Μm Resolution Research Articles

Drag forces on porous aggregates in protoplanetary disks

Context. In protoplanetary disks, particle–gas interactions are a key part of the early stages of pre-planetary evolution. As dust particles grow into porous aggregates, treating drag forces of aggregates in the same way as those of monolithic compact spheres has always been an approximation. Aims. The substructures and building blocks of aggregates may respond differently to different drag regimes than the overall size of the porous body would suggest. The influence of porosity and substructure size on the drag on porous bodies is studied. Methods. We measured centimeter-sized porous aggregates with volume filling factors as low as ~10−4 for the first time in low-pressure wind tunnel experiments. Various substructures of different sizes down to micrometer (μm) resolution are tested. Knudsen numbers for the centimeter-sized superstructure are between 0.005 and 0.1 and Reynolds numbers are between 5 and 130. Results. We find that bodies are subject to increasingly large drag forces with increasing porosity, significantly larger than previously thought. In the parameter range measured, drag can increase by a factor of 23, and extrapolation suggests even larger values. We give an empirically determined model for an adjusted drag force. Conclusions. Our findings imply that the coupling of highly porous bodies in protoplanetary disks is significantly stronger than assumed in previous works. This decreases collision velocities and radial drift speeds and might allow porous bodies to grow larger under certain conditions before they become compacted.

Hydrolytically degradable Poly (β-amino ester) resins with tunable degradation for 3D printing by projection micro-stereolithography.

Applications of 3D printing that range from temporary medical devices to environmentally responsible manufacturing would benefit from printable resins that yield polymers with controllable material properties and degradation behavior. Towards this goal, poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE)-diacrylate resins were investigated due to the wide range of available chemistries and tunable material properties. PBAE-diacrylate resins were synthesized from hydrophilic and hydrophobic chemistries and with varying electron densities on the ester bond to provide control over degradation. Hydrophilic PBAE-diacrylates led to degradation behaviors characteristic of bulk degradation while hydrophobic PBAE-diacrylates led to degradation behaviors dominated initially by surface degradation and then transitioned to bulk degradation. Depending on chemistry, the crosslinked PBAE-polymers exhibited a range of degradation times under accelerated conditions, from complete mass loss in 90 min to minimal mass loss at 45 days. Patterned features with 55 μm resolution were achieved across all resins, but their fidelity was dependent on PBAE-diacrylate molecular weight, reactivity, and printing parameters. In summary, simple chemical modifications in the PBAE-diacrylate resins coupled with projection microstereolithography enables high resolution 3D printed parts with similar architectures and initial properties, but widely different degradation rates and behaviors.

Blinking Acoustic Nanodroplets Enable Fast Super-resolution Ultrasound Imaging.

The advent of localization-based super-resolution ultrasound (SRUS) imaging creates a vista for precision vasculature and hemodynamic measurements in brain science, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. As blinking fluorophores are crucial to super-resolution optical imaging, blinking acoustic contrast agents enabling ultrasound localization microscopy have been highly sought, but only with limited success. Here we report on the discovery and characterization of a type of blinking acoustic nanodroplets (BANDs) ideal for SRUS. BANDs of 200-500 nm diameters comprise a perfluorocarbon-filled core and a shell of DSPC, Pluronic F68, and DSPE-PEG2000. When driven by clinically safe acoustic pulses (MI < 1.9) provided by a diagnostic ultrasound transducer, BANDs underwent reversible vaporization and reliquefaction, manifesting as "blinks", at rates of up to 5 kHz. By sparse activation of perfluorohexane-filled BANDs-C6 at high concentrations, only 100 frames of ultrasound imaging were sufficient to reconstruct super-resolution images of a no-flow tube through either cumulative localization or temporal radiality autocorrelation. Furthermore, the use of high-density BANDs-C6-4 (1 × 108/mL) with a 1:9 admixture of perfluorohexane and perfluorobutane supported the fast SRUS imaging of muscle vasculature in live animals, at 64 μm resolution requiring only 100 frames per layer. We anticipate that the BANDs developed here will greatly boost the application of SRUS in both basic science and clinical settings.

