Ministry Of Mines Research Articles

Comparison of petrographic characteristics and chemical composition of Poz-eWazirabad and Qachandara limestone mine of Samangan province

limestone is one of the sedimentary rocks and one of the most extended materials of this group which is widely used for production of cement, glasswork industries, tile making and heat resistance. Therefore, a research experiment was conducted in 2020 at of Poz-E- Wazirabad and Qachandara of Samangan province in Afghanistan to compare the similarity and the differences of petrographic characteristics and chemical composition of limestone in both mines. The samples were taken from both the mines for spectrometric analyses at directorate of laboratories of ministry of mining. Besides, the slides were prepared from these samples and the mineral composition, structure and texture characteristics were studied under petrographic microscope in laboratory of Geology and Mines of Kabul Polytechnic University. The main objectives of this study were to know the similarities and differences in petrographic characteristics and chemical composition of both mines, which in case of more similarities and favorability of Qachandara limestone mine; it would be suggested as a good source for establishment of a cement factory and other dependent industries on limestone in this province. The results indicated a lot of similarities with minor differences in both the mines. The minor differences were the amount of calcium oxides which was 52.54% in Poz-E-Wazirabad which was reduced in Qachandara mine to 47.81%. The magnesium content of Qachandara limestone was about 4% richer than Poz-E-Wazirabad limestone mine. The Poz-E-Wazirabad limestone was white in color while the Qachandara limestone color was gray to black, which shows the existence of organic matter in composition of this mine. The structure of limestone in Wazirabad mine was biomorphic but the limestone structure in Qachandara mine was oolitic.

Ormancılık Yükseköğretim Kurumlarında İsim Değiştirme Süreçleri

Forestry higher education has been offered since 1857. This study investigates the alterations made in the tertiary forestry institution names in Turkey under three periods: (1) between the years 1857 and 1934, (2) between the years 1945 and 1948, and (3) between the years 2006 and 2018. The Faculty of Forestry was under the Ministry of Mining during the first period, which later became a unit under the Ministry of Agriculture. In 1934, during the Republican period, it became a subdivision of Ankara Yüksek Ziraat Enstitüsü (Ankara Institute of Advanced Agriculture, YZE). All those changes in this period improved the reputation of the institution and the occupation. In the second period, tertiary-level forestry education was separated from YZE and incorporated into Istanbul University. The faculty members and the councils of the Faculty of Forestry were directly involved in the decision-making processes required by this change. However, the third period is marked by regulations that were made without involving any forestry education institutions and professionals. Due to the lack of a clear higher education policy, the names of institutions have not been preserved and the formation of an academic tradition in the forestry institutions has been delayed.

Latin America and the Caribbean ∙ INHALTSTITEL UNDEFINIERT

According to the decree, the suspension was a necessary measure to guarantee the safety and reliability of the national power system considering the reduction in consumption and shall be in force during the contingency caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The programme is expected to cover several sectors (e.g. construction, forestry, agriculture, tourism, academia, etc.) and to support the monitoring of GHG emissions, the development of energy efficiency programmes, and the use of renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar. [...]the current loss of domestic fuel demand led the Ministry of Mines and Energy to undertake between June and July a public consultation on lowering the program goals3, established in units of CBIOs (MME Ordinance 235/20).

Identifying Ethiopian National Mining Cadastre System (ENMCS) Post Implementation Success Factors: The Case of Ministry of Mines of Ethiopia

Identifying Ethiopian National Mining Cadastre System (ENMCS) Post Implementation Success Factors: The Case of Ministry of Mines of Ethiopia

Determination of Spatial Planning Area Criteria in the Perspective of Regional Autonomy to Ensure Sustainability of Land Resources

