Category Of Motives Research Articles

Motivational aspects of wintering in polar stations

For over one hundred years, humans have been actively exploring polar regions. At present, each year, several thousand people work at polar stations in the Arctic and Antarctica. Polar stations have unique workplace characteristics; the conditions are classified as isolated, confined, and extreme. This leaves the important question of what motivates people to carry out professional tasks in such a context, particularly during wintering over in a polar station. The current study was designed to answer that question. Eighty-six winterers (22 women and 64 men) from ten different countries described their motivation to winter over. The qualitative approach, thematic analysis, was applied to data analysis. Two coding cycles were applied: initial coding and theming of the data. Fifty-six detailed categories were identified and then grouped thematically, resulting in 17 main categories. The three main motivation categories were challenge and adventure (N = 36), unique experience (N = 16), and performance of the job (N = 15). There were also differences in motivation between explorers from different countries, from Arctic and Antarctica polar stations, from civilian and military polar stations, and between female and male polar expeditioners. Obtained results can be applied to improve selection procedures and better support expeditioners during their stay in the polar station.

Isotropic and numerical equivalence for Chow groups and Morava K-theories

In this paper we prove the conjecture claiming that, over a flexible field, isotropic Chow groups coincide with numerical Chow groups (with Fp\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}${\\Bbb {F}}_{p}$\\end{document}-coefficients). This shows that Isotropic Chow motives coincide with Numerical Chow motives. In particular, homs between such objects are finite groups and ⊗ has no zero-divisors. It provides a large supply of new points for the Balmer spectrum of the Voevodsky motivic category. We also prove the Morava K-theory version of the above result, which permits to construct plenty of new points for the Balmer spectrum of the Morel-Voevodsky A1\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}${\\mathbb{A}}^{1}$\\end{document}-stable homotopy category. This substantially improves our understanding of the mentioned spectra whose description is a major open problem.

Achievement of Physical Education Learning Results Based on Gender Review and Learning Motivation on High School Students in the Yogyakarta Region, Indonesia

This research aims to examine differences in Physical Education (PE) learning outcomes for high school students based on gender and learning motivation. The sample in this research was 84 high school students in Yogyakarta and was taken using a simple random sampling system. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and inferential factorial two-way anova. The mean score for male students in the low learning motivation category was 86.29 and female students in the low learning motivation category was 83.71. The mean score for male students in the moderate learning motivation category was 83.21 and female students in the moderate learning motivation category was 84.14. The mean score for male students in the high learning motivation category is 85.64 and female students in the high learning motivation category is 82.64. The results of the Anova test on the learning motivation factor variable value Sig. 0.42 < 0.05 means that there is a significant difference or influence between students' learning motivation (low, medium and high) on PE learning outcomes. In the gender factor variable, the Sig. value 0.001 < 0.05 means that there is a significant difference or influence between gender (male and female) on PE learning achievement. Next, on the variables of learning motivation and gender, the Sig. value 0.000 < 0.05 means that there is an influence or interaction between learning motivation factors and gender on students' PE learning outcomes. The conclusion is that PE design needs to take into account the specifics of gender and type of sport. This is so that male and female students have the right to exercise according to their portion in order to benefit from the PE program at school. Apart from that, it is also to provide maximum enjoyment and achievement for students in various games and sports activities in PE without any pressure. The conclusion is that motivational factors and gender significantly interact and influence students' PE learning outcomes. Therefore, it is important for teachers to consider these two factors in designing and implementing effective PE learning, paying special attention to the specific needs and conditions of each student based on their respective learning motivation and gender. Keywords: Achievement, Learning Results, Physical Education, Students, Gender, Learning Motivation

