Modern Hospital Research Articles

Hygienic behavior of bees as an element of sterility in the production of environmentally friendly products

Beekeeping in Russia has been widespread for a long time and almost everywhere, a traditional and significant branch of the country’s agriculture. In the Russian Federation, as in most countries, beekeeping is mainly practiced by amateurs. In 2019, according to government statistics, there were about 4.0 million bee colonies in the country, with more than 90% of them in the private sector. One of the factors of high productivity of bee colonies is the hygienic activity of individuals. The behavior of the bees in maintaining cleanliness and hygiene in the hive is astonishing. Not only the honeycomb, but even the walls and floor of the hive are always kept neat, polished with propolis. Garbage falling to the bottom of the hive is immediately thrown out through the entrance. Moreover, large litter, for example, the corpse of a bee, is pulled out by the orderlies onto the boarding board, and, grabbing it with their legs, take off to carry it away from the hive. Worker bees sweep small debris out of the hive with their fan wings, like brooms, and even brush dust particles to the tap hole. Sterility in a honey bee nest can be compared to an operating room in a modern clinical hospital.

Review Essay: “Beyond Metaphor”: The Uncanny Precariousness of Being

Review Essay: “Beyond Metaphor”: The Uncanny Precariousness of Being

A Comparative Study for Measuring Serum Ferritin Levels with Three Different Laboratory Methods: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay versus Cobas e411 and Cobas Integra 400 Methods.

Different laboratory methods are used to measure serum ferritin levels as a marker of iron status in the general population. This study aimed to compare serum ferritin levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) versus immunochemiluminescence (Cobas e411) and immunoturbidimetric (Cobas Integra 400) methods in terms of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, and whether they can be used interchangeably. A comparative cross-sectional study enrolled one hundred and six adult Yemeni patients (33 males and 73 females) aged 18–55 years, recruited from the dermatology and cosmetic center of Hadhramout Modern Hospital, Mukalla, Yemen. Serum ferritin levels were measured using ELISA, Cobas e411, and Cobas Integra 400 methods. For method comparison, a paired-sample t-test was used. For the consistency between the three methods, they were analyzed with regression and Pearson correlation coefficient. For determining accuracy, a receiver operating curve (ROC) was used. Bias error between the methods was determined through a Bland–Altman plot analysis. Our results did not show any significant statistical difference between ELISA and Cobas e411 (52.55 ± 7.4 µg/L vs. 52.58 ± 7.5 µg/L, p = 0.967), while there were significantly higher values from Cobas Integra 400 results than Cobas e411 (56.31 ± 7.8 µg/L vs. 52.58 ± 7.5 µg/L, p < 0.001) and ELISA (52.55 ± 7.4 µg/L vs. 56.31 ± 7.8 µg/L, p < 0.001). According to the correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis, a strong association between ELISA with Cobas e411 (r = 0.993, p < 0.001) and Cobas Integra 400 results (r = 0.994, p < 0.001) were revealed. For determining accuracy, Cobas e411 and Cobas Integra 400 results showed higher sensitivity (92.0%; 90.0%) and specificity (97.7%; 99.9%) respectively. Additionally, the Bland–Altman plot analysis showed a high agreement between the ELISA and Cobas e411 methods (bias: −0.035). In contrast, there was a low agreement between the ELISA and Cobas Integra 400 methods (bias: −3.75). Similarly, the agreement between Cobas e411 and Cobas Integra 400 methods was low (bias: −3.72). Serum ferritin levels were measured by Cobas e411, and Cobas Integra 400 methods were strongly correlated with the ELISA results, with higher sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. However, further investigations with larger samples are required for improved accuracy and more precise results, and to determine whether they can be used interchangeably.

The Exploration of the Path in Decision-making and Democracy Management within the Management Systems of Modern Hospitals

Modern hospitals base their management systems on the division of policies and affairs, administration and practice. The state-owned hospitals become the juristic persons which possess the independent property ownership, franchise, personnel autonomy, right of salary assigning and KPI assessing and etc. By means of which, the government grants adequate autonomy to the hospital management team that features the director of the hospital as the core member. With the above context as the main topic, this paper tends to examine the way to achieve the scientific, efficient and democratic decision-making, further exploring the path to a better optimized management and decision-making system of modern hospitals.

