Milk Plant Research Articles

Economics of milk processing in cooperative sector of Haryana

In the rural sector, dairying and milk production is an important economic activity and has become a secondary source of income and employment. Cooperatives play an important role in animal husbandry and dairying sector, which contributes about one-fourth of agricultural GDP of the country. This study works out the cost of collection, chilling and transportation to arrive at economics of milk processing and manufacturing of milk products in Haryana by selecting milk plants from different zones in the cooperative sector. The economics of milk processing in Haryana show that procurement cost was found to be higher in Western zone which was estimated to Rs. 1.83 per litre of milk compared to Rs. 1.67 per litre in Eastern zone. Out of which transport cost accounted for maximum share (54.57%) followed by transportation cost (54.5 7%), chilling cost (24%), collection cost (17.1 4%) and reception cost (8.57 %). The other higher profit giving products were double toned milk and ghee which yielded profit over cost of 15.21 and 11.88 percent respectively. These products were followed by ghee at 11.88% (Rs. 39.54 per unit). The profit margin for paneer was found to be lowest at 7.76 % with cost of Rs 16.05 per kg. The information on the profitability of different products in Haryana is useful tool for the management to reshuffle the product mix of the plants on the basis of cost of manufacturing, profits and demand of different products.

Результати тестування сучасноЇ індивідуальної доїльної установки

The purpose of the research: comprehensive assessment of the individual milking unit of the company "Kurtsan" (Turkey) during operation. Methods of research: Analysis of the structural features of the individual milking unit performed by the observation method given to test sample, the quality of the machine was evaluated by standardized methods: the quality of the technological process and operational-technological indicators in accordance with the SOU 74.3-37-273, energy indices according to DSTU 2331, economic Indicators according to DSTU 4397, safety indicators and ergonomics according to DSTU IEES 60335-1, DSTU EN 60335-2-70. Research Results: The conducted research confirms a sufficiently high quality of the technological process of selection of milk in cows in the conditions of use of milking installation in a personal economy, which provides favorable conditions for the milking of the cow, taking into account its physiological features. Performance per hour of basic time is 10 heads. Milking installation works on the principle of a closed milking system, thanks to which milk does not contact the environment and immediately from the basin enters a sealed can. Such system protects milk from the possibility of bacterial and physical contamination. Milk obtained during milking by milking installation according to quality indicators (acidity, density, content of somatic cells, mass fraction of dry matter, mass fraction of fat) meets the requirements for the first grade according to DSTU 3662. Milking installation is equipped with a dry vacuum pump. Power consumption during installation does not exceed 0.54 kW. Specific electricity consumption for milking of one cow is 0.05 kWh / head. Annual operating expenses for milking of two cows in the farm are 1591.90 UAH / head. Conclusions. According to the testing of the individual milking plant manufacturing company "KURTSAN", it has been established that this installation reliably performs the technological process of machine milking of cows in milking can for their tethered maintenance and allows you to get milk of the first grade. The total duration of visiting one cow is 5.75 minutes. The average intensity of milk is 1.0 kg / min. Milking machine provides complete bodies of cows. The magnitude of the control manual feed is 50 ml. The milking machine is equipped with an adjustable pulsator of pairwise milking, which creates a manual milking process and works for a working vacuum of 40 ± 1 kPa, which prevents injury to dies and diseases of mastitis. In the cover the "Stop-Milk" system is installed, which prevents milk from entering a vacuum pump during the overflow of the poor, or water while washing All items are compactly assembled on a single cart. However, a small diameter of wheels on an unequal surface creates some inconvenience to the operator during the transportation of the machine with a filled milk capacity. The application of the installation increases the amount of milk received. Its gentle work does not harm the emotional and physical health of the cow: the dysfunctions during operation are not pushed, and light vibration creates a massage effect. Milking installation allows you to significantly reduce the labor of service personnel in an economy with a maintenance of 1 to 10 cows.