Regional spatial planning is an operational technical policy that must be implemented by local governments in an effort to make spatial planning into areas that regulate the use and or management of natural resources and the environment for various life interests. Its existence as a reference for regional economic development planning. A harmonious and balanced regional arrangement between protected areas and cultivation areas, as well as a harmonious and balanced arrangement within an area, must be able to accommodate all the interests of regional economic development optimally. This condition is a basic requirement for planning and implementing sustainable development. The importance of a balance between economic growth and environmental preservation is a concept that reflects sustainable development. Sustainable development is basically a development strategy that provides a kind of threshold at the rate of utilization of natural ecosystems and the natural resources contained therein. Aspects underlying the arrangement of the area include legal aspects, physical aspects, aspects of regional production capability, and aspects of regional economic capacity that can provide legal guarantees and the continued use of the area. As usual, land use planning starts from the preparation of a Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) as a mandate from: 1) Republic of Indonesia Law Number 26 of 2007 concerning Spatial Planning; 2) Republic of Indonesia Law Number 32 of 2004 concerning Regional Government; and 3) Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation No. 26/2008 concerning National Spatial Planning with the same goal, which is to increase and accelerate Indonesia's economic development. Approval of the substance by the Minister is based on an evaluation of the criteria of the area that forms the spatial pattern of the cultivation area. The assessment is determined by a ministerial decree from the Ministry of Forestry, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Mining, and the Ministry of Public Works and Regional Prasana Settlements. However, there is an impression that each Ministry in establishing regional criteria does not coordinate between sectors and does not involve local governments, as mandated by the principle of autonomous governance as stated in Government Regulation number 38 of 2007 concerning Division of Government Affairs between Governments; Provincial Government, and Regency/City Government, mandate that central government policy-making must involve local governments. This study was conducted to analyze the policy to determine the criteria of the area in accordance with the functions and capabilities of the land so that it can be a clear baseline and agreed upon by each development sector and can be agreed between sectors and between Ministries, the Provincial Government, and Regency / City Governments.

Application of Remote Sensing in Identifying and Mapping of Exposed Rock Massifs, Potential Quarry Sites in Yaounde-Cameroon

Since 2018, Cameroon opted for an aggressive mineral exploration in order to attain the status of an emerging country by 2035. Thus, any surface and sub-surface resources found important has to be valorised. This study therefore seeks to contribute towards the drive to an emerging nation initiative through the identification and mapping of exposed rock massifs in the city of Yaounde using Remote sensing techniques. The fieldwork constituted of locating the geographic coordinates of some rock outcrops with the GPS, projecting the samples on the a geo-referenced satellite image using GIS software (ArcGIS) and simulating the spectral behaviour of those spots to those of similar reflectance in order to conclude as the targets. This was then treated in GIS software for proper mapping to be done. The study revealed that Yaounde is actually endowed with enormous exposed rock massifs which can actually be valorised for construction works. Some of the exposed rocks are surrounded by vegetation especially at the outskirts of the city, others are actually engulfed within built-up areas with difficult accessibility while others could only be exposed on excavated areas for construction. Some are already under exploitation while others are not. Some of the rock outcrops were spotted of shallow extensions while others are small in surface areas but project deep down the soil. These results are of importance for use by quarry companies and the government of Cameroon through its Ministry of mines for onward allocation of exploitation permits.

Access and Use of Records Through the Cadastre System at the Ministry of Mining Headquarters, Nairobi

The Mining Cadastre System is a tool that facilitates easy access and use of information on mining license granting process and mineral resources in Kenya. The purpose of this study was to investigate the access and use of records through Cadastre System at the Ministry of Mining headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to: examine the extent to which the features of Cadastre System capture record-keeping functionalities and facilitates access and use of records at the Ministry of Mining Headquarters, Nairobi; establish the extent to which users access and utilize the system to meet their information needs; examine the opportunities and threats associated with Cadastre System in accessing and use of records and propose measures of enhancing its use. This study was guided by the Records Continuum model by Upward (2005) and the Design and Implementation of Record-keeping System (DIRKS) model by the National Archives of Australian (2001). The research study applied descriptive survey design and used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The target population was 152 respondents. The researcher used three sampling techniques namely; stratified sampling, simple random sampling and purposive sampling. The sample size was made up of 66 respondents. The study used interviews and questionnaires as methods of collecting data. The interview was used to collect data from the two Directors from Mines and Geology Directorate. Questionnaires were used to collect data from the staff of the Ministry who use the system. The pilot study was done in the Ministry of Mining Directorate at Community Area in Upper Hill Nairobi to test the data collection instruments. The researcher used 3 members of Registry Staff and tested the interview schedule with 2 Administrators to test the study. Quantitative data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23) while discourse analysis was used for analyzing qualitative data. Data was presented in tables and pie-charts. Textual data presentation was presented through discourse analysis. The main results from the research were that; the Cadastre System helps in the management of the mineral resources in the Ministry of Mining; users use the system to access mineral information allowing smooth and efficient document transactions; Cadastre system maximized revenue collection from the mineral sector and enhanced investor confidence. However, there were regulatory challenges affecting Cadastre system processes because of the new Mining Act 2016. The System required skilled experts in record-keeping as a measure to improve the Cadastre System operations. The study concludes that the Cadastral System in the Ministry of Mining needs adequate funding to maintain its operations. Trained personnel with records management skills should be involved in the Cadastre System development and maintenance alongside the mining engineers and cadastral staff for better service delivery. Therefore, the study recommends for allocation of adequate funds in its budget to facilitate the system’s operations and involvement of adequate skilled record’s management staff to enhance Cadaster System operations alongside the mining engineers/staff possibly through departmental trainings. Cadastral system enhancement would be beneficial to policy makers, staff and investors in the ministry of Mining. Policy makers will assess the Cadastre System performance with a view of upgrading it where need be. The staff will use the system to enhance service delivery while investors will get the information they are seeking for better returns in their mining investments. There is therefore need to allocate more budget to maintenance Cadastre System and the infrastructure so as to be accessed remotely at all times. Keywords: Access and use of records, Record-keeping, Cadastre System, Mining, Information needs. DOI: 10.7176/IKM/10-2-03 Publication date: February 29 th 2020

