Motor Transport Company Research Articles

ПРОБЛЕМИ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ ТРАНСПОРТНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В АГРАРНОМУ СЕКТОРІ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article addresses the critical issue of modernization of transport support for the effective functioning of the agricultural sector of the economy. It is proven that today the material and technical support of the agricultural sector is experiencing a crisis and urgently requires modernization. Reforms in agriculture are changing the needs and creating market foundations for farms, procurement organizations, and processing enterprises, necessitating a reevaluation of the entire logistics and transportation infrastructure. The current state of the fleet of agricultural enterprises leads to significant difficulties in farming operations and ensuring the quality of agricultural products. Many agricultural enterprises face challenges with outdated and inefficient transport equipment, which increases operational costs and decreases productivity. It is noted that the evolving needs of agricultural enterprises in trucks, tractors, and other mechanisms are becoming increasingly objective and critical, underscoring the necessity for a modern, reliable transport infrastructure. Problems with the physical wear and tear of the material and technical base of agricultural enterprises are compounded by the increasing competition among transport enterprises and the complexity of transport maintenance. These challenges demand a review of scientific approaches and innovative management solutions. A holistic strategy is essential to address these issues, considering the interplay between ecological sustainability, economic viability, and social responsibility. For the effective operation of the agricultural sector, it is necessary to modernize the transport system to align with contemporary market conditions. This modernization should integrate ecological, economic, and social factors of the external environment, ensuring that transport solutions are sustainable and efficient. A comprehensive approach is required, involving the adoption of advanced technologies, the development of integrated transport networks, and the enhancement of logistical coordination. Key initiatives include the procurement of new transport units and equipment, the establishment of a unified electronic transport system, and the modernization of the infrastructure of auto transport enterprises and farms. Implementing these initiatives will lead to significant improvements in the efficiency and reliability of transport services, reducing downtime and operational costs. Moreover, the development of new management methods based on mutual benefits between motor transport companies and customers of services in the agricultural sector is crucial. These methods should focus on creating synergies through collaboration and shared goals, enhancing the overall efficiency and productivity of the agricultural sector. Addressing the modernization of transport support in the agricultural sector involves a multi-faceted approach that considers the dynamic needs of modern agriculture. By focusing on technological advancements, infrastructure improvements, and innovative management practices, the agricultural sector can overcome current challenges and achieve sustainable growth and development.

Strategic development of motor transport enterprises’ innovative processes in Ukraine

This study is aimed at developing a methodological approach to identify and justify the strategy for the development of enterprises` innovative processes, which enables considering alternatives and determining the priorities of adaptation as well as increasing the level of flexibility to changes in the business operating conditions. The study is based on the materials of 21 motor transport companies in Ukraine. The methodological toolkit is based on the proposed polyfactorial 3D model with the implementation of correlation, regression and cluster analysis. The use of the strategy for the innovation process development of the motor transport enterprise with the introduction of focus on the asymmetry of its directions increases efficiency, which becomes equal to the benchmark or close to the maximum efficient value.

Optimization of cargo delivery volumes by road carries in the system of providing transport services

The work considers the formulation of the problem of optimizing the transport process in transport service supply chains and the method of its solution. The study of the transport process of servicing incoming flows of cargo transportation orders showed that in the conditions of competition, motor transport companies try to optimize their activities. However, such optimization leads to the fact that carriers unreasonably refuse obviously promising orders, if the properties of the relevant transport processes are taken into account. It becomes quite difficult to achieve further improvement of the execution of a set of orders at the individual level. This means that transport processes for servicing a single incoming flow of orders should be based on new principles of synthesis. Despite the random nature of the orders, organizational relationships can be established between them, which can serve as signs for building an optimally structured integrated transport process. In order to solve the problem of optimization of the transport process, from the point of view of satisfaction the need for fulfilling orders for the transportation of goods, in transport service supply chains the use of structural modeling is proposed, which makes it possible to carry out the distribution of own vehicles of enterprises that interact with each other, to determine the need for their rental and in the amount of necessary information that, in aggregate, leads to the maximum profit of the enterprise.The initial data and conditions of the formulated task of order fulfillment planning were performed according to the criterion of the maximum profit of the motor vehicle enterprise. The purpose of these studies was the development of methodological bases for optimizing the volume of truck transportation of transport companies, taking into account the potential of their interaction at various levels.Keywords: transportation process, motor vehicle enterprise, supply chain, transportation order, optimization, profit.