Milk production process, quality and technological properties of milk for the use of various types of milking machines

Studies have been carried out to evaluate the efficiency of using easy-assembled cow houses in modern milk production technologies for the use of high-productive milking plants of the type ‘Parallel’ and ‘Carousel’ with 32 machines each. It has been established that new types of premises not only provide comfortable conditions for the maintenance of highly productive cows, but also reduce the labor costs for their maintenance and, most importantly, allow the use of modern high-productive milking installations of the type ‘Parallel’ and ‘Carousel’. It has been established that the technology of preparation of cows for milking and milking technology provides more complete display of the milk ejection reflex at the installation of the ‘Parallel’ type. The average intensity of cows’ milk flows at this plant is 30% higher compared to those of the installation of ‘Carousel’ type, which is confirmed by the intensity of milk flow production at the first minute of milking, which is at the level of 2.97 against 1.85 kg min.-1 per installation of ‘Carousel’ type. Milk obtained using a milking installation of the ‘Parallel’ type has higher values of the mass fraction of fat and protein that is associated with the genetic potential of animals. According to physical, chemical and technological properties, milk obtained from milking installations such as ‘Parallel’ and ‘Carousel’ is within the limits of the standards in force. Milk obtained from the use of milking equipment such as ‘Carousel’ has higher electrical conductivity at the level of 4.6 mS cm-3, which is confirmed by a higher level of mastitis disease of cows. Due to bacterial contamination, reductase test and milk clot characteristic, milk obtained using a milk installation of ‘Parallel’ type also has higher quality indicators than the installation of ‘Carousel’ type. But according to the complex of indicators, milk obtained from various technologies of milking refers to the desired cheese-making class.

Молочная продуктивность и воспроизводительные показатели коров черно-пестрой породы в зависимости от технологии получения молока

Abstract. Milking cows is the final stage, which determines the effectiveness of milk production with all other issues resolved. The number of dairy farms equipped with modern milking machines is growing in the republic. Simultaneously with the increase in milk productivity of cows, the task is to use the least labor-intensive and energy-intensive technologies for milk production. At the same time, the health and tranquility of cows is a prerequisite for this, it is necessary to use modern technologies. The purpose is to study the impact of milking technology on the level of milk productivity, milk quality and reproductive indicators of cows. The object of the study is cows of black-and-pesky breed in the leading tribal farms of the Vavozhskiy district of the Udmurt Republic – collective farm (APC) named after Michurin and APC collective farm “Kolos”. Methods. Three groups of cows were formed using the pair-analog method: 1st group – loose-box keeping of cows using a robotic milking system, 2nd – loose-box keeping using milking machines “Evroparallel”, 3rd – loose-box keeping using the technology of milking cows through the milking parlor “Кarusel”. Results. Thus, in case of careless-box content and use of robotic milking plant, cows of black and pesky breeds outnumbered cows, which were fed using “Evroparallel” plant and milking technology with the help of milking hall “Кarusel” on all indicators of dairy productivity investigated by us (except for content of mass fraction of protein in milk) and reproduction qualities. Scientific novelty. Milking machines of outdated designs do not quite meet the physiological state of the animals, which leads to the loss of milk, premature start of cows and the incidence of mastitis. Thus, in the Udmurt Republic, new farms and complexes are being built, which are equipped with modern automated milking equipment, which excludes direct human participation in the process of obtaining milk, thereby increasing the quality and quantity of milk.

Reliability measures analysis of a milk plant using RPGT

Reliability measures analysis of a milk plant using RPGT

Modelling of fouling in a plate heat exchanger with high temperature pasteurisation process

This article discusses the steady-state and transient performances of continuous High-Temperature-Pasteurisation-Process (HTST) - milk plant. The plant comprises of integrated three-stage sections (regeneration, heating and cooling) counter-current gasketted-Plate-Heat-Exchanger (PHE) along with holding-tank, boiler, chiller unit and holding-tube. The conservation of mass and energy principle is applied in modelling the plant. Modelling of heat-exchanger is improved using Log-Mean-Temperature-Difference (LMTD) approach. Using this approach, where a rise of about 1 °C has been observed in the temperature of the heat-exchanger’s heating section, and the transient representation of heat-exchanger is thus improved. Fouling is a major issue in a dairy industry, as it incurs additional energy and cost. Moreover, problems due to fouling of exchangers lead to abnormal flow and temperature profile. This makes the pasteurisation difficult to control. Thus, fouling prediction is vital in grass-root design and even more, in retrofit applications. Therefore, the dynamic-behavior of the plant is also augmented by introducing one-dimensional predictive fouling-model (around a thickness of 2.8 x 10-5 m) in the overall integrated plant. It is observed that the reduction of 0.5 °C in pasteurised milk temperature approximately, reduces the quality of milk. The dynamic-model of HTST process is validated with experimental plant data. The sensitivity analysis of the model is also presented. The results of the integrated model are useful in constructing a good control strategy to improve the overall performance, reliability, efficiency, quality-control and economic benefits of the dairy farm.