Synthetic scenario generation of monthly streamflows conditioned to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation: application to operation planning of hydrothermal systems

The Brazilian Interconnected Power System is hydro dominated and characterized by large reservoirs presenting multi-year regulation capability, arranged in complex cascades over several river basins. In this way, the expansion and operation planning should take into account the uncertainties about the future inflows to hydroplants reservoirs. Currently, a stochastic model for synthetic scenarios generation of monthly streamflow, based on Periodic Auto-Regressive formulation, is used to address the uncertainty. This is the official model used in the Brazilian energy operation planning by the Ministry of Mines and Energy, the National Operator of Electrical System, the Chamber of Electric Energy Commercialization and the Energy Planning Company. Recently, a great scientific effort has been made to include relevant climatic information in stochastic streamflow models. Among several important climatic phenomena in the Brazilian hydrological cycles, El Nino–Southern Oscillation has been pointed as one of the most important. Although the stochastic models that include exogenous variables or that use wavelets present good results, they have limitations for long-term horizon projections or are not suitable for applications that use stochastic dual dynamic programming, which is the case of the Brazilian electrical system. This work proposes an improvement to the current scenario generation model, in order to consider the climate information, but still being suitable to be applied in SDDP algorithms. To achieve this goal, a Markov-Switching Periodic Auto-Regressive model is presented. It is demonstrated that the methodology is able to generate synthetic scenarios which better resembles the observed streamflow, mainly during periods when the streamflow are below-average.

The Evolution of the Benchmarking Methodology Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA in the Cost Regulation of the Brazilian Electric Power Transmission Sector: a critical look at the renewal of concessions

Abstract: In 2012, the Federal Government announced a reduction of around 18% of the electric energy tariff going to the consumer. It was up to the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) to create a model that led to the reduction projected by the authorities. To reach this level, the Ministry of Mines and Energy proposed that the electric power transmission concessions be renewed in advance, according to new rules (MP 579/2012 and Law 12.783/2013). An important part of the new rules was the calculation of efficient operational cost through Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA, a methodology already used by ANEEL in two tariff reviews. The objective of this article was to study the evolution of the efficient operational cost calculation models adopted at these times. This analysis showed that ANEEL still needs to promote improvements in the modeling to better represent the operational reality of the concessionaires and eradicate the need for adjustments that reduce the reliability and transparency of the process.

Artisanal gold supply chain: Measures from the Ecuadorian Government

•Official Ecuadorian gold production of 6.5 tonnes in 2018 appears low due to large illegal exports.•The Central Bank of Ecuador (CBE) bought 2.27 tonnes of gold in 2018 through its two offices in Sangolqui and Machala.•The CBE started buying gold from artisanal miners in 2016 at the LME gold spot price with no deductions.•Bureaucracy by the Ministry of Mines to legalize artisanal miners is still the main hurdle to improve the CBE program.•Miners with small production cannot afford to travel to sell their gold at CBE offices or undergo the formalization process.

Strategic Human Resource Management in the Afghanistan Ministry of Mines and Petroleum: A Network Perspective

The focus of this paper is to examine the strategic role of human resource (HR) management in organizational level goal-setting and decision-making processes and to determine how the Human Resources department collaborates with other departments or outside organizations to execute its practices both within and outside the Afghanistan Ministry of Mines and Petroleum (MoMP). In this study, social network analysis (SNA) is utilized to analyse the formation of networks for each practice of human resources management (HRM) in the Ministry of Mines and Petroleum. This research has found that although public organizations in Afghanistan lack a modern administrative system due to the unsuccessful implementation of administrative reform, some features of strategic HRM are apparent in the current HRM within public organizations in Afghanistan, particularly in the MoMP. This finding provides insight into the strategic HRM concept, which can contribute more than traditional HRM to improving the sustainability of the MoMP.

