Mother Attachment Research Articles

초등학생의 학업스트레스에 미치는 어머니의 주관적 행복감, 어머니 애착, 자아탄력성과의 영향관계 탐색

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between mother's subjective happiness, mother attachment, and ego resilience on the academic stress of elementary school students, and to verify the mediating effect of mother attachment and ego resilience. For research analysis, the structural equation model(PLS-SEM) was analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and Smart-PLS 3.0. First, it was confirmed that the mother's subjective happiness had a significant positive effect on mother attachment, but had no significant effect on ego resilience. Second, it was confirmed that mother attachment had a positive effect on ego resilience, and it was found that it had a significant negative effect on academic stress. Third, it was confirmed that ego resilience had a negative effect on academic stress. Fourth, mother's subjective happiness had a positive effect on ego resilience and a negative effect on academic stress through mother attachment as a mediating effect. Fifth, mother attachment had a significant negative effect on academic stress as a mediating effect of ego resilience. Mother's subjective happiness had a negative effect on academic stress due to the double mediating effect of mother's attachment and ego resilience.

The effect of guided imagery on stress and attachment of mothers of premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit: A quasi-experimental study

Background. Premature birth, in addition to causing health problems in infants, increases stress in the mother and reduces attachment between mother and baby. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of guided visualization on stress and attachment of mothers of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods. This quasi-experimental study was performed on 35 mothers with premature infants admitted to the NICU of Mahdieh Hospital of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mothers were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. For mothers in the intervention group, the intervention was performed from the first to the fifth day of birth through training and sending guided imagery files. On the day of admission and discharge, the parental stress questionnaire and the postpartum attachment questionnaire were completed by the mother. SPSS software (version 20) was used to analyze the data. Results. The mean total score of maternal attachment on the fifth day of the intervention was significantly higher in the intervention group (P<0.001). Also, the mean total score of mothers' attachment status on the day of discharge was significantly higher in the intervention group (P<0.001). Conclusion. Implementation of guided visualization program reduced stress in mothers with premature infants admitted to the NICU, and consequently increased the level of attachment. Practical Implications. Mothers are the primary caregivers of infants, and promoting maternal health has an effect on infants. In addition to reducing stress in preterm infants, this study can help improve the quality of infant care and increase attachment and parenting. The present study offers a completely cost-effective way to reduce the costs of long-term hospitalization and improve the quality of nursing.

초등학생이 지각한 부모 애착, 성격 5요인, 학업적 실패내성, 학교적응 간 구조적 관계

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate structural relationships among parental attachment, big five personality traits, academic failure tolerance and school adjustment perceived by elementary school students. In details, the study explored the sequential mediators in the relationship between parental attachment and school adjustment. Methods A structural equation model was conducted using 1,129 data from the 12th waves of the Panel Study on Korean Children in 2019. Results The results of this study are as follows. First, both perceived mother and father attachment of elementary school students directly affect on their big five personality traits; positively affect on extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness and negatively affect on neuroticism. At same time, only perceived mother attachment showed positive affects on openness. Moreover, perceived mother attachment showed no effect on academic failure tolerance, in meanwhile perceived father attachment a direct positive effect on academic failure tolerance. Openness and conscientiousness also presented a positive effect on academic failure tolerance while neuroticism showed a negative effect and same pattern repeated on academic adjustment. And, academic failure tolerance mediated the relationship between conscientiousness and positive school adjustment as well as the relationship between neuroticism and positive school adjustment for both perceived mother and father attachment of elementary school students. Conclusions These findings suggest that it is necessary to strengthen perceived parent attachments of elementary school students through encouraging healthy personality and academic failure tolerance in order to increase school adjustment.