Industrial applications of whey

Almost 85% of the entire milk utilized for manufacturing cheese/paneer is dismissing as whey. Most of the milk plants do not have a decent pre-treatment practice for the jettisoning of whey and the discarding of whey. Whey deemed as the most significant pollutant of the dairy enterprise, not solely due to its high organic content but also owing to its lofty volume. Whey protein-enriched method can develop for end groups such as infants, cardiac-risk group, and diabetics. Whey is assuredly an attractive growth medium for several kinds of microorganisms. The notable decline of BOD with the subsequent generation of valuable bio-products such as ethanol, bacteriocin and biogas has accomplished. Therefore, now whey is not a pollutant but a possible raw material for innovative products and processes.

COVID-2019 Locked down Impact on Dairy Industry in the World

Locked down is the rule and regulation which stop the movement of the people from one place to another while dairy industry is activities of agriculture which supply milk and different by products to world community. COVID-2019 is the virus which has killed so many people in the world. The world try how to control the problem of the COVID-2019, so each government of the world apply the locked down for the control of corona virus. Seeing to its importance the present study was arranged since June,2020 to analyze the COVID-2019 locked down impact on dairy industry in the world. Total 18 articles were downloaded from the net and wrote the result. The result indicates that locked down has decreased the demand of the dairy products in the world which have disturbed the socioeconomic condition of the dairy owner and weakened their economy. The COVID-2019 created the terror and fear in the world which have increased the locked down period in the world and create shortage in the fodder of the dairy animal while in some area considered animal to the carrier of the corona virus in the world. They told that corona has spread from the soup of bat while bat belong to mammalian family, So all world doctors claimed that animal also play great role in COVID-2019 as a carrier. Experiment in different world countries were launched and found that corona also affects different animal of the world. Among these animals, ferret, tiger, lion, cat, camel, civet are the animals which play great role in this virus spreading in the world. One recent experiment found that cells with ACE2 proteins from humans, horseshoe bats, civets, and pigs could be infected with the virus, while mice could not. Smith explained that these strains have narrow host ranges, and the chance that a human strain of coronavirus would come from a cow or calf is extremely low. The world scientists also thought how to control the situation for the future because some animal play great role as a reservoir as a host. The study further explains that the locked down has damaged the dairy industry of the world. Particularly Canada, USA, Russia, Iran, China have claimed that corona virus has mostly affected the workers of the meat and milk plants companies and because of this all industries of the dairy were closed which have directly affect the export of the dairy product in the world. Due to locked down the demand of the product decreased and the price level also declined of the dairy product in the world which have totally closed the production of the dairy products in the world market. It was also observed that Locked down rule regulation were not fully implemented because of this the swing of the corona in the world is still continued and from the beginning more people w infected and the number of affected reached to 64 laces while the death number was reached to 3 laces in the world. On the basis of problems the study recommends that to locked down should be continued and rule regulation should be fully applied in the world; Wash hand sanitizer should be applied on proper places of the body; Who goes against the rule should be punished; Army and honest personal should be deployed on duty; Rich people should be helped the poor community of the world; Credit and market facilities should be provided to dairy owner; Dairy owner should be exempted from the tax in the world; Training should be arranged for awareness of the community in the world; Locked down should be developed in the world; All animal Corona test should be processed in the world for future controlling; Dairy product should be tested for corona virus in the world; Mask should be wore everywhere in the world according to environment.

Establishing changes in the technical parameters of nipple rubber for milking machines and their impact on operational characteristics