Characterization on deuterium retention in tungsten target using spatially resolved laser induced desorption-quadrupole mass spectroscopy

It is still challenging to achieve the quantitative analysis with a spatially resolved measurement for a non-uniform fuel retention in Plasma Facing Materials (PFMs). In this work, a long-pulse (τ p ≈ 750 μs) Laser Induced Desorption-Quadrupole Mass Spectroscopy (LID-QMS) has been developed as a diagnostic approach for characterizing inhomogeneous deuterium (D) retention in tungsten (W) target exposed to D plasma for ∼1 h with the total ion flux of 4.0 × 1021 D/(m2 s) at the substrate temperature of 400 K. The behavior of desorption of trapped D during LID was analyzed. 2D-distribution features of D retention in the exposed and shadowed areas of the W-target were investigated with a lateral resolution of about 650 μm and depth resolution of approximately 175 μm. The results show that the D retention is almost uniform along lateral dimension in the D plasma exposure area with an average fluence of (2.51 ± 0.40) × 1020 D m−2, while the value in the shadow area is only (0.25 ± 0.04) × 1020 D m−2 which is one order of magnitude smaller than that in the exposure region. In the depth dimension, about 86.5% of the retained D is desorbed by the first laser pulse, which indicates that the D-retention is mainly distributed in the region less than 6.6 μm based on the diffusion length. The micro-structures of W target exposed to D plasma after the long-pulse laser irradiation present swelling, blistering as well as bubble-bursting, which might be attributed to the thermodynamic interaction due to the rapid release of D particles from bulk to surface of W target during LID.

Development of Embedded System-Based Lens-Less Microscopy System and Testing on Tissue Samples

In this study, a low cost and portable general-purpose lens-less microscopy system suitable for clinical conditions was designed and its performance was increased with the help of image processing algorithms without using numerical approaches. In order to avoid the noises caused by the light source or the imaging sensor, the flat field correction method was applied to the images in real time and then interpolation was applied to the images. The microscopy system is integrated into the embedded system and it is aimed to display in RGB color space. By applying flat field correction and interpolation to the obtained images in real time, the SNR and contrast value of the images were improved. The success of the imaging system was examined with a standard calibration chart. The improvement obtained by calculating the pixel intensity values for pre-processing and post-processing is shown. Various tissue samples were examined with the system and its success on medical samples was demonstrated. It has been shown on tissue samples that the system reaches 2.5 µm resolution in imaging tissue samples. It has been shown that the proposed system can be used for imaging pathological tissues in intraoperative procedures and can reduce the examination time. In addition, the obtained system has the potential to be used in the examination of other micro-sized medical samples.

Entropy analysis of optical fiber specklegram sensors

Optical fiber specklegrams originate from the interference between several guided light modes. Since these granular patterns are sensitive to changes in the fiber status, it is possible to retrieve an external stimulus by analyzing their morphology and spatial distribution. This paper evaluates the first and second-order entropies as metrics to interrogate fiber specklegram sensors. Firstly, the refractive index surrounding a no-core fiber is varied to modulate the number and average size of speckles. Secondly, a microbending transducer driven with controlled displacements creates deviations in the output speckle field. Then, the entropy data for each case is compared with Law’s energy texture and the zero-mean cross-correlation analyses, respectively. Conversely to the Shannon entropy, the joint and relative entropies process the spatial information of the image and corroborate the theoretical and experimental speckle count, yielding ∼0.02 refractive index resolution. Moreover, the relative entropy of the ratio between test and reference speckle field images agrees with the correlation coefficient, achieving ∼0.5 µm resolution. The results show that the second-order entropy is effective for interrogating fiber specklegrams, figuring as a straightforward alternative to the widespread texture processing and deep learning approaches.

Hydraulic microactuator with coarse/fine drive-switching mechanism

For precise physical and chemical analyses of cells in microfluidic devices, they should be located near the sensors on a microchannel wall. To transport cells close to the sensors precisely, a hydraulic microactuator with a coarse/fine drive-switching mechanism was developed. The microactuator has a movable thin film with micropillars, and switches drive modes through the contacts of the micropillars into a microchannel wall. A coarse approach and a fine adjustment of the position of cells on the thin film toward the microchannel wall by switching the drive modes was achieved in the microactuator. The displacement of the microactuator was measured at 1 µm resolution using the focus degrees obtained using the two-dimensional fast Fourier transformed images. The displacement ratio of the coarse to fine drive mode achieved using the microactuator was 13.9. Using the microactuator, cyanobacteria were introduced into the device and were transported 53 µm from the bottom to the top of the microchannel in the coarse drive mode, and the position of the cyanobacteria was precisely adjusted near the microchannel wall in the fine drive mode.

