Mode In China Research Articles

High-speed rail services for elderly passengers: Ticket-booking patterns and policy implications

Mobility is important for the well-being of the elderly, as it enables them to maintain social connections and enjoy a good quality of life. High-speed rail (HSR) is an important transportation mode in China, and considering China's aging population, HSR operators must offer convenient services to elderly people to enhance their mobility. This study analyzed HSR ticket-booking records to examine the ticket-booking patterns of elderly passengers in two China delta regions (the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta). The results show that male and female younger elderly passengers (i.e., those aged 60–69) differed in their HSR travel preferences (e.g., seat type and booking day), whereas these inter-gender differences were less significant among elderly passengers aged 70 and over. Furthermore, compared with the younger passengers (whose ages were less than 60 years), elderly passengers tended to avoid night trips and were more likely to travel with companions. However, the positive effects of group support were often hindered by ticket-selling limitations that prevented elderly passengers from sitting together. The findings indicate that elderly people in the two regions experience barriers to HSR travel, and we provide suggestions to improve their HSR travel mobility.

Non-suffering Work: China's Medical Interventions in South Sudan

AbstractThis paper explores China's mode of medical intervention in South Sudan and compares it with the medical humanitarianism and global health imaginaries and modes of intervention that characterize the activities of the wider international community, especially NGOs and faith-based organizations. In their provision of medical aid to South Sudan, organizations of the international community largely draw on a discourse of suffering and a framework of emergency response to humanitarian crises in post-conflict settings, which often translates into vertical programmes which involve direct governance of the South Sudanese population. In contrast, China's contemporary medical interventions in South Sudan are a mixture of health diplomacy, health infrastructure and development aid, an assemblage which can be understood as a “non-suffering” model of care and a loosely defined apparatus of biopolitics. However, the obvious gap between national goals and the daily experiences of individual Chinese doctors suggests that this will be an uneven process of “becoming.”

An Empirical Study of Integrating Information Technology in English Teaching in Artificial Intelligence Era

Affordance of information technology in artificial intelligence era is accelerating its increasing integration into English teaching all over the world. However, the implementation of integrating information and communication technology requires the transformation of teaching concepts, the optimization of teaching strategies, and the innovation of teaching methods.This empirical study, which is based on analysis of status quo of college English teaching modes in China, aims to explore pedagogical challeges and motivate English teachers to take initiative to transform their clarssrooms with technology. It further proposes a framework as well as some innovative strategies in implementing the reform in college English classrooms. An exploratory study was conducted using the framework, indicating that integrating information communication technology into education can greaty enhance teaching efficiency, effectively improve learning outcomes, and promote students’ positive attitude towards learning.

Combined System of Organic Substrate and Straw-Degrading Microbial Agents Improved Soil Organic Matter Levels and Microbial Abundance in a Rice-Wheat Rotation.

Rice-wheat rotation is one of the most intensive agricultural planting modes in China and is pivotal to develop optimized straw-returning management in situ to improve soil fertility and productivity in agricultural ecosystems. Previous studies have mainly focused on the effects of straw return with a single application of organic fertilizers. The integrated management of different fertilizers in improving the management of straw return in situ is not well known. In this study, a field experiment was conducted from 2017 to 2019 to explore the effects of a combined system of modified organic substrate (MOS) and straw-degrading compound microbial agent (CMA) on soil physiochemical properties, labile organic carbon, microbial activities, and soil microbial community composition under the background of direct crop straw return and chemical fertilizer utilization. Four treatments were designed: (1) control check; (2) CMA; (3) MOS; and (4) MOS + CMA. The results showed that theMOS + CMA treatment had the combined advantages of soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation, soil nutrient increase and soil microbial community alteration, which may be more suitable for improving the quality and fertility of sandy loam soil. This study provides novel insights for further understanding the effects of organic substrates and composite microbial agents on SOM changes and microbial community composition and function in the field, which has important implications for sustainable crop production and agricultural development.

Research on Innovation Ecosystem of Dairy Industry Cluster Based on Machine Learning and Improved Neural Network.

