Financial Model Research Articles

Understanding the enablers to implementing sustainable health and well-being programs for older adults in rural Australia: A scoping review.

Supporting the health and well-being of older Australians necessitates the implementation of effective and sustainable community-based interventions. Rural settings, however, pose unique challenges to intervention implementation and sustainability, with limited research exploring strategies employed to overcome these complexities. To identify enabling strategies that support the sustainable implementation of community-based health and well-being interventions for older adults in rural Australia. A scoping review, following methods by Arksey and O'Malley and enhanced by elements of the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR), was conducted. An electronic search of seven databases was completed in April 2023. A thematic analysis was applied to provide a comprehensive and contextualised understanding of the phenomenon of interest. Of 1277 records screened, 15 studies were identified and included for review. Five themes identified key enablers for rural implementation: (1) Co-designing for the local context; (2) Embedding local champions; (3) Leveraging existing local resources; (4) Maintaining impact beyond the end of the funded period and (5) Flexibility in funding models. The sustainable implementation of interventions requires active community involvement and consultation through all stages of program design and delivery to effectively meet the health and well-being needs of older rural-dwelling Australians. Our findings advocate for clear implementation guidelines to support the design, delivery and adaptation of community-based programs that appropriately reflect the unique contextual needs and strengths of rural communities.

To be green or not to be: How governmental regulation shapes financial institutions' greenwashing behaviors in green finance

Green finance provides important economic support for environmental protection and carbon reduction. However, some financial institutions engage in greenwashing behaviors (GWBs), which raise funds through green finance products (GFPs) without investing in green projects and falsely disclosing environmental information. The GWBs of financial institutions result in tremendous pressure on governmental regulation. From the perspective of information disclosure, under incomplete information, we constructed a signaling game between governments and financial institutions to explore the formation mechanism of financial institutions' GWBs. Subsequently, the separating equilibrium, pooling equilibrium, and hybrid equilibrium are investigated. The corresponding conditions for financial institutions choosing positive information disclosure were derived. We also evaluated the effects of different regulatory measures, including rewards, penalties, standards, and certifications on curbing GWBs. Finally, countermeasures to shape financial institutions to undertake their environmental responsibilities and conduct positive information disclosure are proposed. This study provides a theoretical explanation for GWBs and sheds new light on an effective governance model in green finance.

Smart Cities Mission

The National Smart Cities Mission was launched by Government of India in 2015 which is a redevelopment program with the aim to develop smart cities across the country and make them sustainable. This study examines how the Smart Cities Mission was implemented by The Union Ministry of Urban Development while collaborating with the state governments. It explores about the budget of the Mission, the engagement of the mission in different cities, the sustainability measures integrated and the future of the mission. It analyses the challenges faced, technological integrations involved and the funding models of the mission. Moreover, the research focuses on the comparison of the smart cities mission in different cities, how different states have worked on it and what has been the perception of the public. Furthermore, looking ahead to developing technology, the mission's lessons learned, and the dynamic nature of urbanization, the research also takes into account future viewpoints.

Role of AI in Personalized Education

Personalized Education is based on individual interest, learning styles and self-pace. It provides more focused and self-directed learning. Education system is advanced in different aspects hence personalized education provides adaptive learning through online resources and interactive tools. This article investigate how adaptive learning systems are integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) for personalized education. It examines the benefits, drawbacks of AI based personalized education over the traditional personalized education. It examines how AI facilitates personalized learning paths, allowing students to progress at their own pace while receiving targeted interventions and immediate feedback. This paper provides survey of current AI uses in personalize education and future predictions of AI uses in education. Furthermore, the paper highlights key applications of transformer- based models in various domains, including healthcare, finance, and education.

Mampukah Model Enam Faktor Fama and French menggungguli Model Tiga Faktor Fama and French dengan Proksi Indeks Kompas 100

accompanying risks, many researchers have attempted to find financial asset valuation models. One of the most popular ones today is the Fama and French model. The initial model introduced was the Fama and French 3-factor model, which encountered various failures in some emerging market capital markets. In response, Fama and French improved their model, transforming it into a 6-factor model by adding aspects of profitability, investment, and momentum. This adjustment aimed to capture the relationship between the returns of securities or portfolios formed with systematic risk. However, the Fama and French 6-factor model did not perform well in some emerging market capital markets. The objective of this research is to test the accuracy of the Fama and French 6-factor model in the Indonesian Capital Market from 2017 to 2021. The research method employed is multiple linear regression, forming portfolios based on the framework established by the Fama and French 6-factor model. The research findings indicate evidence that the Fama and French 6-factor model can explain the returns of the formed portfolios. Market risk, book-to-market ratio, and investment aspect significantly impact the performance of the formed portfolio returns.