Chip-Scale Droop-Free Fin Light-Emitting Diodes Using Facet-Selective Contacts.

Sub-micron-size light sources are currently extremely dim, achieving nanowatt output powers due to the current density and temperature droop. Recently, we reported a droop-free fin light-emitting diode (LED) pixel that at high current densities becomes a laser with record output power in the microwatt range. Here, we show a scalable method for selectively metallizing fins via their nonpolar side facet that allows electrical injection to sub-200 nm wide n-ZnO fins on p-GaN with at least 0.8 μm2 active area. Electrically addressable fin LEDs are fabricated in a linear array format using standard 2 μm resolution photolithography. Electroluminescence analysis across different pixels shows that the fin acts as the active region of the LED and generates a narrow-band ultraviolet emission between ≈368 and ≈390 nm. Investigating fins at high current densities, ranging from 100 to 2000 kA/cm2, shows that their emission increases without any decline even as the junction temperature reaches a range of 200-340 °C. The absence of electron leakage to p-GaN at high injection levels and an undetectable electron-hole escape from the fin at high temperatures indicate that the fin shape is highly efficient in controlling the nonradiative recombination pathways such as Auger recombination. The fin LED geometry is expected to enable the realization of high-brightness arrays of light sources at sub-micron-size regimes suitable for operation at high temperatures and high current densities.

Microscopic Object Classification through Passive Motion Observations with Holographic Microscopy.

Digital holographic microscopy provides the ability to observe throughout a volume that is large compared to its resolution without the need to actively refocus to capture the entire volume. This enables simultaneous observations of large numbers of small objects within such a volume. We have constructed a microscope that can observe a volume of 0.4 µm × 0.4 µm × 1.0 µm with submicrometer resolution (in xy) and 2 µm resolution (in z) for observation of microorganisms and minerals in liquid environments on Earth and on potential planetary missions. Because environmental samples are likely to contain mixtures of inorganics and microorganisms of comparable sizes near the resolution limit of the instrument, discrimination between living and non-living objects may be difficult. The active motion of motile organisms can be used to readily distinguish them from non-motile objects (live or inorganic), but additional methods are required to distinguish non-motile organisms and inorganic objects that are of comparable size but different composition and structure. We demonstrate the use of passive motion to make this discrimination by evaluating diffusion and buoyancy characteristics of cells, styrene beads, alumina particles, and gas-filled vesicles of micron scale in the field of view.

Fouling Dynamics of Simulated Milk Ultrafiltrate on a Plate Heat Exchanger

In this paper, the first experimental results related to fouling taking place at heat exchangers during heat treatment of milk is presented. Instead of milk, simulated milk ultrafiltrate was used and the experiments were conducted in a simplified model geometry consisting of one heating plate (dimensions 32 mm by 40 mm) made of stainless steel in a flat flow channel (height 2.0 mm) in a closed flow loop. The three-dimensional deposit structure was measured in real time with optical coherence tomography (OCT) with ca. 4 μm resolution. Fouling was observed in a flow rate range 300 − 1500 ml/min (Reynolds number 250 − 1250). The largest amount of deposited layer was 70 g/m2 in 7.5 hours at the flow rate of 1500 ml/min. The thickness of the deposited layer was ca. 300 μm. In some cases, we observed detachment of deposit flocks, which was seen both in the OCT images and in temporary decrease of the plate temperature (indicating improved heat transfer). The system seemed to be here in a dynamic equilibrium; reflocculation and floc detachment followed each other the plate temperature fluctuating in a range of a few degrees.

SMART mineral mapping: Synchrotron-based machine learning approach for 2D characterization with coupled micro XRF-XRD