With the rapid development of global economy, the industrial cluster has become the new trend of world economic development. So far, the industrial cluster mode with space as the main division has been formed. The cooperation of industrial clusters is dynamic. The industries in the cluster cooperate with each other for mutual benefit and win-win, occupying a place in the fierce market competition. In addition, the industrial cluster is also conducive to strengthen the international economic division of labor and points out the direction of regional industrial transfer. China is now in a critical period of economic development; the industrial cluster plays an important role in China's industrial transformation and economic development. At present, the most common regional development mode in China is industrial cluster. The emergence of industrial cluster accelerates the development of industrial regional economy and the balance of industrial layout. Industrial clusters occupy a key position in China's economic industry chain, and the development and change in industrial clusters will directly affect the development of the entire industrial chain. This study first simulates the evolution path of industrial cluster and then establishes the relevant data model. Finally, through repast simulation, it puts forward conclusions and suggestions according to the verification results. The construction of dynamic model can realize the simulation of industrial cluster theory. According to the simulation results, we can find that the ecosystem in different stages will produce different characteristics; the formation and evolution of industrial clusters are actually the epitome of market development. In this process, the government guidance and market regulation are needed to accelerate the formation of industrial cluster ecosystem and increase the scale of industrial cluster.

Large hospitals' outpatient diversion system in China: Following individual intention and referral.

In this study, we explored the strategies and suggestions for the outpatient diversion system of large hospitals in Chinese underdeveloped areas of primary medical care, under the consideration of balancing patients' intention and compliance with the referral system. An empirical study was conducted on the relationship among medical need, visiting intention and health-seeking behaviour to verify the effect of intention-system mixed outpatient diversion mode in China's large hospitals. Examination of the demographic characteristics, insurance, and residence information revealed that outpatients could be divided into three categories before the application of the referral system. Then, due to the implementation of the referral system, the willingness of some patients to seek medical treatment has changed. Consequently, the service path for outpatients could be consolidated into two categories with differentiated behavioural characteristics, which were respectively driven by personal intention and service system. According to the utility value intervention of the referral system for outpatient seeking behaviour, some measures and strategies can be explored to build a new system that combines personal connotation and system utility to realise the effective distribution and management of outpatients in large hospitals in Chinese underdeveloped areas.

Rice-crayfish co-culture reduces ammonia volatilization and increases rice nitrogen uptake in central China

In recent years, rice-crayfish co-culture has been widely promoted as a newly emerging farming mode in China. The peripheral trench for crayfish farming and paddy field drainage in this farming mode can alter nitrogen (N) fertilizer deposition and ammonia (NH3) diffusion. However, the effect of the peripheral trench on NH3 volatilization remains unclear. We hypothesized that the peripheral trench under rice-crayfish co-culture (RC) can reduce total NH3 volatilization and enhance rice N uptake. Here, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different rice farming patterns [RC and rice monoculture (RM)] on NH3 volatilization and rice N uptake during the 2018–2019 rice growing seasons. NH3 volatilization from both the paddy field and the peripheral trench under RC was determined. Compared with RM, RC reduced the mean urease activity by 28.2–29.4% in the paddy field by promoting N fertilizer deposition into the peripheral trench. The decrease in urease activity finally reduced the total NH3 volatilization by 16.1–19.6% from both the paddy field and the peripheral trench. As a special drainage structure, the peripheral trench increased the rice N uptake by 16.7–18.3% under RC compared with that under RM by reducing NH3 volatilization.

Uncovering the patterns and driving forces of virtual forestland flows in China

Nowadays, virtual land use related to consumption and trade flows has become an important part of land use. However, there has been little discussion about virtual forestland use. Therefore, this study performs the multi-regional input-output model on virtual forestland use and its changes in thirty provinces in China. And the influencing factors behind the dynamics of virtual forestland have been explored through the structural decomposition analysis. The results show that the area of virtual forestland embodied in trade was 673,277 km2 and 566,791 km2 in 2007 and 2012, equivalent to 32.14% and 27.03% of the total forestland area in China, respectively. There was north to east coast virtual forestland trade mode in China. The developed provinces or cities in China such as Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin and Guangdong have a disproportionate share of virtual forestland imports (over 90%) from least developed provinces and forest-rich provinces. In addition, 11.06% and 7.47% of China's total forestland in 2007 and 2012 was used to supply consumption of foreign countries and regions. In addition, forestland use intensity and consumption volume were the main reasons for the dynamic changes of virtual forestland in most provinces. Through the exploration of the virtual forestland flow pattern helps to develop forestland conservation and restoration policies from the consumer side and achieve sustainable development of China's forest land.