Nipple rubber is an important part of a milking machine, one of its key elements. This is the only component of a milking plant that has direct contact with the surface of a cow udder. In addition, nipple rubber is the most loaded component of a milking machine. During the milking process, it is compressed and unclenched more than 400 times. In order to maximize the effect of the use of rubber, it is necessary to calculate the conditions of its use correctly, to monitor technical parameters in due time. The task of the study is to establish changes in the technical parameters of the nipple rubber of milking machines and their impact on the performance of the article. In the course of the research, it was established that the service life of all kinds of nipple rubbers was 1,000 hours, which, if used for 8 hours a day, corresponds to 125 days or 4 months of operation. When used for 1,000 hours, the rubber stiffness varies within significant limits and an average is: for products made of silicone 2,849.61±52.23–3,343.76±51.26 N/m; made of the material of rubber mixtures – 2,597.76±78.26–2,821.43±55.24 N/m. The readiness coefficient of all products is 1. Using electron microscopy, it was possible to establish the changes of the inner surface of nipple rubber after operating for 125 days/1,000 hours and after operating for 250 days/2,000 hours. It is proved that all its basic parameters change during operation. The weight of an article changes by 8.5 %, the depth – by 37 %, the wall thickness – by 2.5 %, and the stretching length – by 27 %. The high positive correlation dependence ( r =+0.939) between the nipple rubber stiffness and milking intensity was found. The studied indicators are important for determining the performance and nipple rubber suitability for use. The conducted research offers a real possibility of taking into consideration the qualitative parameters of nipple rubber during their selection and subsequent operation

Profit analysis of butter-oil (ghee) producing system of milk plant using supplementary variable technique

Present paper discussed the butter-oil (ghee) producing system consists of four subsystems—‘Melting Vats’, ‘Boilers’, ‘Butter-oil Clarifier’ and ‘Butter-oil Settling Tank’. All the four subsystems are connected in series configuration. The subsystem ‘Melting Vats’ consists two dissimilar units: one is performing the intended task and other is hold in cold standby. Subsystem ‘Boilers’ consists of three similar units, all are connected in parallel. Subsystems ‘Butter-oil Clarifier’ and ‘Butter-oil Settling Tank’ each consists of one unit. Time to failure of all the subsystems are exponentially distributed and repair times follow arbitrary distribution. Supplementary variable technique is used for analysis purpose. Also in the special case, the numerical results along with their graphs for distinct values of subsystems parameters such as failure rate and repair rate have been evolved to explore the behaviour of various performance characteristics of butter-oil producing system.

Effect of Sonchusoleracens on bacterial ganglia and some qualities and nutritional value of soybean crop Glycin max L.

Field experiments were carried out in the fields of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tikrit University during the 2018 season, which included dry plant parts (total root and vegetative total) with 50% and 100% concentrations of the whole plant at a concentration of 50% and 100% for Sonchusoleracens to study the adverse effect of mention treatments on bacterial contract number weight Nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in leaves, phosphorus and protein ratio in the nutritional value of Glycin max L.. The results of the experiment showed a significant reduction in the number and weight of the bacterial contract of the soybean plant in the soil added to it. The vegetative residue of the milk plant at 50% and 100% concentration. The contract disappeared at 100% for vegetative and root crops, Radical) concentrations of 50% and 100%. As for the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaves did not show significant differences for all the treatments, while there were significant differences in the percentage of phosphorus in the seeds, where the treatment gave a total vegetative concentration of 100% less average value (1.29%) compared to the comparison treatment without adding, (1.62)%. The mean values ​​showed significant differences in the percentage of protein in soybean seeds. If the vegetative treatment was treated, the mean was less (15.58%) compared to the comparison treatment without adding, which gave an average of (27.34) %.

Performance analysis of skimmed milk-producing system of milk plant using supplementary variable technique

The objective of the present paper is to enhance the performance of skimmed milk-producing system which ensures fluent functioning of the whole milk plant. Skimmed milk-producing system is the primary section of the milk plant from, where milk is transferred as par as required to other processing units/systems such as butter production system, butter–oil production system, skimmed milk powder production system, paneer production system, and dahi (curd) production system. If the primary section of the milk plant will not function efficiently; then, it is not possible for other milk-processing units/systems to remain in operative mode in long run which shall definitely affect the performance of the whole milk plant. Therefore, to ensure the smooth and efficient functioning of the whole milk plant, primary section, i.e., skimmed milk-producing system should remains operative. The distributions of failure times of the subsystems are exponential, while the repair times of the subsystems are arbitrarily distributed. The supplementary variable technique has been used to analyze the skimmed milk-producing system of milk plant. In addition, the behavior of availability and profit of the skimmed milk-producing system is discussed for some specified values of parameters for exponential distribution, Rayleigh distribution, and Weibull distribution.

