Mixture Of Graphene Oxide Research Articles

Facile and rapid decoration of graphene oxide with copper double salt, oxides and metallic copper as catalysts in oxidation and coupling reactions

We present a new facile and rapid microwave-assisted method to synthesize four different copper nanocompounds on the surface of graphene oxide (GO). By starting from a mixture of copper nitrate and GO, copper hydroxy nitrate double salt (DS) (Cu2(OH)3(NO3)), copper (II) and copper (I) oxides and metallic copper (Cu0) were synthesized and supported simultaneously. The catalytic performance of the four copper/GO nanohybrids as well as some unsupported particles in some common organic reactions has been checked. The studied materials present a high versatility in C–C, C–N, and C–S couplings as well as in catalytic selective oxidation reactions. The performance of DS/GO as an heterogeneous catalyst is presented for the first time and shows the highest activity among all the copper/GO nanohybrid studied systems. The results open up the possibility of a more thorough study of the catalytic performance of the supported copper double salt in other different catalytic and consecutive processes of organic synthesis.

Cytotoxicity mechanisms of nitrogen-doped graphene obtained by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite rods, on human endothelial and colon cancer cells

Three nitrogen-doped graphene samples were synthesized by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite rods via pulses of current. Depending on the synthesis conditions, the samples had different content of nitrogen (0.79, 2.56 and 2.33 wt%) and were denoted as NGr-1, NGr-2 and NGr-3, respectively. All samples consist in a mixture of graphene oxide, few- and multi-layer graphene. Several biological effects (cytotoxicity, oxidative stress induction, apoptosis, autophagy and DNA lesions) induced by the N-doped graphenes on human endothelial and colon cancer cells were investigated. The in vitro effects of graphenes were different and depended on the type of cell and the amount of nitrogen in the structure. On human endothelial cells, the graphenes showed antioxidant effects and were less toxic than on colon cancer cells, especially the one with low content of nitrogen (NGr-1). In contrast, on colon cancer cells the graphenes induced cell death by various mechanisms: free radicals generation, apoptosis, autophagy and DNA damage. The most severe DNA lesions and ultrastructural changes were produced by graphene with high content of nitrogen (NGr-2 and NGr-3). Our research demonstrates the cytotoxic effect of graphene with high content of nitrogen on colon cancer cells and antioxidant and protective properties on human endothelial cells.

Nucleating agents based on graphene and graphene oxide for crystallization of the \u03b2-form of isotactic polypropylene

During the investigations, functionalization of graphene oxide synthesized using modified Hummers’ method and its reduced form was performed. Mixtures of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide with pimelic acid and calcium hydroxide were prepared for functionalization. During the reaction, the molecules of pimelic acid were attached to the surface of graphene sheets. By forming links between the carboxylic groups of pimelic acid and graphene oxide, the durable connection was achieved. The functionalized graphene oxide and the reduced graphene oxide were used as additives in isotactic polypropylene crystallization. The influence of additives on crystallisation in non-isothermal conditions was examined using polarized optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The effect of the additives on the polypropylene structure was analysed using wide-angle X-ray scattering. For both functionalized compounds, the nucleating ability towards β-form of polypropylene was detected. Both additives showed the increase in the nucleation rate and promotion of growth of the β-form crystals. Nucleation efficiency similar to other nucleating agents used in the crystallization of the β-form of polypropylene was revealed.

G-CNTs/PVDF mixed matrix membranes with improved antifouling properties and filtration performance

Although carbon nanomaterials have been widely used as effective nanofillers for fabrication of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with outstanding performances, the reproducibility of the fabricated MMMs is still hindered by the non-homogenous dispersion of these carbon nanofillers in membrane substrate. Herein, we report an effective way to improve the compatibility of carbon-based nanomaterials with membrane matrixes. By chemically conjugating the oxidized CNTs (o-CNTs) and GO using hexanediamine as cross-linker, a novel carbon nanohybrid material (G-CNTs) was synthesized, which inherited both the advanced properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene oxide (GO). The G-CNTs incorporated polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) MMMs (GCNTs/PVDF) were fabricated via a non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method. The filtration and antifouling performances of G-CNTs/PVDF were evaluated using distillate water and a 1 g/L bovine serum albumin (BSA) aqueous solution under 0.10 MPa. Compared to the MMMs prepared with o-CNTs, GO, the physical mixture of o-CNTs and GO and pure PVDF membrane, the G-CNTs/PVDF membrane exhibited the highest water flux up to 220 L/m2/h and a flux recovery ratio as high as 90%, as well as the best BSA rejection rate. The excellent performances should be attributed to the increased membrane pore size, porosity and hydrophilicity of the resulted membrane. The successful synthesis of the novel nanohybrid G-CNTs provides a new type of nanofillers for MMMs fabrication.