Fire incidents in Bed-head panels: Causes and recommendations for prevention

Disaster incidents leading to massive obliterations often bring to the forefront the inadequacies of the systems, infrastructure as well as personages. In healthcare settings, these imperfections are usually exhibited specifically during fire disasters. This case report details a true fire incident that erupted in a patient bed-head panel of an emergency complex room and describes the real-life challenges encountered by the emergency staff in preserving both life and property. Bed-head units encompass both electrical and medical gases: a structural component quite common in modern hospitals. Precautionary measures should be implemented to mitigate such incidents, as well as specific attention, should be made during the designing and installation of these bed-head panels. Better coordination, scheduled training, and fire drills can improve the overall outcomes and minimize the possibility of these potentially fatal problems, thereby, making a safer healthcare environment for every worker and patient.

RFID Adaption in Healthcare Organizations: An Integrative Framework

Radio frequency identification (RFID), also known as electronic label technology, is a non-contact automated identification technology that recognizes the target object and extracts relevant data and critical characteristics using radio frequency signals. Medical equipment information management is an important part of the construction of a modern hospital, as it is linked to the degree of diagnosis and care, as well as the hospital’s benefits and growth. The aim of this study is to create an integrated view of a theoretical framework to identify factors that influence RFID adoption in healthcare, as well as to conduct an empirical review of the impact of organizational, environmental, and individual factors on RFID adoption in the healthcare industry. In contrast to previous research, the current study focuses on individual factors as well as organizational and technological factors in order to better understand the phenomenon of RFID adoption in healthcare, which is characterized as a dynamic and challenging work environment. This research fills a gap in the current literature by describing how user factors can influence RFID adoption in healthcare and how such factors can lead to a deeper understanding of the advantages, uses, and impacts of RFID in healthcare. The proposed study has superior performance and effective results.

Maintenance and Management Technology of Medical Imaging Equipment Based on Deep Learning.

Medical equipment maintenance in modern hospital management is an emerging marginal discipline which is one of the important branches of hospital management with the dual function of management and technology. The good or bad management of medical equipment directly affects the quality of hospital work. With the development of science and technology, the scale of hospitals continues to expand and develop; hospitals are equipped with more and more medical equipment and its technical content is getting higher and higher, which makes the medical equipment management and maintenance practitioners more demanding. However, the situation of existing medical equipment management and maintenance personnel is not optimistic. For this reason, this paper designs a good database structure, which can effectively reduce data redundancy and better avoid the problems that may occur during the database operation. As a reference guideline for database design, the three database paradigms can be studied and understood in depth to help software designers design more “robust” databases, enabling effective maintenance and management of medical imaging equipment.

An artificial neural network analysis of the satisfaction of hospital building maintenance services

Modern hospital buildings are very large, complex, sophisticated, and costly structures. The productivity of the hospital building users is influenced by the building performance. Maintenance services are conducted on the buildings to ensure optimum building performance and users’ satisfaction. However, many instances, have been recorded dissatisfactions among the hospital building users with respect to the performance of the maintenance services. This research investigated the satisfaction of private hospital building users with respect to maintenance services through a survey questionnaire that included ten satisfaction of maintenance services. The data revealed that the users are most satisfied with the standard of workmanship, cleanliness of the maintained area, communication with users during maintenance works, and degree of politeness and kindness of the maintenance workers. Using the nine/ten as the independent variables, an artificial neural network model to predict the satisfaction of users with maintenance services was presented. The model revealed that cleanliness and tidiness of the maintained area and the quality of maintenance works are the main predictors of the total maintenance service delivery of the maintenance organisations.

Gardien ou soignant ? Les photographies d’Hippolyte Laurent, infirmier à l’asile de Bron de 1903 à 1907

