Category Of Motives Research Articles

Survey of learning motivation of elementary school students starting face-to-face learning after the covid 19 pandemic in Bangli regency

This study aims to determine the level of learning motivation of elementary school students when starting face-to-face learning. This type of research is quantitative research, using survey methods. This research on students' learning motivation in elementary schools took Bangli Regency. Data collection is done by distributing surveys using Google Forms. The results showed that the dimension of persistence in learning was in the very good category with an average of 82.59%, the dimension of achievement in learning was included in the good category with an average of 76.55%, the independent dimension in learning was included in the very good category with an average percentage of 83.66%. Meanwhile, the dimensions of rewards and punishments in learning are included in the good category with an average percentage of 71.73%. The average percentage of the four dimensions is 78.63%, this result is included in the category of good learning motivation.

Encouragement Motives Student in Watching the Tonight Show D I Net TV

This research was conducted to determine individual motives in enjoying the Tonight Show on Net TV in order to find out different usage patterns in audiences that will have an impact on different levels of satisfaction. Researchers use students as research subjects because students are a very active audience in using mass media, which will be very helpful in identifying their reasons or motives in watching the Tonight Show. Individual motives are seen from four categories of media consumption motives, namely Surveillance Motives, Personal Identity Motives, Interaction Motives and Social Relations and Diversion Motives. Tonight Show is an evening talk show program that provides information and entertainment alongside four hilarious hosts, Desta, Vincent, Hesti Purwadinata and Enzy Storia. The Tonight Show features guest stars from all walks of life who are performed in a relaxed and humorous manner. The approach in this study is quantitative with a descriptive type of research. The method used in this study was a survey method using interview and questionnaire techniques. The respondents in this study were 82 people, which were obtained from sample calculations and distributed in the FISIP campus area of Pattimura University Ambon using Purposive Sampling. The results showed that the diversion motif was greater, the second order was the surveillance motive, the third order was the personal identity motive and the last sequence was the interaction motive and social relationships.

Students’ motivation to study science: The case of Arab students in Israel

The current study investigates the level of students’ motivation in Arab schools in Israel to study science subjects. In addition, we examined whether there was a difference in motivation: (1) between students in different types of schools (elementary, middle, and secondary schools), (2) between boys and girls, (3) between students according to the educational achievement, and (4) between students studying with male or female teachers. The study included 838 students from the different schools. The convenience sample method was used in which 25 items assessed five motivational categories: intrinsic, career, self-determination, self-efficacy, and achievement. The findings of the study showed that the motivation level among students to study science subjects was significantly high in all Arab schools (p≤0.05), but there were significant differences between the three types of schools (p≤0.05). In addition, the study revealed that the motivation level to study science was significantly higher: (1) among girls than among boys (p≤0.05), (2) among students with a high level of achievement than among students with medium/low levels (p≤0.05), and (3) among students whose teachers are females than among students whose teachers are males (p≤0.05).

Learning Motivation Profile of Grade XI Science Students

Learning motivation is an important factor in improving the quality of student learning. Therefore, this study aims to identify the learning motivation profile of grade XI science students in MA Alliful Ikhwan SAA. By knowing the learning motivation profile of biology students, efforts can be made to improve student learning motivation and the quality of biology learning at school. This research used a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The research sample consisted of 72 students and 1 teacher in grade XI IPA 1, XI IPA 2, and XI IPA 3 at MA Alliful Ikhwan SAA. The instrument used was a learning motivation questionnaire that had been adapted from existing instruments. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques. The results showed that the learning motivation of grade XI IPA 1 students reached 75.44%, with a strong motivation category. Meanwhile, grade XI IPA 2 and IPA 3 students had learning motivation results of 65.36% and 54.21%, respectively, with a high criteria. The overall average learning motivation results of grade XI IPA students reached 65.00% with a moderate category. In addition, the comparison of questionnaires submitted by the teacher showed that 72% of students had a high criteria in learning motivation. The implications of this research can provide benefits for biology teachers at MA Alliful Ikhwan SAA in improving student learning motivation and the quality of biology learning at school. Furthermore, this research can also be used as a reference for further research on student learning motivation in the field of biology.

PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN APLIKASI WORDWALL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA DI SMA

The lack of motivation of students due to physics learning tends to be saturated with the many formulas taught and the use of learning media by teachers who do not attract the attention of students underlies this research. This research focuses to determine whether the use of wordwall media in Physics class can increase students' learning motivation. This study uses a classroom action research method, which includes pre-learning cycles and learning cycles I and II using quantitative descriptive analysis. The research was conducted on 35 students of class X-3 at SMA Negeri 5 Jember. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires and observation, which categorised students into five groups based on their motivation level. The results showed that the use of wordwall application learning media had a significant positive effect on student motivation, which resulted in an increase in motivation in the very high and high learning motivation categories in learning cycles I and II. The study also found an increase of 37.14% with 13 students in the very high learning motivation category and an increase of 54.29% with 21 students in the high learning motivation category after the application of wordwall application in Physics learning.