SYSTEM OF OBJECTS IN MANAGING THE QUALITY OF LOGISTICS SERVICES AND PROCESSES AT THE MTE

This article examines the system of objects of logistics services and processes quality management in a motor transport enterprise. The paper determines that ineffective quality management of logistics business processes of an enterprise causes low quality of services and low customer satisfaction. The purpose of this article is to study and develop a system of objects in managing the quality of logistics services and processes in a motor transport enterprise from the standpoint of a logistics approach, which includes a set of integrated logistics business processes for quality formation, the requirements and the results of implementation. For this purpose, the main objects that affect the quality of logistics services in the motor transport enterprise are considered. It is determined that the goal of quality management is to improve the quality of products and services, and to achieve this, the authors recommend structural transformations, which include clarifying the boundaries of the object by including the elements of the external environment. The authors propose an approach to the formation of research objects, which includes defining goals, criteria for distinguishing between the object and the environment, the nature of interaction between the object and the environment, development of object models, and identification of its features and properties. The authors propose to distinguish labor quality as an element of the external environment and to establish its relationship with the quality of logistics services. Other elements of the external environment are the quality of information, the stages of quality formation, and the quality of labor items and tools. The quality of live labor and transportation services depends on the quality formation process. The logistics services of a motor transport company cover a wide range of services aimed at ensuring the efficient operation of the logistics system and managing all related processes. The stages of formation of the quality of logistics services are defined as a set of integrated basic, auxiliary, service and management logistics business processes, their interconnection, respectively, their “inputs” and “outputs” are considered. It is proposed to consider the system of quality objects in the MTE from the standpoint of the cybernetic approach and to present it as a set of dynamic links, each of which is integrating. This means that the input signal (quality of information, means and objects of labor, etc.) is transformed into an output signal (requirements for the quality of services). To ensure the high quality of logistics services (maintenance), the main, auxiliary, service and management processes are defined from the perspective of quality management in the MTE, the essence of the processes, the main stages of formation and quality indicators of business processes, as well as those responsible for quality assurance are described. The results of the study may be useful for motor transport enterprises that wish to improve the quality of their logistics services and management processes.

Research on the impact of cognitive biases of workers on the subjective assessment of occupational risk

Purpose. When assessing occupational risks (OR) of professional activities of employees of the motor transport company (MTC), there is often a problem to determine the probability of a hazardous event and the severity of its consequences under the influence of various cognitive biases. Therefore, there arises an urgent issue of taking into account the cognitive biases and their influence on the assessment of PR. This is achieved by studying the impact of awareness and worldview of employees on the assessment of PR and developing recommendations for reducing cognitive bias in determining the likelihood of a hazardous event. Methodology. The study involved 87 employees of the motor transport company of different ages, experience and level of education, who were interviewed on a specially designed checklist which provides for the ranking of harmful factors that affect the employee when performaning production tasks, taking into account the impact of five cognitive biases on the value the probability of a hazardous event. Findings. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that motor transport company workers with significant professional experience were most concerned about the intensity and pace of work, as well as the number of repetitive movements, which significantly affected the level of safety when performaning production tasks. Less experienced workers highlighted the intensity of work, the pace of work and the monotony of work and from the point of view of males, the greatest concern was the intensity and monotony of work, in contrast to females who are concerned about the pace of work and uncomfortable posture. It is determined that employees perceive occupational risk more optimistically if they understand that it is controlled. There has also been a deteriorating trend due to a lack of time to conduct a proper analysis of the impact of harmful factors on workers’ health. Originality. Relationship is established between cognitive biases that occur in employees during the assessment of OR with the determination of the probability of a hazardous situation, which increases the probability of errors from 10 to 20 % during professional activities. Practical value. Recommendations are developed to reduce the impact of subjective assessment on the magnitude of PR, which is based on increasing the number of participants with different worldviews, experience, education.