WEBSITES IN VASCULAR HEALTH: A TOOL FOR WHOM? USER CHARACTERISTICS AND MOTIVATIONS

Objective: Limited data is available to describe the characteristics and motivations of users of health websites. Self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000) proposed three categories of motivation: 1) autonomous motivation: engaging in a behavior because it is perceived to be consistent with intrinsic and meaningful goals, 2) controlled motivation: engaging in a behavior for reward, or trying to avoid feelings of guilt, and 3) amotivation: lack of autonomous and controlled motivation. The aim of this study is to profile users and described the motivations behind using a health website. Design and method: In this multicenter study, participants had to be 18 years and older, concerned by a vascular health condition, and skilled to use digital tools. They were approached by collaborating physicians (n=30) during routine consultations or through social networks. An anonymous, validated electronic questionnaire assessed socio-demographic variables, digital competence, and motivations for using a health website. Results: 137 participants, mean age of 65.25 (± 11.78 years, 52.5% female) were recruited. The most prevalent diagnoses among participants were hypertension (48.70%) and diabetes (31.40%). The group aged 64 and below self-evaluated with better digital competence (8.97 ± 2.76) compared to the 65-74 age group (7.5 ± 2.70) and the 75 years and older group (6.41 ± 3.25) (p < 0.01). The difference between the women's and men's group did not reach statistical significance. Regarding motivation to consult a health website, the group aged 64 and below shows higher autonomous motivation (5.53± 0.16) than the 65-74 age group (5.33 ± 0.11) and the 75 years and older group (5.40 ± 0.38) (p < 0.01). Autonomous motivation was higher in the women's group (5.48 ± 0.13) than in the men's group (5.39 ± 0.32) (p < 0.05). Inversely, controlled motivation (2.94 ± 0.58) and amotivation (3.61 ± 0.33), was higher in men's group than in women's group (2.54 ± 0.55 and 3.30 ± 0.40) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Motivations to use a health website vary according to gender and age. This study may contribute to a more tailored to users and guide the development and dissemination of health websites.

Dobrovolná služba vlasti. Zájem o vstup do aktivní zálohy Armády ČR v době krize

This article focuses on the motivations of candidates for service in the Active Reserve or for completing Voluntary Military Training. In the context of the ongoing war in Ukraine, people’s interest in service is sharply rising. Thus, the main research objective is to shed light on the motivations for serving in the military in the context of the proximity to potential threats, for which I used the qualitative research methods of semi-structured interview analysis, participant observation, social network analysis, and secondary data. In this article, I provide an overview of the existing research and introduce concepts through which the Active Reserve Institute can be perceived, especially the concepts of responzibilization and that of reserve soldiers being transmigrants. This article is the output of a completed bachelor thesis on the topic. It contains a cross-section of this work and its findings, which show the need for new motivation categories and how the presence of potential conflict affects the perception of defense in the eyes of society.

과학 영재 특성 구인과 과제 수행 단계의 연관성

In this study, it was assumed that it was necessary to separately investigate the characteristics of gifted students in science at each stage in the process of performing a task, rather than a single characteristic. For this purpose, the affective characteristics of gifted children, which are traditionally emphasized, such as motivation, passion, and task concentration, were assumed to be characteristics that are uniquely emphasized at each stage of task performance, such as beginning, progress, and completion. Afterwards, each category was matched to the task performance stage, and then the relationships within and between categories were investigated. These results showed that the affective characteristics of the gifted students in science had correlations within categories. However, the correlation of questions between categories was relatively high between the motivation category and the passion category, but the correlation between the motivation and task concentration categories was low. This means that each characteristic in the task concentration category is more unique than those in other categories. This pattern appeared similarly in all grades of middle school, with relatively more distinct results in the third grade. The correlation between the characteristics of each stage investigated in this study indicates that it continues meaningfully while students perform learning tasks regardless of grade in middle school.