The motivations and practices of vegetarian and vegan Saudis

In the Middle East, particularly in Saudi Arabia, the offering of a meat dish to guests is a deeply embedded cultural tradition, and a meat-based diet is the standard in Saudi Arabia. Thus, the rise of veganism and vegetarianism within Saudi Arabia is surprising and worthy of attention, as is understanding the perceptions and motivations behind this phenomenon, particularly as they relate to food and sustainability. This research was designed to investigate this emerging phenomenon and to identify key differences in dietarian identity between Saudi vegetarians and vegans using Rosenfeld and Burrow's Dietarian Identity Questionnaire. Among other results, the vegan group scored significantly higher on the prosocial motivation construct, suggesting the desire to help society as a whole is a stronger motivating factor for vegans. As well, the vegan cohort scored higher in the personal motivation category. From an environmental and public health perspective, understanding the key factors motivating individuals to adopt a vegetarian or vegan diet in a meat-based culture like Saudi Arabia can be used to encourage others to pursue more healthy and sustainable food behaviors.

IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS 8 DI SMPN 2 KALISAT

The low motivation of students in learning is a problem that needs to be addressed. Low learning motivation will cause students’ lack enthusiasm in learning which can directly impact student learning outcomes. Based on observations made in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 2 Kalisat, it was found that the students' motivation and enthusiasm for learning were low. Therefore, improvements are needed in learning that can overcome these problems. One of the innovative strategies that can be used as a solution to the problem of low student learning motivation is to use differentiated learning. The purpose of this study was to find out whether differentiated learning can increase students' learning motivation as well as a form of school preparation in implementing the Kurikulum Merdeka at SMP Negeri 2 Kalisat. This study used the Collaborative Classroom Action Research (PTK-K) method which consisted of activity 1, namely pre-cycle and 2 learning cycles. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis technique which is carried out on PTK-K data by sorting, simplifying, and grouping, focusing, organizing, and making conclusions on the data obtained. Based on research results, differentiated learning can increase students' learning motivation.This can be seen from the increase in students' learning activities, the enthusiasm of students in learning, and the satisfaction of students in learning according to the results of the interviews. Furthermore, the analysis of the results of the learning motivation questionnaire also showed an increase in learning motivation category from pre-cycle, cycle 1 to cycle 2.

Sexual Rehabilitation After a Stroke: A Multi-site Qualitative Study About Influencing Factors and Strategies to Improve Services.

This study aimed to better understand the factors influencing the provision of sexuality-related post-stroke rehabilitation services by clinicians on different sites and to explore strategies to improve post-stroke rehabilitation services with stakeholders. A qualitative study with co-design methods was conducted with 20 clinicians from five post-stroke rehabilitation centers in Canada, 1 manager and 1 patient-partner. Participants either took part in a focus group or in sessions of an adapted version of the LEGO Serious Play method to explore influencing factors and strategies of improvement in relation to post-stroke sexual rehabilitation services. Thematic analysis was conducted semi-deductively using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour (COM-B) system and the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW). A total of twenty factors pertaining either to the categories of Capability (n = 8; e.g., Sexual rehabilitation procedural knowledge), Motivation (n = 4; e.g., Professional boundaries) or Opportunity (n = 8; e.g., Workload) were perceived as influencing provision of sexual rehabilitation services by participants. A theoretical model was conceptualized. Strategies (n = 10) were categorized in concordance with the BCW as Training (n = 1), Enablement (n = 5) or Environmental restructuring (n = 4). This study showed that factors influencing provision of post-stroke rehabilitation services were numerous and interrelated, and that various strategies aiming either clinicians or the rehabilitation environment would be relevant to improve services. This study will help guide the design and implementation of future interventions studies aiming at improving post-stroke sexual rehabilitation services.