Effects of morphology regulated by Pb2+ on graphene oxide cytotoxicity: Spectroscopic and in vitro investigations

In this study, the cytotoxicity of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets with different morphologies regulated with Pb2+ was estimated using A549 cells and an in vitro method. The results showed that after GO interacted with Pb2+, GO could transform to graphite-like, tube-like, and ball-like structures. The cell viability significantly decreased when A549 cells only exposed to GO (called GO group); whilst more cells survived after exposure to GO regulated by Pb2+ (called GO + Pb group). The levels of reactive oxygen species obviously increased in all the groups of Pb, GO, and GO + Pb relative to the control group, which suggested all the exposure of Pb2+, GO, and the mixture of GO and Pb2+ could significantly generate the oxidative stress-lipid peroxidization. GO showed the highest nutrient depletion-induced indirect cytotoxicity. In the GO + Pb group, the cell numbers got approximate 10% increase with respect to the GO group. Moreover, GO had high phospholipid extraction, whilst no phospholipid extraction was observed in the GO + Pb group. After aggregation and/or re-assembly, the membrane puncturing, phospholipid extraction, oxidative stress, nutrient depletion, and sheet adhesion of GO were inhibited to various extent, contributing to the reduced cytotoxicity of GO as well as Pb2+.

Facile production of silver-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite with highly effective antibacterial performance

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has broad applications based upon its superior electronic properties. In many cases, an additional antibacterial function of these materials requests physical or chemical modification, such as incorporating silver nanoparticles into rGO to produce silver-reduced graphene oxide (Ag/rGO) composite. Most of the previous methods of preparing Ag/rGO are top-down techniques starting from graphite exfoliation into graphene oxide (GO), to the reduction of a mixture of silver nitrate and GO into the Ag/rGO nanocomposite. This method is flawed by its high cost, tedious treatments, and heavy pollution from generated wastes. Herein, we manifest a novel bottom-up strategy of growing Ag/rGO totally from a cellulose acetate and silver nitrate precursor in one step without tedious solution exfoliation and chemical treatment steps. The produced Ag/rGO nanocomposite maintains highly effective antibacterial activity, which is ascribed to the synergy between the effect of rGO size and incorporated bactericidal silver nanoparticles. Our strategy is promising for industrial production from sustainability and cost-effectiveness perspectives.

Interfacial interactions, crystallization and molecular mobility in nanocomposites of Poly(lactic acid) filled with new hybrid inclusions based on graphene oxide and silica nanoparticles

Polymer composites based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and three fillers, graphene oxide (GO), silica nanoparticles, and a nanohybrid consisting of silica doped GO, were prepared and investigated. A combination of complimentary techniques, namely thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarized light microscopy (PLM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS), were employed to study the polymer-filler interaction, crystallization and molecular mobility. For the low filler content of 1 wt%, all inclusions act as nucleating agents, increasing the rate of PLA crystallization. Among all fillers, including the mixture of pristine silica and GO, the nanohybrid imposes the stronger effects on crystallization rate, the latter being highly desirable in industrial processing of PLA. The crystalline fraction (∼30%) was found to be the dominant factor in molecular mobility, is agreement with previous investigations on PLA based systems. Based on the degree of polymer/filler interaction (FTIR) and the suppression in calorimetric/dielectric strength of the glass transition (DSC/BDS), the interfacial rigid amorphous fraction (RAF) could be estimated. Interestingly, RAF exhibits its largest value for the composite based on the hybrid filler, in qualitative agreement between the three techniques. The latter fraction, representative of the polymer adsorption onto the nanofillers, is considered important within many applications (thin polymeric films, polymer nanocomposites, etc), furthermore, it is widely believed that RAF dominates the observed improvements of the properties in the nanocomposites.