Hippolyte Laurent, a male nurse and then mortuary attendant at the Bron lunatic asylum, took 270 photographs on glass plates at the beginning of the XXth century. We compared five of these pictures with archive documents and with bibliography. The French lunatic asylum were largely under-medicalized, and the number of patients in continuous increase before 1914. The profile of pathologies was very different from that of modern psychiatric hospitals, with a high proportion of age-related dementias and neurosyphilis, and an annual mortality of more than 10%. At that time, the nursing staff, compelled to a continuous service and celibacy, was multipurpose, also taking care of the cleaning of the premises. Their hard conditions of work were a major cause of the high turnover (around 30%). Fig. 1 shows an experienced male nurse training his younger colleagues in the technical gesture of forced feeding. This scene happened before management introduced a vocational certificate in 1907 to improve training. The medical care relied mainly on the nursing staff, backed by a community life that we can perceive in the clothing exchanges in Fig. 3. The framework of what was then called “moral treatment” included entertainment, depicted in Fig. 2, and close work support to work (Fig. 5). Hygiene and comfort care, specific procedures, balneotherapy support, medication delivery, the management of restlessness, came in addition to the range of nursing care. The daily supervision of nurses, carried out by supervisors, was based on written transmissions (Fig. 4), contradicting the preconceived idea of illiteracy in the profession. Nurses’ social and family conditions improved a few years before the war with the relaxation of continuous service and marriage authorization (1907). Still, permanent service did not disappear until after 1919. So, the nursing staff was not reduced to the role of keepers and they perfectly deserved the qualification of nurses, which the Bron asylum and many other lunatic asylums had recognized before 1900. But the possibility of moral treatment was undermined by the continuous increase in the number of patients.

Performance-based salary distribution ratio in clinical departments of public hospitals based on improved DEA method

Performance-based salary distribution is one of the important contents of modern hospital management system. In general, the distribution of performance salary in public hospitals of China can be divided into two stages: one is from hospitals to departments, the other is from departments to individuals. It is of great significance to improve the performance-based salary distribution system in clinical departments of public hospital, which is beneficial to ensure the public nature, motivate hospital staff to work hard, and raise public healthcare service quality. Therefore, this paper focuses on the issue of performance-based salary distribution in clinical departments of public hospital, adopts super-efficiency DEA model to evaluate the performance of each clinical department, introduces a new utility function for processing the original values of DEA efficient DMUs in order to encourage more clinical departments to pursue higher performance, and finally verifies the comprehensive model by empirical analysis. The result of empirical analysis shows that the performance of DMU7 is highest with an efficiency value of 1.53, followed by DMU3, DMU8, and DMU1. The efficiency value of DMU9 is lowest in all clinical departments.

Picturing the Institution of Social Death: Visual Rhetorics of Postwar Asylum Exposé Photography.

This paper examines how photography shaped the American public's perception of psychiatric hospitals during the immediate post-WWII period. I will analyze photographs that appeared in popular exposé articles of that period and that used photography as a visual aid for disclosing the poor conditions of state hospitals, intending to promote reform efforts focused on turning antiquated asylums into modern hospitals. Existing scholarship has mentioned how these photographs had a significant influence on shaping the public's view of asylum conditions. Through a close examination of these photographs, I will argue that they often contained unintentional messages which stigmatized disabled people.

Deep neural models for automated multi-task diagnostic scan management—quality enhancement, view classification and report generation

The detailed physiological perspectives captured by medical imaging provides actionable insights to doctors to manage comprehensive care of patients. However, the quality of such diagnostic image modalities is often affected by mismanagement of the image capturing process by poorly trained technicians and older/poorly maintained imaging equipment. Further, a patient is often subjected to scanning at different orientations to capture the frontal, lateral and sagittal views of the affected areas. Due to the large volume of diagnostic scans performed at a modern hospital, adequate documentation of such additional perspectives is mostly overlooked, which is also an essential key element of quality diagnostic systems and predictive analytics systems. Another crucial challenge affecting effective medical image data management is that the diagnostic scans are essentially stored as unstructured data, lacking a well-defined processing methodology for enabling intelligent image data management for supporting applications like similar patient retrieval , automated disease prediction etc. One solution is to incorporate automated diagnostic image descriptions of the observation/findings by leveraging computer vision and natural language processing. In this work, we present multi-task neural models capable of addressing these critical challenges. We propose ESRGAN, an image enhancement technique for improving the quality and visualization of medical chest x-ray images, thereby substantially improving the potential for accurate diagnosis, automatic detection and region-of-interest segmentation. We also propose a CNN-based model called ViewNet for predicting the view orientation of the x-ray image and generating a medical report using Xception net, thus facilitating a robust medical image management system for intelligent diagnosis applications. Experimental results are demonstrated using standard metrics like BRISQUE, PIQE and BLEU scores, indicating that the proposed models achieved excellent performance. Further, the proposed deep learning approaches enable diagnosis in a lesser time and their hybrid architecture shows significant potential for supporting many intelligent diagnosis applications.