The Correlation of Motivation and Habit with Learning Outcomes in New Normal Era

This article explores the relationship between learning motivation, learning habit, and the learning outcomes of grade 11th class vocational school students in the practice of lathe machining in the new normal era. This study uses a quantitative approach with research subjects in vocational schools in the field of mechanical engineering expertise. Data collection using questionnaires, tests, and documentation. Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis technique, t-test, and F test, using SPSS software. The results of this study are divided into two, namely: single regression and multiple regression will be explained as follows. 1) Single regression includes: a) learning motivation variable with learning outcomes (R) value of 0.465, value (r2) of 0.217 meaning that there is a relationship with the medium category of learning motivation with learning outcomes, (b) learning habit with learning outcomes (R) value of 0.484, the value (r2) is 0.235, meaning that there is a relationship with the medium category between learning motivation and learning outcomes. 2) Multiple regression between the variables of learning motivation and learning habit simultaneously provides a positive and significant relationship with learning outcomes. This is indicated by the value (R) of 0.550, and the value (r2) is 0.302 which means that there is a relationship with a moderate category between learning motivation and learning habit on the learning outcomes of vocational school students in the practice of lathe machining grade 11th class in the new normal era. The limitations and implications of the research will be discussed in more detail in the discussion. Keywords: Learning Motivation, Learning Habit, Learning Outcomes

MOTIVATION OF OUTDOOR RECREATION PARTICIPATION AMONG RURAL AND URBAN COMMUNITIES

Motivation in outdoor recreational participation has an important position as it helps to determine why individuals engage in recreational behaviour, the way individuals do, understand the benefits of participation and serves as basic knowledge in assisting the planning process and environmental management. Each involvement is influenced by motivating factors that can generate behaviour and achievement to experience the pleasure and self-satisfaction inherent in recreation. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify motivating factors influencing outdoor recreational involvement among rural and urban communities. A set of questionnaires was used to obtain quantitative data sets and were distributed to 384 respondents who were among individuals living in rural and urban areas. The analysis revealed four broad categories of motivation using the Recreation Experience Scales (REP) 'scales', namely social interaction, physical health and fitness, rest, and interaction with the environment. Respondents rated activities with family members, relaxing the mind, enjoying a peaceful surrounding area, and improving personal health and fitness as the main motivating factors influencing outdoor recreation involvement.

Validation of a pictionary-based communication tool for assessing physiological needs and motivational states: the PAIN set

This Pictionary is suitable for communicating with individual unable to interact (locked-in syndrome, LIS) through the development of Brain Computer Interface (BCI) systems. It includes 60 validated, easy-to-understand illustrated plates depicting adults in various situations affecting their physiological or psychological state. The drawings are in color and represent persons of both sexes and various ethnicities. Twenty participants were interviewed to appropriately design the Pictionary. An additional group of 50 healthy adults (25 women and 25 men) aging 18–33 years was recruited to validate the pictogram corpus. Their schooling levels ranged from middle school to master's degrees. Participants were presented with five runs of randomly mixed pictograms illustrating 12 different motivational states, including primary and secondary needs, affective states, and somatosensory sensations (with five variants for each category). They had to precisely identify the motivational category illustrated (e.g., “Feeling pain” or “Being hungry”) while also providing information about its clarity and unambiguity on a Likert scale. Statistical analyses provided evidence of the strong communicative effectiveness of the illustrations (rated on average 2.7, on a 0 to 3 scale), with an accuracy of 98.4%. The PAIN set could be a valuable communication tool for individuals with LIS, as well as any clinical population lacking verbal communication skills. Its main purpose is to generate electrophysiological markers of internal mental states to be automatically classified by BCI systems.

FDI Motives and Location Decisions of Emerging Country Business Groups: Entry Mode, Ownership and Institutional Environment

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and explain our understanding of the internationalization process of emerging country business groups (EBGs) according to the entry mode choice, ownership structure, and formal institutional environment of the host country. The internationalization models of Dunning and Mathews are integrated with the institutional environment in the internationalization process of EBGs because they are unable to explain the rise of EBGs alone. Content analysis is used to investigate the internationalization strategies of EBGs. The findings of this study revealed three categories of FDI motives: main motives (market-seeking and strategic asset-seeking), sector-based motives (efficiency-seeking and resource-seeking), and facilitative motives (relational asset-seeking). FDI motives, entry mode, ownership, formal institutional environment, and location decisions are investigated together in the context of emerging country dynamics. This exploratory study contributes to the expanding global research on EBGs based on a suggested framework that can provide novel insights regarding the internationalization processes of EBGs.