A Synchrotron-based Machine learning Approach for RasTer (SMART) mineral mapping was developed for the purpose of training a mineral classifier for characterization of millimeter-sized areas of rock thin sections with micron-scale resolution. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used to extract relationships between coupled micro x-ray fluorescence (μXRF) data for element abundances and micro x-ray diffraction (μXRD) data for mineral identity. Once trained, the resulting classifier, i.e., the SMART mineral mapper, can identify minerals using only μXRF data. This is the real value of this machine learning approach because μXRF data are relatively fast to collect and interpret whereas μXRD data take longer to collect and interpret. Training and testing of an initial mapper were done with 192 coupled μXRF-μXRD data points sampled from a 0.25 mm2 area of a shale from the Eagle Ford formation, which was scanned with 2 μm resolution. All data used in this work were obtained from the Advanced Photon Source synchrotron beamline 13-ID-E at Argonne National Laboratory. Three minerals were mapped in the Eagle Ford rock sample, for which there were 8 elements characterized. In the testing phase, the minerals were correctly classified with accuracy of 97 % and higher. The trained SMART mapper was applied for self-similar upscaling by mapping a 14 mm2 scan of the Eagle Ford sample. Generated maps captured micro-scale features characteristic of the stratified texture of the rock, and the identified minerals agreed well with bulk XRD analysis of the powdered rock. The SMART mapper was also applied to a scan of a 6-mineral mixture of known composition to demonstrate ability to distinguish minerals of similar chemistry. The trained SMART mapper is transferable to scans from other x-ray microprobes because of the μXRF data normalization that accounts for sample- and beamline-specific properties like thickness, detector configuration, and incident energy.

In vivo functional imaging of the human middle ear with a hand-held optical coherence tomography device.

We describe an optical coherence tomography and vibrometry system designed for portable hand-held usage in the otology clinic on awake patients. The system provides clinically relevant point-of-care morphological imaging with 14-44 µm resolution and functional vibratory measures with sub-nanometer sensitivity. We evaluated various new approaches for extracting functional information including a multi-tone stimulus, a continuous chirp stimulus, and alternating air and bone stimulus. We also explored the vibratory response over an area of the tympanic membrane (TM) and generated TM thickness maps. Our results suggest that the system can provide real-time in vivo imaging and vibrometry of the ear and could prove useful for investigating otologic pathology in the clinic setting.

Optimization of X-ray Investigations in Dentistry Using Optical Coherence Tomography

The most common imaging technique for dental diagnoses and treatment monitoring is X-ray imaging, which evolved from the first intraoral radiographs to high-quality three-dimensional (3D) Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Other imaging techniques have shown potential, such as Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). We have recently reported on the boundaries of these two types of techniques, regarding. the dental fields where each one is more appropriate or where they should be both used. The aim of the present study is to explore the unique capabilities of the OCT technique to optimize X-ray units imaging (i.e., in terms of image resolution, radiation dose, or contrast). Two types of commercially available and widely used X-ray units are considered. To adjust their parameters, a protocol is developed to employ OCT images of dental conditions that are documented on high (i.e., less than 10 μm) resolution OCT images (both B-scans/cross sections and 3D reconstructions) but are hardly identified on the 200 to 75 μm resolution panoramic or CBCT radiographs. The optimized calibration of the X-ray unit includes choosing appropriate values for the anode voltage and current intensity of the X-ray tube, as well as the patient’s positioning, in order to reach the highest possible X-rays resolution at a radiation dose that is safe for the patient. The optimization protocol is developed in vitro on OCT images of extracted teeth and is further applied in vivo for each type of dental investigation. Optimized radiographic results are compared with un-optimized previously performed radiographs. Also, we show that OCT can permit a rigorous comparison between two (types of) X-ray units. In conclusion, high-quality dental images are possible using low radiation doses if an optimized protocol, developed using OCT, is applied for each type of dental investigation. Also, there are situations when the X-ray technology has drawbacks for dental diagnosis or treatment assessment. In such situations, OCT proves capable to provide qualitative images.

3D rock minerals by correlating XRM and automated mineralogy and its application to digital rock physics for elastic properties