Students Motivation Levels and Barriers to Learning Physical Education: Senior High School Perspective

This study investigated high school students motivation and barriers to implementing Physical Education (PE). This study used a descriptive quantitative research survey method involving 300 samples. The instrument utilizes an online motivation questionnaire for data collection. The data is analyzed using percentage analyses. The results of data analysis with indicators of student motivation reveal that the Intrinsic motivation and Identified regulation categories have higher results and identical values, with a value of 23%, and the Amotivation category, with a value of 15%, has lower results among other motivation indicators including intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, introjected regulation, external regulation. The indicator of student barriers shows that the external category has higher results with a value of 54%, and the internal category has lower results with a value of 46%. This research indicates that intrinsic motivation and identified regulation have identical values and are higher than the other motivation categories. It concludes that many students still have the motivation that grows from themselves and pressure from outside to participate in physical education learning. Barriers can also be concluded by examining higher external than internal indicators. This study shows that students have barriers that prevent them from growing outside to participate in educational learning activities.

Outbound Profit Shifting and the Propensity to Engage in Cross‐Border Acquisitions

AbstractAccountability‐avoiding foreign direct investment (FDI) is a category of financial motives explaining where firms invest and how, yet our grasp of this phenomenon is incomplete. In contrast with tax‐haven FDI, where multinational enterprises (MNEs) invest in a host country to pursue inbound profit shifting, we consider a novel motive – FDI attracted by low host country financial transparency that enables outbound profit shifting (OPS). Cross‐border acquisitions (CBAs) are a takeover route to achieving OPS and global tax optimization. Our empirical context is 39,951 CBAs by 315 acquirers from 26 countries in the 1996–2015 period. We hypothesize and empirically show a positive relationship between OPS and CBAs and the probability that equity ownership of CBAs will be high. We find that the relationship between OPS and CBAs is stronger the more attractive or income unequal the host market, or when the multinational's industry is vertically or horizontally integrated. We attribute the lack of support for our hypothesis that MNEs require in‐house capability to conduct OPS to tax planning consultancies’ services. These findings highlight the role of low financial transparency as a novel locational determinant of OPS‐pursuing FDI and emphasize the distinction between inbound and outbound profit shifting as manifestations of accountability‐avoiding FDI.

ANALISIS PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA SISWA PADA MATERI TEOREMA PHYTAGORAS DITINJAU DARI MOTIVASI BELAJAR KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 1 LOLOFITU MOI

This research aims to describe students' ability to understand concepts and learning motivation, especially regarding the Pythagorean theorem material. This research uses this type of research Qualitative with a descriptive approach. The informants in this research were class VII students at SMP Negeri 1 Lolofitu Moi with a total of 20 students. Data were analyzed using the steps of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The instruments in this research were concept understanding ability tests, questionnaires, and interviews. Based on the results of the research and discussion, the researcher concluded that class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Lolofitu Moi had different abilities in understanding concepts and students' learning motivation. In the concept understanding test it is in the poor category. The results of the test research show that the intrinsic motivation category is in the high and medium categories. Meanwhile, the results of the extrinsic motivation questionnaire were in the high and medium categories. The researchers' findings showed that they were unable to carry out mathematical manipulations; students are unable to draw conclusions, compile evidence, provide reasons or evidence for the truth of the solution, students are unable to draw conclusions from statements; and students are unable to draw patterns or properties of mathematical phenomena to make generalizations. Meanwhile, regarding learning motivation, most students are not yet able to study independently. Through this research, it is suggested that the emphasis on learning should not only be on outcomes, but more on processes related to students' ability to understand concepts and learning motivation.

The Continuing Training of Nurses and their Impact on their Organizational Commitment