Implementation of strategic planning in the practice of modern medical institution management: methodological and applied aspects

Introduction. Dismantling of the old economic model of health care as a purely budget organization, which took place under the influence of medical reform in Ukraine, led to a new nature of economic relations, the need for work and development of hospitals as participants in a competitive environment, regional or local health services market, exacerbated the impact of opportunities and threats. Given the uncertainty and dynamism of change, this highlights the need for strategic planning primarily at the level of medical institutions that provide secondary and tertiary (specialized) care to determine priorities and focus resources on achieving their development goals, which requires attention to the scientific and methodological framework ensuring this task.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the need for strategic planning for the development of health care facilities in the context of medical reform and to develop recommendations for its implementation in their management.Research methods. In the course of the research the following methods were used: induction and deduction, system analysis - to determine the components of strategic planning at the level of health care, PEST analysis - to identify factors influencing the development of health care and factors that indicate the need to implement strategic planning in the hospital management system, institutional and comparative analysis - to identify features of strategic planning models, SWOT-analysis, expert assessments - to assess the internal and external environment of the organization, setting goals and strategic priorities.Results. Based on the analysis of the theoretical basis, the author’s approach to the interpretation of the essential characteristics of strategic planning of health care facilities is formed. The current state of the internal and external environment of health care facilities that provide secondary care in the context of health care reform in Ukraine is assessed, problems are identified. The planning system in medical institutions of this type is analyzed. The factors of actualization of the problem of implementation of strategic planning at the present stage are revealed and the necessity of its implementation in management of health care institutions is proved. Based on empirical evaluation conducted using the methods of expert collective commission, SPEIS-analysis, SWOT-analysis, the strengths and weaknesses of modern hospitals, opportunities and threats, the degree of probability and importance of the impact of opportunities and threats on the development of medical institutions, critical issues, the mission is specified, the main strategic goals and priorities are defined. An algorithm for the implementation of strategic planning in hospital management, a system of strategies and their content characteristics is proposed.Perspectives. Further research is needed on organizational design related to the implementation of strategies of medical institutions, organization of strategies, overcoming resistance to changes related to the implementation of strategies, training staff to work in new conditions, the use of other management actions aimed at building a perfect mechanism strategic planning.

Red blood cell transfusion practice in a single institution in Poland in 2018-2019 – Is there room for improvement?

IntroductionRed blood cell (RBC) transfusion (RBCT) is one of the most frequently performed procedures in inpatients within modern hospital systems. However transfusion practices may vary by an institution or even by a prescribing physician. In order to assess the current RBCT practice in our institution, we performed a detailed analysis of RBCTs. Material and methodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of all RBCTs in our institution between January 2018 and December 2019. The data collected included: age, sex, type of RBC, number of single and multiple unit RBCTs in bleeding and nonbleeding patients, number of multiple unit RBCTs in non-bleeding patients with and without hemoglobin (Hb) concentration determination after each RBC, primary indication for RBCT, pre-post RBCT Hb concentration in non-bleeding patients, lactate concentration pre-post RBCT in non-bleeding patients. ResultsThe indications for RBCT were anemia (2244, 56.2 % RBC) and bleeding (1463, 36.6 % RBC). The most frequently used types of RBCs were RBCs without buffy coat (75.1 %) and leucodepleted RBCs (20.9 %). In non-bleeding patients 45.7 % were multiple unit RBCTs, only 3% were performed with Hb determination following the first unit of RBC, 508 (20.2 %) RBCT were performed with pre-post RBCT lactate concentration determination. ConclusionsAnalysis of the local RBCT practice showed significant room for improvement. Areas of concern were type of RBC ordered, multiple unit transfusions in non-bleeding patients, lack of laboratory control of oxygenation pre-post transfusion or not taking it into account in RBCT decision making. Deficiencies are planned to be addressed by a comprehensive blood utilization review programme.