Economic Efficiency of Milk Procurement in Sirsa Cooperative Milk Plant (Haryana)

The present study was conducted at a cooperative milk plant having the capacity of 1.1 lakh Litre Per Day (LPD). The investigation was carried out to study the cost of procurement and economic efficiency in the cooperative milk plant Sirsa (Haryana). The study shows that procurement cost was ` 1.83 per litre of milk. Among all the cost constituent in procurement process transportation cost had the highest share (43.72 per cent) followed by collection cost (26 per cent), chilling cost (21.86 percent) and reception cost (8.20 per cent).

Microbiological safety of UHT milk treated at 120 °C for 2 s, as estimated from the distribution of high-heat-resistant Bacillus cereus in dairy environments

Unlike common ultra-high-temperature (UHT) milk, so-called “UHT milk” in Japan is typically pasteurised at 120–130 °C for 2 s and distributed at 10 °C or less, and there is a potential risk of Bacillus cereus. To estimate the microbiological safety of UHT milk, we surveyed the distribution of high-heat-resistant B. cereus strains (defined as showing <∼3 log reduction after treatment at 120 °C for 2 s) among 200 isolates from dairy environments. Only four strains, which were isolated from the milk plant environment, showed high-heat resistance. All of them were unable to grow at 10 °C but grew at 12 °C. In contrast, heat-labile strains grew well at 10 °C. Therefore, UHT milk pasteurised at 120 °C for 2 s can be microbiologically safe, provided it is kept at 10 °C or less, within a rational shelf-life and avoiding contamination with B. cereus, especially of milk-plant-environment origin.

Economics of Resource Utilization: A Case Study of Sirsa Cooperative Milk Plant

The present study was conducted for estimating resource utilization in Sirsa cooperative milk plant. Estimating the energy utilization in different sections of the milk plant will reveal whether the energy was being utilized efficiently or there is wastage of energy. Total electricity consumption in the plant was 1970 thousand units during 2014–15. Among different sections of milk plant, most of the electricity was consumed in the refrigeration section (41.94 per cent) and least for the reception section (0.99 per cent). The total quantity of steam produced was 5840000 kg. Steam requirement during the processing of pasteurization was 0.11 kg/1000 ml, 0.22 kg for one kilogram of Paneer, 0.34 kg for a kilo of Ghee, 0.14 kg/1000ml of Dahi and 0.71 kg for one kilogram of SMP. Highest refrigeration was utilized for pasteurization of milk (67.89 kilocalories/litre) followed by Paneer (55.4 kilocalories/kg), and Dahi (31.41 kilocalories per 1000ml), respectively. Total water lifting in the plant was 91250 kilolitres. The cost of water pumping was worked out to be 9.43 per kilolitre of water. The share of the fixed cost was only 2.00 per cent of the total cost whereas the share of the variable cost was 98.00 per cent. Crate washing and cane cleaning utilized the highest amount of water (32.26 per cent) followed by pasteurization section (16 per cent), and least for production section (3.23 per cent). The highest manpower was employed in engineering section (24.07 per cent) and production section (24.07 per cent), followed by procurement section (13.96 per cent) and least for marketing section (3.70 per cent). Among different variable cost, electricity cost alone accounted for 64.92 per cent of the total cost whereas labour cost accounted for 11.08 per cent. Water and annual maintenance charges of the refrigeration section shares 1.76 and 0.49 per cent, respectively.

INVESTIGATION OF FOOD VALUES AND SAFETY OF DRIED DAIRY CANNED FOOD

The use of dry milk products in the Russian Federation is extremely wide and takes a significant place in the nutrition of the population. However, not always the products of agricultural production are safe with respect to the content of ecotoxicants. In this regard, the purpose of our research was to study the nutritional value and safety of dry dairy products (skimmed milk, cheese and curd whey) produced at the Chebarkul Milk Plant (Chelyabinsk Region). It has been established that curd whey has a rich mineral composition, namely calcium, potassium, chlorine, magnesium, sodium. The amount of protein in the dried canned milk studied corresponds to the regulated standards of State Standards 33629-2015 and 53492-2009. In all samples of products there are spherical protein micelles: in the size from 10 to 70 microns - in skim milk and whey whey, the size from 10 to 120 microns - in curd whey. Features of the fractional composition of proteins and technological features of the production of dry dairy products determine the percentage of destruction of protein molecules. The quantitative content of lead, arsenic, cadmium and mercury canned food in the analyzed samples allows to establish the conformity of products to the regulated requirements of the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union 021/2011.