Исследование надёжности гидромеханических коробок передач городских автобусов в условиях эксплуатации

The article considers the problem of reliability of hydromechanical gearboxes of city buses with the terms of replacement of transmission oils regulated by the manufacturer, which negatively affect operational efficiency and efficiency in real conditions. The motor transport company has collected and processed information statistics on failures, malfunctions and repair activities in the part of hydromechanical gearboxes of city buses, which has been accumulated during operation. Reliability studies of hydromechanical gearboxes of city buses have been carried out. The list of considered hydromechanical gearboxes of city buses for research is summarized. Mathematical expressions are presented for calculating the values of reliability and durability indicators, namely, the main parameters are calculated - the number of failures or malfunctions, the average time to failure, the average resource, the standard deviation, the coefficient of variation, and the failure flow parameter. The key graphs of reliability and durability indicators of the analyzed hydromechanical transmissions of city buses are shown. Schedules for the distribution of nonfailure operating time, the allocation of resources before repair, as well as changes in the probability of repair of hydromechanical gearboxes of city buses are compiled. The scientific and technical groundwork for further promising research in this area is outlined.

Application of project financing methods in creating regional information system of road transport

This paper presents an analysis of the main methods of project financing to justify the source of funds when creating a regional information system for road transport, which is a database of the organizational activities operating on the principle of an information platform. The necessity of its use as an integral part of the transport digitalization process, the impact on strategic management and the efficiency of resource use has been substantiated. The functioning of the regional information system, its capabilities and the nature of its influence on the process of strategic management of a motor transport company are described. The possibility of its creation as a regional project has been substantiated in order to obtain the possibility of using project financing as a source of investment. The advantages of using an information system have been highlighted, as well as the main ways for further scientific research in the field of its legal organization and technological use of software. The novelty of the study has been reasoned by the absence of such information systems, as well as its consideration as a regional project that contributes to increasing the competitiveness of the Russian economy through the development of transport.

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ НЕЙРОННЫХ СЕТЕЙ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА РАБОТЫ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОЙ ЗОНЫ АВТОСЕРВИСА

The article deals with the issues of monitoring the operation of the zone for the maintenance and repair of vehicles at a service station using information technology. The production facilities of many stations are equipped with video surveillance cameras that could be used to monitor the operation of the service area, in particular, to determine the degree of loading of the post, its condition at a particular point in time, the fact that a mechanic and a car are at the post, as well as determining the routes of movement of production personnel. The information obtained can be integrated into the enterprise database and used to make management decisions and generate zone operation statistics. The implementation of the system is possible using a pre-trained ResNet50 convolutional neural network, which is used to detect objects «car» and «person». The developed model can be part of a management decision support system or a digital twin of a motor transport company.

ФОРМУВАННЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ РОЗВИТКУ АТП В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ

The article examines modern approaches to the formation of enterprise development strategies in modern conditions. Given the fact that Ukraine is at war with the Russian Federation, the strategies previously used by motor transport companies cannot be used to their full extent. Therefore, the article proposes the direction of strategic management, which will help preserve the integrity of ATP in modern conditions. The works of foreign and Ukrainian scientists were studied. What gave rise to the determination of the direction of management of the motor vehicle enterprise in modern conditions of war. The authors' works are devoted to marketing strategies for the sustainable development of the state. They are not very relevant when applied in modern conditions of war. Therefore, it became necessary to form a marketing strategy for the development of a motor vehicle enterprise in modern conditions. It was established that any strategy is formed on the basis of the main mission and goal of the enterprise. Since the modern transport industry has changed its main mission and its direction has become to provide the armed forces of Ukraine and the civilian population with everything they need. The article proposes a classifier of the strategic goals of the enterprise depending on its stage of the life cycle. The article proposes a mechanism for the step-by-step formation of a new marketing strategy. The definition of the marketing strategy for the development of the enterprise also depends on the specific situation. Therefore, the article sets out typical actions and stages of their implementation. Two options for the development of motor transport enterprises were studied: the marketing strategy is related to the development of the transportation system; the strategy is aimed at the development of the production and technical base and is related to the provision of services to ensure the operability of cars. It has been proven that currently, in the conditions of martial law, for the further development of the motor transport industry, it is necessary to use a strategy aimed at preserving VTB. A simulation model of the development of VTB motor vehicle enterprise in modern conditions is proposed.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЦІНОУТВОРЕННЯ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ ПОСЛУГ

The article is devoted to the study of the pricing of international bus transportation based on the value of the service for consumers. The object of research is the value of passenger road transport services. The purpose of the work is to study the factors that determine the value of international road transportation services from the point of view of their influence on the pricing of international bus transportation. Research method - methods of survey, synthesis and analysis, expert assessment. Pricing based on the value of the service will help to ensure the success of transport companies in the long term. In the conditions of martial law, the demand for international transportation is increasing, the price is also increasing, but the discrepancy between the quality and price of transport services remains, which leads to dissatisfaction of passengers with the services of most carrier companies. The survey of passengers of international bus routes made it possible to determine a number of factors that determine the consumer value of international bus transportation for Ukrainians. With the help of an expert assessment, it was determined that the most significant factors from the point of view of the value of international transportation are the condition of vehicles, comfort and professionalism and courtesy of drivers. Consistency of experts' opinions is confirmed by the coefficient of concordance and rank correlation. In the future, the results of the research can be used by motor transport companies when developing a pricing strategy for international bus transportation. Prognostic assumptions regarding the development of the object of research - the development of a pricing strategy based on the expectations of passengers of international bus routes.

PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF CITY TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

The article examines the state of operation of motor transport enterprises in Ukraine. It was established that the invasion of the Russian Federation caused crises in all sectors of the national economy. The transport industry currently has the mission of meeting the needs of the civilian population and the defense forces of Ukraine. But despite this, the main thing remains the formation of principles that will help to quickly change the strategic direction of the activities of motor transport enterprises. In the scientific world, more and more attention is paid to the strategic development of the motor transport industry. But the proposed strategic vectors in the modern conditions of martial law are not sufficiently productive and effective. It was established that city transport was in decline even before the war. Thus, the renewal of non-current assets during the specified period took place only at KP "Kyivpastrans" and PrJSC "Lvivske Komunalne ATP No. 1", but very passively, not exceeding the value of 2%. All other motor transport enterprises did not receive additional funding. That is, the main problem remains the outdated rolling stock, which currently cannot meet the needs of consumers of motor transport services. The article carries out a SWOT analysis of the transport industry of Ukraine. The analysis was carried out taking into account the state and development trends of the regions of the country. Currently, it is clear that the main factor holding back the strategic development of urban transport is the war. In addition to the general study of the motor transport sector of Ukraine, the article conducted a questionnaire survey of urban transport consumers to identify the level of consumer satisfaction with the service. It was established that the current assessment of ensuring the reliability and quality of passenger transportation is significantly complicated by indicators of the country's transport system development. Currently, quality standardization is not carried out at motor transport enterprises, there are no criteria in the reports of the enterprises characterizing the reliability of their work. On the basis of the conducted research, the article offers a selection of the main principles of the formation of the city transport development strategy. The presented principles will allow the management of the motor transport company in the conditions of war to quickly form an anti-crisis management strategy.