Rol de la minería en la economía nacional, regional y su relación con la agricultura

Mining has played an important role in the development of the country in the last two decades, which is why we could call it the “mining boom”. This is confirmed with positive correlations of historical GDP data at national level and mining GDP. There is a high correlation between the regional economy and the regional mining activity (measured in terms of GDP according to regions). However, mining activity does not directly affect regional agricultural activity, agriculture continues its normal course of development. All regional GDP from 2007 to 2017 show positive growth rates. Likewise, all regions have a positive growth rate in the agricultural sector. The average annual growth rate of the mining sector at the country level from 2007 to 2017 varies by region. Some regions grow positively and others have a lower annual growth rate. In general, each of the regions is unique, presenting different growth rates in its regional GDP, agricultural GDP and mining GDP. The secondary information comes from the Central Reserve Bank of Peru, National Institute of Statistics and Information and the Ministry of Mining, among others.

Bauxite Mining in the Boké Region (Western Guinea): Method Used and Impacts on Physical Environment

This study assesses the environmental impact of bauxite mining and the attempts at managing those impacts around the three different bauxite mining communities “zones” (Sangaredi, Boke, Fria) in the western Guinea. Mining sector is important to the country’s economy; it represents 75 to 85% of resources exports by year, especially bauxite and figures prominently in the government's development priorities, evidenced by the broad movement of reforms undertaken by the authorities since 2010. In this context, these reforms aim both to minimize the risks while maximizing the benefits of the mining activity. This implies among other things, a better distribution of income from the mine, strict compliance with environmental standards, to record activity in a sustainable development perspective. To better understand these reforms and scope, this research evaluates the existing framework and innovations of the new reforms in the context of sustainable development. The researcher conducted a data collection, a series of interviews with resource persons (The local communities, the Ministry of Mines, mining companies and NGOs working in the mining sector), to analyze the Environmental and Socio-economic impact of mine. The results showed that the mining code of 1995 was both inadequate and very rarely applied in the field. In contrast, the 2011 code contains advanced Transparency important for equitable sharing of benefits and stringent measures for environmental protection. Thus, this 2011 mining code is more attractive and oriented towards sustainable development.

Incorporating managed preferences in the evaluation of public organizations efficiency: a DEA approach

Classical Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models have often been used to evaluate the public organizations effectiveness. However, such models, by ignoring the managers preferences, can classify as efficient organizations that, in fact, are not. Based on this motivation, the objective of this paper was to evaluate, through a DEA model that incorporates managerial preferences, the efficiency of the 25 superintendencies of the National Department of Mineral Production (DNPM), an autarchy linked to the Ministry of Mines and Energy. For this purpose, the number of servers in the middle and end areas and, as outputs, the number of mining titles granted in 2016 was considered as input. Manager preferences regarding outputs were incorporated into classical DEA models using the assurance region method. The results showed that when management preferences were incorporated into classic DEA models, the DNPM superintendencies number that showed maximum operational efficiency was reduced from eight to five. For superintendencies classified as inefficient, the benchmarks and performance targets were identified, which is useful, since they can support the action planning aimed at reducing the high liabilities pending processes for analysis by the municipality. This would reduce DNPM's slowness in granting mining bonds, which would stimulate investments in the mineral sector, which is of paramount importance to the Brazilian economy. It should be emphasized that the methods used in this research can be applied in the evaluation of the organizations efficiency whose managers have different preferences on inputs and outputs.

The Colombian artisanal mining sector: Formalization is a heavy burden

The Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME) in Colombia has the potential to be the most pro-active government ministry in the world to deal with the problem of formalization of an estimated 300,000 Colombian artisanal miners, extracting gold, diamonds, emeralds, coal, construction minerals, etc. However, currently, the MME has reached the basic stage of formalization of only about 7% of the total registered mining units in the country. In conjunction with the Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development, local authorities and even the Army (for the use of explosives), the inherent regulations required for formalization are very difficult to manage for the artisanal miners. As a result, gold production in the country reached 61.8 tonnes in 2016, in which the formal sector only represented 13% of this total, while the informal miners produced 87% of the gold. Furthermore, apart from the Colombian Government missing out on taxes that could be garnered from the informally produced gold, it is clear that there are significant quantities of gold being smuggled out of the country illegally. In 2017, although gold production fell by 35% to a total of 40.1 tonnes, gold exports increased 17% from 48 tonnes in 2016 to 58 tonnes in 2017, which is likely due to illegal mining, mainly from illicit criminal organizations laundering money via gold exports. In order to increase the successful formalization of legitimate artisanal gold miners, major reforms of the legislation are urgently needed, including facilitation of the hurdles required to undergo the process, as well as increased presence on the ground to offer education, training and capital investment for cleaner processing techniques.

