Modified Glass Carbon Electrode Research Articles

Ultrasound assisted synthesis of CoFe-LDH for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of dopamine and acetaminophen

Herein, CoFe layered double hydroxide composites (CoFe-LDH) were synthesised by a simple ultrasound assisted synthesis method. It has been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. CoFe-LDH modified glass carbon electrode was used as dual-function sensors for DA and AP detection. The sensor exhibits a wide detection linear range for DA and AP (2 μM-900 μM), low detection limits (DA: 0.08 μM; AP: 0.37 μM) (S/N = 3). The sensitivity of CoFe-LDH/GCE for DA and AP were 0.54 μA μM−1 cm−2 and 0.55 μA μM−1 cm−2. And it shows good reproducibility, selectivity, and stability. In addition, the sensor demonstrated good recovery rates for the detection of DA and AP in human serum samples.

An unlabeled electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous detection of homocysteine and uric acid based on molecularly imprinted recognition for prediction of cardiovascular disease risk

An unlabeled molecular imprinted electrochemical sensor was developed for simultaneous detection of homocysteine and uric acid, based on gold nanoparticles and molecularly imprinted polymer composites modified glass carbon electrode. Gold nanoparticles stably enhanced the electron transfer and improved the sensitivity by acting as a base for enhancing signal for molecularly imprinted polymers. Specific molecular imprinting cavities based on electropolymerization with dopamine were formed to specifically and simultaneously identify homocysteine and uric acid. Combining the good sensitivity of electrochemistry and the excellent selectivity of molecularly imprinted polymer, the difference in peak current position was used to achieve simultaneous detection of homocysteine and uric acid. For this reason, the developed sensor showed the wide detection range of 5.00 × 10−3-1.00 × 103 μmol/L for homocysteine and 5.00 × 10−1-5.00 × 103 μmol/L for uric acid, with the LOD of 5.64 × 10−5 μmol/L and 0.128 μmol/L (S/N = 3). The developed sensor with easy preparation, great selectivity and short detection time could be used in simultaneous detection of homocysteine and uric acid in serum.

Dumbbell shaped nanocomposite Co3O4/CeO2 derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as an excellent non-enzymatic glucose sensor

Researchers in the field of electrochemistry have recently become interested in the extraordinary features of ternary transition metal oxide nanostructures with spinel structure derived from metal-organic framework (MOFs). In this study, the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67), which grows in situ on the surface of another metal organic framework (Ce-BTC), was created using the internal expansion growth method (IEGM), and the resulting complex was then used as a template to create the dumbbell-like nanocomposite. Due to the strong electron conduction of CeO2 in composites, the electrode modified with composite material has good electrochemical activity in alkaline solution. As a glucose sensor, Co3O4/CeO2 nanocomposite modified glass carbon electrode (Co3O4/CeO2/GCE) has better performance with a detection range of 83.75 μM–2796.84 μM, a reasonably good sensitivity of 790.746 μA mM−1·cm−2, an estimated detection limit of 5.5 μA (S/N = 3) and a short response time less than 3s. The modified electrode can continue to function normally even when exposed to various interfering compounds for extended periods of time in the air. The successful use of this enzyme-free glucose sensor in fruit juice demonstrates its remarkable performance and provides ideas for future applications.

Fluorine-functionalized MOF modified GCE for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of persistent pollutant perfluorooctanoic acid

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is one of typical per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water environments, which attracts global concern due to its high persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. Electrochemical detection provides a feasible, cost-effective, in-situ, and real-time detection approach for PFOA. And the fluorine-functionalized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great adsorbing affinity towards PFOA with their fluorophilic interaction, electrostatic interaction, anion-π stacking, large specific area and porous structure. In this work, fluorine-functionalized Ce-UiO-66 (Ce-UiO-66-F) modified glass carbon electrode (GCE) was utilized to effectively and sensitively detect PFOA with redox probe strategy. The adsorption of PFOA occupied cavities of MOFs and blocked the active sites on Ce-UiO-66-F/GCE interface, leading to a decreasing probe current with PFOA concentration increasing. The quantitative detection mechanism was investigated with Langmuir isotherm model and Freundlich-Langmuir isotherm model, transducing the decreasing probe signal into PFOA concentration information. A detection range of 0.40–450 nM was obtained, and the limit of detection (LOD) was estimated to be 0.048 nM, which satisfied the domestic water requirements of Untied State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). This work provides a rapid and convenient electrochemical approach to detect PFOA and extends the applicability of MOFs as deployable modifiers for PFAS sensors.