"Your Package Could Not Be Delivered": The State of Digital HIV Intervention Implementation in the US.

Despite continuous innovations and federal investment to create digital interventions addressing the HIV prevention and care continua, these interventions have not reached people in the U.S. at scale. This article reviews what is known about U.S. implementation of digital HIV interventions and presents a strategy to cross the research-to-practice chasm for these types of interventions. We conducted a narrative review of U.S.-based original research on implementation of digital HIV interventions and identified few studies reporting on implementation determinants, strategies, processes, or outcomes, particularly outside the context of effectiveness trials. To supplement the literature, in 2023, we surveyed 47 investigators representing 64 unique interventions about their experiences with implementation after their research trials. Respondents placed high importance on intervention implementation, but major barriers included lack of funding and clear implementation models, technology costs, and difficulty identifying partners equipped to deliver digital interventions. They felt that responsibility for implementation should be shared between intervention developers, deliverers (e.g., clinics), and a government entity. If an implementation center were to exist, most respondents wanted to be available for guidance or technical assistance but largely wanted less involvement. Numerous evidence-based, effective digital interventions exist to address HIV prevention and care. However, they remain "on the shelf" absent a concrete and sustainable model for real-world dissemination and implementation. Based on our findings, we call for the creation of national implementation centers, analogous to those in other health systems, to facilitate digital HIV intervention delivery and accelerate progress toward ending the U.S. epidemic.

Testing Stock Market Anomalies in Nifty 50 Stocks: An Empirical Analysis in the Indian Context By IJISRT

Stock market anomalies are persistent patterns in stock returns that traditional financial models cannot explain. Anomalies challenge the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), which states that all information is reflected in stock prices. This research aims to test the stock market anomalies in Nifty 50 stocks in India. The study will use various statistical methods to examine a range of calendar anomalies. The findings of this study will have important implications for investors and policymakers. If anomalies are found to exist, investors may be able to generate abnormal returns by exploiting them. Policymakers may also be interested in understanding the causes of anomalies and their impact on the overall market. This process involves examining a large dataset of stocks within the Nifty 50 index to identify any patterns or trends that may be considered abnormal or unexpected. By conducting this analysis, investors and financial analysts can gain deeper insights into the behaviour of the stock market in India and make more informed investment decisions. This study is significant for several reasons: it is one of the few studies to examine stock market anomalies in the Indian market; the study uses comprehensive statistical methods to test for anomalies. The study is expected to find evidence of some stock market anomalies in Nifty 50 stocks. The study's conclusions will have an impact on investors and policymakers.

Forecasting Stock Market Realized Volatility using Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network in South Africa

Volatility is often used as a key input into several financial models, yet there is still no consensus on the best-performing model in forecasting stock market returns volatility. Conventional time series models such as GARCH are the preferred models in the literature. However, this project aims to first adopt two novel non-linear machine learning algorithms, namely the Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The project then compares the performance of these two models in predicting stock market realized volatility for the JSE Basic Material Index (JBIND) and the JSE Financials Index (JFIN) over a period of five years. Based on the results of the project, the Random Forest model outperformed the ANN model for both the JFIN and JBIND index. Lastly, the COVID effect on the model’s performance was also considered and the results show that the negative impact of COVID on the model’s performance is ambiguous.