Digital rock physics (DRP) is an emerging technique that has rapidly become an indispensable tool to estimate elastic properties. The success of DRP mainly depends on three factors: acquiring a 3D rock structure image, accurately identifying 3D minerals, and using a proper numerical simulation method. Shales present a substantial challenge for DRP owing to their heterogeneous structure, composition, and properties from micron to centimeter scale. To obtain a sufficiently large field-of-view (FOV) image of a sample that reflects the detailed and representative internal structure and composition, we have developed a new DRP workflow to obtain large-FOV high-resolution digital rocks with 3D mineralogical information. Using the “divide-and-stitch” technique, a long shale sample is divided into several subunits, imaged separately by high-resolution X-ray microscopy (XRM), and then stitched to obtain a large-FOV 3D digital rock. An FOV of a rock cylinder (736 μm in diameter, 2358 μm in height, and 1 μm resolution) is used as an example. By correlating XRM and automated mineralogy, a large-FOV 3D mineral digital rock is obtained from a shale sample. Six mineral phases are identified and verified by automated mineralogy, and four laminae are detected according to the grain size, which offer a new perspective to study sedimentary processes and heterogeneities at the millimeter scale. The finite-difference method is used to compute the elastic properties of the large-FOV 3D mineral digital rock, and the results of Young’s modulus are within the limit of the Voigt/Reuss bounds. It also reveals that there is a difference in simulated elastic properties in the four laminae. The large-FOV 3D mineral digital rock offers the potential to explore the relationship between elastic properties and mineral phases, as well as the heterogeneities of elastic properties at the millimeter scale.

Three-Dimensional Printed Design of Antibiotic-Releasing Esophageal Patches for Antimicrobial Activity Prevention.

Pharyngoesophageal defects can cause exposure to various bacterial flora and severe inflammation. We fabricated a biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) patch composed of both thin film and three-dimensional (3D) printed lattice, and then investigated the efficacy of pharyngoesophageal reconstruction by using 3D printed antibiotic-releasing PCL patches that inhibited early inflammation by sustained tetracycline (TCN) release from both thin PCL films and printed rods implanted in esophageal partial defects. PCL was 3D printed in lattice form on a presolution casted PCL thin film at ∼100 μm resolution. TCN was loaded onto the PCL-printed patches by 3D printing a mixture of TCN and PCL particles melted at 100°C. TCN exhibited sustained release in vitro for over 1 month. After loading TCN, the patches showed decreased tensile strength and Young's modulus, and less than 20% TCN was slowly released from the 2.5% TCN-loaded PCL patches over 150 days. Cytotoxicity tests of extract solutions from patch samples demonstrated excellent in vitro cell compatibility. Antibiotic-releasing PCL patches were then transplanted into partial esophageal defects in rats. Microcomputed tomography analysis revealed no leak of orally injected contrast agent in the entire esophagus. Tissue remodeling was examined through histological responses of M1 and M2 macrophages. In particular, the 1% and 3% TCN patch groups exhibited significant muscle layer regeneration by desmin immunostaining. Further histological and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that the 1% and 3% TCN patch groups exhibited the best esophageal regeneration according to reepithelialization, neovascularization, and elastin texture around the implanted sites. Our antibiotic-releasing patch successfully consolidates the regenerative potential of esophageal muscle and mucosa and the antibacterial activity of TCN for 3D esophageal reconstruction. Impact statement Anastomosis site leakage and necrosis after pharyngoesophageal transplantation inevitably causes mortality because the mediastinum and neck compartments become contaminated. Herein, we present antibiotic-releasing pharyngoesophageal patch that prevents saliva leakage and has an antimicrobial effect. We have demonstrated antibiotic release profile and mechanical properties for esophageal transplantation. Upon esophageal transplantation of antibiotic-releasing polycaprolactone patches, antimicrobial effects and muscle regeneration around the graft sites were clearly identified in the group containing 1% and 3% of tetracycline. The esophageal graft led to the remarkable recovery throughout reepithelialization, neovascularization, and elastin texture of around the implanted sites. We believe that current system is capable of various applications that require antibacterial in vivo.

Modulation based ranging for direct displacement measurements of a dynamic surface.

We developed a method for directly measuring displacement of a moving surface for use with dynamic or high explosive driven experiments. The technique, called "Modulation Based Ranging" (MBR), overcomes the errors associated with integrating a velocity history of an object undergoing non-radial flow, while also providing the exact displacement of the object with sub 100 µm resolution. A discussion of sources of phase sensitive errors is presented along with a demonstration of the applied corrections. Excellent agreement between MBR and integrated velocity from the Photonic Doppler Velocimetry (PDV) technique was observed when no non-radial flow was present. We then demonstrated the ability of MBR to accurately measure true displacement of a surface subjected to a strong non-radial component.