Two-dimensional Ni/Co bimetal pyrophosphate nanosheets for sensitive electrochemical detection of phenol

As a priority pollutant in many regions, phenol in environment may cause severe damage to human health and ecosystem. For the simultaneous detection of phenol in environment, a novel electrochemical sensor has been constructed in this work based on the 2D nickel cobalt pyrophosphate (denoted as NCppi) nanosheets modified glass carbon electrode (GCE). The nickel cobalt pyrophosphate was prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. The prepared 2D nickel cobalt pyrophosphate nanosheet was characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The bimetal nickel cobalt pyrophosphate exhibited favorable catalytic activity in phenol detection. The excellent sensing performance of nickel cobalt pyrophosphate was attributed to its charge transfer mobility and abundant catalytic sites. The nickel cobalt bimetal pyrophosphate was applied to modify glass carbon electrode (denoted as NCppi/GCE) and the obtained sensor processed satisfactory analytic performance in practical detection of phenol. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was employed to characterize electrochemical behavior of modified GCE and bare GCE in 100 μM phenol solution. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and CV were employed to characterize the charge transfer process and redox nature of different electrodes in 4 mM Fe(CN)63-/4- containing 0.1 M KCl. Square wave voltammetry (SWV) was employed to detect phenol in 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (pH=7.0). The fabricated electrochemical sensor with optimized Ni/Co ratio also exhibited a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.25 μM, a limit of qualification (LOQ) of 0.45 μM and a linear range of 0.5–100 μM with a sensitivity of 0.0269 μA/μM using square wave voltammetry (SWV) toward phenol. Besides, the electrochemical sensor showed desirable selectivity. In standard addition test of tap water sample from Longwangzui Water Plant and river water from Xunsi River, the sensor displayed reliable recoveries. The electrochemical sensor still maintained 87.5% current response after 3-week storage. The GCE was 50 $ and the cost of catalytic ink could be ignored. The active surface area of NCppi/GCE was 0.12 cm2.

A ratiometric molecular imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor based on enhanced luminescence of CdSe@ZnS quantum dots by MXene@NaAsc for detecting uric acid

An unlabeled ratiometric molecular imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor was developed for the determination of trace uric acid, based on MXene@NaAsc nanocomposites, CdSe@ZnS quantum dots and molecularly imprinted polymer composites modified glass carbon electrode. MXene@NaAsc stably enhanced the electron transfer and improved electrochemiluminescence intensity by acting as a base platform and signal amplifier for CdSe@ZnS quantum dots. Specific molecular imprinting cavities based on electropolymerization with o-phenylenediamine were formed to specifically identify uric acid. Combining the good sensitivity of electrochemiluminescence and the excellent selectivity of molecularly imprinted polymer, the ratio of optical signal and electrical signal was used as a comprehensive signal to achieve the detection of uric acid. Based on this, uric acid was detected in the range from 1 × 10−10 to 1 × 10−4 mol/L with the LOD of 18.13 pmol/L (S/N = 3). The developed sensor with easy preparation, great selectivity and excellent sensitivity could successfully detect uric acid in human serum.