Objective: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect exerted by nurses' participation in lifelong nursing education programs on their levels of organizational commitment. Theoretical Framework: Discusses the importance of lifelong learning in the nursing profession, highlighting how continuous development of knowledge and skills is essential due to rapid advances in medicine and healthcare. It stresses that continuing education is a critical part of lifelong learning, necessary for the improvement of patient care and adaptation to socio-economic, technological and demographic changes. Method: This is primary quantitative research. The sample consists of 121 Greek nurses, employed in Attica. The response rate was 48%. The research instrument was a structured questionnaire sent via e-mails. SPSS version 23 was used for statistical analysis. In descriptive statistics, means and standard deviations were presented, and in inductive statistics, Pearson's correlation test and regression analysis were performed. Results and Discussion: The results showed a positive and statistically significant correlation between four of the five categories of nurses' participation motivations: "Professional Service", "Collegial Learning and Interaction", "Personal Benefits and Job Security" and "Personal Commitment and Reflection". Well-targeted programmes can strengthen organisational loyalty, suggesting that continuing education is fundamental to personal and professional development, as well as benefiting the quality of patient care and job satisfaction. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of nursing and continuing education programmes. These implications could encompass the professional performance and post-graduate training and work attitudes of staff working in the public health sector. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by exploring how nurses' continuing education impacts their organisational commitment in Greece. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced because it shows how continuing nursing education improves the quality of patient care and the overall functioning of health care organisations.

TRENDS TOWARDS BUILDING A SYSTEM OF PERSONNEL INCENTIVES IN THE FIELD OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION

The article voices the problems of multiple approaches to building a system of employee incentives from the positions of labor economics, psychology and management. An analysis of the content characteristics of the personnel incentives category used by the authors in the scientific literature is carried out, and in order to compile a holistic picture of the field of study, the categories of labor incentives and motivation are analyzed. Theoretical analysis revealed that there is no single approach to the interpretation of the concept of “stimulation”, which is often replaced by the category of “motivation” A list of factors that have a stimulating and motivating effect on work activity is proposed. The features of motivating incentives are highlighted in relation to the specifics of the activities of the organization of additional education. It was revealed that in order to stimulate personnel in the organization of additional education, increasing social status and seeing the prospects for personal development can serve as an element of motivation and should contribute to the development of professional competencies. The balance of coincidence of interests of the individual and the organization is included in the proposed concept of the mechanism for stimulating staff of the organization of additional education. A list of motivating factors for building a personnel incentive system was generated, and on its basis a study was conducted among 36 employees of an additional education organization. It was revealed that, along with traditional effective incentives (monetary remuneration based on work results, comfortable working conditions, benefits, gratitude, rewards, safety), it is important for employees of additional education organizations to feel involved in the employer and the opportunity for self-realization and self-development. As a study result, three groups of psychological, social and non-material incentives were proposed as the basis of a generalized model of stimulating staff of an additional education organization, based on the harmonization of the interests of the subjects of the study: the individual and the organization.

Proximal Motives of Sexual Arousal, Power, and Relationship for Sexual Aggression: Supporting the Millennial Shift

ABSTRACT We examined three proximal motives for sexual aggression (sexual persistence after a turn down): sexual arousal, power, and relationship. The MTurk sample consisted of 264 adults: 92 Millennial men (35%), 51 Millennial women (19%), 82 Gen X men (31%) and 39 Gen X women (15%). The motive data, measured by the Sexual Aggression Motive Assessment (SAMA), were unanalyzed data extracted from the authors’ previous study of the Millennial shift, a phenomenon in which Millennial women, as compared to older generation women, showed higher levels of sexual aggression, while Millennial men, in comparison to older generation men, demonstrated lower levels of sexual aggression. For all respondents combined, the most chosen motive category was sexual arousal (95%), followed by relationship (49%), and then by power (18%) with 50% choosing two or more motive categories. Providing conceptual support for the Millennial shift, significantly more Millennial women than Gen X women chose motives of sexual arousal and power as reasons for perpetrating sexual aggression. An important finding for the relationship motive is that substantial numbers of both men and women engaged in sexual aggression because they felt that having sex would make the person like them.