Youth Entrepreneurship: Essential Tool for Socio-economic Development and Growth

A consistent surge in the population of young people in prior years made it imperative for attention to issues related to youth unemployment to transcend national borders to include regional and global levels. Thus, issues related to youth, specifically youth unemployment, gained global recognition several decades ago. However, the decades-long initiatives of the United Nations to address youth unemployment challenges have yielded little or no socio-economic results. The purpose of this research was to examine the implications of youth unemployment rates for national and global unemployment rates during the research period. The quantitative approach to scientific inquiry was adapted and used in the study. Specifically, a cross-sectional design formed the basis of the research. Data required for the conduct of the research were obtained mainly from secondary sources. These included textbooks, peer-reviewed articles published in journals and grey literature from youth advocates. Other sources were Google Search Engine, including Ghana Statistical Service, Ghana’s Ministry of Youth and Sports, UN, UNESCO, UNICEF, UNCTAD, UNFPA, UNDP, OECD and EU, and electronic databases of the World Bank, ILO and Commonwealth, among other significant sources. Respective data on Ghana’s annual youth unemployment rates and national unemployment rates from 2000 through 2019, as well as respective 2019 national youth unemployment rates and national unemployment rates for one hundred and eighty-seven (187) economies, were used in the research. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used to describe the research variables and to evaluate their behaviour over the stated time frame on national and global unemployment rates. The study revealed that widespread joblessness is taking an adverse toll on this generation’s ability to contribute its meaningful quota towards a prosperous, happy and healthy future. The level of progress made in business development by most advanced, emerging and developing economies was not found to have a strong relationship with youth-centred policies and programmes. As of 2016, the United States and Canada had no national youth policy. Findings from the research revealed a positive and significant relationship between the youth unemployment rate and national unemployment rate (coefficient value = 0.489206843; p = 0.000, p < 0.05) and a positive but non-significant relationship between global youth unemployment rate and global unemployment rate (coefficient value = 0.447986211; p = 4.60249, p > 0.05). Youth unemployment rate accounted for about 52.97% of the variation in national unemployment rate; while global youth unemployment rate accounted for about 86.05% of the variation in global unemployment rate during the period. The statistical analysis confirmed and validated, to a large extent, the severity of the youth unemployment phenomenon at the national level, a clarion call for active participation of the youth in policy formulation and implementation process, and the need for expeditious implementation of youth intervention programmes such as youth entrepreneurship to assure effective participation of the youth in the national development agenda. There is an urgent need for global economies to thoroughly examine their existing financing models and emerge with financial products tailored to address the specific financial needs of participating young people to ensure the success of intended youth development programmes. Encouraging performance-based lending to the neglect of collateral-based lending would draw each economy closer to the realisation of this objective. Embedding youth entrepreneurial initiatives in well-rehearsed and thought-out national youth policy and walking the talk through practical implementation would facilitate the transformation of current and projected increase in regional and world youth populations from socio-economic liabilities to competitive, productive and invaluable assets at the national, sub-regional, regional and global levels.

A Mathematica-Based Interface for the Exploration of Inter- and Intra-Regional Financial Flows

This work surveys the use of directed weighted graphs in conducting comparative static analyses. The paper discusses the implementation of a computer-aided process for building spreadsheet-based graph models for inter- and intra-regional financial flows. The graph-theoretic techniques are programmed to enable the interactive visualization and analysis of financial data using Wolfram technologies (i.e., Mathematica software v. 11.3 or later, Wolfram player v. 12 or later). The paper describes the workflow for several interactive visualizations applicable to financial networks. The author provides four programs, written in the Wolfram language, that customize input–output financial models by combining the Manipulate command with built-in Mathematica functions and functions of the IGraph package (IGraph/M). The study is a tutorial article for the generation of a suite of visual schemes that provide patterns, practices, and roadmaps of the financial markets across the globe.

The State as a Financial Market Participant

High levels of public debt and chronic budget deficits force states to be constantly present on the financial market. This leads to the slow transformation from tax states into debt states. The change in the financial operating model generates new risks, the essence of which the literature has yet to fully identify. Increasingly, states are beginning to resemble intergenerational financial institutions, allocating funds from future generations to those currently living. The aim of this article is to identify the risks to socio-economic sustainability posed by the critical dependence of the state on market-based financing of its borrowing needs. This is a first step in the search for a new security architecture that better serves the idea of sustainable finance.

Financial Education Effects on Financial Behavior and Well-Being: The Mediating Roles of Improved Objective and Subjective Financial Knowledge and Parallels in Physical Health

How does financial education lead to improved financial behavior and higher financial well-being? An influential Consumer Financial Protection Bureau model introduced in 2015 proposes that the goal of financial education is to improve financial well-being and that financial education does so by increasing financial knowledge, which improves financial behavior, which improves financial well-being. In this study, the authors test links in the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau model, examining the differential roles of objective and subjective knowledge. They also test whether an analogous model might capture effects of physical health education on physical health knowledge, behavior, and well-being. They report a quasi-experiment comparing changes in financial and physical health knowledge, behavior, and well-being at two time points in a semester for students enrolled in a personal finance class, a personal health class, or neither. This study reports the first causal estimates of flow from financial education to financial knowledge to financial behaviors to a validated measure of subjective financial well-being. Financial education caused large changes in both objective and subjective knowledge. Yet only subjective knowledge mediated the large effects of financial education on changes in downstream behaviors. The authors find weaker but similar results for physical health. The findings suggest that financial education efforts should be refocused to foster subjective knowledge and improved behavior.

