Abstract
This article presents the analysis of the political, economic, social and technological aspects of the countries with the greatest development and generation of wind energy in the world, with the aim of studying the successes and disadvantages over the years and serve as a reference to a country like Colombia, which is in full technological development and is very interested in investing in new alternatives to the imminent ecological disaster resulting from polluting emissions. Colombia signs the Paris Agreement and immediately creates a large number of opportunities supported by state policies and economic investment, specifically in the construction of wind farms that guarantee a real alternative to the country’s energy demand. Wind energy supplies 5% of the world’s electricity, a contribution in which countries such as the United States, China, and Germany are the main producers. For this reason, it is necessary to study and analyze the factors that prevent the technological development of wind energy in Colombia, if it is considered a country with abundant resources in renewable energy sources and zero cost, a country that aspires to be a protagonist in the next 5 years according to the Ministry of Mines and Energy.
Highlights
Environmental problems and the increase in the global temperature of the planet are the main consequences of the emissions of CO2 and other pollutants generated by fossil fuels around the world [1,2]
PEST analysis of wind energy Wind power is one of the fastest growing forms of electricity generation in the United States, with the largest share of renewable electricity generation capacity in the country according to the American Wind Energy Association [26]
China ranked first in 2016 in terms of new wind turbines, well above all other countries, so much so that it installed more than 50% of what everyone else installed [27]. This accelerated growth was due to government policies and the tariffs given to those entities that invested in the wind energy sector
Summary
Environmental problems and the increase in the global temperature of the planet are the main consequences of the emissions of CO2 and other pollutants generated by fossil fuels around the world [1,2]. All efforts have been directed towards the protection and care of the environment by all organizations in the world, regardless of the area or scope of work [5]; this intention is reflected in the treaties and agreements signed throughout the world that allow for the regulation of the use of pollutants and the amount of emissions that seriously affect the environment (see Figure 1) [6] To achieve this change requires commitment, dedication, and innovation from all entities and countries [8], understanding that the priority of the planet is the reduction of pollutants; the possibility of creating innovative technologies and methods for the creation of clean systems that provide a real alternative to the problems of climate change, such as wind energy, has been studied.
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