THE DEPENDENCE OF THE FUEL EFFICIENCY OF THE CAR ON THE TEMPERATURE REGIME OF THE MAIN UNITS DURING OPERATION IN A COLD CLIMATE

The analysis of fuel efficiency makes it possible to make a reasonable choice of the rolling stock of a motor transport company and its rational use when performing transport work. The temperature regime of the units and the associated change in the fuel efficiency of cars depends both on the design parameters and on the conditions in which the cars are operated, and primarily on the ambient temperature. A change in ambient temperature by 10 ° C leads to the fact that the total resistance to movement changes by about 8-10%, fuel consumption by 6-7%. If the ambient temperature decreases by 30 ° C, fuel consumption may increase by 25%. When the exhaust gas temperature increases by 10 ° C, the engine power decreases by 1.8-2.2% (more for diesels).

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИ ОБОСНОВАННАЯ ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ПОТОКОВЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ ПРИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ПЕРЕВОЗОК НА ОБЪЕКТЫ ПОЛУОСТРОВА КРЫМ

he article presents the results of a study on the economic justification of the use of technological schemes for the transportation of building materials to the objects under construction in the Republic of Crimea. The volume of construction in 2021 amounted to only 39 buildings, and in 2022 it is planned to hand over more than 60 construction projects and will approach the level of 2018. The paper examines the dynamics and characteristics of the functioning of the construction sector of the peninsula using the methodology of economic comparison, a systematic approach and logistics ABC analysis. The results of the ABC analysis showed that only five major developers are in group “A”, four are in group “B”, the remaining twenty–one are in group “C”. Methods of mathematical statistics were used to determine the regularity of random variables, elements, stages of the transportation process of construction goods. The developed technological projects for the transportation of sand from the Krasnogorsk quarry, crushed stone from the Trudolyubovsky quarry to Simferopol were economically justified. The application of the proposed recommendations made it possible to optimize the operation of the entire rolling stock, increase its productivity. The optimal technological scheme is No. 5 (the minimum total cost of transporting sand for one ride is 2,716 rubles.). The increase in the productivity of dump trucks ensures a reduction in the cost of transportation and a reduction in transport costs in the final cost of residential and non-residential facilities in Crimea. The analysis of the impact of technical and economic indicators on improving the efficiency of the transport process is carried out. The productivity of dump trucks for the transportation of sand and crushed stone can be increased in the range of – 15.0 - 38.5%, due to the application of our recommendations (use rolling stock with a larger load capacity, reduce the duration of the stages: cargo preparation for transportation; loading; transportation; unloading; delivery of rolling stock). The results of the implementation of recommendations to improve the economic efficiency of a motor transport company are presented. The effect for 1 ton of cargo at the maximum load of one excavator was: 23.2 rubles /ton when using MAZ-6501 relative to MAZ-5550; 7.4 rubles/ton relative to KamAZ-65115-50. The effect for 1 ton of cargo with minimal losses was: 23.9 rubles /ton when using MAZ-6501 relative to MAZ-5550; 8.9 rubles/ton relative to KamAZ-65115-50.

DRIVER’S TRIP TICKET IN A DIGITAL MODEL OF AN EFFICIENT MOTOR TRANSPORT COMPANY

Study and assessment of applications of a driver’s trip ticket within the scope of a motor transport company’s digital transformation are of practical interest. One of the functions of a trip ticket is ensuring road traffic safety during transportation, as it document ally confirms that the vehicle is technically sound and the driver has passed a medic al examination. Moreover, the trip ticket also allows monitoring if the driver complies with the work and rest schedule. The trip ticket is a document confirming the reasonableness of the amount spent by the motor transport company.
 Study of a digital system for a motor transport company management has demonstrated the errors or fraud of employees during trip tickets processing. A conceptual diagram of the Transportation Management System is presented, which provides the application of route optimization programs, the results of vehicles satellite monitoring, the formation of daily tasks, and the preparation of work reports. This is the basis we propose for improving business processes to increase the efficiency of transport activities.
 Purpose: study of the role of trip tickets and their processing by a digital management system in increasing the efficiency of a motor transport company.
 Methodology: Process Mining associated with keeping and processing trip tickets.
 Results: Collected statistics allows improving business processes of the motor transport company to increase the efficiency of its activities.
 Practical implications: Companies with any form of incorporation and in any economic sector operating motor vehicles.