Hubungan parental attachment dengan kecerdasan emosi pada remaja awal

Cases of violence in early adolescent still often occur due to lack of emotional regulation. One of the factors behind adolescent emotional intelligence is parental attachment. This study aims to determine the relationship between father attachment and emotional intelligence in early adolescence and the relationship between mother attachment and emotional intelligence in early adolescence. The research design is correlational quantitative research with sampling using non-probability voluntary sampling technique. The subjects in this study were 237 early adolescents aged 12-15 years and had both parents. The scale used in this study is an attachment scale using the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment Revised Version (IPPA-R) and an emotional intelligence scale using a scale based on Goleman's theory. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that there was a relationship between attachment of father (r = 0.288; p < 0.05) and mother (r = 0.415; p < 0.05) with emotional intelligence in early adolescence.
 Keywords: attachment mother and father, emotional intelligence, early adolescence

Mediation Effect of Marital Relationship Quality and Depression on the Relationship Between Mother Attachment and Fetal Attachment of Prospective Fathers and Mothers in Pregnancy

연구목적: 임신기 예비 부․모의 원가족 모애착, 부부관계 질, 우울 및 태아애착의 관계에서 성별에 따른 부부관계 질과 우울의 매개효과의 차이를 확인하는 것이다. 연구방법: 첫 자녀를 임신한 상태의 분만 경험이 없는 기혼의 예비 부·모 354명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였고. 총 340부(예비 아버지 113명, 예비 어머니 227명)를 분석에 사용하였다. 연구결과: 원가족 모애착과 태아애착의 구조적 관계에서 예비 아버지는 부부관계 질이 완전매개하는 경로가 유의하였고, 예비 어머니는 부부관계 질과 우울이 부분매개하는 다중경로가 모두 유의하였다. 결론: 임신기 예비 부·모의 태아애착에 영향을 미치는 원가족 모애착, 부부관계 질, 우울의 성별에 따른 차이를 고려한 적절한 개입이 필요하다.

The Effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) on attachment of mothers with premature infants.

ObjectiveAttachment is a socio-emotional relationship between the mother and infant that increases the probability of a preterm infant's survival. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) on maternal attachments of mothers with premature infants.Study designThis quasi-experimental study was performed on 100 mothers of premature infants who were admitted to neonatal intensive care units. A questionnaire comprising demographic information and the Maternal Attachment Scale were used as data collection tools. All data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25. Significant level is considered P < 0.05.ResultsAfter the intervention, the levels of maternal attachment of mothers in the intervention group were significantly higher than in the control group (47.7 ± 2.9vs. 40.4 ± 5.4, P = 0.003). After the intervention, the infants in the intervention group has a significantly higher number of breastfeeding than the control group (10.6 ± 1.8 vs. 8.2 ± 1.6, P = 0.000). Moreover, the infant of the intervention group had a statistically significant higher weight at discharge time (2164.4 ± 481.1 vs. 1965.2 ± 372, P = 0.042).ConclusionThe results of the present study showed that Kangaroo Mother Care can be used to improve the maternal attachments in mothers with premature infants. It improves the breastfeeding and weight gain status in infants as well.

Maternal attachment and mental health status in mothers who have babies with infantile colic

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine maternal attachment and mental health status in mothers of babies with infantile colic. DesignCross-sectional online survey. SettingThe study was conducted on messaging and social media platforms, and groups related to mothers and babies. Participants380 mothers, 107 of whom had babies with infantile colic and 273 of whom had healthy babies, participated in the study. Measurement Tools and FindingsA Personal Information Form, the Maternal Attachment Inventory, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale were used to collect data. No statistically significant relationship was found between infantile colic status and maternal attachment. The depression, anxiety and stress scores of the mothers who had babies with infantile colic were significantly higher compared to the mothers with healthy babies (p<0.05). Additionally, as the depression scores of the mothers increased, their maternal attachment levels decreased (p <0.05). Key ConclusionsMaternal depression, anxiety and stress make it difficult for mothers to provide care for their babies. Therefore, health professionals should screen mothers who have babies with infantile colic in the postpartum period in terms of mental health. Besides, the mothers should be provided with support to assist them in coping with their Babies’ colic. Implications for PracticeHealth professionals should be aware that infantile colic negatively affects the mental health of mothers and increases the frequency of follow-ups of these mothers in the postpartum period. More research is needed to examine the effects of infantile colic on maternal attachment.