The use of E-moped increases commute satisfaction and subjective well-being: Evidence from Shanghai, China

Increasing residents' commute satisfaction and subjective well-being contribute to a healthy, sustainable, and successful society. In this respect, transport mode choice is commonly recognized as one of the key factors associated with commute satisfaction and commuters' subjective well-being. However, few studies have investigated how e-moped, one of the most popular commute transport modes in China, shapes residents' commute satisfaction and subjective well-being, although e-moped ownership in China is extremely great. Thus, we conducted an empirical study on the impact of commuting by e-mopeds, using the survey data from eight residential communities in Shanghai. A path analysis model was established to investigate the relationships between commute characteristics (including commute distance, commute time, commute costs, transport mode choice, transport environment), socio-demographics, commute satisfaction, and subjective well-being. The model results showed that commute satisfaction positively correlated with commuters’ subjective well-being. However, the relationship between transport mode choice and commute satisfaction was demonstrated not straightforward but fully mediated by commute time and commute costs which both showed a negative impact on commute satisfaction. In this case, using active modes was revealed to lead to a happier work commute than using private cars, whereas bus riders were at the bottom of the list as expected. Surprisingly, the use of e-mopeds resulted in the second highest total effects on the increase of commute satisfaction and subjective well-being, due to less commute time and lower commute costs. Moreover, the substitution effects of e-mopeds were examined. The results indicated that bus commuters held the most possibility to shift to e-mopeds; while, it was found hard to let e-moped users alter to the other transport modes of commuters. In this context, it was reasonable to further promote the development of e-mopeds in Shanghai, and targeted practical implications were given in this study.

Income allocation of ‘insurance + futures’ with risk modified Shapley value method

ABSTRACT ‘Insurance + futures’, a new agricultural cooperation mode in China, fails to guarantee a fair and reasonable income allocation among core stakeholders which hinders the rapid promotion of this pilot project. By using Shapley value method based on the idea of ‘income allocation matches contribution’, this article suggests an income allocation scheme for farmers, insurance institutions and futures institutions. After using AHP and fuzzy mathematics evaluation method to calculate risk sharing coefficients for three parties to get modified parameters, a risk modified income allocation scheme is developed. Compared with the income allocation scheme based on equal risk sharing, this scheme can fully meet the interest demands of three parties and provide reference for the sustainable development of the mode.

Bilingual or “Bye-Lingual”? An Analysis and Discussion of Bilingual Education Mode in China and the US

This article compares bilingual education mode in two countries: China and the US. For China, the bilingual education been analysed includes mandarin and ethnic minority languages, Chinese and English. Extant research on bilingual education tends to focus on one country whilst there is a paucity of papers comparing various kinds of bilingual education. In this paper, by using the systematic review method, the differences and similarities of bilingual education mode in these two countries are been discussed and the tensions, as well as opportunities of bilingual education behind these two countries is explored. This paper ends a call for non-English native speaking EFL/ESL teachers to see their first language as an asset for developing bilingual education worldwide.

Comparison of nitrogen losses from different manure treatment and application management systems in China

There is a worldwide focus on reducing the environmental impacts of livestock manure management. In China, there are different manure treatment and application modes, including complete treatment to remove nitrogen (N) for direct discharge into watercourses. But we lack a systematic quantitative comparison of the environmental losses that occur from different management modes. We used an example farm of 10,000 finisher pigs to quantitatively analyze the annual N losses from land application (LA) and treatment to remove N from manure to the level of discharge consent (DS) under 24 sub-modes. This is an important study to unravel the effect of choice of different manure management systems on subsequent N losses. The results showed that the N losses from the LA mode (52.6% of total N excretion) were significantly lower than that from the DS mode (75.9%). Compared with other sub-modes, N emission from whole slurry injection was the smallest, accounting for 43.2% of total N excretion. NH3–N was the main source of N loss which accounted for 72.9% and 50.2% in LA and DS mode, respectively. The lowest N emission of LA mode with mitigation options, including slurry store covers, composting with bio-filter deodorization and injection application, was 28.8% of total N excretion, which is only 42.2% of N emission from DS mode with mitigation options. Insights from this systematic study of different manure management modes in China show the imperative of control ammonia emission for China, and provide guidance to the sustainable manure management in rapidly developing countries.