Synthesis of Multiwall Carbon Nanotube/Graphene Composite by an Aerosol Process and its Characterization for Supercapacitors

ABSTRACT A multiwall carbon nanotube/graphene (MWCNT/GR) composite was synthesized for an enhanced supercapacitor. Aerosol spray drying (ASD) was used to synthesize the MWCNT/GR particles using a mixture of graphene oxide (GO) solution and MWCNT. The effect of the MWCNT/GO ratio on the properties of the composite, including its shape and structure, was investigated. The composite particles were generally shaped like a crumpled paper ball, with an average diameter of approximately 5 µm. The MWCNTs, which were uniformly dispersed among the graphene sheets, not only increased the basal spacing of the sheets but also bridged the wide gaps between them, thereby improving electron transfer between the layers. Thus, the MWCNTs increased the contact area of the electrolyte/electrode and facilitated the transportation of electrons and electrolyte in the electrode. Using a two-electrode testing system, the electrochemical results demonstrate that the MWCNT/GR (weight ratio = 0.1) electrode has a capacitance of 192 F g–1 and an excellent rate of capacity retention (88% at 4 A g–1).

Electrospinning of PAN and composite PAN-GO nanofibres

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present the influence of used reinforcement phase – graphene oxide (GO) and the electrospinning process parameters (the distance between the nozzle and collector) on the morphology and the structure of the obtained composite PAN-GO nanofibres. Design/methodology/approach: To produce pure polymer nanofibers, a 10% (wt.) electrospinning solution the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The spinning solution used for electrospinning PAN-GO composite fibres was made by dissolving the PAN in a mixture of GO and DMF. By changing the configuration of the distance between the nozzle and collector (10 and 20 cm) and maintaining the remaining parameters (solution flow rate and potential difference between the electrodes), four samples in the form of nanofibrous mats were made. In order to identify the structure and morphology of the reinforcing phase, X-ray microanalysis (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. In addition, the structure of graphene oxide microparticles was investigated by a Raman spectrometer. In order to determine the influence of the distance between the nozzle and the collector used in the electrospinning process and the addition of the reinforcing phase to the morphology and structure of the obtained PAN polymer nanofibres and PAN-GO composite nanofibres, they were examined using SEM. The analysis of the chemical composition of PAN and PAN-GO fibres was carried out using X-ray microanalysis. Findings: The morphology and structure analysis indicated that polymer nanofibres PAN for both the distances between the nozzle and the collector show no structural defects and presented same diameter over the entire length of the fibre. Nanofibres with the addition of GO obtained at both distances between the electrodes, showed defects in the form of beads. In addition, it was observed that with increasing distance between the nozzle and collector the diameter of obtained nanofibres is smaller for both pure PAN and composite PAN-GO samples. Research limitations/implications: The paper is the basis for further research in the field of the use of PAN-GO composite nanofibres as water purification materials. Originality/value: The electrospinning method can be an alternative to conventional methods for the production of filtering membranes due to the ease of carrying out the process and the fact that a material with a high specific surface area is obtained.

In situ fabrication of graphene oxide supported nano silica for the preparation of rubber composites with high mechanical strength and thermal conductivity

Graphene oxide (GO) supported nano silica (SiO2), SiO2‐GO, was synthesized via in situ hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) on GO surface. It was proved that SiO2 nanoparticles with an average particle diameter of ca. 30 nm were covalently grafted through Si—O—C bonds and evenly distributed on the surface of GO sheets. Subsequently, SiO2—GO was incorporated into styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) latex to prepare elastomer composite (SBR/SiO2‐GO). As expected, because of the unique architecture of SiO2‐GO, the irreversible agglomeration of SiO2 or GO was eliminated and the nanohybrid was uniformly dispersed in the rubber composites. In addition, the interfacial interaction between SiO2‐GO and rubber was also significantly improved. Consequently, SBR/SiO2‐GO composites showed much higher mechanical strength than SBR composites containing equal amount of GO or physical mixture of SiO2/GO. For example, when the filler content is 6 phr, the tensile strength of SBR/SiO2‐GO composites is further increased by 21% and 94% compared to those of SBR/GO and SBR/SiO2/GO composites, respectively. Moreover, SiO2‐GO nano hybrid can also endow rubber composites with better thermal conductivity than the physical mixture of SiO2 and GO. Potentially, this unique hybrid architecture synthesized in this work may provide a new method for the preparation of high‐performance elastomer composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:E1633–E1641, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