Architecting an enterprise financial management model: leveraging multi-head attention mechanism-transformer for user information transformation

Financial management assumes a pivotal role as a fundamental information system contributing to enterprise development. Nonetheless, prevalent methodologies frequently encounter challenges in proficiently overseeing diverse information streams inherent to financial management. This study introduces an innovative paradigm for enterprise financial management centered on the transformation of user information signals. In its initial phases, the methodology augments the Transformer network and self-attention mechanism to extract features pertaining to both users and financial data, fostering a more cohesive integration of financial and user information. Subsequently, a reinforcement learning-based alignment method is implemented to reconcile disparities between financial and user information, thereby enhancing semantic alignment. Ultimately, a signal conversion technique employing generative adversarial networks is deployed to harness user information, elevating financial management efficacy and, consequently, optimizing overall financial operations. The empirical validation of this approach, achieving an impressive mAP score of 81.9%, not only outperforms existing methodologies but also underscores the tangible impact and enhanced execution prowess that this paradigm brings to financial management systems. As such, this work not only contributes to the state of the art but also holds promise for revolutionizing the landscape of enterprise financial management.

'A sad inheritance of misery': the cultural life of hereditary scrofula in eighteenth-century England.

This essay argues that scrofula was one of several disorders, including gout, rickets, and venereal disease, that were 'rebranded' as hereditary in response to broader cultural changes that took place during the Restoration and eighteenth century in England. While the purposes of scrofula's recategorisation were more political than medical, they resulted in this heretofore relatively obscure childhood ailment assuming a new prominence within both medical and popular discourses of the period. Scrofula became both emblem and proof of the links between sexual promiscuity, financial profligacy, and physiological degeneration, its symbolic status reinforced by the legal and moral language used to model processes of hereditary transmission. By likening the inheritance of scrofula to the inheritance of original sin-or, more commonly, to the inheritance of a 'docked entail' or damaged estate-eighteenth-century writers and artists not only made this non-inherited ailment into a sign of catastrophic hereditary decline; they also paved the way for scrofula to be identified as a disease of aristocratic vice, even though its association with crowded, unsanitary living conditions likely made it more common among the poor. By the same token, financial models of disease inheritance facilitated a bias toward paternal transmission, with scrofula often portrayed as passing, like a title or an estate, from father to son rather than from mother to daughter.

Governmental Discussion on the Private Capital Participation in the Trans-Caspian Railway Construction in the Late XIX Century

The ambivalence of the approaches of Russian ministries at the end of the XIX century is demonstrated, in relation to public-private partnership in the framework of the implementation of the railway project in the Trans-Caspian General Government.There is presented a system of arguments in support of this approach and against it; the author clarifies the reason for the government’s rejection of the idea of public-private partnership in the construction of the Trans-Caspian railway. The source base of the study is the protocols of the meeting of the government commission, letters from government officials, statistical information on the turnover of commodities with Persia and other materials stored in the Foreign Policy Archive of the Russian Empire and in the Central State Archive of Moscow. The author concludes that the formal basis for rejecting the application of entrepreneurs for the implementation of this railway was the ineffectiveness of the financial model of their participation in the framework of this project. The real reason for this decision was the position of the officials of the government departments that opposed attracting private investors to the implementation of this transport project in the Central Asian region due to the military-strategic and geopolitical aspects.

Evidence uptake is only part of the process: Stakeholders' insights on WHO treatment guideline recommendation processes for radical cure of P. vivax malaria.

Health policy processes should be evidence-informed, transparent and timely, but these processes are often unclear to stakeholders outside the immediate policymaking environment. We spoke to 36 international malaria stakeholders to gain insights on the processes involved in the World Health Organization's Global Malaria Programme's recommendations for their treatment guidelines of P. vivax malaria. Four key themes which drew on the 3i policy framework and Shiffman's four factors that influence global and national policymaking were identified to understand these processes. Triggers for policy change and change prioritisation, evidence types that inform policy, effects of funding on decision-making processes, and transparency and communication of these processes to external stakeholders. Results indicate that more clarity is needed on what triggers global malaria policy change processes, a clearer justification of evidence types used to inform policymaking, better understanding of the impact of the WHO's funding model on policymaking and further transparency and improved communication of these processes to external stakeholders is also needed. We suggest that global malaria policymaking could be improved by using the following strategies: ensuring that identified triggers actually initiate the policy change process, expediting decision-making timelines by developing a priority framework for assessing new evidence, adopting suitable frameworks to assess contextual evidence, and increasing the transparency of the role of non-state funders in policy decision-making processes and when publishing new recommendations.