Trends of Higher-Vocational English Teaching Modes in China-Based on The Visualization of Cite-Space

Researches on higher-vocational English teaching modes in China have developed for 19 years from 2003 to 2022. There are 8342 researches on higher vocational English teaching modes till Aug. 2022. It is urgent to figure out the research trends of higher-vocational English teaching modes, which include the research hot spots, frontiers and prospects in order to make recommendations for the further researches. Since the number of relative researches has been decreasing since 2018, 3058 researches on higher-vocational English teaching modes from Jan. 2018 to Aug. 2022 on CNKI platform were collected for this study. Cite Space 6.1.R3, as literature visualization analysis tool, was utilized for the study. Cluster analysis, kkeywords visualization function, burst detection function, keywords clustering and timeline function of Cite Space were applied for this research. As the analysis results indicate, the major research trends of higher-vocational English teaching modes include blended teaching mode in China; higher-vocational English teaching modes based on We-chat and other platforms. Research frontiers include business English, public English and hotel English teaching modes; Spoc (Small Private Online Course) teaching modes. Research prospects include blended teaching mode in public English education. As for the authors and institutions for the literature, Zhao Keyan has 15 frequency by citation and Hunan Arts and Crafts Vocational College has the strongest strength. As for the recommendation for further researches on higher-vocational English teaching modes, blended teaching modes in public higher-vocational English education are proposed

Probe into the Low-Carbon Economic Environment Challenges and Opportunities of Textile and Garment Export.

Ecological and environmental protection is the main problem of China's economic construction. As one of the high-energy-consuming industries, the traditional textile printing and dyeing industry has led to great concern from all walks of life in the context of the country's in-depth promotion of energy conservation and consumption reduction. The comprehensive development of a low-carbon economy is the fundamental guarantee for China to solve the problem of climate warming and complete the sustainable development of economic development. The traditional textile printing and dyeing industry should also change its development mode to meet the standards of low-carbon economy. Here, the connotation of low-carbon economy and the significance of promoting the low-carbon economic reform of the textile printing and dyeing industry are described, and the current situation and development trend of the low-carbon economy of China's textile printing and dyeing industry is deeply analyzed. Taking the basic theory of garment trade and low-carbon economy as the carrier, the application of low-carbon development mode in China's textile and garment export business process is expounded. According to the fundamental goal of sustainable development of low-carbon economy and related objectives, the adverse impact on the domestic textile and apparel export business process was discussed and eliminated from three aspects: improve the relevant legal system, enhance the development of new energy, and enhance the importance of enterprises in the relevant whole industry chain.

Protection of China's overseas interests under the background of fierce game between China and the United States

With the escalation of the game between China and the United States in recent years and the continuous fermentation of the conflict and crisis between Russia and Ukraine, the protection of China's overseas interests is more seriously facing a new situation. In this context, this paper summarizes previous studies on the protection of China's overseas interests, and comprehensively proposes four types of major risks faced by China's overseas interest protection: economic and financial, terrorist security, overseas public opinion, and cultural differences. On this basis, it analyzes the main characteristics of the four types of risks, and focuses on the path and mode of China's overseas interest protection in the new era through the dual perspectives of strength construction and system construction.

Dilemma and Outlet of Mixed Ownership in Higher Vocational Colleges

The school running form of mixed ownership in higher vocational colleges is not only the inevitable requirement of the development of the new era, but also conforms to the development trend of the reform of vocational talent training mode in China in recent years. It is the innovative performance of mixed ownership in higher vocational education. A reasonable school running form of mixed ownership helps to stimulate market vitality and attract more social resources to participate in the training of professional talents. However, at present, there are still many weak links in the process of running schools under mixed ownership in China's higher vocational colleges: cognitive deviation, imperfect relevant legal system, insufficient role of government promotion, weak teachers and management. This paper mainly puts forward targeted solutions to the above difficulties, in order to promote the high-quality development of running schools under mixed ownership in China's higher vocational colleges.