Antecedents of Workaholism and Work Engagement: A Motivational Perspective in Research on Heavy Work Involvement

In this perspective article, we propose encompassing the motivational perspective to enrich future studies on two forms of heavy work involvement (HWI): workaholism and work engagement. Based on the holistic definition of motivation, we build a theoretical instrumentation that includes four motivational categories that are presented and characterized by relevant key terms: I. Activation and energy of action; II. Action orientation and action realization; III. Competencies and cognitive processes; IV. Work environment and the context of action. We use these categories in an analysis of the latest contemporary research which has investigated the motivational determinants of both workaholism and work engagement. Our analysis shows that studies in this perspective are in the initial stages; we propose examples of theories and models as well as important precise questions embedded in each I-IV motivation category that can stimulate future research directions. The concluding comments include three main recommendations for future research on HWI.

The four operations on perverse motives

Let k be a field of characteristic zero with a fixed embedding \sigma:k\hookrightarrow \mathbf{C} into the field of complex numbers. Given a k -variety X , we use the triangulated category of étale motives with rational coefficients on X to construct an abelian category \mathscr{M}(X) of perverse mixed motives. We show that over \mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(k) the category obtained is canonically equivalent to the usual category of Nori motives and that the derived categories \mathrm{D}^{\mathrm{b}}(\mathscr{M}(X)) are equipped with the four operations of Grothendieck (for morphisms of quasi-projective k -varieties) as well as nearby and vanishing cycles functors and a formalism of weights. In particular, as an application, we show that many classical constructions done with perverse sheaves, such as intersection cohomology groups or Leray spectral sequences, are motivic and therefore compatible with Hodge theory. This recovers and strengthens work by Zucker, Saito, Arapura and de Cataldo–Migliorini and provides an arithmetic proof of the pureness of intersection cohomology with coefficients in a geometric variation of Hodge structures.

‘Hotels are much easier’: motivation for non-participation in travel-related sharing economy exchanges

ABSTRACT The rise of the sharing economy (SE) has inspired researchers to examine the motivation behind user participation in SE exchanges. Few studies have, however, examined the motivational factors that deter participation in SE exchanges. This study investigates the motivation for non-participation as both consumer and provider and uses self-determination theory to contrast these findings with motivation for participation in SE exchanges. The study also examines the characteristics of the assets people are unwilling to share through SE exchanges. Data is collected through 16 semi-structured interviews with informants from Norway. Six motivational categories pertaining to non-participation were identified through thematic analysis: (1) Economic motivation, (2) lack of utility, (3) perceived personal cost of participation, (4) conflicts with personal values, (5) social motivation, and (6) safety concerns. Additionally, several descriptive categories pertaining to the characteristics of the assets informants were unwilling/willing to share were identified. These findings provide new insights into deterrents to SE participation, which have important practical and theoretical implications.

Uses and Grindifications: Examining the Motivators and Antecedents of Grindr Usage Among GBMSM

ABSTRACT Grindr is a popular geospatial networking application (GSNA) among gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (GBMSM); it can be used for variety of goals (e.g. finding dates, making friends, or coordinating a hookup) depending on the user’s wants. These needs and wants, however, do not arise in a vacuum. Informed by uses and gratification (U&G) theory, this paper examined individual factors such as race, body image and depression as drivers of the motivations behind Grindr usage In an online cross-sectional survey (N = 102), we explored the antecedents of six different motivations (i.e. friendship, sex, entertainment, romantic partnership, social inclusion, and location-based community) for Grindr use among GBMSM. The results revealed that romance and friendship motives increased Grindr usage compared to the other four motivation categories. Across motivation categories, habitual Grindr usage was a significant driver of continued Grindr use. Individual factors such as race, sociosexuality and self-disclosure also influenced users’ motivations to use Grindr. Overall, the results point to individual factors eliciting differing motivations for Grindr use, resulting in either outcome-based or passive usage of the application.