Revenue Generation Models Of Financing In The Administration Of Tertiary Institutions In Cross River State, Nigeria

Tertiary institutions play a critical role in the economic and social development of a country, as they produce a skilled workforce that can contribute to the growth and development of various sectors of the economy for human capacity building. Tertiary institutions in Cross River State, Nigeria are faced with various challenges, including inadequate funding and insufficient resources to support their academic activities. This study explored revenue generation models of financing in the administration of tertiary institutions in Cross River State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted in the study. A sample of 720 respondents made up of all the account and financial officers in tertiary institutions in the study area, was drawn through census approach to participate in the study. A 20-item instrument titled: Revenue Generation Models of Financing Tertiary Institutions Questionnaire (RGMFTIQ) with a reliability index of 0.88 on Cronbach's alpha was used for data collection. This instrument was effectively validated by three (3) experts in the Department of Educational Management University of Calabar. Mean and Standard deviation was used to answer the two (2) research questions, while Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to test the hypothesis at .05 alpha level. Findings revealed that those models occur at a low level and could not be accepted as sources of revenue generation in tertiary institutions in the study area. The result of the hypothesis revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in financial and account officers’ perception on the revenue generation model as well as in their educational impact domain in tertiary institutions in Cross River State. It was recommended hat tertiary institutions in Cross River State should consider diversifying their revenue sources beyond government funding to enhance their financial sustainability.
 

Exploring innovative techniques for damage control during natural disasters

The study critically examines the principles, mechanisms, and effectiveness of different damage control techniques in dealing with natural disasters, emphasizing their pivotal role in minimizing casualties and economic losses. Each of these damage control techniques is mapped based on their applications and relevance in the key areas of natural disaster management. By utilizing various real-world instances, the present study shows that the effective implementation of various innovative techniques is shaping the space of natural disaster management in a global context. The integration of different innovative techniques into the existing natural disaster management system has improved the survival rate, economic performance, and sustainable development. The study finds that innovative disaster financing models, clear strategies, and creating awareness among communities can improve the overall efficiency of innovative techniques that are currently used for damage control during natural disaster events. Despite the substantial advantages of these creative strategies, the study acknowledges challenges such as financial constraints, unclear policy goals, and community adaptation requirements. The study also indicates that in the future, automatic damage restoration, quick prototyping, and additive engineering will play a vital role in controlling damage from catastrophic events, while it acknowledges limitations in temporal scope, generalizability, and financial constraints.

Implementing Aging in Place in Hong Kong: Meeting the Needs and Aspirations of Older Adults and Their Caregivers Living in Private Housing.

A policy of aging in place should be accompanied by physical and social environments that support healthy aging. This article describes how a property development company in Hong Kong sought to elicit the views of older people and their caregivers towards elderly services through a market research company, using questionnaire surveys followed by focus groups. Over 80% of all participants rated healthy dietary habits and exercise, maintaining mental and spiritual health, and maintaining a generally healthy lifestyle as important. Current health concerns include long waiting times for care at public hospitals, lack of carer should dependency occur, and lack of information about what services are available in the community. Interests in services in their neighbourhood include medical care (82%), healthy lifestyle activities (66%), and home care support (55%). There was considerable interest in the provision of services that improve brain and physical function, as well as general health checks. Carers were willing to pay more for services compared with older adults themselves. The findings inform the development of pilot models of aging in place as a sustainable financial model.

Evidence-Based Health Communication in Practice: Driving Funding, Research, and Training Through the University of Texas at Austin Center for Health Communication

ABSTRACT Academic centers play a vital role in advancing knowledge, driving innovation, and fostering collaboration. The University of Texas at Austin Center for Health Communication was established in 2014 with the mission to improve public health through evidence-based communication research and practice. In this article, we reflect on the center history, explain our practice-oriented funding structure, and showcase examples of public health campaigns informed by theory and data, as well as professional-oriented educational programs. We also discuss the academic and community impact of our research, education, and practice and the benefits and challenges associated with this practice-led funding model. Although there are other approaches to operating academic centers, we hope the lessons we have learned can be of help to other centers dedicated to health communication research and practice.