Research on the Impact of Technology Innovation on Quantity and Quality of Economic Growth in the Yangtze River Delta of China: A Comparative Study

High-quality economic development (HQED) has recently become a crucial sustainable growth mode in China, which pursues economic growth while maintaining social equity and green ecology. The HQED of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) has played an exemplary role in achieving the leap from “China speed” to “China Quality”. In this paper, we first use the entropy-weight multidimensional comprehensive evaluation method to calculate the HQED index as a proxy for the quality of economic growth. Then, using panel data of 41 cities in the YRD, we conduct a comparative study to examine impacts of technological innovation (TI) on quantity and quality of economic growth by employing different panel estimation models over the period 2009-2019 and check the robustness in five ways. Finally, this paper investigates the TI-economic growth link based on the panel quantile regression across the conditional distributions of economic growth levels. Results show that TI has significantly positive effects in terms of both quantity and quality of economic growth, and the promoting effect on the quantity of economic growth is almost four times higher than that of quality under mean estimations by double fixed-effects. The effect on quantity of economic growth is also stronger than that of quality under the conditional distribution, and TI has a stronger impact for regions with higher levels of economic growth.

The Influence of Pension Mode on the Mental Health of Older Adults-Evidence from Older Adults in China.

Successful aging is achieved throughout the life course, and successful aging groups tend to have good psychosocial and physical conditions and are active in social activities. With increasing age, the mental health problems of older adults have become increasingly prominent, and the choice of pension mode is closely related to the mental health of older adults. Starting from the psychological level of the older adult, this paper used data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey to study the impact of three pension methods on the mental health of older adults. The study found that, at present, there are three types of pension modes in China: living alone, family pension, and institutional care, and family pensions are still the mainstream pension mode. Older adults with deeper negative feelings are more inclined to family pensions than to live alone, but the spiritual comfort provided by family members does not improve the negative feelings of older adults. Institutional care deepens the negative feeling and reduces the positive feeling of older adults. In addition, retirement or pension and medical insurance, as life security in old age, can effectively reduce the negative feelings of old age and promote positive feelings. In view of the present situation of China’s pension mode and the psychological characteristics of the older adults, we should further build a perfect family pension security system, promote the personalized service construction of older adult care institutions, promote applicable aging renovation of existing residential areas, and encourage older adults to engage in healthy exercise.

Research on Talent Training Mode of Interdisciplinary Integration in Colleges and Universities

Interdisciplinary and integrated talent training is not only the urgent need of economic, scientific, technological and social development, but also one of the inevitable trends of higher education and teaching reform. Firstly, this paper analyzes and summarizes three types of multidisciplinary talent training modes in American universities, namely, project-based interdisciplinary talent training mode, professional education based interdisciplinary talent training mode and curriculum based interdisciplinary talent training mode. Then, it compares and analyzes four modes of interdisciplinary talent training in Colleges and universities in China, namely interdisciplinary curriculum mode, interdisciplinary project mode, interdisciplinary specialty mode and interdisciplinary degree mode. Finally, it puts forward the design idea of curriculum system of interdisciplinary and integrated talent training mode in China.

Development Assessment of the Coal Industry of China Based on the Minimum Deviation Comprehensive Weight Evaluation Model

Coal is the most reliable energy resource in China and has been in existence for a long time. The development model of coal industry is of great significance to carbon emission and environmental protection. In order to evaluate the development mode of China’s coal industry, this paper presents the constructed evaluation index system of the development mode of the coal industry from two dimensions, demand pull and factor drive. And, coal consumption is the measurement index of demand pull and selecting resources, capital, technology, human resources, and the energy system form the measurement index of factor drive. By analyzing the evaluation index system of the coal industry development mode and optimal evaluation method, the minimum deviation comprehensive weighting evaluation model, based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and entropy are constructed. The evaluation results show that the coal industry has continued the factor driven growth, driven by demand, in the past decades. Finally, the study analyzes the changes and challenges of the development of China’s coal industry from four aspects, development power, development mode, development effect, and development bottleneck, to provide support for revealing the internal mechanism of the development mode of China’s coal industry.