Investigating the Relationship between Maternal and Fetal Attachment and Spouses' Functional Health Literacy in Mothers

Background and Objective: Considering the inseparable component of maternal attachment to the fetus and the importance of mother and fetus care in this period and after and the special role of men as husband and father in caring for wife and child, the present study aims to determine The relationship between maternal attachment to the fetus and spouse's functional health literacy was performed in individuals referred to Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital in Ahvaz in 2021. Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive correlational study on all pregnant women referred to Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital in Ahvaz in 2021 and their spouses in the available method. The research instruments were demographic information self-report questionnaires, Montazeri et al.'s Health Literacy Questionnaire (2014) and the Cranley Fetal Attachment Scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 12. Results: Findings show that the mean scores obtained for maternal attachment to the fetus and spouses 'functional health literacy were moderate and with 95% confidence, there is a significant correlation between the variables of maternal attachment to the fetus and spouses' functional health literacy (p &lt;0.05 and r =-0.796) Conclusion: Given the relationship between maternal attachment to the fetus and spouses 'functional health literacy, the importance of spouses' functional health literacy has been identified; therefore, it is necessary to take into account this point in macro-socio-economic planning and policies, so that we can see the promotion of health literacy more than all spouses.

Effect of Postpartum Yoga on Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Maternal Attachment in Primiparous Mothers.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of yoga practice on the breastfeeding self-efficacy and maternal attachment of primiparous mothers in the postpartum period. Methods: This study was performed in a quasi-experimental model with pretest and posttest control groups. The domain of the study was formed with women with 20-40-day-old babies enrolled in two Family Health Centers. One hundred and twenty-four women participated in the study. The Individual Identification Form, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale, and Maternal Attachment Scale were completed by the experimental and control groups. The experimental group engaged in 60 minutes of postpartum yoga practice 2 days a week for 8 weeks in the company of the researcher. Results: After yoga practice, there was a statistically significant increase in the breastfeeding self-efficacy and improvement in the maternal attachment of the experimental group (p < 0.05). The corresponding increase and improvement of the mothers in the control group were less than those of the mothers in the experimental group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study finds that it is beneficial for both the mother's and the baby's physical and psychological health for health professionals to teach mothers to practice yoga, which positively affects breastfeeding and maternal attachment in the postpartum period.

Toddler-mother attachment moderates adolescents' behavioral and neural evaluation of trustworthiness.

This longitudinal study examined the prospective association between toddler–mother attachment to adolescents’ (n = 52; 34 boys; Mage = 13.22 years; 90% White) behavioral and neural responses during the evaluation of trustworthiness from unfamiliar, emotionally neutral faces. At 33 months, toddler–mother attachment status (secure vs insecure classification) was assessed using a modified Strange Situation procedure. Results revealed that attachment moderated the processing of trustworthiness facial cues. As faces became less trustworthy, adolescents with a secure (vs insecure) attachment history rated the faces as correspondingly less trustworthy and showed increasing (vs overall blunted) activation in brain regions involved in trustworthiness perception (i.e. bilateral amygdala, bilateral fusiform, right anterior insula and right posterior superior temporal sulcus). Findings suggest that a secure compared with insecure child–mother attachment in toddlerhood may be associated with greater capacity for, or openness to, processing potentially negative social information at both the behavioral and neural levels during adolescence.

Автономия как результат отношений: роль привязанности к сверстникам и матери в мотивации волонтерства подростков

The relevance of the study is defined by the role of volunteering as social practice in developing adolescents’ autonomy. Volunteering attitudes in adolescents are considered a meaningful indicator of personal autonomy development. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of volunteering motivation in adolescents as a manifestation of personal autonomy. The research tasks included the following: studying the volunteering motivation of adolescents with and without experience in volunteering; identifying the relationship between the volunteering motivation of adolescents and the type of attachment to mother; revealing the connection between the volunteering motivation and the features of adolescents’ relationships with their peers. The following techniques were used: volunteering motivation questionnaire; mother and peer attachment type questionnaires. The sample consisted of 329 subjects aged 14 to 18 years. The study revealed the relationship between the mother attachment type and the attitude to volunteering in adolescents. Positive relationships with peers, including satisfaction with communication, trust and secure attachment, are associated with high willingness of adolescents to participate in volunteer activities as an indicator of personal autonomy.