Segmented Microfluidics-Based Packing Technology for Chromatographic Columns

Nanoflow liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (NanoLC-MS) has become the method of choice for the analysis of complex biological systems, especially when the available sample amount is limited. The preparation of high-performance capillary columns for nanoLC use is still a technical challenge. Here, we report a segmented microfluidic method for the preparation of packed capillary columns, where liquid segments were used as soft, dynamic, and well-dispersed slurry reservoirs for carrying and delivering micrometer packing particles. Based on this microfluidic packing technology, the column bed was assembled layer-by-layer at a 50 μm resolution, and ultralong capillary columns of 3, 5, and 10 m were fabricated in such a manner. The microfluidically packed columns demonstrated excellent separation efficiencies of 116 000 plates/m. The higher efficiencies obtained at higher slurry concentrations also indicate that a high-quality packed bed can be obtained without sacrificing the packing speed. Kinetic performance limit analysis shows that the microfluidic packed columns have higher peak capacity production efficiency in the high-resolution region, presenting an improved separation impedance of 2800, which is significantly better than columns packed with the conventional slurry packing method. In comparison with a commercial nanoLC column, a 5 m long microfluidic packed column was evaluated for proteomic analysis using a standard HeLa protein digest and presented 261% improvement in peptide identification capability, resulting in significantly enhanced protein identification confidence.

Mapping the peripheral nervous system in the whole mouse via compressed sensing tractography

Objective. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) connects the central nervous system with the rest of the body to regulate many physiological functions and is therapeutically targeted to treat diseases such as epilepsy, depression, intestinal dysmotility, chronic pain, and more. However, we still lack understanding of PNS innervation in most organs because the large span, diffuse nature, and small terminal nerve bundle fibers have precluded whole-organism, high resolution mapping of the PNS. We sought to produce a comprehensive peripheral nerve atlas for use in future interrogation of neural circuitry and selection of targets for neuromodulation. Approach. We used diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) with high-speed compressed sensing to generate a tractogram of the whole mouse PNS. The tractography generated from the DT-MRI data is validated using lightsheet microscopy on optically cleared, antibody stained tissue. Main results. Herein we demonstrate the first comprehensive PNS tractography in a whole mouse. Using this technique, we scanned the whole mouse in 28 h and mapped PNS innervation and fiber network in multiple organs including heart, lung, liver, kidneys, stomach, intestines, and bladder at 70 µm resolution. This whole-body PNS tractography map has provided unparalleled information; for example, it delineates the innervation along the gastrointestinal tract by multiple sacral levels and by the vagal nerves. The map enabled a quantitative tractogram that revealed relative innervation of the major organs by each vertebral foramen as well as the vagus nerve. Significance. This novel high-resolution nerve atlas provides a potential roadmap for future neuromodulation therapies and other investigations into the neural circuits which drive homeostasis and disease throughout the body.

High-resolution continuous microcontact printing on various substrates for organic and oxide electronics

This study demonstrates a continuous high-resolution roll-to-roll (R2R) microcontact printing (μCP) process capable of printing inks on substrates with a wide range of surface energies. This process is based on rapid solidification of the fluoropolymer ink made up of a low boiling point solvent. The use of a hydrophobic siloxane polymer for the stamp allows film formation onto various substrates due to weak adhesion with the fluorinated polymer ink. To investigate its practical applicability the patterned layer printed by the R2R μCP was used as an etching resistant layer to pattern metallic and dielectric materials with 10 μm resolution. Moreover, the organic and oxide thin-film transistors with the patterned channels were combined to produce the hybrid complementary inverter circuits, having full swing transfer characteristics.

High resolution optical projection tomography platform for multispectral imaging of the mouse gut.

Optical projection tomography (OPT) is a powerful tool for three-dimensional imaging of mesoscopic biological samples with great use for biomedical phenotyping studies. We present a fluorescent OPT platform that enables direct visualization of biological specimens and processes at a centimeter scale with high spatial resolution, as well as fast data throughput and reconstruction. We demonstrate nearly isotropic sub-28 µm resolution over more than 60 mm3 after reconstruction of a single acquisition. Our setup is optimized for imaging the mouse gut at multiple wavelengths. Thanks to a new sample preparation protocol specifically developed for gut specimens, we can observe the spatial arrangement of the intestinal villi and the vasculature network of a 3-cm long healthy mouse gut. Besides the blood vessel network surrounding the gastrointestinal tract, we observe traces of vasculature at the villi ends close to the lumen. The combination of rapid acquisition and a large field of view with high spatial resolution in 3D mesoscopic imaging holds an invaluable potential for gastrointestinal pathology research.