RuO2 modification of graphene oxide-multiwalled carbon nanotubes as excellent positive electrode for vanadium redox flow battery

Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are one of the most appealing candidates for large-scale energy storage, and hence, they have to get more developed to overwhelm commercialization obstacles such as high price of membrane and vanadium electrolyte. In this work, we have synthesized “graphene oxide (GO)-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)-RuO2” as positive electrode material for VRFBs. The mixture of GO and MWCNT was prepared, and then, it was modified with RuO2 nanoparticles. The FE-SEM and XRD were utilized to investigate the morphology and structure of as-prepared electrocatalyst materials. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques were used to look into the electrochemical performance of as-prepared electrocatalyst for vanadium IV/V redox couple reaction. GO-MWCNT-RuO2 reduced the charge transfer resistance from 223.20 Ω (MWCNT) and 186.60 Ω (GO-MWCNT) to 94.25 Ω. The voltammograms showed that peak separation potential was decreased from 605 mV for MWCNT down to 134 mV for GO-MWCNT-RuO2.

A Unique Strategy for Polyethylene Glycol/Hybrid Carbon Foam Phase Change Materials: Morphologies, Thermal Properties, and Energy Storage Behavior.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG)/hybrid carbon foam (CF) phase change materials (PCMs) were prepared by integrating PEG into CF via dynamic-vacuum impregnation. The hybrid CF was first synthesized by mixtures of graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different volume ratios. The morphologies, chemical structures, thermal conductivities, shape-stabilization levels, and photo-thermal energy conversion levels of these composite PCMs were characterized systematically. The prepared composite PCMs exhibited good shape-stabilization levels and showed their original shapes without any PEG leakage. It was found that the polyethylene glycol/carbon foam with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PEG/MCF) composite PCMs had a better shape-stable performance below the temperature of 250 °C, and the thermal conductivity of the PEG/MCF composite PCMs reached as high as 1.535 W/(mK), which was obviously higher than that of polyethylene glycol/carbon foam with single-walled carbon nanotubes (PEG/SCF, 1.159 W/(mK)). The results of the photo-thermal simulation tests showed that the composite PCMs had the ability to absorb light energy and then convert it to thermal energy, and the maximum thermal energy storage efficiency of the PEG/MCF composite PCMs and the PEG/SCF composite PCMs was 92.1% and 90.6%, respectively. It was considered that a valuable technique to produce high-performance composite PCMs was developed.

Nickel‐Nanoparticles on Doped Graphene: A Highly Active Electrocatalyst for Alcohol and Carbohydrate Electrooxidation for Energy Production

AbstractNickel nanoparticles supported on nitrogen doped graphene (Ni−NGr) as highly efficient electrocatalyst were synthesized via controlled thermal annealing using a mixture of graphene oxide, nickel nitrate and uric acid. The synthesized Ni−NGr catalyst presented excellent electrocatalytic performance for ethanol, glucose and glycerol oxidation, stemming from the synergistic effects of nickel and N‐graphene. The electrocatalytic activity was enhanced by the high surface area and nitrogen‐based active sites of pyridinic and graphitic N in doped graphene. These N‐moieties enhanced the accessibility of active sites while preventing agglomeration of nickel nanoparticles on the doped graphene surface. The hybrid electrocatalyst performances were significantly improved and are suited for electrooxidation application in fuel cells.