Supplemental Material for Maternal Nighttime Sleep and Infant–Mother Attachment Security: The Mediating Role of Maternal Parenting Quality During Bedtime and Free Play

Supplemental Material for Maternal Nighttime Sleep and Infant–Mother Attachment Security: The Mediating Role of Maternal Parenting Quality During Bedtime and Free Play

어머니의 성인애착과 유아의 정서조절능력의 관계 연구 : 어머니 양육스트레스의 매개효과를 중심으로

This study aimed to investigate whether the parenting stress of mothers exerts a mediating effect on the relationship between the adult attachment of mothers and emotional regulation of infants. In this study, the adult attachment of mothers was measured using ECRR-K, which is a measure translated and modified by Kim Sung-hyun (2004) , whereas the parenting stress of mothers was determined using a measure modified by Kong Tae-ri (2017). Moreover, the emotional regulation of infants was evaluated using the modified by Park Ye-rang (2017). Data analysis was conducted in accordance with the characteristics and objective of the study. Further, correlation, multiple regression, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed. First, the study found that the relationship among the adult attachment of mothers, parenting stress of mothers, and the emotional regulation of infants was significant. Second, the relationship between the adult attachment of mothers, parenting stress of mothers, and the emotional regulation of infants exerted a significant impact on one another. Lastly, the parenting stress of mothers partially mediated the relationship between the adult attachment of mothers and the emotional regulation of infants. These findings are valuable because they can be used as meaningful data for improving emotional regulation among infants and as a basis for acquiring appropriate parenting skills by identifying the importance of the adult attachment and parenting stress of mothers.

The contributions of maternal oxytocin and maternal sensitivity to infant attachment security

ABSTRACT This study investigated links between maternal postnatal oxytocin, maternal sensitivity, and infant attachment security. At 3-months postpartum, participants (n=88) took part in a structured parent-infant interaction. Maternal oxytocin levels were assessed via blood, before and after the interaction. At 12-months postpartum, mother-child dyads completed the Strange Situation Procedure. Neither baseline oxytocin, oxytocin response, or maternal sensitivity were identified as significant independent predictors of infant attachment security or organisation. However, an interaction effect was identified, with higher maternal sensitivity being associated with secure infant attachment for mothers who showed an increase in oxytocin during parent–child interaction. Results indicate that maternal sensitivity, when accompanied by an increase in maternal oxytocin during parent–child interaction, is associated with the establishment of a positive early parent–child attachment relationship. This adds to the growing body of evidence highlighting maternal oxytocin response as a key adaptive process in the postpartum period.

Romantic attachment and support adequacy in new mothers

ABSTRACT In the present research, we examined whether attachment anxiety and avoidance in support recipients were related to the extent to which social support received from a romantic partner matched the actual needs of the recipient. Two-hundred and forty-five first-time mothers, currently involved in romantic relationships, participated in study 1, in which perceptions of support were appraised over the previous month using self-reports. In study 2, we sought to replicate these findings using an experience sampling method to examine the association between attachment and momentary support perceptions in the daily life of mothers with babies (N = 40). Results indicated that high levels of attachment avoidance or anxiety in mothers were associated with negative appraisals of support matching. Receiving support which matched the needs of the mother (i.e., adequate support) was beneficial to mood, but not constructive to relationship satisfaction or perceptions of maternal efficacy.

Postnatal depression – the role of attachment and mentalization

Aim of the studyThe aim of this paper was to find differences in the quality of relationships with a partner, mother's attachment to the child, mentalization and the style of the mother's attachment between groups of women with and without postnatal depression (also referred to as postpartum depression) as measured by the EPDS questionnaire.Subject or material and methodsThe research group comprised 68 women in total. They were divided into two groups. Thirty-three women who scored more than or equal to 12 points in the EPDS questionnaire were included in the group with postnatal depression. The control group consisted of 35 women who scored below 12 points on the same scale. The following tools were used in the study: Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR), Mental Scale Task (MST), Quality of Relationships Inventory (QRI), and Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ).ResultsThe results obtained point out to specific differences between the two groups. The women whose EPDS score indicates postnatal depression are characterized by a weaker bond with their child, weakened mentalization capacity, their attachment patterns are more often insecure and relationship-related problems tend to occur.Discussion-ConclusionsThe conducted research shows a relationship between mentalization, attachment style and postpartum depression. Reflectiveness, a secure attachment style and a good relationship with partner can prevent postnatal depression.