Study on the Influence of Pharmaceutical Management on Rational Drug Use under Chinese Health Strategy

In order to better promote the implementation of the healthy China strategy and the innovation of public hospital system management, we can explore a modern public hospital management system that can meet the needs of the people in the new era from the aspects of medical service supply mode, collaborative governance design of public hospitals and internal management system of public hospitals. In this paper, 300 prescriptions in our hospital before and after May, 2020 were selected as research objects, and were randomly divided into two groups, one group was the control group (300 cases) without pharmaceutical management, and the other group was the observation group (300 cases) with pharmaceutical management. Then, the drug satisfaction, irrational drug use and inappropriate drug use of the two groups were compared. The results showed that the satisfaction of medication in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group, and the irrational and inappropriate medication was lower than that in the control group, with statistical differences (P &lt;0.05). It shows that the implementation of pharmaceutical management measures under the strategy of Healthy China can effectively improve patients' satisfaction with medication and prevent irrational medication.

From Medicalizing State to Sacralizing Status of Thai Buddhist Monks in Secular Space: A Case Study of the Priest Hospital

This paper examines the sacred status of Thai Buddhist monks who have been engaging with the modern secular healthcare system, which also contrasts with their monastic traditions. It questions how modern medication has affected the sacred figure of Thai monks and what is their reaction to maintain their sacred status in such a secular space? Participant observations and informal interviews have been conducted, and data are conceptualized through the ideas of the birth of the clinic and biopower proposed by Michel Foucault. It finds that the traditional healing previously played by Thai monks has been challenged by modern medication eventually the monks also access the modern hospital. This phenomenon helps to change the idea of the cause of sickness, from demons to germs. This is interesting when some Buddhists request the monastic code-based healthcare system and monk patients’ zone. This paper argues that such an effort aims to maintain the sacred status of monks, who are perceived as holy persons and should not be seen by laypeople especially when they are in sickness, pain, and sorrow, which portray their ordinary human natures. Therefore, zoning management in the government hospital is needed to sacralize the monks’ status.

The effectiveness of the radiology department in conducting and interpreting medical diagnostic examinations

An important requirement of the modern hospital is to analyze and make decisions on complex medical cases in a short time frame. Strategies to achieve this goal rely on three distinct and interrelated elements: medical knowledge, medical technologies, and medical bridges. These strategies, when applied to images and medicine, have the potential to change the decision-making process by healthcare professionals, as they provide more integrated and simultaneous access to data, leading to more timely assessment of the condition and improved patient care. This state of affairs provided by the healthcare environment is supported by qualified professionals who are better able to perform multimodal analysis at high levels of complexity in multidisciplinary teams. This research project aims to measure the effectiveness of the radiology department in performing and interpreting medical diagnostic examinations. Through an integrated team approach, this department activates and improves the medical knowledge strategies established in the imaging and medicine model. Medical bridges allow for improved image acquisition and diagnosis techniques and prediction of therapeutic efficacy, allowing more integrated and simultaneous access to data. The decision-making process by healthcare professionals provides a more timely assessment of the condition, leading to better patient care.

Review: Rise of the Modern Hospital: An Architectural History of Health and Healing, 1870–1940

Review: <i>Rise of the Modern Hospital: An Architectural History of Health and Healing, 1870–1940</i>

Estimating Physical Work-Load on ED Clinicians and Staff Using Real-Time Location Systems

Clinicians' work pressure and burnout turned out as an important factor in modern hospitals which urges us to search for rapid and accurate methods to proxy the workload. By using RFID technology, we hope to monitor the physical pressure on the clinical staff of the emergency department (ED) at the Mayo Clinic Saint Mary's Hospital. The data collected will be used to determine the workload and pressure put on various staff members. A real-time location system (RTLS) has been used to monitor and track the movements of the hospital team and compute active vs. sedentary time for staff. Risk thresholds for the sedentary time from a previous study were utilized to visualize trends in staff sedentary time. Members of the ED team are under great stress at all times; we use RFID technology to get a better understanding of how much their work environment contributes to the pressure of their jobs.

Historical overview of the Department of Neurosurgery at Yonsei University College of Medicine in the Republic of Korea.

Originally founded in 1885, Gwanghyewon later became the Severance Hospital (named after philanthropist Louis Severance, who supported and funded the construction of a modern hospital) and Yonsei University College of Medicine. The Department of Neurosurgery at Severance Hospital was established in 1957, and its residency program began in 1961. Currently, the Department of Neurosurgery has 34 professors and 17 fellows; specialties include vascular, functional, pediatric, tumor, skull base, and spine neurosurgery. With its state-of-the-art neurosurgical facilities and services, the Department of Neurosurgery has developed into a department of excellence within the Yonsei University Health System. In this vignette, the authors present a historic overview of the Department of Neurosurgery.