244 “I am interested!”: Lessons Learned from the All IN for Health/Indiana CTSI Health Advisory Board

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: All IN for Health’s Advisory Board is an active board providing advice on strategic directions, feedback, contributing ideas, and accountability. Most recently, the HAB had 4 openings. A call to our community of over 13,000 individuals was published. We received 488 applications. We share the lessons in motivations and interests shared respondents. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Four hundred eighty-eight individuals submitted applications for participation in the All IN for Health Advisory Board. The call went out to the All IN for Health volunteer research network comprised of community members across the state.The call mentioned a nominal compensation of $50/hour, and time commitment of a 2-hour board meetings via video conferencing every 3 months. The application process included the following questions: 1. What lived experiences and/or personal interests have motivated you to be involved in All IN for Health? 2. Please explain why you are interested in being an All IN for Health Advisory Board member? RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We organize the findings in two categories: Motivation and Interests. The motivation category refers to individual’s motivation to be part of the All IN for Health initiative. Interest category referred to individual’s specific interest in participating in the All IN for Health Advisory Board. Individuals were motivated to participate based on (1) family or friend diagnosis, (2) personal diagnosis, (3) roles as caregivers, (4) desire to impact change and advocacy, (5) role as health professional, and (6) previous participation in research. Interests followed similar themes with additional categories of sharing their experience, previous research and board experience, as well as a desire to educate future generations of researchers. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: We share the narratives honoring individual stories for the top three motivations and interest. This information can be used for recruitment to boards, research participation, and healthcare advocacy, and highlights importance of sharing successes and challenges to the processes of forming and sustaining effective boards.

From Print to Digital Newspaper: Analysis of Consumers' Motivation to Buy Newspapers

The development of the digital world has an impact on the print media sector. Print newspapers are starting to compete with digital media that can be accessed online. This study aims to determine the effect of content on print media, namely general information, scientific information, entertainment information, job vacancies information, and advertising information, on the motivation to buy the Kedaulatan Rakyat, a printed newspaper. The research was conducted in the city of Yogyakarta with a quantitative research design. The method of determining the sample used is incidental sampling with purposive sampling. The sample in this study amounted to 102 respondents, i.e., buyers of the Kedaulatan Rakyat daily newspaper in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). Data collection techniques with survey methods through questionnaires. Hypothesis testing using the average difference test and multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that the motivation to obtain general information, knowledge, entertainment, job vacancies, and advertisements simultaneously affect the purchase decision of printed newspapers. The five categories of motivation all have significant differences, proving that consumers can distinguish various motivations in buying the newspaper's printed version.

On unipotent radicals of motivic Galois groups

Let $\mathbf{T}$ be a neutral Tannakian category over a field of characteristic zero with unit object $\mathbf{1}$, and equipped with a filtration $W_\cdot$ similar to the weight filtration on mixed motives. Let $M$ be an object of $\mathbf{T}$, and $\underline{\mathfrak{u}}(M)\subset W_{-1}\underline{Hom}(M,M)$ the Lie algebra of the kernel of the natural surjection from the fundamental group of $M$ to the fundamental group of $Gr^WM$. A result of Deligne gives a characterization of $\underline{\mathfrak{u}}(M)$ in terms of the extensions $0\longrightarrow W_pM \longrightarrow M \longrightarrow M/W_pM \longrightarrow 0$: it states that $\underline{\mathfrak{u}}(M)$ is the smallest subobject of $W_{-1}\underline{Hom}(M,M)$ such that the sum of the aforementioned extensions, considered as extensions of $\mathbf{1}$ by $W_{-1}\underline{Hom}(M,M)$, is the pushforward of an extension of $\mathbf{1}$ by $\underline{\mathfrak{u}}(M)$. In this article, we study each of the above-mentioned extensions individually in relation to $\underline{\mathfrak{u}}(M)$. Among other things, we obtain a refinement of Deligne's result, where we give a sufficient condition for when an individual extension $0\longrightarrow W_pM \longrightarrow M \longrightarrow M/W_pM \longrightarrow 0$ is the pushforward of an extension of $\mathbf{1}$ by $\underline{\mathfrak{u}}(M)$. In the second half of the paper, we give an application to mixed motives whose unipotent radical of the motivic Galois group is as large as possible (i.e. with $\underline{\mathfrak{u}}(M)= W_{-1}\underline{Hom}(M,M)$). Using Grothedieck's formalism of \textit{extensions panach\'{e}es} we prove a classification result for such motives. Specializing to the category of mixed Tate motives we obtain a classification result for 3-dimensional mixed Tate motives over $\mathbb{Q}$ with three weights and large unipotent radicals.

