfecto” put forward by Julio García Espinosa).

Challenges of Working-Class Education at Present: The Landless Workers’ Movement Experience in Brazil

In this essay, we address the educational program and experiences of the Brazilian Landless Workers’ Movement (MST), as found in its camps, settlements, schools, and political training courses. One of the most active organized social movements in Brazil during the last thirty years, the MST combines political struggle with the organization of worker-controlled enterprises and educational opportunities for landless workers and their families. We begin with an excerpt from a report by one of us (Janaina Stronzake), which illustrates the ways in which the material conditions of an MST encampment led to a different kind of school, focused on the needs of students from the countryside.

História e cultura afro-brasileira: uma política curricular de afirmação da população negra no Brasil

The paper discuss the institutionalization of the mandatory teaching of theAfro-Brazilian history and culture, which is understood as a curricular policy that aims to promote the racial equality and that is a reference in the fight for an anti-racist education in Brazil. This is an exploratory study which was done from the academic production and the legislation concerning the theme. To achieve a better understanding of the Black Brazilian Movements’ anti-racist fight trajectory, we debated with the epistemic perspective of the Latin-American Post-Colony studies. We question the fundamentals and the context of the elaboration of an education policy for ethnical-racial relations in Brazil, in the group of policies that promote the racial equality; and we discuss the legal devices that institutionalize the educational policy.

Cooperação internacional católica: entre a política dos movimentos sociais e o ativismo da fé em ação

Resumo O artigo propõe uma análise das relações firmadas pela Catholic Agency for Overseas Development (CAFOD) com o movimento dos meninos de rua no Brasil na década de 1990 e com doadores católicos nas dioceses anglo-galesas. Pretende-se demonstrar que a particularidade da cooperação internacional católica não se encontra, como sugerem Morse e McNamara (2008), na existência de uma delimitada comunidade moral, mas nos tipos de saberes, técnicas e linguagens mobilizados a cada relação: técnico-burocráticos com doadores institucionais e católicos com doadores em paróquias. Tais relações permitem que se faça diferentes tipos de política: desde os movimentos sociais no Brasil em suas lutas específicas até os ativistas católicos britânicos, que tomam a justiça social como expressão de sua fé.

"Daí você nasceu minha filha": análise discursiva crítica de uma carta ao obstetra

Neste artigo, parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla sobre a representação discursiva do parto, realizamos análise discursiva crítica de uma carta ao obstetra que tematiza a violência obstétrica. A justificativa para a escolha desse tema é a hospitalização do parto no Brasil, onde se observa um índice de 82% de cesarianas na rede privada, o mais alto do mundo. E a escolha do objeto justifica-se por se tratar de gênero discursivo inovador e relacionado ao movimento pró parto natural no Brasil. Partindo de categorias analíticas como avaliação, coesão, modalidade, pressuposição, intensificação, investigamos estilos no texto, considerando a construção discursiva de identidade e identificação. Nossa análise aponta alto teor de intensificação e negação, além da expressão recorrente de afetos, julgamentos e apreciações. Considerado o documento como registro de uma conjuntura, interpretamos a avaliação do comportamento da médica como parte de uma crítica mais ampla ao modelo de assistência vigente no Brasil, o que materializa aspectos da luta hegemônica travada no discurso.

Decentering Comparative Fascist Studies

This article challenges a tendency that grew up in fascist studies in the 1930s to treat Fascism and Nazism as the only authentic expressions of fascism, and to evaluate and understand all other manifestations of the generic force as more or less derivative of them and hence of secondary importance when understanding ‘the nature of fascism’ as an ideology. This has created an artificial location of each fascism as being either at the core or periphery of the phenomenon, and has reinforced a Eurocentrism that leads to parallel movements in Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and South Africa to be neglected. It calls for wider acceptance of the realization that researching movements that did not seize autonomous power, such as the Croatian Ustasha, the Romanian Iron Guard, or the Transylvanian Saxons, can enrich understanding of aspects of Fascism and Nazism, such as the role of racism, eugenics, anti-Semitism and organized Christianity in determining the ideological contents ad fate of a particular fascism.