CoCr2O4/Graphene modified glass carbon electrode for highly dual-sensing detection of hydrogen peroxide and glucose

The development of a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor possessing well dual-sensing to H2O2 and glucose remains challenging due to less report. Herein, spinel CoCr2O4 nanoparticles with small size were synthesized by sol–gel reaction, which were then simply mixed with commercial graphene under ultrasonic to obtain uniformly dispersed CoCr2O4/Graphene composite. They were deposited onto the surface of bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE) through a common drop-coating method. The CoCr2O4/Graphene/GCE sensor firstly achieves highly dual-sensing to H2O2 and glucose in 0.1 M NaOH solution. At 0.4 and 0.55 V, its sensitivities to H2O2 and glucose can separately reach up to 1168.6 and 1722.5 μA mM−1 cm−2, and the corresponding detection limits are as low as 18 nM and 12 nM. These key indexes are the best among reported dual-functional spinel oxide-based electrodes. This excellent electrochemical sensing ability stems from its large electrode active area, good conductivity, and the synergism between graphene and CoCr2O4 nanoparticles with mixed redox couplings, which provides an efficient platform for dual-sensing detection. In addition, the modified electrode can accurately determine glucose in human tears, rat serum and orange juice, as well as H2O2 in milk whey, mouthwash and disinfectant, thus predicting its good application prospects.

Tin dioxide quantum Dots-Modified sensing electrode for selective detection of luteolin

Although most of the composite based electrocatalysts for determination of luteolin has been developed, the unsatisfactory limit of detection (LOD) and narrow linear range originated from the unstable interface among each component limit their further application. Herein, a SnO2 quantum dots modified glass carbon electrode (SnO2 QDs/GCE) is developed for selective detection of luteolin. The electrochemical behavior of luteolin on SnO2 QDs/GCE indicates that the redox process involves participating of two-electrons/double-protons. The big specific surface area of SnO2 QDs provides sufficient active sites for the redox reaction of luteolin. On this bases, an ultra-low LOD of 0.25 nM as well as a large linear range of 0.1–1200 nM is obtained for detection of luteolin. Besides, the influence of several coexisting compounds and common ions on the detection of luteolin was evaluated, and no obvious interference was found. Finally, the SnO2 QDs/GCE electrode achieves accurate detection of luteolin in actual samples including orange, lemon and carrot juices. This work provides new strategy for the determination of luteolin in complex systems.

Study on the electrocatalytic oxidation of urea at nickel/iron deposited electrodes

Nickel and nickel-iron modified glass carbon electrodes were prepared by electrodeposition in 20 mmol/LNiSO4 and 5 mmol/LFeSO4 + 20 mmol/LNiSO4 solution. The electrocatalytic oxidation of urea at two modified electrodes under alkaline conditions were investigated. In 1 mol/L NaOH solution, the nickel modified electrode showed better results than nickel-iron modified electrode for the electrocatalytic oxidation of urea. The effects of different urea concentrations, different NaOH concentrations, and different scan rates on the electrocatalytic properties of the two modified electrodes were investigated.

Synthesis of manganese porphyrins/electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide nanocomposite to simultaneously detect dopamine and uric acid under the interference of ascorbic acid

This study reported the synthesis of ERGO-MnTMPyP and its electrochemical detection performance for dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The nanocomposite was based on the electrostatic interaction between graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and manganese porphyrins (MnTMPyP). The material was characterized using various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), demonstrating successful synthesis. Various electrochemical tests, including cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), were performed to analyze the electrochemical characteristics of modified glass carbon electrodes (GCE). The modified electrode exhibited a significant reduction in electron transfer resistance, decreasing to 100.9 Ω. Compared with previous studies, the modified electrode reveals a unique performance to effectively detect DA (208 mV) and UA (328 mV) simultaneously with the presence of ascorbic acid (AA) interference. The detection peaks of DA and UA were apparently separated with the detection limits of 0.29 μM in the linear range of 2.23–10.76 μM and 0.64 μM in the linear range of 2.23–10.76 μM (S/N = 3), respectively.