Analysis of improvement ways of the cleaning quality of pipe-line milking plants on the basis of the aprorian factors ranking

On the basis of the analysis of questionnaires the matrix of ranks of factors was made. To verify the results have been calculated for a factor of concordance, which is made up of 0.89 that the evidence of the consistency of experts. Pearson criterion ?2=64.08 was calculated to determine the accuracy of the results. Due to the fact that the value of the concordance coefficient is significantly greater than zero, and the table value of the Pearson criterion is less than the even value, it can be argued with 95% probability that the consistency of researchers is not random. According to the results there of the study, to achieve the appropriate milk lines after sanitizing the greatest impact, the technology of washing (X4), use of mechanical cleaner (X9) and the timeliness of-2 (X8).

Working Capital Management and Liquidity Analysis of Selected Cooperative Milk Plants of Punjab

Working Capital Management and Liquidity Analysis of Selected Cooperative Milk Plants of Punjab

Resource-saving milk production technologies with use of easy-assembled premises and high-performance milking plants

High productivity of dairy cows in the conditions of new innovative technologies can not be obtained without providing comfortable conditions for their functioning.In this connection, the conditions for maintaining high-yielding cows in various types of livestock buildings are investigated: the traditional, 24.0 m wide and new unassembled, 32.5 m wide and 36.0 m in extreme periods of the year. The different width of the premises is due to the need to use different types of milking plants: MilkProud, Parallel, Carousel and robotic milking systems.Studies have established that volumetric-planning and technological solutions for easy-assembled premises increase the volume of space per head from 45.6 m3 to 96.3 m3 and 129.6 m3. It positively affects the conditions for the maintenance of highly productive cows. The presence in their design of side curtains and light-aeration ridge increases the speed of air in 3 times. This provides a reduction in the concentration of ammonia in 8 times, and bacterial pollution at 18.7 times compared with traditional barn.Increasing the volume of the room up to 129.6m³ per head reduces the bacterial air pollution in the winter period to a minimum value of 2.8 thousand/m³. New elements in the design of easy-assembled spaces provide resource-saving and organizing their lighting.According to the existing standards in Ukraine, the lighting in the feeding area should be at 52 lux. In traditional rooms, this level is achieved only by installing additional energy sources, which provide an increase in lighting from 31 lux to 52 lux. In new types of premises the required level of lighting is provided naturally, which leads to significant energy savings. It was established that technological solutions of easy-assembled premises provide comfortable conditions for recreation of high-yielding cows.In these types of rooms, the animals rest 12.4% and 20.0% more time compared to traditional rooms. Feeding of cows in easy-assembled premises from the stern table provides quick feeding of animals with feed. At the same time the time consumed for feed consumption in new types of barns is significantly less and is 252.0–246.0 min a day compared to 320.2 min in traditional premises where feeding is carried out from traditional feeding troughs.It is positive that in the new types of premises in animals there is a new important element of behavior – the movement, which they spend 8.6% and 9.9% of the time. New types of premises with resource-saving milk production technologies have a positive effect on the conditions for the maintenance of highly productive cows and can be widely implemented in Ukraine.

Dairy farmers with larger herd sizes adopt more precision dairy technologies

An increase in the average herd size on Australian dairy farms has also increased the labor and animal management pressure on farmers, thus potentially encouraging the adoption of precision technologies for enhanced management control. A survey was undertaken in 2015 in Australia to identify the relationship between herd size, current precision technology adoption, and perception of the future of precision technologies. Additionally, differences between farmers and service providers in relation to perception of future precision technology adoption were also investigated. Responses from 199 dairy farmers, and 102 service providers, were collected between May and August 2015 via an anonymous Internet-based questionnaire. Of the 199 dairy farmer responses, 10.4% corresponded to farms that had fewer than 150 cows, 37.7% had 151 to 300 cows, 35.5% had 301 to 500 cows; 6.0% had 501 to 700 cows, and 10.4% had more than 701 cows. The results showed that farmers with more than 500 cows adopted between 2 and 5 times more specific precision technologies, such as automatic cup removers, automatic milk plant wash systems, electronic cow identification systems and herd management software, when compared with smaller farms. Only minor differences were detected in perception of the future of precision technologies between either herd size or farmers and service providers. In particular, service providers expected a higher adoption of automatic milking and walk over weighing systems than farmers. Currently, the adoption of precision technology has mostly been of the type that reduces labor needs; however, respondents indicated that by 2025 adoption of data capturing technology for monitoring farm system parameters would be increased.