Effect of Drying Methods of Alumina Powder and Graphene Oxide Mixture on the Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Sintered Composites Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering

This paper presents a study on graphene-reinforced alumina ceramic composites and the resulting mechanical and electrical properties. Three drying methods were chosen for the fabrication of the initial mixtures: spray, freeze, and vacuum. Spark plasma sintering was chosen as a method of consolidating mixtures. A combination of spray drying and spark plasma sintering makes it possible to produce a high-density (99%) ceramic nanocomposite with improved mechanical properties. The hardness and crack resistance values were increased by 6 and 28%, respectively, compared to other materials studied in this work. This improvement is due to an extremely good dispersion of graphene in the composite, which leads to the decrease in the grain size of the ceramic matrix and consequently reduces the probability of crack occurrence. In addition to these exceptional mechanical properties, the sintered composites also showed high electrical conductivity, which allows the compacts to be machined using electrical discharge machining and thus facilitates the fabrication of ceramic components with sophisticated shapes while reducing machining costs.

Mixed‐Mode Remediation of Cadmium and Arsenate Ions Using Graphene‐Based Materials

Cadmium (Cd) and arsenate (As) are notorious environmental contaminants, and co‐contamination usually requires opposing treatment strategies due to their differing physico‐chemical properties. Developing adsorbents that can bind both contrasting contaminants simultaneously is desirable. Two prepared graphene materials, graphene oxide (GO) and iron‐oxide‐modified reduced‐GO (FeG), are evaluated for Cd‐ and As‐sorption, and performance is compared to a mixed‐mode commercial adsorbent. Negatively charged GO shows affinity toward cationic Cd, and positively charged FeG shows affinity toward anionic As. Sorption is pH dependent: Increase in pH‐promotes Cd‐sorption and retards As‐sorption. GO displays excellent Cd‐sorption even in acidic conditions. The maximum amounts adsorbed by GO and FeG are 782 μmol Cd g−1 and 408 μmol As g−1, respectively. Competition by calcium strongly suppresses Cd‐sorption, whereas competition by phosphate does not hinder As‐sorption. A mixture of GO and FeG demonstrates successful simultaneous sorption of Cd and As from co‐contaminated solutions, including a natural water sample, displaying greater sorption than the commercial adsorbent. Data highlight the potential application of graphene materials in effective mixed‐mode remediation of multiple contaminants (cations and anions).

An experimental study on thermal conductivity enhancement of DI water-EG based ZnO(CuO)/graphene wrapped carbon nanotubes nanofluids

The present study describes a facile synthesis procedure for nanocomposites consisting of 1D carbon nanotubes, 2D graphene and metal-oxide nanoparticles (CuO, ZnO) referred as metal-oxide dispersed on graphene-wrapped carbon nanotubes (CuO/GC and ZnO/GC) nanocomposites. Moreover, nanofluids were prepared by dispersing the above composites and the thermal conductivity of these nanofluids has been measured. Initially, GC was synthesized by a chemical vapor deposition technique using the mixture of graphene oxide (GO) and MmNi3 as catalyst and further purified by removing catalyst impurities and amorphous carbon. Afterwards, synthesis of metal-oxide dispersed on GC nanocomposites has been done. The formation of nanocomposites has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope. Further, nanofluids were prepared by dispersing nanocomposites (GC, CuO/GC, and ZnO/GC) in de-ionized (DI) water and ethylene glycol (EG) without any functionalization and surfactant. After confirming the stability of nanofluids by zeta potential analysis, thermal conductivity of these nanofluids was measured at different temperatures. GC, ZnO/GC and CuO/GC dispersed DI water based nanofluids show an enhancement of 22.6%, 24.1% and 26.0% for 0.015 vol. % at 50 °C, respectively. Further, an enhancement of 15.5%, 17.7% and 21.2% was observed for GC, ZnO/GC and CuO/GC dispersed EG based nanofluids for 0.015 vol. % at 50 °C, respectively.