The influence of start-up motivation on entrepreneurial performance

Predicting entrepreneurial development based on individual and business-related characteristics is a key objective of entrepreneurship research. In this context, we investigate whether the motives of becoming an entrepreneur influence the subsequent entrepreneurial development. In our analysis, we examine a broad range of business outcomes including survival and income, as well as job creation, and expansion and innovation activities for up to 40 months after business formation. Using the self-determination theory as conceptual background, we aggregate the start-up motives into a continuous motivational index. We show – based on a unique dataset of German start-ups from unemployment and non-unemployment – that the later business performance is better, the higher they score on this index. Effects are particularly strong for growth-oriented outcomes like innovation and expansion activities. In a next step, we examine three underlying motivational categories that we term opportunity, career ambition, and necessity. We show that individuals driven by opportunity motives perform better in terms of innovation and business expansion activities, while career ambition is positively associated with survival, income, and the probability of hiring employees. All effects are robust to the inclusion of a large battery of covariates that are proven to be important determinants of entrepreneurial performance.

A meta-theoretical framework for organizing and integrating theory and research on motivation for health-related behavior.

The concept of motivation is broad and multi-faceted. In health psychology, motivation has been conceptualized as cravings, urges, or desires for unhealthy behaviors, such as consumption of alcohol, cigarettes, or calorie-dense foods; or as behavioral intentions or proximal goals for healthy behaviors, such as smoking cessation, physical activity, or condom use. Because of the differences in terminology and associated theoretical underpinnings, it is difficult to characterize the state of the science or integrate research findings on motivation for health-related behavior. The present paper introduces a meta-theoretical Automatic-Reflective Motivation Framework (ARM-F) with the goals of organizing and integrating theory and research on motivation for health-related behaviors. At the first and broadest level, the ARM-F defines general motivation as a wanting or desire to do something. At the second level, it distinguishes between automatic and reflective motivation types, consistent with emerging perspectives in health psychology, historical and contemporary philosophical views on desire, and dual-processing perspectives in psychology. At the third level, the ARM-F preserves the nuanced terminologies and conceptualizations within the automatic (e.g., craving, urge, desire) and reflective (e.g., behavioral intention) motivation categories. The ARM-F has potential utility for organizing and integrating theory and research on motivation for health-related behavior, with implications for future research.

THE EFFECT OF GLOBAL ENGLISH ON EFL STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION TO LEARN ENGLISH

This study aims to describe the effect of Global English on the learning motivation of EFL Students in learning English. The researcher used a qualitative descriptive methodology to analyze the data and several previous studies to support the data. Researchers researched EFL Students in the English Education Study Program of one private university in Cirebon. Data were specifically obtained by distributing questionnaires and direct interviews with EFL Students regarding the development of Global English and its effect on the learning motivation of EFL Students. Based on the results of the study, 2 broad categories of motivation affect the development of Global English on their motivation, which are intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. As for the explanation of intrinsic motivation, namely the motivation that comes from EFL Students, that includes improving language skills for all purposes, having a larger scope of learning goals, knowing different types of English, and so on. While the notion of extrinsic motivation is the motivation that comes from outside EFL Students, which includes getting a greater opportunity to contribute to the world community, getting a better type of job, and getting a kind of higher quality education in particular.

Endomorphisms of the projective plane and the image of the Suslin–Hurewicz map

The endomorphism ring of the projective plane over a field F of characteristic neither two nor three is slightly more complicated in the Morel–Voevodsky motivic stable homotopy category than in Voevodsky’s derived category of motives. In particular, it is not commutative precisely if there exists a square in F which does not admit a sixth root. A byproduct of these computations is a proof of Suslin’s conjecture on the Suslin–Hurewicz homomorphism from Quillen to Milnor K-theory in degree four, based on work of Asok et al. (Invent Math 219:39-73, 2020).

Effects of Motivational and Behavioral Factors on Job Productivity: An Empirical Investigation from Academic Librarians in Pakistan.

The major objective of the current study was to find out the impact of motivational factors on the job outcomes of librarians working in HEC-recognized university libraries in Pakistan. A survey research method followed by predictive correlational design was applied to test the constructed hypotheses in this study. The population of the study was library professionals working in the university libraries of Lahore, Pakistan. There were 13 public sector universities and 21 private sector universities. The census sampling technique was used to collect data from the respondents of the 34 universities. Data were collected with the help of a questionnaire. Out of 225 respondents, 189 completed questionnaires were received. Hence, the response rate was 84%. The gathered data were analyzed through SPSS software. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were applied to find out the impact of motivational and behavioral factors on the job outcomes of information professionals. The findings of the study showed that different types of motivation influenced information professionals to carry out innovative and value-added services in the workplace. Rewards, a sense of honor, an amicable work environment, and autonomy were the key categories of motivation that encouraged information professionals to undertake efficient job performance. Recommendations provided through a framework based on the findings of the study will prove to be a benchmark for policymakers, human resource managers, and heads of institutions in order to formulate such techniques that might motivate information professionals for the implementation of user-centric services.