Detection of catechins in tea beverages using a novel electrochemical sensor based on cyclodextrin nanosponges composite

AbstractCatechin (Cat) is one of the primary functional components of tea, and its accurate detection is significant for understanding the health benefits of tea. In this study, cyclodextrin nanosponges (CDNS) were prepared and employed to combine with graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and carboxylated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs‐COOH) to form a CDNS/GQDs/MWCNTs‐COOH composite. Scanning electron microscope and X‐ray diffraction were used to characterize the composite which was used to build a new electrochemical Cat sensor. The abundance of cavities, intermolecular gaps, and surface active groups of CD molecules endowed CDNS with remarkable Cat enrichment capacity. Due to the outstanding biocompatibility of GQDs, the good electrocatalytic activity of MWCNTs‐COOH, and the enrichment capacity of CDNS, the composite modified glass carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited excellent electrochemical sensing performance. The CDNS/GQDs/MWCNTs‐COOH/GCE showed a sensitive peak current response to catechins in the linear range between 2 × 10−8 and 1.2 × 10−6 M, with a minimum limit of detection (S/N = 3) of 4.45 nM. The sensor has also been successfully applied for catechin detection in tea beverages.

In-situ synthesis of Pt nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide/cellulose nanohybrid for nonenzymatic glucose sensing

In recent years, nanocellulose-based bioinorganic nanohybrids have been exploited in numerous applications due to their unique nanostructure, excellent catalytic properties, and good biocompatibility. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the simple and effective synthesis of graphene/cellulose (RGO/CNC) matrix-supported platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) for nonenzymatic electrochemical glucose sensing. The Pt/RGO/CNC nanohybrid presented a porous network structure, in which Pt NPs, RGO, and CNCs were integrated well. Here, cellulose nanocrystals act as a biocompatible framework for wrapped RGO and monodispersed Pt nanoparticles, effectively preventing the restacking of graphene during reduction. The superior glucose sensing performance of Pt/RGO/CNC modified glass carbon electrode (GCE) was achieved with a linear concentration range from 0.005 to 8.5 mM and a low detection limit of 2.1 μM. Moreover, the Pt/RGO/CNC/GCE showed remarkable sensitivity, selectivity, durability, and reproducibility. The obtained results indicate that the CNCs-based bioinorganic nanohybrids could be a promising electrode material in electrochemical biosensors.

A sensitive electrochemical sensor based on La-SnO2 NF/CNTs modified glass carbon electrode for bisphenol A detection

La-SnO 2 NF/CNTs/GCE was successfully applied to electrochemically detect bisphenol A (BPA, an environmental pollutant), and the linear range and the detection limit is 0.02 ∼ 10 μmol/L and 1.02 nmol/L respectively. Moreover, the recovery rate is 96% ∼ 104% in actual water samples and the results are satisfactory. • La-doped hierarchical nanoflower-like SnO 2 composited with carbon nanotubes (La-SnO 2 NF/CNTs) was synthesized. • This electrode material was successfully applied in bisphenol A (BPA) electrochemical rapid detection. • The recovery rate is 96 % ∼ 104 % in actual sample analysis. Lanthanum-doped nanoflower-like tin dioxide was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method and composited carbon nanotubes (La-SnO 2 NF/CNTs), then it was loaded onto glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to electrochemically detect bisphenol A (BPA). The experimental results show that La-SnO 2 NF/CNTs/GCE has excellent electrochemical performance, and linear range, detection limit and quantification limit are 0.02 ∼ 10 μmol/L, 1.02 nmol/L and 0.02 μmol/L respectively. The precision and accuracy of this method are verified by intra-day and inter-day. Finally, La-SnO 2 NF/CNTs/GCE was further applied to determine BPA in actual water samples and recovery rate was 96 % ∼ 104 %, suggesting it has huge potential in BPA determination.