КРИТЕРИИ И ЭТАПЫ ОЦЕНКИ СОЦИАЛЬНО- ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ АВТОТРАНСПОРТНЫХ УСЛУГ

The article presents a generalized scheme of consumer loyalty of customers in relation to the innovative services of a motor transport company. The ways of contact of the largest motor transport companies in Russia with customers to consider their complaints and suggestions are considered. A scheme for evaluating consumer innovations is proposed on the example of a conditional motor transport enterprise X using the method of modeling structural equations.

Assessment of the state, threats and risks of the economic security system of motor transport enterprises of the Kirov region

The article is devoted to the topical issue of assessing the state, threats and risks of the economic security system on the example of motor transport enterprises of the Kirov region. The article presents an overview of modern research by various authors on the topic under study: basic views, approaches to the classification of threats and risks, indicator systems for assessing the level of economic security. The author’s approach to assessing the economic safety of motor transport enterprises is proposed in the study. Thus, the authors propose to investigate four groups of factors for assessing the economic safety of motor transport enterprises: the quality of the road network, the efficiency of the use of truck transport, the efficiency of the use of bus transport, the efficiency of transport enterprises. The result of the study was an assessment of factors determined by the authors. It allowed us to draw a number of key conclusions. The main result is that for all four selected groups of factors, there is a decrease in the level of transport security of the Kirov region. To change the observed trends, it is necessary to implement comprehensive programs for the development of the regional economy. It includes an increase in government spending on strengthening and increasing the basic parameters of transport security. Motor transport companies should not stand aside from the innovations implemented in the world. Innovations are connected with the use of a model range of electric vehicles, unmanned motor transport. These innovations are able to significantly reduce the risks and threats to the activities of road transport enterprises. They will significantly improve financial results.

Повышение безопасности дорожного движения в условиях профессионального подбора водителей с учетом психофизиологических качеств

The professional suitability of a driver in motor transport enterprises is often limited by medical indicators, age and experience. Having a driver’s license of category B or C, driving experience of at least 3 years and a candidate who has reached the age of 21, within a few months of training can become a bus driver. Taking into account the increased social responsibility of the bus driver’s professional activity, it is important to apply an integrated approach to recruitment. The relevance of the work is confirmed by the results of an experimental study of the influence of the level of development of psychophysiological qualities of drivers on accident rates. It was found that at the enterprise in which professional selection of drivers was carried out using psychophysiological testing, the accident rate is 62.5% less than at the enterprise in which testing was not carried out. The aim of the work is to improve road safety in the conditions of using a set of methods of professional selection of drivers, taking into account psychophysiological qualities. The paper uses methods of mathematical statistics, the content component for which was obtained using the software and hardware complex UPDK-MK “Driving School” JSC (Neurocom). As a result of the conducted research, the possibility of differentiating candidates for the position of driver by types of transport work at the stage of professional selection is proved, which helps to reduce potential driver errors, thereby increasing its reliability and driving safety. Of the total number of candidates, 58% showed a high level of psychophysiological qualities. The distribution of the shares of candidates by types of transport work has been established: urban freight transportation — 31%, intercity freight transportation — 16%, urban passenger transportation — 6% and intercity passenger transportation — 5%. The scientific novelty of the study is the share distribution of successful candidates for the driver’s position in the conditions of using a set of techniques that differ from the well-known ones in that at the stage of professional selection it allows differentiating candidates by types of transport work: urban and intercity, freight and passenger transportation. The practical significance of the study is to improve road safety through the use of a differentiated approach to the selection of drivers of motor transport companies, taking into account the transport work performed. Further research is aimed at creating a system for improving the psychophysiological characteristics of drivers and candidates for drivers.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ОСНОВИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ МОНІТОРИНГУ РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТІ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ АВТОТРАНСПОРТНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