The Kardashians, Live! Fabricating Liveness in the Sex-Tape-Derived Reality Series

This article explores the fabrication of liveness, understood as a category of affective urgency and narrative motivation, in two reality series derived from a sex tape scandal: Keeping Up with the Kardashians and The Kardashians. The reality programs narratively incorporate Kim’s live TV appearances to compensate for the sex tape intertext’s incomplete liveness. Consequently, the Kardashian series suggest that live TV might imbue other media genres, like reality TV and sex tapes, with the liveness those genres only partially replicate. At the same time, the Kardashian series indicate a deficiency in live TV’s intertextual influence. The two series necessitate artificial liveness, produced through esthetic techniques, and simulated liveness, manufactured from imitations of live TV, to bolster the liveness of Kim’s live TV appearances. The Kardashians’s intertext, Saturday Night Live, clarifies this complication in live TV’s intertextual impact by parodying live TV’s decline as the dominant medium for liveness.

An Analysis of the Wave of Overseas Studying on College Graduates in First-tier Cities in China from the Perspective of Bourdieu's Theory of Class

Based on Bourdieus concepts of capital and habitus in his theory of class, this paper uses qualitative research methods to analyze the motivations for studying abroad and interpret the consciousness and perceptions of students growing up in China's first-tier urban areas. Through the analysis of personal interviews with five students from Beijing, Shenzhen, and Dongguan, three categories of motivation were summarized: perceived class, ubiquitous habitus, and unusual paths beyond habitus. The result indicates that studying abroad is not a mechanical inheritance from social class, but also an active self-pursuit from the spirit cultivated by capital, which is related to the self-expectation and realization of individual value. Therefore, studying abroad is a creative result of their growth process, and the experiences brought by studying abroad are breakthrough products of self-growth under social stratification.

Correlation of the caring behaviour of nurses with the motivation of patients undergoing haemodialysis

Background/Aim: There is a need to establish a satisfactory level of performance for nurses working in haemodialysis units, which will provide qualified competent nurses who will take care of patients. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the caring behaviour of haemodialysis nurses with the motivation of patients undergoing haemodialysis. Methods: The research design was a descriptive correlation approach. The subjects of this study were patients who were undergoing therapy in the haemodialysis room. Researchers collected data for 1 month in September 2023. The relationship between nurses' caring behaviour and haemodialysis patient motivation was determined by conducting a Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results: Out of 118 patients, 48.7 % of patients thought nurses had poor caring behaviour. The research results also showed that patient motivation in undergoing haemodialysis was in the low motivation category (47.8 %). There was a significant relationship between nurses' caring behaviour and patient motivation in undergoing haemodialysis therapy (p = 0.0001). Based on the correlation coefficient value (r = 0.632), the two variables had a strong relationship. Conclusion: Nurses' caring behaviour can increase patient motivation in undergoing haemodialysis therapy. Nurses' caring behaviour still needs to be optimised because the interaction between nurses and patients in the treatment process provides support to patients.

THE MOTIVATION FOR USING THE SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORM TIKTOK FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE USES AND GRATIFICATIONS THEORY

The way we communicate on a daily basis has changed significantly since the turn of the 21st century. Besides communication platforms, social media has become the leading generator of opinions, ideas, thoughts, and emotions, especially among younger populations. The circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic further stimulated the popularity of certain social media platforms, with TikTok being at the forefront (Fratila, 2021; Kennedy, 2020). Previous research has shown a wide range of motivational factors for using the TikTok social media platform, including entertainment, which is the most prominent, followed by social interaction and connection. Additionally, social media is often used for leisure, self-expression, archiving, escapism, learning new skills, following celebrities and influencers, trends, and more (Berthon et al., 2008; Muntinga et al., 2011; Omar & Dequan, 2020; Yaqi, Lee & Liu, 2021; Khairul Nuzuli, 2022). The theoretical framework of the study is based on the Uses and Gratifications approach, which will be used to interpret the results. The aim is to examine which gratifications drive the use of TikTok. The sample consists of 135 students from the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Niš. The data collection method used is a questionnaire. The questionnaire includes items that were developed and used by Omar & Dequan, (2020) and Khairul Nuzuli, (2022), covering five categories of motives: information, personal identity, interaction and social integration, entertainment, and self-expression. Keywords: social media, TikTok, usage motives, uses and gratification, youth