Tailor-designed Pd-Cu-Ni/rGO nanocomposite for efficient glucose electro-oxidation

• Pd-Cu-Ni/rGO shows a striking activity towards GOR. • Capacitance measurements explain the observed enhancement. • Smart design of the catalyst increases the fuel utilization and turnover frequency values. • Pd-Cu-Ni/rGO/GC shows high sensitivity and selectivity towards GOR. The study presented in this paper introduces a promising ternary catalyst composed of palladium-copper-nickel nanocomposite which is electro-deposited at reduced graphene oxide modified glass carbon electrode (Pd-Cu-Ni/rGO/GC). The modified electrode is shown to exhibit an excellent activity towards glucose electrooxidation reaction (GOR), where the peak current obtained at its surface is 4.6, 3.0, 2.2 times of that achieved at Cu/rGO/GC, Ni/rGO/GC, and Pd/rGO/GC electrodes, respectively. Additionally, Pd-Cu-Ni/rGO/GC electrode exhibits a high capacitance, a long-term stability, besides supporting a high oxidation capacity and a high turnover frequency for GOR. Moreover, Pd-Cu-Ni/rGO/GC electrode exhibits a great sensitivity of 2800 µA mM −1 cm −2 to GOR with detection limit of 0.01 µM using a signal-to-noise ratio value of 3, it also has a high molecular selectivity for GOR. rGO is believed to augment the surface area, durability, and electrical properties of the catalyst. Pd provides the active sites and NiOx acts as a catalytic mediators for GOR. CuOx has a narrow band gap suitable for glucose sensing applications.

Monoclinic WO3 nanosheets-carbon nanotubes nanocomposite based electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of bisphenol A

• WO 3 -CNT nanocomposite was hydrothermally prepared and used as a novel sensing material. • WO 3 -CNT/GCE has enhanced electro-oxidation peak current and reduced potential for BPA. • Improved surface area, good electron transfer and reproducibility of the sensor. • WO 3 -CNT/GCE sensor for BPA has two linear ranges with low detection limit (16.3 nM) • Admirable performance of the sensor for the practical applicability in real samples. A novel and sensitive electrochemical sensor based on monoclinic tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) nanosheets-carbon nanotubes nanocomposite (WO 3 -CNT) modified glass carbon electrode (GCE) is developed for the direct detection of endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) in textile sample for the first time. The electrochemical behavior of BPA on the resultant WO 3 -CNT/GCE sensor is investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronocoulometry (CC). Under the optimized conditions, the proposed sensor can be adopted to the quantification of BPA using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and the electro-oxidation peak current is proportional to the BPA concentration in the range of 0.03–3.0 μM and 3.0–100 μM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9993 and 0.9992, respectively. Moreover, the proposed sensor with a detection limit of 16.3 nM (S/N = 3) exhibits good reproducibility, selectivity and stability, and can be successfully applied to detect the BPA concentrations in real samples (textile, plastic and tap water) with satisfactory recovery (99.4%-110.1%). The present strategy on the hybridization of CNTs and WO 3 enables more opportunities for the electrochemical detection of BPA in the practical applications.

A facile electrochemical sensor based on green synthesis of Cs/Ce-MOF for detection of tryptophan in human serum

A facile electrochemical sensor for tryptophan detection was designed and constructed by using Cs/Ce-MOF modified glass carbon electrode. The synthesis strategy of Cs/Ce-MOF composite not only greatly saved both energy and time costs, but also prevented the aggregation of Ce-MOF. The electrochemical sensor possessed excellent performance with wide linear range (0.25–331 μM) and a low limit of detection (0.14 μM), which is due to the good film-forming ability, permeability and rich accessible active sites. Additionally, the as-prepared electrochemical sensor has good selectivity, reproducibility, repeatability, stability and potential application in real samples.

A novel catechin electrochemical sensor based on a two-dimensional MOFs material derivative Zn doped carbon nanosheets and multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite film

In this paper, the precursor ZIF-8/NaCl composite material was successfully synthesized by the in-situ synthesis method, and the two-dimensional zinc doped carbon nanosheets (Zn CNs) were obtained after heat treatment of the precursor. Zn CNs were electrodeposited on carboxylated carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) modified glass carbon electrode (GCE) to construct an electrochemical sensor for catechins. The materials are characterized using scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm. Zn CNs/MWCNTs-COOH composite provide the sensor with excellent electrochemical and electrocatalytic performance. Therefore, the sensor has a wide detection range (30.0–738 nM) and a low detection limit (LOD = 10.0 nM) for catechins. The effectiveness of the sensor was also verified in actual sample detection with good stability and accuracy. This study may provide a feasible solution for the detection of catechin.