Based on the analysis of scientific views on the provision of a meaningful characteristic of the concept of «monitoring» and on the basis of the research carried out, the author's definition of the concept of «monitoring the performance of an enterprise» is given. formed, defined the main tasks of monitoring the activities of the enterprise; The content of the monitoring system has been clarified and the role and place of monitoring in the management system of a motor transport company has been substantiated. The object of the research is the process of monitoring the performance of motor transport enterprises. The purpose of the work is to develop the terminology for monitoring the performance of enterprises based on the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific sources, international concepts and regulatory documents. Research methods are general scientific. The growth of efficiency and effectiveness of activities is one of the urgent tasks for domestic transport enterprises. The statistics of recent years indicate that the profitability of transport enterprises is at a low level, and almost a third of the enterprises in the industry are unprofitable. Consequently, the present requires increased requirements for effective control over the processes carried out in the enterprise and allowing to obtain the planned results. The most acceptable means for solving this problem is to ensure the monitoring of the performance of enterprises in order to identify and assess the factors of influence and make corrective management decisions. Generalization of the results of the study of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of monitoring the activities of an enterprise allows us to give our own definition of monitoring the performance of a motor transport enterprise: a set of measures for the collection, accumulation, systematization, analysis and forecasting of performance indicators of an enterprise aimed at ensuring its sustainable development. Monitoring is a necessary part of performance management, which makes it possible to systematically assess the degree of achievement of the operational and strategic goals of the enterprise, to investigate emerging problems, to determine ways for further development and to adjust management actions. KEYWORDS: MONITORING, EFFICIENCY MONITORING, MONITORING SYSTEM, EFFICIENCY

Forecasting the Risks of an Organization Operating Natural Gas Vehicles Using a Scoring Model of Logistic Regression in the Presence of Expert Restrictions

The paper proposes a method and describes a mathematical model for express analysis of the attractiveness of the operation of vehicles running on natural gas for a motor transport company. The proposed solution is based on a logistic regression scoring model used by banks to assess the creditworthiness of a borrower. To improve the quality of the results, the model is extended with a set of expert restrictions formulated in the form of rules. During the analysis, signs were identified that require quantization, since individual intervals of values ??turned out to be associated with risk in different ways. The developed mathematical model is implemented in the form of software in a high-level programming language, the information of the model is stored in a database management system and is integrated with an information system for supporting management decisions when operating vehicles on natural gas. The developed athematical model was tested on a test training sample. The test results showed a satisfactory accuracy of the proposed model at the level of 77 % without the use of expert restrictions and 79 % with their use. At the same time, the share of Type II errors was 2.7 %, and Type I errors were 7.2 %, which indicates that the model is quite conservative, and a relatively high proportion of vehicles that meet the requirements were rejected.

Theoretical aspects of assessing the residual engine oil resource

The article reflects issues related to changes in the properties of engine oil during operation. Proposals are considered for creating a methodology for assessing the residual resource of engine oil by the example of changing the kinematic viscosity. The operating conditions of cars vary greatly, which affects the change in the engine oil resource. Automotive manufacturers set the engine oil change interval in kilometers. The actual resource of the engine oil may differ significantly from that recommended by the manufacturer of the equipment and declared by the manufacturer of the oil. The article presents the factors that determine the resource of engine oil and theoretical aspects of assessing the residual resource of engine oil. To assess the residual life of the engine oil, it is proposed to select a diagnostic indicator that comprehensively evaluates the state of the operating oil, assign limit values for the diagnostic indicator, fix the values of the diagnostic indicator during daily maintenance of the car, replace the dependence by which the diagnostic indicator changes with an approximating straight line, determine the coefficients for the approximating direct based on the last and previous values of the diagnostic indicator and operating time, calculate the engine oil operating time to the limit state according to a linear relationship The results of testing and forecasting the residual resource of engine oil for a motor transport enterprise are presented. Calculations made it possible to establish that the frequency of engine oil change can be increased relative to that adopted at a motor transport company by 28.3%.