Potret Perubahan Kelekatan Emosi Ibu dan Anak di Masa Belajar Online dari Rumah

Learning from home is a policy taken by the government to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and protect the public. This study uses a qualitative phenomenological method. To reveal the phenomena in connection with the implementation of learning from home to changes in the emotional attachment of mothers and children during the learning period from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. The respondents were six mothers and their children. The study results show that there is indeed an estrangement between mother and child in terms of emotional attachment, namely two mothers with each child. However, the mother is a strong effort as the primary attachment figure to repair the relationship and warmth so that the estrangement for two children can be attached.

Effects of Father and Mother Attachment on Depressive Symptoms in Middle Childhood and Adolescence: The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation.

Background: Attachment and emotion regulation play a decisive role in the developmental pathways of adaptation or maladaptation. This study tested concurrent and longitudinal associations between the attachment to mother and father, sadness regulation, and depressive symptoms. Methods: A total of 1110 participants from middle childhood to adolescence completed measures of attachment, emotion regulation, and depressive symptomatology. In total, 307 of them participated in the longitudinal assessment. Results: Results revealed attachment affects emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, we found linear effects of the cumulative number of secure attachment relationships on adaptive and maladaptive deactivating sadness regulation, as well as on depressive symptoms. Longitudinal analysis showed the significant mediating role of sadness regulation in the relationship between attachment and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Adaptive and maladaptive deactivating sadness regulation explain the longitudinal effects of attachment on depressive symptoms. Insecurely attached children and adolescents use maladaptive and adaptive sadness regulation strategies, but differ in their hierarchy of strategy use.

Social learning in the digital age: Associations between technoference, mother-child attachment, and child social skills

Technoference refers to incidents in which technology use interferes with interpersonal exchanges (e.g., conversations, playing). Although research on technoference is in its infancy, there is preliminary evidence that mothers believe technoference has a detrimental impact on the social-emotional functioning of their child. The current study investigated the degree to which technoference was associated with attachment between mothers and their elementary-aged children. A second aim was to determine if the relationship between technoference and children's social-emotional functioning may be moderated by mother-child attachment. Surveys were completed by a sample of 80 mothers and their elementary-aged children. This study is unique in asking elementary-aged children to report their perceptions of parental technoference and the impact it has on their relationship with their mother and their own social-emotional functioning. More frequent technoference was associated with less secure mother-child attachment as rated by children, but not as rated by mothers. That is, frequent technoference may not significantly influence a mother's attachment to their child, but it is associated with a child's attachment to their mother. More frequent technoference was associated with decreased ratings by mothers regarding their child's social-emotional functioning. Furthermore, maternal attachment moderated the relationship between technoference and child externalizing behaviors, such that a more secure attachment served as a protective factor against the negative impact of technoference on child externalizing behaviors. However, attachment did not moderate the relationship between technoference and most social skills assessed in our study. Implications from this study are discussed, including ways to increase awareness of technoference among school personnel, parents, and youth.

Absence of Biological Mothers in Infancy in Children and Adolescents on Diagnosis of Mental Disorders at Ikeswar Outpatient Clinic, Prof. Dr. Soerojo Mental Hospital, Magelang

Introduction. Globally, psychopathological problems in children and adolescents will become one of five problems that cause disability, morbidity, and even mortality in the next 20 years. The quality of a child's early attachment relationship is closely related to future brain and personality development. Attachment disorders are associated with the development of psychopathology in childhood and adulthood. This study aims to describe mental disorders in children and adolescents due to mothers who leave their children in infancy on Java, especially around Magelang.&#x0D; Methods. The type of this research is cross-sectional, namely descriptive research. The sample in this study were all patients and their parents/guardians who came for a consultation to the Ikeswar Polyclinic, Mental Hospital Prof. Dr.Soerojo Mental Hospital started on February 18, 2019. The examination uses the mental status determined and guided by PPDGJ III (Guidelines for Classifying the Diagnosis of Mental Disorders).&#x0D; Results. Most of the research respondents was male, both in children with excellent or poor attachment. As much as 26.1% in the group with suitable attachment. The age of most respondents is ten years old. The fourth axis diagnosis regarding psychosocial and environmental problems that most respondents experienced was primary support group (family) problems&#x0D; Conclusion. The attachment of the biological mother to the child at the age of fewer than two years is essential for the emotional mentality of the child at the age afterward and there is no visible picture of the difference in diagnosing mental disorders in children with suitable attachment and poor attachment.