Amplified electrochemical determination of niclosamide in food based on carbon nanohorn@MWCNT composite.

In this work, carbon nanohorn (CNH)-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) (CNH@MWCNT) composite was prepared and used to modify glass carbon electrode (GCE) as sensitive electrochemical sensor for niclosamide (NA) determination. Herein, the decoration of CNHs induces higher dispersibility for MWCNTs, and endows the composite with better conductivity, larger surface area, and higher catalytic activity, which leads to significantly enhanced electrochemical behavior toward NA oxidation. The parameters such as mass ratios of CNHs and MWCHTs, the amount of composite materials, the accumulation time, and the solution pH are systematically optimized. Under optimized conditions, the developed electrochemical sensor exhibits a low detection limit of 2.0nM with a wide linear range of 7.0nM-10.0µM and high anti-interference ability. In addition, the sensor displays good stability, repeatability, and reproducibility. The feasibility of the assay was verified by testing NA in brown rice and rice field water samples.

Lotus seedpods biochar decorated molybdenum disulfide for portable, flexible, outdoor and inexpensive sensing of hyperin

Biomass waste, a good candidate for advanced carbon materials for sustainable electrodes, is receiving more and more attention for high value-added materials because of its promising contribution to economic growth and sustainable development. We proposed a green co-hydrothermal approach to prepare lotus seedpods biochar (BC) decorated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) from waste lotus seedpods and precursors of MoS2, and a portable, flexible, outdoor and inexpensive sensing platform for hyperin on the integrated flexible three-electrode using U-disk potentiostat with smartphone was successfully developed. Structure and properties of MoS2-BC were characterized, it was proved that BC improves microstructure and morphology, electronic conductivity, electrode stability and electrocatalytic properties of MoS2. Attributing to these impressive features, the detection signal of hyperin was significantly amplified by the MoS2-BC modified glass carbon electrode (GCE) in detection range of 0.01–21 μΜ with detection limit (LOD) of 5 nM. It was worth mentioning that the MoS2-BC modified screen-printed electrode (SPE) performs hyperin detection in range of 100 nM - 3 μM with LOD 50 nM (S/N = 3). The practicability of the proposed method confirmed that the portable, on-site, low-cost, and outdoor detection of hyperin was feasible and practical in comparison with traditional both electrochemical sensing and HPLC methods.

Electroconductive Polyaniline–Ag-ZnO Green Nanocomposite Material

Metal-conducting polyaniline (PANI)-based nanocomposite materials have attracted attention in various applications due to their synergism of electrical, mechanical, and optical properties of the initial components. Herein, metal-PANI nanocomposites, including silver nanoparticle-polyaniline (AgNP-PANI), zinc oxide nanoparticle-polyaniline (ZnONP-PANI), and silver-zinc oxide nanoparticle-polyaniline (Ag–ZnONP-PANI), were prepared using the two processes. Nanocomposite-based electrode platforms were prepared by depositing AgNPs, ZnONPs, or Ag–ZnONPs on a PANI modified glass carbon electrode (GCE) in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide/N-Hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS, 1:2) as coupling agents. The incorporation of AgNPs, ZnONPs, and Ag–ZnONPs onto PANI was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, which showed five absorbance bands at 216 nm, 412 nm, 464 nm, 550 nm, and 831 nm (i.e., transition of π-π*, π-polaron band transition, polaron-π* electronic transition, and AgNPs). The FTIR characteristic signatures of the nanocomposite materials exhibited stretching arising from C–H aromatic, C–O, and C–N stretching mode for benzenoid rings, and =C–H plane bending vibration formed during protonation. The CV voltammograms of the nanocomposite materials showed a quasi-reversible behavior with increased redox current response. Notably, AgNP–PANI–GCE electrode showed the highest conductivity, which was attributed the high conductivity of silver. The increase in peak currents exhibited by the composites shows that AgNPs and ZnONPs improve the electrical properties of PANI, and they could be potential candidates for electrochemical applications.