Plano Nacional de Mineração 2030 e a Atividade Mineradora em Terras Indígenas

O Ministério de Minas e Energia elaborou um Plano Nacional de Mineração, listando metas para quintuplicar a atividade mineradora no país e a elaboração do Novo Código da Mineração. O Plano trata a extração e transformação mineral como mera atividade a ser regulada em benefício das empresas, desconsiderando os impactos decorrentes, e flexibiliza a atividade em áreas de restrição legal. Como consequências ocorrem a destruição do meio ambiente e do modo de vida das comunidades que historicamente ocupam os territórios visados pela mineração, a exemplo dos povos indígenas. Questiona-se como o Estado Brasileiro observa os princípios democráticos no contexto da neoliberal. Por fim, trataremos da questão da mineração em terras indígenas, a partir do art. 231 da CF e da Convenção 169 da OIT.

Caracterización, impacto e implementación de las energías alternativas en Colombia en empresas públicas y privadas. Estudio preliminar

El presente manuscrito permite conocer la caracterización e impacto de las energías alternativas realizado por las instituciones públicas y privadas a lo largo de los últimos seis años en Colombia. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de los principales aportes hechos por diferentes investigadores presentados en diferentes artículos de revistas especializadas. En la misma medida, fueron utilizadas diversas fuentes tales como manuales, libros, artículos, folletos, catálogos y recursos académicos en revistas de opinión y especializadas. La fuente principal de consulta fue la página web del Ministerio de Minas y Energía en donde se presentan diferentesmanuales con legislación vigente para la interpretación de resoluciones y leyes relacionadas con esta temática. Los resultados de la revisión muestran el crecimiento de cada tipo de energía de las entidades en Colombia y se deriva un análisis en cuanto a los beneficios y su capacidad instalada.

ICT exploitation in the mining and energy industry in Norte de Santander

This article describes the results of the research paper “Characterization of ICT management of the Coal production sector in Norte de Santander against the guidelines of the current Strategic Plan for ICT in the Mining and Energy sector”. The objective of the study details the characteristics of ICT management and its use in the unified environment of mining and energy sector companies in Norte de Santander. As a result, the basic architecture aligned with the ICT strategic plan of the mining and energy sector was identified, which includes: document and archive management, process management, geographic information management, and security. In the same way, the limitations, capacities and state of maturity of the ICT management of the mission processes of the coal supply chain are specified, taking into account the level of integration with systems external to the sector such as the mining cadastre and the Ministry of Mines and Energy, among several and finally the information systems and tools used in decision making.

PEST analysis of wind energy in the world: From the worldwide boom to the emergent in Colombia

This article presents the analysis of the political, economic, social and technological aspects of the countries with the greatest development and generation of wind energy in the world, with the aim of studying the successes and disadvantages over the years and serve as a reference to a country like Colombia, which is in full technological development and is very interested in investing in new alternatives to the imminent ecological disaster resulting from polluting emissions. Colombia signs the Paris Agreement and immediately creates a large number of opportunities supported by state policies and economic investment, specifically in the construction of wind farms that guarantee a real alternative to the country’s energy demand. Wind energy supplies 5% of the world’s electricity, a contribution in which countries such as the United States, China, and Germany are the main producers. For this reason, it is necessary to study and analyze the factors that prevent the technological development of wind energy in Colombia, if it is considered a country with abundant resources in renewable energy sources and zero cost, a country that aspires to be a protagonist in the next 5 years according to the Ministry of Mines and Energy.

Introducing Buton Natural Rock Asphalt New Materials for Bitumen Mofification and Soil Stabilization

Abstract:The natural asphalt in the world which can be explored until today is Buton Natural Rock Asphalt (BNRA). The other natural asphalt like Trinidad Lake Asphalt Based on survey conducted by Directorate General of Mining Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Republik of Indonesia, amount of 650 million ton of BNRA are found in Buton island, yet until 92 years since BNRA in Buton Island discover by Hetzel, a Dutch Geolog, only 3.4 ton that have been explored to be used for road work. This paper reported the using of BNRA to modify bitumen to improve their properties in order to resist the high temperature rutting, and to stabilize clay soil, to improve their strenght. Bitumen penetration grade 80/100 which will be modified was blend by 15 to 65% of BNRA in increments of 5% by weight of bitumen, and to stabilized clay soil, amount of 2% to 8% in increements of 2% BNRA by weight of soil was added. To determine Penetration Index (PI) of neat bitumen and alsobitumen modified with BNRA, penetration at 250 Celcius and softening point test were conducted. Penetration Index is the parameter to measure the temperature susceptibility of binder. The test results show that ...