Incorporation of Multinuclear Copper Active Sites into Nitrogen-Doped Graphene for Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction

Multinuclear metal active sites are widely used as catalytic reaction centers in metalloenzymes and generally show high catalytic activity. For example, laccases are known to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to water at a multinuclear copper site with almost no energy loss. The ORR is an important reaction not only in oxygenic respiration but also in future energy generation devices such as polymer electrolyte fuel cells and metal–air batteries. For large-scale commercialization of these devices, there is a need to develop highly active ORR electrocatalysts based on nonprecious metals. Incorporation of multinuclear metal active sites in conductive materials such as carbon will allow us to develop highly active electrocatalysts like metalloenzymes. However, such methods had not been established yet. Herein, we report a copper-based ORR electrocatalyst with multinuclear copper active sites in nitrogen-doped graphene. The electrocatalyst was synthesized from the mixture of graphene oxide and a mu...

Ternary nanotube α-MnO2/GO/AC as an excellent alternative composite modifier for cathode electrode of microbial fuel cell

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are known as innovative alternatives to non-renewable energy by providing significant opportunities to convert chemical energy of organic or inorganic matters into electricity. Although they are capable of operating on diverse types of carbohydrates, they are able to function on complex substrates. However, low power density is one of their most challenging drawbacks. Using various types of catalytic materials is a typical method to overcome low performance of MFC. Mixture of graphene oxide (GO) and α-manganese dioxide nanotubes (α-MnO2) was applied as a cathode catalyst. Oxygen reduction reaction and MFC’s output power were enhanced by constructing nanocomposite with high catalytic activity mixed with simple and cost-effective activated carbon (AC), which was 280-fold of the bare electrode. Moreover, MFC’s output was compared by applying ternary nanotube α-MnO2/GO/AC catalyst with 5, 10, 15 and 20% of GO. Consequently, the composite with 10% GO achieved 148.4 mW m−2 maximum power density which indicated the best performance among other amounts of GO.

A novel fabrication of sensor using ZnO-Al2O3 ceramic nanofibers to simultaneously detect catechol and hydroquinone

A novel voltammetric sensor based on ZnO-Al2O3 ceramic nanofibers and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was used for simultaneous determination of catechol and hydroquinone. The sensor was fabricated using ZnO-Al2O3 ceramic nanofibers for modification of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Ceramic nanofibers were electrodeposited onto the mixture of graphene oxide (GO) and chitosan (chit) simultaneously with gold nanoparticle electrodeposition. The morphology and the structure of ceramic nanofibers were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The porous structures can be used for the simultaneous detection of isomers due to their satisfied results in concurrent analytes determination; then the porosity of ZnO-Al2O3 ceramic nanofibers was determined using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) test. The sensor has been applied for simultaneous determination of catechol and hydroquinone which indicated good results. The limit of detection and linear ranges are obtained 3.1 and 0.5 to 40 μM for catechol respectively. For hydroquinone, there are two linear ranges, 0.13 to 1 μM and 1.5 to 56.6 μM, and two limits of detection, 0.19 and 15.0 μM respectively. For catechol, the amounts of α and ks were 0.43 and 1.12 s−1, respectively and for catechol, they were 0.35 and 0.41 s−1, respectively.

Sandwich‐Type Nanocomposite of Reduced Graphene Oxide and Periodic Mesoporous Silica with Vertically Aligned Mesochannels of Tunable Pore Depth and Size

AbstractSandwich‐type nanocomposites of graphene oxide (GO) and periodic mesoporous silica (PMS) with vertically aligned mesochannels of different pore depth and size are synthesized and characterized, and their formation modes are examined. The existence of mesoscale ordered structure in the mixture of GO and surfactant solutions is confirmed for the first time by in situ small angle X‐ray scattering measurement using synchrotron radiation. The mesochannel depth and pore wall ripening of PMS in the nanocomposites are controlled by the reaction time of the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate. The pore size of PMS in the nanocomposites can be varied in the range of 1–5 nm by varying the chain length of alkyltrimethylammonium (CnTA+) template and high specific surface area (≈1000 m2 g−1) is achieved for all samples. Nanocomposites with vertically aligned PMS mesochannels can be synthesized by applying CnTA+ templates of n ≥ 12, whereas with CnTA+ of n ≤ 10, either PMS nanoparticle deposited GO structure or the structure with incomplete coverage of GO surface with imperfect PMS is found. The aggregation behaviors of surfactant molecules on GO depend on surfactant concentration relative to critical micelle concentration and reaction temperature, and result in the peculiar nanocomposites of different structural styles.